1.Introduction The ocean,a vital realm for human existence,encompasses distinct spatial zones,such as the free surface,airspace above the sea,and seabed.It also holds an immense wealth of resources,including oil and g...1.Introduction The ocean,a vital realm for human existence,encompasses distinct spatial zones,such as the free surface,airspace above the sea,and seabed.It also holds an immense wealth of resources,including oil and gas,renewable energy,minerals,and marine biodiversity,forming a crucial component of global life-support systems and representing a valuable asset for human survival and development[1].Moreover,as shown in Fig.1[2],the ocean sectors offer a critical avenue for contributing to many of the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for global development[3].展开更多
This paper focuses on ACF artificial cartilage biomimetic energy-absorbing materials,exploring the entire process from fundamental research to industrial transformation.By analyzing the key nodes and technological bre...This paper focuses on ACF artificial cartilage biomimetic energy-absorbing materials,exploring the entire process from fundamental research to industrial transformation.By analyzing the key nodes and technological breakthroughs in the research and development journey,as well as the market strategies and collaboration models in the transformation practices,this study reveals the profound insights ACF provides to the technological innovation ecosystem in terms of concepts,mechanisms,and resource integration,and constructs a universally applicable and forward-looking paradigm for technological innovation.Aiming to provide comprehensive and in-depth case studies for materials science and the entire technological innovation system,facilitating the innovative development and progress in related areas.展开更多
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology,China has entered the era of artificial intelligence.It not only promotes social development and progress but also faces a series of ethical risks.In re...With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology,China has entered the era of artificial intelligence.It not only promotes social development and progress but also faces a series of ethical risks.In response,this article starts from ethical risks,first expounds on the ethical turn in the development of artificial intelligence technology,then clarifies the core challenges of scientific and technological ethics governance in the era of artificial intelligence,and finally,proposes a theoretical framework and practical path for scientific and technological ethics governance,hoping to provide some reference for relevant personnel to better cope with scientific and technological ethics risks in the era of artificial intelligence.展开更多
This study investigated the influence of human capital development and technological,strategic,cognitive,and environmental factors on Industry 4.0 readiness,as well as cultural factors acting as a mediator.Respondents...This study investigated the influence of human capital development and technological,strategic,cognitive,and environmental factors on Industry 4.0 readiness,as well as cultural factors acting as a mediator.Respondents were 478 employees from across eight regions in Russia.Survey data were collected on employee technological readiness,human capital development,strategic planning,cognitive perceptions,and environmental and cultural factors influencing the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies,with cultural factors mediating.These findings from the structure equation analysis show that technological factors and human capital development are the strongest predictors of readiness,suggesting that robust digital infrastructure and a skilled workforce are critical for Industry 4.0 adoption.These findings contribute specifically to the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT)by expanding its application to the context of Industry 4.0 adoption.Furthermore,the findings provide practical insights for policymakers and industry leaders,empowering them to enhance technological implementation strategies by identifying areas such as human resource development to improve implementation strategies for Industry 4.0.展开更多
Globalization has resulted in a notable rise in the flow of high-skilled talent from emerging countries to developed nations. Current research on transnational talent flow mainly focuses on the destination countries, ...Globalization has resulted in a notable rise in the flow of high-skilled talent from emerging countries to developed nations. Current research on transnational talent flow mainly focuses on the destination countries, with less attention given to the perspective of the sending countries, particularly lacking a dynamic discussion on its impact on technological evolution in the origin countries. Based on the OECD REGPAT database, this paper aims to explore how talent groups migrating to developed countries facilitate the return of knowledge and technology to emerging countries and achieve breakthroughs in their technological evolution paths, while further discussing the potential mechanisms involved. The findings of this paper are as follows:(1) The technological development of emerging countries is a path-dependent process, where countries often branch into new technologies related to their preexisting knowledge base. Consequently, knowledge feedback from high-skilled talents increases the likelihood of sending countries developing unrelated technologies.(2) The mobility of talents across borders fosters more international collaborations and citations for patents that are unrelated to the local knowledge base, thus enriching the technological paths of sending countries.(3) The mobility of high-skilled talents primarily affects complex technologies, which have significant economic effects that encourage imitation by other countries.However, the effect on novel technologies is less significant due to their strong geographical stickiness. In general, this paper addresses the gaps in existing research on talent outflow and the technological evolution of origin countries, providing empirical evidence for the positive role of transnational talent mobility in the technological catch-up of emerging nations.Besides, it offers recommendations for talent export, import, and innovation policy formulation in these countries.展开更多
The intertwined challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and conflict require innovative integrated solutions that address both environmental and societal vulnerabilities. Technological innovation offers a tra...The intertwined challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and conflict require innovative integrated solutions that address both environmental and societal vulnerabilities. Technological innovation offers a transformative pathway for climate change adaptation and peacebuilding, with emphasis on a holistic approach to managing resource conflicts and environmental challenges. This paper explores the synergies between emerging technologies and strategic framework to mitigate climate-induced tensions and foster resilience. It focuses on the application of renewable energy systems to reduce dependence on contested resources, blockchain technology to ensure transparency in climate finance, equitable resource allocation and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance early warning systems for climate-related disaster and conflicts. Additionally, technologies such as precision agriculture and remote sensing empower communities to optimize resource use, adapt to shifting environmental conditions, and reduce competition over scares resources. These innovations with inclusive governance and local capacity-building are very primordial. Ultimately, the convergence of technology, policy, and local participation offers a scalable and replicable model for addressing the dual challenges of environmental degradation and instability, thereby paving the way for a more sustainable and peaceful future.展开更多
Since the introduction of the dual carbon goals,countries worldwide have been actively exploring next-generation green and clean energy technologies.E-fuels have gained widespread international attention as an effecti...Since the introduction of the dual carbon goals,countries worldwide have been actively exploring next-generation green and clean energy technologies.E-fuels have gained widespread international attention as an effective supplement to the current energy system and a novel approach to reducing carbon emissions.By tracking and understanding the current status and technological advancements of e-fuels,we can better support the strategic planning of China's new energy initiatives.展开更多
With the advent of the era of big data,the exponential growth of data generation has provided unprecedented opportunities for innovation and insight in various fields.However,increasing privacy and security concerns a...With the advent of the era of big data,the exponential growth of data generation has provided unprecedented opportunities for innovation and insight in various fields.However,increasing privacy and security concerns and the existence of the phenomenon of“data silos”limit the collaborative utilization of data.This paper systematically discusses the technological progress of federated learning,including its basic framework,model optimization,communication efficiency improvement,privacy protection mechanism,and integration with other technologies.It then analyzes the broad applications of federated learning in healthcare,the Internet of Things,Internet of Vehicles,smart cities,and financial services,and summarizes its challenges in data heterogeneity,communication overhead,privacy protection,scalability,and security.Finally,this paper looks forward to the future development direction of federated learning and proposes potential research paths in efficient algorithm design,privacy protection mechanism optimization,heterogeneous data processing,and cross-industry collaboration.展开更多
Cryopreservation of living cells and tissues plays a vital role in biomedical research,clinical applications,biotechnology innovation,the development of new vaccines and drugs,and the conservation of endangered specie...Cryopreservation of living cells and tissues plays a vital role in biomedical research,clinical applications,biotechnology innovation,the development of new vaccines and drugs,and the conservation of endangered species.While significant technological breakthroughs have been achieved in cooling methods-particularly through vitrification for large tissue and organs-the lack of optimal rewarming technology remains a key obstacle to successful cryopreservation,especially for larger samples such as tissues and organs.The primary challenges during the warming process include non-uniformity heating and insufficient rewarming rates,which can lead to thermal stress-induced structural damage and lethal ice recrystallization,ultimately compromising the integrity and functionality of biological materials.In recent years,various advanced warming techniques have emerged,employing different energy conversion approaches to achieve volumetric heating while minimizing the risk of overheating.These techniques involve thermal,mechanical-thermal,and electromagnetic-thermal energy conversions.However,each method presents its own limitation.This review aims to summarize recent advancements in rewarming technologies for cryopreservation,with a focus on their mechanisms,applications,and the key challenges that must be addressed to enable broader adoption in medical and commercial contexts.展开更多
This paper analyzed the relationship between organizational slack and technological innovation strategy in Chinese enterprises through building mathematic model and real options approach. The results show the organiza...This paper analyzed the relationship between organizational slack and technological innovation strategy in Chinese enterprises through building mathematic model and real options approach. The results show the organizational slack that explored and employed reached to a critical point and can promote enterprises to choose the independent innovation strategy based on R & D (Research and Development); And it is important to identify,explore and employ organizational slack correctly for strengthening the organizational independent innovation capability and raising its performance when the technological innovation strategy based on technological introduction is more and more difficult.展开更多
Due to the advantage of developing and bringing to innovative products ahead of competitors,the importance of radical technological innovation is well recognized.Based on the synergy theory,this study examines the eff...Due to the advantage of developing and bringing to innovative products ahead of competitors,the importance of radical technological innovation is well recognized.Based on the synergy theory,this study examines the effects of technology management(TM)and technological capability(TC)on radical technological innovation,and further explores the impact of the synergy between TM and TC on radical technological innovation.The results show that,firstly,both TM and TC have positive impacts on radical technological innovation,and thus two direct routines of radical technological innovation are identified.Secondly,the synergy between TM and TC also exerts positive impact on radical technological innovation,and this result indicates that the synergy between TM and TC plays an important role in radical technological innovation.This research provides a refreshing perspective on how to stimulate radical technological innovation,and also puts forward some beneficial suggestions for firms to improve radical technological innovation.展开更多
Product innovation can be achieved by analyzing leading products patents in the market.Different methods have been proposed for design around patent,commonly using the elimination or replacement of a single patent ele...Product innovation can be achieved by analyzing leading products patents in the market.Different methods have been proposed for design around patent,commonly using the elimination or replacement of a single patent element However,the existing research fails to restore the position and function of the design around object in the original patent portfolio of enterprises,which often leads to the phenomenon of evading one patent and violating another.This paper proposes a method for design around patent through using the fusion of technologies of the evolution theory and bundle-type patent portfolio analysis in the initial stage of product development.The object system is analyzed to select technical opportunities through the evolutionary path of technologies and functional trimming methods to achieve circumvent barriers of bundle-type patents.The bundle patent portfolio is analyzed for the product evolution with a radar map.The technological evolution path is combined with the TRIZ innovation method to identify and solve the design problem.Patentability of the new design is evaluated using the patent system rules for innovative scheme difference from the original patent portfolio.The method is verified in a case study for the design of a glass-wiping robot.The design solution has been patented.展开更多
Floating photovoltaic(FPV)technology is emerging as a highly promising approach to accelerate decarbonization of the global economy,due to its higher power generation efficiency and lower land occupation.With the rapi...Floating photovoltaic(FPV)technology is emerging as a highly promising approach to accelerate decarbonization of the global economy,due to its higher power generation efficiency and lower land occupation.With the rapid development of FPV technology,the mechanical performance degradation of key components caused by the harsh marine environment has become a pressing issue,as it significantly contributes to failure behavior observed in FPV systems.A comprehensive compilation of the mechanical performance of key components in FPV systems is also currently unavailable.Here,the mechanical behavior of each structural component in FPV systems under harsh marine environments is systematically reviewed.It further emphasizes the synergistic effects of mechanical performance degradation among different components on the overall system.The drop-off rate(v)of normalized elongation at break(EAB)of polymer under the synergistic effect of various environmental factors increases from 7.5×10^(−4)h^(−1)to 21.8×10^(−4)h^(−1)compared with the single environmental stress.Moreover,the development of novel materials and innovative mechanical structures applied in FPV systems to enhance mechanical performance is discussed.The novel flexible PV modules applied in FPV systems minimize the loads acting on the mooring lines by 80%and increase power generation by 5%.Notably,this paper provides a theoretical foundation for developing standards of FPV systems,especially the establishment of standards related to the synergistic effects of the mechanical performance degradation of different key components on FPV systems.展开更多
The continuous casting technological parameters have a great influence on the secondary dendrite arm spacing of the slab, which determines the segregation behavior of materials. Therefore, the identification of techno...The continuous casting technological parameters have a great influence on the secondary dendrite arm spacing of the slab, which determines the segregation behavior of materials. Therefore, the identification of technological parameters of continuous casting process directly impacts the property of slab. The relationships between continuous casting technological parameters and cooling rate of slab for spring steel were built using BP neural network model, based on which, the relevant secondary dendrite arm spacing was calculated. The simulation calculation was also carried out using the industrial data. The simulation results show that compared with that of the traditional method, the absolute error of calculation result obtained with BP neural network model reduced from 0. 015 to 0. 0005, and the relative error reduced from 6, 76 % to 0.22 %. BP neural network model had a more precise accuracy in the optimization of continuous casting technological parameters.展开更多
In order to increase productivity and reduce energy consumption of steelmaking-continuous casting(SCC) production process, especially with complicated technological routes, the cross entropy(CE) method was adopted to ...In order to increase productivity and reduce energy consumption of steelmaking-continuous casting(SCC) production process, especially with complicated technological routes, the cross entropy(CE) method was adopted to optimize the SCC production scheduling(SCCPS) problem. Based on the CE method, a matrix encoding scheme was proposed and a backward decoding method was used to generate a reasonable schedule. To describe the distribution of the solution space, a probability distribution model was built and used to generate individuals. In addition, the probability updating mechanism of the probability distribution model was proposed which helps to find the optimal individual gradually. Because of the poor stability and premature convergence of the standard cross entropy(SCE) algorithm, the improved cross entropy(ICE) algorithm was proposed with the following improvements: individual generation mechanism combined with heuristic rules, retention mechanism of the optimal individual, local search mechanism and dynamic parameters of the algorithm. Simulation experiments validate that the CE method is effective in solving the SCCPS problem with complicated technological routes and the ICE algorithm proposed has superior performance to the SCE algorithm and the genetic algorithm(GA).展开更多
This paper employs system dynamics to explore how the synergy between technology management and technological capability affects new product development.The results show that the synergy between technology management ...This paper employs system dynamics to explore how the synergy between technology management and technological capability affects new product development.The results show that the synergy between technology management and technological capability has positive impact on new product development.Moreover, the leading synergy processes between technology management and technological capability in different new product development stages are different.This paper deepens the theoretical understanding of how to achieve new product development, and also provides useful guidance for firms to implement new product development.展开更多
Through the analysis of the operation of China’s agricultural science technological and development process, the paper summed up the basic experience of agricultural science technological park and operation mode, in ...Through the analysis of the operation of China’s agricultural science technological and development process, the paper summed up the basic experience of agricultural science technological park and operation mode, in order to run at all levels of agricultural science technological park of science and regional some beneficial references for the development of agricultural economy.展开更多
Promoting agricultural modernisation through technological change is an important strategy for China.China's carbon neutrality strategy is leading to systemic socio-economic changes that could exacerbate the uncer...Promoting agricultural modernisation through technological change is an important strategy for China.China's carbon neutrality strategy is leading to systemic socio-economic changes that could exacerbate the uncertainty of agricultural development.Therefore,applying a computable general equilibrium(CGE)model,this study characterises the agricultural sector in detail,introducing endogenous technological change proxied by research and development(R&D)to assess the impact of different technological change scenarios on agricultural development under the carbon neutrality target.The results show that allocating carbon revenue for R&D inputs can mitigate the significant negative impact of achieving carbon neutrality on knowledge capital and production in agricultural sectors.Overall,using carbon revenue only for R&D input in crop sectors has the optimal effect on increasing the agricultural sectors'knowledge capital,improving crop production and profit,reducing crop external dependence and promoting the synergistic reduction of carbon and pollutant emissions.However,this scenario has the largest negative impact on macro-economics and household welfare.In contrast,allocating carbon revenue to promote technological change in broader non-energy sectors or both crops and non-energy sectors can effectively mitigate negative socio-economic impacts,but the positive impact on agricultural development is minimal.These findings provide practical insights for the rational use of carbon revenue to expand agricultural R&D investment and ensure balanced agricultural and economic development under the carbon neutrality target.展开更多
This study applies a stochastic frontier production approach to decompose the sources of total productivity (TFP) growth into technical progress and changes in technical efficiency of 8057 firms in Vietnamese manufact...This study applies a stochastic frontier production approach to decompose the sources of total productivity (TFP) growth into technical progress and changes in technical efficiency of 8057 firms in Vietnamese manufacturing industries during 2003-2007. Using both total manufacturing industry and sub-manufacturing industrial regressions, the analysis focuses on the trend of technological progress (TP) and technical efficiency change (TEC), and the role of productivity change in economic growth. According to the estimated results, the annual technical progress for the manufacturing industry and sub-manufacturing industries are calculated directly from the estimated parameters of the translog stochastic frontier production function by taking a partial derivative of output with respect to time t. The average technical changes in manufacturing industry and sub-manufacturing industries are positive, with an average technical change about 5.2%, 5.8%, 5.4%, 11.8%, 4.6%, 4.1%, 7.3%, 4.8%, 4.8% and 4.8% for total sample, food products & beverages, textile & wearing apparel, footwear, paper & products, industrial chemicals, rubber & plastic products, non- metallic mineral, basic & fabricated metal and other sub-industries, respectively. Total TFP in the manufacturing sector has grown at the annual rate of 0.052, although the rate of growth decreased continuously during the sample period. For the sub-industry estimates during the sample period, TFP grew fastest in the footwear sub-industry, with annual average growth rate of 11.8%, followed by the rubber & plastic products with a rate of 7.3%, and the food products & beverages with a rate of 5.8% per annum.展开更多
Under the background of green development,the function direction of technological innovation to green development efficiency,which includes economy,resources and environment,needs to be observed by demonstration.In th...Under the background of green development,the function direction of technological innovation to green development efficiency,which includes economy,resources and environment,needs to be observed by demonstration.In this paper,the green development efficiency of 30 provinces(cities and districts)in China from 2004 to 2017 is measured and its intertemporal changes,regional differences of green development efficiency are analyzed by using the super efficiency SBM model,further through theoretical analysis and empirical study,the influence of technological innovation on regional green development efficiency and its impact mechanism are investigated.The influence mechanisms of the technological innovation on green development efficiency are clarified and empirically tested by spatial econometric models from the perspectives of the growth sources and quantitative analysis.The results show that during the observation period,the green development efficiency in China exhibits a U-shaped variation,but there are huge regional differences with the obvious polarization in Eastern and Midwestern regions,and that technological innovation has some effect in promoting the regional green development efficiency,but not significant enough,which are heterogeneous according to the time periods and regions.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(52088102)the KeyR&DProgram of Shandong Province,China(2021ZLGX04).
文摘1.Introduction The ocean,a vital realm for human existence,encompasses distinct spatial zones,such as the free surface,airspace above the sea,and seabed.It also holds an immense wealth of resources,including oil and gas,renewable energy,minerals,and marine biodiversity,forming a crucial component of global life-support systems and representing a valuable asset for human survival and development[1].Moreover,as shown in Fig.1[2],the ocean sectors offer a critical avenue for contributing to many of the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for global development[3].
文摘This paper focuses on ACF artificial cartilage biomimetic energy-absorbing materials,exploring the entire process from fundamental research to industrial transformation.By analyzing the key nodes and technological breakthroughs in the research and development journey,as well as the market strategies and collaboration models in the transformation practices,this study reveals the profound insights ACF provides to the technological innovation ecosystem in terms of concepts,mechanisms,and resource integration,and constructs a universally applicable and forward-looking paradigm for technological innovation.Aiming to provide comprehensive and in-depth case studies for materials science and the entire technological innovation system,facilitating the innovative development and progress in related areas.
文摘With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology,China has entered the era of artificial intelligence.It not only promotes social development and progress but also faces a series of ethical risks.In response,this article starts from ethical risks,first expounds on the ethical turn in the development of artificial intelligence technology,then clarifies the core challenges of scientific and technological ethics governance in the era of artificial intelligence,and finally,proposes a theoretical framework and practical path for scientific and technological ethics governance,hoping to provide some reference for relevant personnel to better cope with scientific and technological ethics risks in the era of artificial intelligence.
文摘This study investigated the influence of human capital development and technological,strategic,cognitive,and environmental factors on Industry 4.0 readiness,as well as cultural factors acting as a mediator.Respondents were 478 employees from across eight regions in Russia.Survey data were collected on employee technological readiness,human capital development,strategic planning,cognitive perceptions,and environmental and cultural factors influencing the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies,with cultural factors mediating.These findings from the structure equation analysis show that technological factors and human capital development are the strongest predictors of readiness,suggesting that robust digital infrastructure and a skilled workforce are critical for Industry 4.0 adoption.These findings contribute specifically to the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT)by expanding its application to the context of Industry 4.0 adoption.Furthermore,the findings provide practical insights for policymakers and industry leaders,empowering them to enhance technological implementation strategies by identifying areas such as human resource development to improve implementation strategies for Industry 4.0.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42122006, No.41971154, No.42271201Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41731278。
文摘Globalization has resulted in a notable rise in the flow of high-skilled talent from emerging countries to developed nations. Current research on transnational talent flow mainly focuses on the destination countries, with less attention given to the perspective of the sending countries, particularly lacking a dynamic discussion on its impact on technological evolution in the origin countries. Based on the OECD REGPAT database, this paper aims to explore how talent groups migrating to developed countries facilitate the return of knowledge and technology to emerging countries and achieve breakthroughs in their technological evolution paths, while further discussing the potential mechanisms involved. The findings of this paper are as follows:(1) The technological development of emerging countries is a path-dependent process, where countries often branch into new technologies related to their preexisting knowledge base. Consequently, knowledge feedback from high-skilled talents increases the likelihood of sending countries developing unrelated technologies.(2) The mobility of talents across borders fosters more international collaborations and citations for patents that are unrelated to the local knowledge base, thus enriching the technological paths of sending countries.(3) The mobility of high-skilled talents primarily affects complex technologies, which have significant economic effects that encourage imitation by other countries.However, the effect on novel technologies is less significant due to their strong geographical stickiness. In general, this paper addresses the gaps in existing research on talent outflow and the technological evolution of origin countries, providing empirical evidence for the positive role of transnational talent mobility in the technological catch-up of emerging nations.Besides, it offers recommendations for talent export, import, and innovation policy formulation in these countries.
文摘The intertwined challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and conflict require innovative integrated solutions that address both environmental and societal vulnerabilities. Technological innovation offers a transformative pathway for climate change adaptation and peacebuilding, with emphasis on a holistic approach to managing resource conflicts and environmental challenges. This paper explores the synergies between emerging technologies and strategic framework to mitigate climate-induced tensions and foster resilience. It focuses on the application of renewable energy systems to reduce dependence on contested resources, blockchain technology to ensure transparency in climate finance, equitable resource allocation and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance early warning systems for climate-related disaster and conflicts. Additionally, technologies such as precision agriculture and remote sensing empower communities to optimize resource use, adapt to shifting environmental conditions, and reduce competition over scares resources. These innovations with inclusive governance and local capacity-building are very primordial. Ultimately, the convergence of technology, policy, and local participation offers a scalable and replicable model for addressing the dual challenges of environmental degradation and instability, thereby paving the way for a more sustainable and peaceful future.
基金The study on regeneration of invalid amine solvent(RISE2023KY13)。
文摘Since the introduction of the dual carbon goals,countries worldwide have been actively exploring next-generation green and clean energy technologies.E-fuels have gained widespread international attention as an effective supplement to the current energy system and a novel approach to reducing carbon emissions.By tracking and understanding the current status and technological advancements of e-fuels,we can better support the strategic planning of China's new energy initiatives.
文摘With the advent of the era of big data,the exponential growth of data generation has provided unprecedented opportunities for innovation and insight in various fields.However,increasing privacy and security concerns and the existence of the phenomenon of“data silos”limit the collaborative utilization of data.This paper systematically discusses the technological progress of federated learning,including its basic framework,model optimization,communication efficiency improvement,privacy protection mechanism,and integration with other technologies.It then analyzes the broad applications of federated learning in healthcare,the Internet of Things,Internet of Vehicles,smart cities,and financial services,and summarizes its challenges in data heterogeneity,communication overhead,privacy protection,scalability,and security.Finally,this paper looks forward to the future development direction of federated learning and proposes potential research paths in efficient algorithm design,privacy protection mechanism optimization,heterogeneous data processing,and cross-industry collaboration.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Award Number:2346842).
文摘Cryopreservation of living cells and tissues plays a vital role in biomedical research,clinical applications,biotechnology innovation,the development of new vaccines and drugs,and the conservation of endangered species.While significant technological breakthroughs have been achieved in cooling methods-particularly through vitrification for large tissue and organs-the lack of optimal rewarming technology remains a key obstacle to successful cryopreservation,especially for larger samples such as tissues and organs.The primary challenges during the warming process include non-uniformity heating and insufficient rewarming rates,which can lead to thermal stress-induced structural damage and lethal ice recrystallization,ultimately compromising the integrity and functionality of biological materials.In recent years,various advanced warming techniques have emerged,employing different energy conversion approaches to achieve volumetric heating while minimizing the risk of overheating.These techniques involve thermal,mechanical-thermal,and electromagnetic-thermal energy conversions.However,each method presents its own limitation.This review aims to summarize recent advancements in rewarming technologies for cryopreservation,with a focus on their mechanisms,applications,and the key challenges that must be addressed to enable broader adoption in medical and commercial contexts.
基金This paper was supported by Hunan Soft Scientific Researching Project (No.2007ZK3084)
文摘This paper analyzed the relationship between organizational slack and technological innovation strategy in Chinese enterprises through building mathematic model and real options approach. The results show the organizational slack that explored and employed reached to a critical point and can promote enterprises to choose the independent innovation strategy based on R & D (Research and Development); And it is important to identify,explore and employ organizational slack correctly for strengthening the organizational independent innovation capability and raising its performance when the technological innovation strategy based on technological introduction is more and more difficult.
基金This work was supported by the humanities and social sciences project of Ministry of Education in China(20YJC630090)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72072047).
文摘Due to the advantage of developing and bringing to innovative products ahead of competitors,the importance of radical technological innovation is well recognized.Based on the synergy theory,this study examines the effects of technology management(TM)and technological capability(TC)on radical technological innovation,and further explores the impact of the synergy between TM and TC on radical technological innovation.The results show that,firstly,both TM and TC have positive impacts on radical technological innovation,and thus two direct routines of radical technological innovation are identified.Secondly,the synergy between TM and TC also exerts positive impact on radical technological innovation,and this result indicates that the synergy between TM and TC plays an important role in radical technological innovation.This research provides a refreshing perspective on how to stimulate radical technological innovation,and also puts forward some beneficial suggestions for firms to improve radical technological innovation.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51675159,51605135)Central Guided Local Science and Technology Development Project(Grant No.1824-1837G)Ministry of Science and Technology(Grant No.2017IM040100)
文摘Product innovation can be achieved by analyzing leading products patents in the market.Different methods have been proposed for design around patent,commonly using the elimination or replacement of a single patent element However,the existing research fails to restore the position and function of the design around object in the original patent portfolio of enterprises,which often leads to the phenomenon of evading one patent and violating another.This paper proposes a method for design around patent through using the fusion of technologies of the evolution theory and bundle-type patent portfolio analysis in the initial stage of product development.The object system is analyzed to select technical opportunities through the evolutionary path of technologies and functional trimming methods to achieve circumvent barriers of bundle-type patents.The bundle patent portfolio is analyzed for the product evolution with a radar map.The technological evolution path is combined with the TRIZ innovation method to identify and solve the design problem.Patentability of the new design is evaluated using the patent system rules for innovative scheme difference from the original patent portfolio.The method is verified in a case study for the design of a glass-wiping robot.The design solution has been patented.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Pro-gram of China(Grant No.2023YFE0114600)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.52477029)Joint Laboratory of China-Morocco Green Energy and Advanced Materials,The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities and The Xi’an City Science and Technology Project(No.23GXFW0070)。
文摘Floating photovoltaic(FPV)technology is emerging as a highly promising approach to accelerate decarbonization of the global economy,due to its higher power generation efficiency and lower land occupation.With the rapid development of FPV technology,the mechanical performance degradation of key components caused by the harsh marine environment has become a pressing issue,as it significantly contributes to failure behavior observed in FPV systems.A comprehensive compilation of the mechanical performance of key components in FPV systems is also currently unavailable.Here,the mechanical behavior of each structural component in FPV systems under harsh marine environments is systematically reviewed.It further emphasizes the synergistic effects of mechanical performance degradation among different components on the overall system.The drop-off rate(v)of normalized elongation at break(EAB)of polymer under the synergistic effect of various environmental factors increases from 7.5×10^(−4)h^(−1)to 21.8×10^(−4)h^(−1)compared with the single environmental stress.Moreover,the development of novel materials and innovative mechanical structures applied in FPV systems to enhance mechanical performance is discussed.The novel flexible PV modules applied in FPV systems minimize the loads acting on the mooring lines by 80%and increase power generation by 5%.Notably,this paper provides a theoretical foundation for developing standards of FPV systems,especially the establishment of standards related to the synergistic effects of the mechanical performance degradation of different key components on FPV systems.
文摘The continuous casting technological parameters have a great influence on the secondary dendrite arm spacing of the slab, which determines the segregation behavior of materials. Therefore, the identification of technological parameters of continuous casting process directly impacts the property of slab. The relationships between continuous casting technological parameters and cooling rate of slab for spring steel were built using BP neural network model, based on which, the relevant secondary dendrite arm spacing was calculated. The simulation calculation was also carried out using the industrial data. The simulation results show that compared with that of the traditional method, the absolute error of calculation result obtained with BP neural network model reduced from 0. 015 to 0. 0005, and the relative error reduced from 6, 76 % to 0.22 %. BP neural network model had a more precise accuracy in the optimization of continuous casting technological parameters.
基金Project(ZR2014FM036)supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(ZR2010FZ001)supported by the Key Program of Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In order to increase productivity and reduce energy consumption of steelmaking-continuous casting(SCC) production process, especially with complicated technological routes, the cross entropy(CE) method was adopted to optimize the SCC production scheduling(SCCPS) problem. Based on the CE method, a matrix encoding scheme was proposed and a backward decoding method was used to generate a reasonable schedule. To describe the distribution of the solution space, a probability distribution model was built and used to generate individuals. In addition, the probability updating mechanism of the probability distribution model was proposed which helps to find the optimal individual gradually. Because of the poor stability and premature convergence of the standard cross entropy(SCE) algorithm, the improved cross entropy(ICE) algorithm was proposed with the following improvements: individual generation mechanism combined with heuristic rules, retention mechanism of the optimal individual, local search mechanism and dynamic parameters of the algorithm. Simulation experiments validate that the CE method is effective in solving the SCCPS problem with complicated technological routes and the ICE algorithm proposed has superior performance to the SCE algorithm and the genetic algorithm(GA).
基金supported by the Heilongjiang Philosophy and Social Science Research Project (19GLB087)。
文摘This paper employs system dynamics to explore how the synergy between technology management and technological capability affects new product development.The results show that the synergy between technology management and technological capability has positive impact on new product development.Moreover, the leading synergy processes between technology management and technological capability in different new product development stages are different.This paper deepens the theoretical understanding of how to achieve new product development, and also provides useful guidance for firms to implement new product development.
文摘Through the analysis of the operation of China’s agricultural science technological and development process, the paper summed up the basic experience of agricultural science technological park and operation mode, in order to run at all levels of agricultural science technological park of science and regional some beneficial references for the development of agricultural economy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.72204234,72074022]the National Social Science Foundation of China[Grant No.22AZD094]the project for Carbon Neutral General Knowledge Course Construction of China University of Geosciences.
文摘Promoting agricultural modernisation through technological change is an important strategy for China.China's carbon neutrality strategy is leading to systemic socio-economic changes that could exacerbate the uncertainty of agricultural development.Therefore,applying a computable general equilibrium(CGE)model,this study characterises the agricultural sector in detail,introducing endogenous technological change proxied by research and development(R&D)to assess the impact of different technological change scenarios on agricultural development under the carbon neutrality target.The results show that allocating carbon revenue for R&D inputs can mitigate the significant negative impact of achieving carbon neutrality on knowledge capital and production in agricultural sectors.Overall,using carbon revenue only for R&D input in crop sectors has the optimal effect on increasing the agricultural sectors'knowledge capital,improving crop production and profit,reducing crop external dependence and promoting the synergistic reduction of carbon and pollutant emissions.However,this scenario has the largest negative impact on macro-economics and household welfare.In contrast,allocating carbon revenue to promote technological change in broader non-energy sectors or both crops and non-energy sectors can effectively mitigate negative socio-economic impacts,but the positive impact on agricultural development is minimal.These findings provide practical insights for the rational use of carbon revenue to expand agricultural R&D investment and ensure balanced agricultural and economic development under the carbon neutrality target.
文摘This study applies a stochastic frontier production approach to decompose the sources of total productivity (TFP) growth into technical progress and changes in technical efficiency of 8057 firms in Vietnamese manufacturing industries during 2003-2007. Using both total manufacturing industry and sub-manufacturing industrial regressions, the analysis focuses on the trend of technological progress (TP) and technical efficiency change (TEC), and the role of productivity change in economic growth. According to the estimated results, the annual technical progress for the manufacturing industry and sub-manufacturing industries are calculated directly from the estimated parameters of the translog stochastic frontier production function by taking a partial derivative of output with respect to time t. The average technical changes in manufacturing industry and sub-manufacturing industries are positive, with an average technical change about 5.2%, 5.8%, 5.4%, 11.8%, 4.6%, 4.1%, 7.3%, 4.8%, 4.8% and 4.8% for total sample, food products & beverages, textile & wearing apparel, footwear, paper & products, industrial chemicals, rubber & plastic products, non- metallic mineral, basic & fabricated metal and other sub-industries, respectively. Total TFP in the manufacturing sector has grown at the annual rate of 0.052, although the rate of growth decreased continuously during the sample period. For the sub-industry estimates during the sample period, TFP grew fastest in the footwear sub-industry, with annual average growth rate of 11.8%, followed by the rubber & plastic products with a rate of 7.3%, and the food products & beverages with a rate of 5.8% per annum.
基金This research is supported by Shanxi Province Philosophy and Social Science Project(Grant No.W20191012)Shanxi province Soft Science Project(Grant No.2019041015-1).
文摘Under the background of green development,the function direction of technological innovation to green development efficiency,which includes economy,resources and environment,needs to be observed by demonstration.In this paper,the green development efficiency of 30 provinces(cities and districts)in China from 2004 to 2017 is measured and its intertemporal changes,regional differences of green development efficiency are analyzed by using the super efficiency SBM model,further through theoretical analysis and empirical study,the influence of technological innovation on regional green development efficiency and its impact mechanism are investigated.The influence mechanisms of the technological innovation on green development efficiency are clarified and empirically tested by spatial econometric models from the perspectives of the growth sources and quantitative analysis.The results show that during the observation period,the green development efficiency in China exhibits a U-shaped variation,but there are huge regional differences with the obvious polarization in Eastern and Midwestern regions,and that technological innovation has some effect in promoting the regional green development efficiency,but not significant enough,which are heterogeneous according to the time periods and regions.
