The ⅡW is an international non-profit association of national welding and joining societies representing 55countries.Goal for ⅡW Technical Management Board is to identify,create,develop and transfer best practices f...The ⅡW is an international non-profit association of national welding and joining societies representing 55countries.Goal for ⅡW Technical Management Board is to identify,create,develop and transfer best practices for sustainable development in a sustainable environment.This institute provides an international forum for experts and researchers representing transportation,infrastructure,ship and offshore,mechanical engineering and process equipment industries.At the same time,The IIW had published several journals about stress analysis and fatigue de-展开更多
Single-crystal rods with different diameters and deviation angles with respect to the solidification direction were produced by Bridgman rapid solidification method at withdrawal rates of 3 and 6 mm·min^(-1) and ...Single-crystal rods with different diameters and deviation angles with respect to the solidification direction were produced by Bridgman rapid solidification method at withdrawal rates of 3 and 6 mm·min^(-1) and used as grain continuators.The crystallographic orientation of the rods,which cross-sections were perpendicular to the solidification direction at different solidification heights,was measured by electron backscattered diffraction,while the corresponding microstructures were observed by optical microscopy.The mushy zone morphology and the distribution of the temperature gradient were simulated by the finite element analysis software ProCAST.The experimental results indicate that the crystallographic orientation of the single-crystal rods corresponds to the statistical average value of all the dendrite orientations in cross-section.The crystallographic orientation of the primary and secondary dendrites of each single-crystal rod at different cross-sections fluctuates irregularly within a small range(less than 4°).The crystallographic orientation of the dendrite in each single-crystal rod is not exactly consistent with each other and is affected by their branching mode of dendrites in the solidification space.In addition,the simulation results show that the mushy zone shapes and the temperature gradient of single-crystal rods change with the increase of solidification height during the solidification process.Finally,the evolution mechanism of the crystallographic orientations and the corresponding influence factors were analyzed and discussed.展开更多
The hot deformation behavior of 316H stainless steel used in the 4th-generation nuclear systems was investigated by thermal compression tests at 1000–1150 C and 0.01–10 s^(-1).It was found that true stress firstly i...The hot deformation behavior of 316H stainless steel used in the 4th-generation nuclear systems was investigated by thermal compression tests at 1000–1150 C and 0.01–10 s^(-1).It was found that true stress firstly increased and then decreased with the increasing strain rate with a threshold of 1 s^(-1).Electron backscatter diffraction was used to analyze the microstructure evolution.Discontinuous dynamic recrystallization(DDRX)was the dominant dynamic recrystallization(DRX)mechanism,while continuous dynamic recrystallization(CDRX)was the supplementary one.DDRX happened before CDRX and provided additional nucleation sites for the latter.Twin grain boundaries(R3)appeared in DRX grains due to growth accidents.As the length fraction of R3 increased,the coincidence site lattice(CSL)boundary transition began to occur,forming R9 and R27.After the occurrence of full DRX,the growth and annexation of DRX grains were easy to be promoted,in which progress both equiaxed grains and CSL boundaries disappeared.The ideal deformation microstructure with fine and uniform DRX grains,which was accompanied by a high length fraction of CSL boundaries,appeared at 1000℃–0.01 s^(-1),1050℃–0.01–0.1 s^(-1),1100℃–0.1–1 s^(-1) and 1150℃–1–10 s^(-1).That is,the deformation conditions mentioned above were the preferable thermal forming parameters for 316H stainless steel in actual productions.展开更多
The combined application of organic and mineral fertilizers can be a proper way of nutrition management to increase the yield and quality and to mitigate environmental impacts of chemicals and the pertaining costs. Th...The combined application of organic and mineral fertilizers can be a proper way of nutrition management to increase the yield and quality and to mitigate environmental impacts of chemicals and the pertaining costs. The impact of different rates of sulfur-containing humic acid was studied on yield and nutrient uptake of the fruits of olive “Zard” three-year-old trees in a trial based on a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in Shariati College of Tehran, Iran. The studied treatment was sulfur-containing humic acid at four rates of 0, 20, 25 and 30 kg⋅ha−1, which was applied at two stages. The highest fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, N and Cu contents were related to humic acid rate of 20 kg⋅ha−1. The highest fruit length, chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll were observed in control. The highest K, Fe and Mn contents were obtained from plants treated with 30 kg⋅ha−1 humic acid. Plants treated with 25 kg⋅ha−1 exhibited the highest P and Zn contents. All in all, the application of sulfur-containing humic acid at different rates had favorable impacts on quantitative and qualitative traits of olive fruits.展开更多
For heating systems based on electricity storage coupled with solar energy and an air source heat pump(ECSA),choosing the appropriate combination of heat sources according to local conditions is the key to improving e...For heating systems based on electricity storage coupled with solar energy and an air source heat pump(ECSA),choosing the appropriate combination of heat sources according to local conditions is the key to improving economic efficiency.In this paper,four cities in three climatic regions in China were selected,namely Nanjing in the hot summer and cold winter region,Tianjin in the cold region,Shenyang and Harbin in the severe cold winter region.The levelized cost of heat(LCOH)was used as the economic evaluation index,and the energy consumption and emissions of different pollutants were analyzed.TRNSYS software was used to simulate and analyze the system performance.The Hooke-Jeeves optimization algorithm and GenOpt software were used to optimize the system parameters.The results showed that ECSA systemhad an excellent operation effect in cold region and hot summer and cold winter region.Compared with ECS system,the systemenergy consumption,and the emission of different pollutants of ECSA system can be reduced by a maximum of 1.37 times.In cold region,the initial investment in an air source heat pump is higher due to the lower ambient temperature,resulting in an increase in the LOCH value of ECSA system.After the LOCH value of ECSA system in each region was optimized,the heating cost of the system was reduced,but also resulted in an increase in energy consumption and the emission of different pollutant gases.展开更多
Zhongyuan oilfields are mainly located in Dongpu depression,where the geological conditions were extremely complicated and the external stress is abnormally high,the pipe used may fail in the radial direction owing to...Zhongyuan oilfields are mainly located in Dongpu depression,where the geological conditions were extremely complicated and the external stress is abnormally high,the pipe used may fail in the radial direction owing to well shrinkage caused by the creep of salt rock,leading catastrophic economic loss.Therefore this region has been wellkown as a touchstone for high collapse resistance casing since long before.In order to satisfy the requirement for high-collapse strength casing owing to the creep of salt bed stratum in Dongpu Depression region,BG140TT,BG150TT and BG160TT high-strength collapse resistance casing series were developed to better cope with the severe geological conditions.Among the casing series,a BG160TT non-API specification casing with collapse strength not less than 170 MPa were prepared.Up to present,all these high-strength collapse resistance casing have been successfully applied in the Dongpu Depression region.The research concept,mechanical properties,as well as application result were introduced in this paper.展开更多
The combined use of silica fume(SF)and ceramic waste(CW)for the production of mortar is studied.Sand is replaced by 5%,10%,15%and 20%of CW while a fixed 5%percentage(%wt of cement)of SF is used.The results show that t...The combined use of silica fume(SF)and ceramic waste(CW)for the production of mortar is studied.Sand is replaced by 5%,10%,15%and 20%of CW while a fixed 5%percentage(%wt of cement)of SF is used.The results show that the best results are obtained by using silica fume and ceramic waste sand with 15%weight of sand and 5%wt of cement.With the addition of sand ceramic waste(SCW),the mortar compressive strength and density increase,while the porosity displays an opposite trend.The experimental analysis is complemented with theoretical considerations on the matrix strength and related improvements in mechanical behavior.It is shown that the agreement between the experimental values and the estimated values is good.展开更多
Bitumen emulsion sprays have an important part to play in the achievement of durable,efficient road pavement construction.Clearly,spraying of bond coats or tack coats at the interface of the bound layers should improv...Bitumen emulsion sprays have an important part to play in the achievement of durable,efficient road pavement construction.Clearly,spraying of bond coats or tack coats at the interface of the bound layers should improve the likelihood of full bond and of resistance to the entry of water through the layers,both of which are needed to meet the design objectives and for the pavement to continue to function properly.BS 594987 recommends bond coats,which are typically polymer modified bitumen emulsion,as best practice and their use is prevalent for the whole range of paved areas in the UK.Recent work examines the effect of different rates of spread of bitumen emulsion sprays on interlayer adhesion and permeability,and attempts to ascertain whether there are optimum quantities to obtain the desired effects.展开更多
Bitumen emulsion sprays have an important part to play in the achievement of durable,efficient road pavement construction.Clearly,spraying of bond coats or tack coats at the interface of the bound layers should improv...Bitumen emulsion sprays have an important part to play in the achievement of durable,efficient road pavement construction.Clearly,spraying of bond coats or tack coats at the interface of the bound layers should improve the likelihood of full bond and of resistance to the entry of water through the layers,both of which are needed to meet the design objectives and for the pavement to continue to function properly.BS 594987 recommends bond coats,which are typically polymer modified bitumen emulsion,as best practice and their use is prevalent for the whole range of paved areas in the UK.Recent work examines the effect of different rates of spread of bitumen emulsion sprays on interlayer adhesion and permeability,and attempts to ascertain whether there are optimum quantities to obtain the desired effects.展开更多
Background:Vitamin A deficiency is the main problem of public health worldwide demonstrated that 190 million population of preschool children and 122 countries(in Africa and South-East Asia)have vitamin A deficiency,a...Background:Vitamin A deficiency is the main problem of public health worldwide demonstrated that 190 million population of preschool children and 122 countries(in Africa and South-East Asia)have vitamin A deficiency,according to recent estimated research.In Afghanistan,vitamin A supplementation is a key strategy to prevent vitamin A deficiency among young children.Children receive vitamin A supplements as part of National Immunization Days(NID)campaigns.Methods:In this case study,the data was collected from June 15/2015 to February 23/2016,and the final report of the Afghanistan Demographic Health Survey(AfDHS)2015 was released on February 15/2017.All 27,209 children aged 6-59 months who are living with their mothers were included in this study.Who consumed foods rich in vitamin A was not included in this study.Results:The percentages who were given vitamin A supplements in the last 6 months among all children 6-59 months aged.A total of 1,572 children aged among 6-8 months were given vitamin A supplements 670(42.6%)children and comparison with the total community of the study(27,209)children(2.46%).A total of 1,148 children aged among 9-11 months were given vitamin A supplements to 465(40.5%)children and comparison with the total community of the study(27,209)children(1.70%).Conclusion:After following up on more studies,we found that vitamin A deficiency is a public problem,thus it is better to use wheat flour fortification,vitamin A capsule(VAC)supplementation,nutrition education,source of vitamin A,and training of primary healthcare workers on the clinical to prevent and treat the vitamin A deficiency among children.Therefore,we aimed to determine the given vitamin A supplementation among children aged 6-59 months in 33 provinces in Afghanistan,in 2015.展开更多
Pre-harvest desiccation in order to minimize the time of exposure to abiotic factors after physiological maturity is a practice used in the production of quality seeds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the physica...Pre-harvest desiccation in order to minimize the time of exposure to abiotic factors after physiological maturity is a practice used in the production of quality seeds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the physical, physiological and sanitary quality of wheat seeds from plants that received non-selective herbicide application at pre-harvest. For this, the treatments were applied on pre-harvest culture. A completely randomized design was applied. We use the herbicides (glufosinate-ammonium, glyphosate and paraquat), phenological stages of herbicide application (Z-83, Z-85, Z-87, Z-92) and additional treatment (without application). The routine tests that express the physical, physiological and sanitary integrity of seeds were evaluated. For herbicide treatments, there was an 8% and 26% reduction in germination under laboratory conditions for BRS Parrudo and Sinuelo, respectively. Soil emergence was 14% higher for the control treatment, not statistically different for the Z-87 and Z-92 stages and also for the herbicides glufosinate-ammonium and glyphosate for both cultivars. The application of non-selective herbicides on wheat pre-harvest impairs the physical and physiological quality and promotes faster deterioration. Vigor is reduced under stress conditions by cold test and accelerated aging. There is no influence on seed sanity.展开更多
Objective:Almost all leukemia patients died,fortunately now with the advancement of medicine and science and with the advent of treatment Chemotherapy,Radiotherapy,and Surgical treatment 75%of patients with leukemia w...Objective:Almost all leukemia patients died,fortunately now with the advancement of medicine and science and with the advent of treatment Chemotherapy,Radiotherapy,and Surgical treatment 75%of patients with leukemia who need treatment for up to 5 years,live longer than patients with leukemia who do not receive treatment.On the one side,in our country,Afghanistan the number of incidents has increased recently,and on the other side,we do not have data at the national level.Therefore,the child health hospital administration considered the necessary and left me to research this case in the last 6 months of 2018.Methods:This is an observational descriptive study,which observed 10,293 patients that come to the pediatric internal which 300 patients who indicate leukemia,and 200 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),who were admitted to the oncology service of Andhra Gandhi Child Health Hospital in 2018 the study took place.Results:Based on the age we detect less than one year’s 10(5%)patients,1-10 years old 150(75%)patients,and more than 10 years old 40(20%)patients.Based on sex,boys were 120(60%)patients and girls 80(40%)patients.Based on clinical findings,anemia 155(77.5%)patients,fever 130(65%)patients,bleeding 90(45%)patients,spleen thickness 88(44%)patients,liver thickness 73(36.6%)patients,lymph nodes thickness 70(35.55%)patients,great pains 66(33%)patients and nervous system disorders 38(19%)patients.Conclusion:We can say with great conviction that 200 patients out of 10,293 had acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Further studies with prospective nature are required to confirm this observation.展开更多
This paper presents the fresh and hardened properties of high-strength concrete comprising byproduct fine crushed aggregates(FCAs)sourced from the crushing of three different types of rocks,namely granophyre,basalt,an...This paper presents the fresh and hardened properties of high-strength concrete comprising byproduct fine crushed aggregates(FCAs)sourced from the crushing of three different types of rocks,namely granophyre,basalt,and granite.The lowest void contents of the combined fine aggregates were observed when 40%to 60%of natural sand is replaced by the FCAs.By the replacement of 40%FCAs,the slump and bleeding of concrete with a water-to-cement ratio of 0.45 decreased by approximately 15%and 50%,respectively,owing to the relatively high fines content of the FCAs.The 28 d compressive strength of concrete was 50 MPa when 40%FCAs were used.The slight decrease in tensile strength from the FCAs is attributed to the flakiness of the particles.The correlations between the splitting tensile and compressive strengths of normal concrete provided in the AS 3600 and ACI 318 design standards are applicable for concrete using the FCAs as partial replacement of sand.The maximum 56 d drying shrinkage is 520 microstrains,which is significantly less than the recommended limit of 1000 microstrains by AS 3600 for concrete.Therefore,the use of these byproduct FCAs can be considered as a sustainable alternative option for the production of high-strength green concrete.展开更多
文摘The ⅡW is an international non-profit association of national welding and joining societies representing 55countries.Goal for ⅡW Technical Management Board is to identify,create,develop and transfer best practices for sustainable development in a sustainable environment.This institute provides an international forum for experts and researchers representing transportation,infrastructure,ship and offshore,mechanical engineering and process equipment industries.At the same time,The IIW had published several journals about stress analysis and fatigue de-
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51674235)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2017-VI0001-0070 and 2017-VI-0019-0091)。
文摘Single-crystal rods with different diameters and deviation angles with respect to the solidification direction were produced by Bridgman rapid solidification method at withdrawal rates of 3 and 6 mm·min^(-1) and used as grain continuators.The crystallographic orientation of the rods,which cross-sections were perpendicular to the solidification direction at different solidification heights,was measured by electron backscattered diffraction,while the corresponding microstructures were observed by optical microscopy.The mushy zone morphology and the distribution of the temperature gradient were simulated by the finite element analysis software ProCAST.The experimental results indicate that the crystallographic orientation of the single-crystal rods corresponds to the statistical average value of all the dendrite orientations in cross-section.The crystallographic orientation of the primary and secondary dendrites of each single-crystal rod at different cross-sections fluctuates irregularly within a small range(less than 4°).The crystallographic orientation of the dendrite in each single-crystal rod is not exactly consistent with each other and is affected by their branching mode of dendrites in the solidification space.In addition,the simulation results show that the mushy zone shapes and the temperature gradient of single-crystal rods change with the increase of solidification height during the solidification process.Finally,the evolution mechanism of the crystallographic orientations and the corresponding influence factors were analyzed and discussed.
基金This work was supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M661738)Opening Project of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology(No.ASMA202002)Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.SJCX21_1703).
文摘The hot deformation behavior of 316H stainless steel used in the 4th-generation nuclear systems was investigated by thermal compression tests at 1000–1150 C and 0.01–10 s^(-1).It was found that true stress firstly increased and then decreased with the increasing strain rate with a threshold of 1 s^(-1).Electron backscatter diffraction was used to analyze the microstructure evolution.Discontinuous dynamic recrystallization(DDRX)was the dominant dynamic recrystallization(DRX)mechanism,while continuous dynamic recrystallization(CDRX)was the supplementary one.DDRX happened before CDRX and provided additional nucleation sites for the latter.Twin grain boundaries(R3)appeared in DRX grains due to growth accidents.As the length fraction of R3 increased,the coincidence site lattice(CSL)boundary transition began to occur,forming R9 and R27.After the occurrence of full DRX,the growth and annexation of DRX grains were easy to be promoted,in which progress both equiaxed grains and CSL boundaries disappeared.The ideal deformation microstructure with fine and uniform DRX grains,which was accompanied by a high length fraction of CSL boundaries,appeared at 1000℃–0.01 s^(-1),1050℃–0.01–0.1 s^(-1),1100℃–0.1–1 s^(-1) and 1150℃–1–10 s^(-1).That is,the deformation conditions mentioned above were the preferable thermal forming parameters for 316H stainless steel in actual productions.
文摘The combined application of organic and mineral fertilizers can be a proper way of nutrition management to increase the yield and quality and to mitigate environmental impacts of chemicals and the pertaining costs. The impact of different rates of sulfur-containing humic acid was studied on yield and nutrient uptake of the fruits of olive “Zard” three-year-old trees in a trial based on a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in Shariati College of Tehran, Iran. The studied treatment was sulfur-containing humic acid at four rates of 0, 20, 25 and 30 kg⋅ha−1, which was applied at two stages. The highest fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, N and Cu contents were related to humic acid rate of 20 kg⋅ha−1. The highest fruit length, chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll were observed in control. The highest K, Fe and Mn contents were obtained from plants treated with 30 kg⋅ha−1 humic acid. Plants treated with 25 kg⋅ha−1 exhibited the highest P and Zn contents. All in all, the application of sulfur-containing humic acid at different rates had favorable impacts on quantitative and qualitative traits of olive fruits.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFE0193200 KY202001)Science and Technology Planning Project of Beijing(No.Z201100008320001 KY191004).
文摘For heating systems based on electricity storage coupled with solar energy and an air source heat pump(ECSA),choosing the appropriate combination of heat sources according to local conditions is the key to improving economic efficiency.In this paper,four cities in three climatic regions in China were selected,namely Nanjing in the hot summer and cold winter region,Tianjin in the cold region,Shenyang and Harbin in the severe cold winter region.The levelized cost of heat(LCOH)was used as the economic evaluation index,and the energy consumption and emissions of different pollutants were analyzed.TRNSYS software was used to simulate and analyze the system performance.The Hooke-Jeeves optimization algorithm and GenOpt software were used to optimize the system parameters.The results showed that ECSA systemhad an excellent operation effect in cold region and hot summer and cold winter region.Compared with ECS system,the systemenergy consumption,and the emission of different pollutants of ECSA system can be reduced by a maximum of 1.37 times.In cold region,the initial investment in an air source heat pump is higher due to the lower ambient temperature,resulting in an increase in the LOCH value of ECSA system.After the LOCH value of ECSA system in each region was optimized,the heating cost of the system was reduced,but also resulted in an increase in energy consumption and the emission of different pollutant gases.
文摘Zhongyuan oilfields are mainly located in Dongpu depression,where the geological conditions were extremely complicated and the external stress is abnormally high,the pipe used may fail in the radial direction owing to well shrinkage caused by the creep of salt rock,leading catastrophic economic loss.Therefore this region has been wellkown as a touchstone for high collapse resistance casing since long before.In order to satisfy the requirement for high-collapse strength casing owing to the creep of salt bed stratum in Dongpu Depression region,BG140TT,BG150TT and BG160TT high-strength collapse resistance casing series were developed to better cope with the severe geological conditions.Among the casing series,a BG160TT non-API specification casing with collapse strength not less than 170 MPa were prepared.Up to present,all these high-strength collapse resistance casing have been successfully applied in the Dongpu Depression region.The research concept,mechanical properties,as well as application result were introduced in this paper.
文摘The combined use of silica fume(SF)and ceramic waste(CW)for the production of mortar is studied.Sand is replaced by 5%,10%,15%and 20%of CW while a fixed 5%percentage(%wt of cement)of SF is used.The results show that the best results are obtained by using silica fume and ceramic waste sand with 15%weight of sand and 5%wt of cement.With the addition of sand ceramic waste(SCW),the mortar compressive strength and density increase,while the porosity displays an opposite trend.The experimental analysis is complemented with theoretical considerations on the matrix strength and related improvements in mechanical behavior.It is shown that the agreement between the experimental values and the estimated values is good.
文摘Bitumen emulsion sprays have an important part to play in the achievement of durable,efficient road pavement construction.Clearly,spraying of bond coats or tack coats at the interface of the bound layers should improve the likelihood of full bond and of resistance to the entry of water through the layers,both of which are needed to meet the design objectives and for the pavement to continue to function properly.BS 594987 recommends bond coats,which are typically polymer modified bitumen emulsion,as best practice and their use is prevalent for the whole range of paved areas in the UK.Recent work examines the effect of different rates of spread of bitumen emulsion sprays on interlayer adhesion and permeability,and attempts to ascertain whether there are optimum quantities to obtain the desired effects.
文摘Bitumen emulsion sprays have an important part to play in the achievement of durable,efficient road pavement construction.Clearly,spraying of bond coats or tack coats at the interface of the bound layers should improve the likelihood of full bond and of resistance to the entry of water through the layers,both of which are needed to meet the design objectives and for the pavement to continue to function properly.BS 594987 recommends bond coats,which are typically polymer modified bitumen emulsion,as best practice and their use is prevalent for the whole range of paved areas in the UK.Recent work examines the effect of different rates of spread of bitumen emulsion sprays on interlayer adhesion and permeability,and attempts to ascertain whether there are optimum quantities to obtain the desired effects.
文摘Background:Vitamin A deficiency is the main problem of public health worldwide demonstrated that 190 million population of preschool children and 122 countries(in Africa and South-East Asia)have vitamin A deficiency,according to recent estimated research.In Afghanistan,vitamin A supplementation is a key strategy to prevent vitamin A deficiency among young children.Children receive vitamin A supplements as part of National Immunization Days(NID)campaigns.Methods:In this case study,the data was collected from June 15/2015 to February 23/2016,and the final report of the Afghanistan Demographic Health Survey(AfDHS)2015 was released on February 15/2017.All 27,209 children aged 6-59 months who are living with their mothers were included in this study.Who consumed foods rich in vitamin A was not included in this study.Results:The percentages who were given vitamin A supplements in the last 6 months among all children 6-59 months aged.A total of 1,572 children aged among 6-8 months were given vitamin A supplements 670(42.6%)children and comparison with the total community of the study(27,209)children(2.46%).A total of 1,148 children aged among 9-11 months were given vitamin A supplements to 465(40.5%)children and comparison with the total community of the study(27,209)children(1.70%).Conclusion:After following up on more studies,we found that vitamin A deficiency is a public problem,thus it is better to use wheat flour fortification,vitamin A capsule(VAC)supplementation,nutrition education,source of vitamin A,and training of primary healthcare workers on the clinical to prevent and treat the vitamin A deficiency among children.Therefore,we aimed to determine the given vitamin A supplementation among children aged 6-59 months in 33 provinces in Afghanistan,in 2015.
基金the Higher-Level Personnel Improvement Coordination(Capes-Brazil)for the scholarship provided,The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq).
文摘Pre-harvest desiccation in order to minimize the time of exposure to abiotic factors after physiological maturity is a practice used in the production of quality seeds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the physical, physiological and sanitary quality of wheat seeds from plants that received non-selective herbicide application at pre-harvest. For this, the treatments were applied on pre-harvest culture. A completely randomized design was applied. We use the herbicides (glufosinate-ammonium, glyphosate and paraquat), phenological stages of herbicide application (Z-83, Z-85, Z-87, Z-92) and additional treatment (without application). The routine tests that express the physical, physiological and sanitary integrity of seeds were evaluated. For herbicide treatments, there was an 8% and 26% reduction in germination under laboratory conditions for BRS Parrudo and Sinuelo, respectively. Soil emergence was 14% higher for the control treatment, not statistically different for the Z-87 and Z-92 stages and also for the herbicides glufosinate-ammonium and glyphosate for both cultivars. The application of non-selective herbicides on wheat pre-harvest impairs the physical and physiological quality and promotes faster deterioration. Vigor is reduced under stress conditions by cold test and accelerated aging. There is no influence on seed sanity.
文摘Objective:Almost all leukemia patients died,fortunately now with the advancement of medicine and science and with the advent of treatment Chemotherapy,Radiotherapy,and Surgical treatment 75%of patients with leukemia who need treatment for up to 5 years,live longer than patients with leukemia who do not receive treatment.On the one side,in our country,Afghanistan the number of incidents has increased recently,and on the other side,we do not have data at the national level.Therefore,the child health hospital administration considered the necessary and left me to research this case in the last 6 months of 2018.Methods:This is an observational descriptive study,which observed 10,293 patients that come to the pediatric internal which 300 patients who indicate leukemia,and 200 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),who were admitted to the oncology service of Andhra Gandhi Child Health Hospital in 2018 the study took place.Results:Based on the age we detect less than one year’s 10(5%)patients,1-10 years old 150(75%)patients,and more than 10 years old 40(20%)patients.Based on sex,boys were 120(60%)patients and girls 80(40%)patients.Based on clinical findings,anemia 155(77.5%)patients,fever 130(65%)patients,bleeding 90(45%)patients,spleen thickness 88(44%)patients,liver thickness 73(36.6%)patients,lymph nodes thickness 70(35.55%)patients,great pains 66(33%)patients and nervous system disorders 38(19%)patients.Conclusion:We can say with great conviction that 200 patients out of 10,293 had acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Further studies with prospective nature are required to confirm this observation.
文摘This paper presents the fresh and hardened properties of high-strength concrete comprising byproduct fine crushed aggregates(FCAs)sourced from the crushing of three different types of rocks,namely granophyre,basalt,and granite.The lowest void contents of the combined fine aggregates were observed when 40%to 60%of natural sand is replaced by the FCAs.By the replacement of 40%FCAs,the slump and bleeding of concrete with a water-to-cement ratio of 0.45 decreased by approximately 15%and 50%,respectively,owing to the relatively high fines content of the FCAs.The 28 d compressive strength of concrete was 50 MPa when 40%FCAs were used.The slight decrease in tensile strength from the FCAs is attributed to the flakiness of the particles.The correlations between the splitting tensile and compressive strengths of normal concrete provided in the AS 3600 and ACI 318 design standards are applicable for concrete using the FCAs as partial replacement of sand.The maximum 56 d drying shrinkage is 520 microstrains,which is significantly less than the recommended limit of 1000 microstrains by AS 3600 for concrete.Therefore,the use of these byproduct FCAs can be considered as a sustainable alternative option for the production of high-strength green concrete.
