The field of mycology has grown from an underappreciated subset of botany,to a valuable,modern scientific discipline.As this field of study has grown,there have been significant contributions to science,technology,and...The field of mycology has grown from an underappreciated subset of botany,to a valuable,modern scientific discipline.As this field of study has grown,there have been significant contributions to science,technology,and industry,highlighting the value of fungi in the modern era.This paper looks at the current research,along with the existing limitations,and suggests future areas where scientists can focus their efforts,in the field mycology.We show how fungi have become important emerging diseases in medical mycology.We discuss current trends and the potential of fungi in drug and novel compound discovery.We explore the current trends in phylogenomics,its potential,and outcomes and address the question of how phylogenomics can be applied in fungal ecology.In addition,the trends in functional genomics studies of fungi are discussed with their importance in unravelling the intricate mechanisms underlying fungal behaviour,interactions,and adaptations,paving the way for a comprehensive understanding of fungal biology.We look at the current research in building materials,how they can be used as carbon sinks,and how fungi can be used in biocircular economies.The numbers of fungi have always been of great interest and have often been written about and estimates have varied greatly.Thus,we discuss current trends and future research needs in order to obtain more reliable estimates.We address the aspects of machine learning(AI)and how it can be used in mycological research.Plant pathogens are affecting food production systems on a global scale,and as such,we look at the current trends and future research needed in this area,particularly in disease detection.We look at the latest data from High Throughput Sequencing studies and question if we are still gaining new knowledge at the same rate as before.A review of current trends in nanotechnology is provided and its future potential is addressed.The importance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi is addressed and future trends are acknowledged.Fungal databases are becoming more and more important,and we therefore provide a review of the current major databases.Edible and medicinal fungi have a huge potential as food and medicines,especially in Asia and their prospects are discussed.Lifestyle changes in fungi(e.g.,from endophytes,to pathogens,and/or saprobes)are also extremely important and a current research trend and are therefore addressed in this special issue of Fungal Diversity.展开更多
Molecular phylogenies using 1–4 gene regions and information on ecology,morphology and pigment chemistry were used in a partial revision of the agaric family Hygrophoraceae.The phylogenetically supported genera we re...Molecular phylogenies using 1–4 gene regions and information on ecology,morphology and pigment chemistry were used in a partial revision of the agaric family Hygrophoraceae.The phylogenetically supported genera we recognize here in the Hygrophoraceae based on these and previous analyses are:Acantholichen,Ampulloclitocybe,Arrhenia,Cantharellula,Cantharocybe,Chromosera,Chrysomphalina,Cora,Corella,Cuphophyllus,Cyphellostereum,Dictyonema,Eonema,Gliophorus,Haasiella,Humidicutis,Hygroaster,Hygrocybe,Hygrophorus,Lichenomphalia,Neohygrocybe,Porpolomopsis and Pseudoarmillariella.A new genus that is sister to Chromosera is described as Gloioxanthomyces.Revisions were made at the ranks of subfamily,tribe,genus,subgenus,section and subsection.We present three new subfamilies,eight tribes(five new),eight subgenera(one new,one new combination and one stat.nov.),26 sections(five new and three new combinations and two stat.nov.)and 14 subsections(two new,two stat.nov.).Species of Chromosera,Gliophorus,Humidicutis,and Neohygrocybe are often treated within the genus Hygrocybe;we therefore provide valid names in both classification systems.We used a minimalist approach in transferring genera and creating new names and combinations.Consequently,we retain in the Hygrophoraceae the basal cuphophylloid grade comprising the genera Cuphophyllus,Ampulloclitocybe andCantharocybe,despite weak phylogenetic support.We include Aeruginospora and Semiomphalina in Hygrophoraceae based on morphology though molecular data are lacking.The lower hygrophoroid clade is basal to Hygrophoraceae s.s.,comprising the genera Aphroditeola,Macrotyphula,Phyllotopsis,Pleurocybella,Sarcomyxa,Tricholomopsis and Typhula.展开更多
基金funding provided by FCT|FCCN(b-on)This study is supported by Major science and technology projects and key R&D plans/programs,Yunnan Province(202202AE090001)+4 种基金The open research project of“Cross-Cooperative Team”of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.292019312511043)The Biodiversity Survey and Assessment Project of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment,PR China(2019HJ2096001006)The National Research Council of Thailand(NRCT)grant“Total fungal diversity in a given forest area with implications towards species numbers,chemical diversity and biotechnology”(Grant No.N42A650547)Didsanutda Gonkhom thanks the support from Research and researcher for industries(Grant No.PHD62I0018/2562).We thank Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Flexible Talent Introduction Program-(E16441)The authors extend their appreciation to the International Scientific Partnership Program ISPP at King Saud University for funding this research work through ISPP-151.
文摘The field of mycology has grown from an underappreciated subset of botany,to a valuable,modern scientific discipline.As this field of study has grown,there have been significant contributions to science,technology,and industry,highlighting the value of fungi in the modern era.This paper looks at the current research,along with the existing limitations,and suggests future areas where scientists can focus their efforts,in the field mycology.We show how fungi have become important emerging diseases in medical mycology.We discuss current trends and the potential of fungi in drug and novel compound discovery.We explore the current trends in phylogenomics,its potential,and outcomes and address the question of how phylogenomics can be applied in fungal ecology.In addition,the trends in functional genomics studies of fungi are discussed with their importance in unravelling the intricate mechanisms underlying fungal behaviour,interactions,and adaptations,paving the way for a comprehensive understanding of fungal biology.We look at the current research in building materials,how they can be used as carbon sinks,and how fungi can be used in biocircular economies.The numbers of fungi have always been of great interest and have often been written about and estimates have varied greatly.Thus,we discuss current trends and future research needs in order to obtain more reliable estimates.We address the aspects of machine learning(AI)and how it can be used in mycological research.Plant pathogens are affecting food production systems on a global scale,and as such,we look at the current trends and future research needed in this area,particularly in disease detection.We look at the latest data from High Throughput Sequencing studies and question if we are still gaining new knowledge at the same rate as before.A review of current trends in nanotechnology is provided and its future potential is addressed.The importance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi is addressed and future trends are acknowledged.Fungal databases are becoming more and more important,and we therefore provide a review of the current major databases.Edible and medicinal fungi have a huge potential as food and medicines,especially in Asia and their prospects are discussed.Lifestyle changes in fungi(e.g.,from endophytes,to pathogens,and/or saprobes)are also extremely important and a current research trend and are therefore addressed in this special issue of Fungal Diversity.
基金This work was not directly supported by grants,but the following grants were essential in obtaining collections and some sequences used in this work:US NSF Biodiversity Surveys and Inventories Program grants to the Research Foundation of the State University of New York,College at Cortland(DEB-9525902 and DEB-0103621),in collaboration with the USDA-Forest Service,Center for Forest Mycology Research,Forest Products Laboratory in Madison supported collecting in Belize,the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico.US NSF grant DBI 6338699 to K.W.Hughes and R.H.Peterson at the University of Tennessee,Knoxville supported collecting by E.Lickey,D.J.Lodge,K.W.Hughes,R.Kerrigan,A.Methven,V.P.Hustedt,P.B.Matheny and R.H.Petersen in the Great Smoky Mountain National Park,and sequencing by K.W.Hughes and Lickey.A National Geographic Society’s Committee for Research and Exploration grant to T.J.Baroni(SUNY Cortland)supported the 2007 expedition to Doyle’s Delight in Belize by M.C.Aime,T.J.Baroni and D.J.Lodge.An Explorer’s Club,Washington Group Exploration and Field Research Grant to M.C.Aime and a National Geographic Society’s Committee for Research and Exploration grant to T.Henkel supported collecting in Guyana.
文摘Molecular phylogenies using 1–4 gene regions and information on ecology,morphology and pigment chemistry were used in a partial revision of the agaric family Hygrophoraceae.The phylogenetically supported genera we recognize here in the Hygrophoraceae based on these and previous analyses are:Acantholichen,Ampulloclitocybe,Arrhenia,Cantharellula,Cantharocybe,Chromosera,Chrysomphalina,Cora,Corella,Cuphophyllus,Cyphellostereum,Dictyonema,Eonema,Gliophorus,Haasiella,Humidicutis,Hygroaster,Hygrocybe,Hygrophorus,Lichenomphalia,Neohygrocybe,Porpolomopsis and Pseudoarmillariella.A new genus that is sister to Chromosera is described as Gloioxanthomyces.Revisions were made at the ranks of subfamily,tribe,genus,subgenus,section and subsection.We present three new subfamilies,eight tribes(five new),eight subgenera(one new,one new combination and one stat.nov.),26 sections(five new and three new combinations and two stat.nov.)and 14 subsections(two new,two stat.nov.).Species of Chromosera,Gliophorus,Humidicutis,and Neohygrocybe are often treated within the genus Hygrocybe;we therefore provide valid names in both classification systems.We used a minimalist approach in transferring genera and creating new names and combinations.Consequently,we retain in the Hygrophoraceae the basal cuphophylloid grade comprising the genera Cuphophyllus,Ampulloclitocybe andCantharocybe,despite weak phylogenetic support.We include Aeruginospora and Semiomphalina in Hygrophoraceae based on morphology though molecular data are lacking.The lower hygrophoroid clade is basal to Hygrophoraceae s.s.,comprising the genera Aphroditeola,Macrotyphula,Phyllotopsis,Pleurocybella,Sarcomyxa,Tricholomopsis and Typhula.
