As a cultural concept refl ecting the relationship between humans and forests,forest culture plays an active role in sustainable forest management.Forest parks provide a wide range of ecosystem services essential for ...As a cultural concept refl ecting the relationship between humans and forests,forest culture plays an active role in sustainable forest management.Forest parks provide a wide range of ecosystem services essential for the sustainable development of society,and the relationships between forest culture,green construction and management of forest parks have practical signifi cance.This study aimed to understand the interaction and process of forest culture infl uencing green construction and management in forest parks with the models Knowledge-Attitude-Practice(KAP)and Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB)by proposing a theoretical model.Four hypotheses were tested using data collected from 193 forest park employees in Heilongjiang Province,China.Our results show that forest culture had a signifi cant infl uence on green construction and forest management.In addition,subjective norm and perceived behavioral control directly impacted behavior in green construction and management of the forest park,whereas attitude did not have an impact.Subjective norm had a direct eff ect on attitude.Results between constructs show that forest culture had an indirect eff ect on planning and construction,and on ecological and economic management.Consequently,it supported three of four hypotheses within the proposed model in determining the infl uence of forest culture on green construction and management.展开更多
Take Chinese yew cooperative organization for example,different game structures of forestry cooperation model were analyzed,the elative merit and applicable occasion was discussed combined with empirical investigation...Take Chinese yew cooperative organization for example,different game structures of forestry cooperation model were analyzed,the elative merit and applicable occasion was discussed combined with empirical investigation,and some suggestions were given also.The results showed that depending entirely on normal forest farmers cooperate spontaneously is difficult.Policies should be designed from the perspective of promoted village cadres and influential family salons to cooperation.When market factors become the main obstacle,it is necessary to introduce companies,relax constraints of forest management and build the right market atmosphere.According to unequal status of company and forest farmers,develop the cooperation model of " company + cooperation organization + farmers".In certain circumstances,especially there are several companies vicious competition,the intervention of association can play a coordinating role.展开更多
So far there is a lack of specialized research on the entire path and the law of the evolution of green economy modes,especially studies on its future trend.Some studies have been done only on its sub-process,in which...So far there is a lack of specialized research on the entire path and the law of the evolution of green economy modes,especially studies on its future trend.Some studies have been done only on its sub-process,in which there are some shortcomings such as overlapping and incomplete classification of economy modes,as well as the lack of mechanism models to describe the modes.This paper attempts to solve those problems.Firstly,various green economy modes are extracted and classified,and then their evolution paths are identified and reviewed,according to sustainable development theory,hypercycle theory,etc.,and to practical investigation.Secondly,theoretical models for each green economy mode and their multilevel dynamic evolution models in a practical field(forestry as an example)are established by the modeling method of system structure.Finally,the evolution law of green economy mode is analyzed systematically by means of the above-mentioned models.According to the research,some conclusions are drawn as follows:First,green economy modes have evolved through three stages as a whole.The first is the start-up stage,in which the mode is the‘from cradle to grave’end-treatment green economy(GE-I).The second is the growth stage,in which the mode is the‘from cradle to cradle’resources-chain closed-loop green economy(GE-Ⅱ).The third is the mature stage,in which the mode will be the‘from breeding to breeding‘three-chain hypercycle economy(GE-Ⅲ).Second,GEⅡhas evolved through a specific process.In depth,the basic framework of GEⅡis based on the circular economy theory;and then it is combined gradually with some other relevant theories and technologies that are cleaner production,low-carbon economy and sharing economy and so on.In breadth,GE-Ⅱis expanded layer by layer from unified enterprise GE-Ⅱto diversified enterprise(or cluster)GE-Ⅱ,and to societal GE-Ⅱ.The operational principle of GE-Ⅱcan be described by 3R theoretical model that includes 3 subsystems of reduction,recycle and reuse(3R),which are connected into an organic whole by resources chain.Third,GE-Ⅲis evolving through a specific process of three-chain(3C)stage by stage expansion,from resources-chain primary hypercycle to eco-chain secondary hypercycle,and to value-chain tertiary hypercycle.The operational principle of GE-Ⅲcan be described by 5R-3C theoretical model that includes 5 subsystems of reduction,recycle,reuse,recultivation and reallocation(5R),which are connected into an environment-economy self organizing system by resources chain,ecochain and value chain.In the system,resources chain is the foundation,eco-chain is the support,and value chain is the impetus.The 3C hypercycle promotes and catalyze each other to realize mutualism between ecosystem and industrial system.Fourth,the related field of GEⅢincludes the principal part of renewable-resource-based industry,and the expanded part of other relevant industries and even the whole society.Now in practice,GE-Ⅲhas initially formed.And in the future,it is the development tendency of green economy toward the establishment of the ecological civilization.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.71673136).
文摘As a cultural concept refl ecting the relationship between humans and forests,forest culture plays an active role in sustainable forest management.Forest parks provide a wide range of ecosystem services essential for the sustainable development of society,and the relationships between forest culture,green construction and management of forest parks have practical signifi cance.This study aimed to understand the interaction and process of forest culture infl uencing green construction and management in forest parks with the models Knowledge-Attitude-Practice(KAP)and Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB)by proposing a theoretical model.Four hypotheses were tested using data collected from 193 forest park employees in Heilongjiang Province,China.Our results show that forest culture had a signifi cant infl uence on green construction and forest management.In addition,subjective norm and perceived behavioral control directly impacted behavior in green construction and management of the forest park,whereas attitude did not have an impact.Subjective norm had a direct eff ect on attitude.Results between constructs show that forest culture had an indirect eff ect on planning and construction,and on ecological and economic management.Consequently,it supported three of four hypotheses within the proposed model in determining the infl uence of forest culture on green construction and management.
基金Supported by the Youth Program of Humanities of Education Department(12YJCZH273,11YJCZH199)Humanity Planning Program of Education Department(12YJA790003)
文摘Take Chinese yew cooperative organization for example,different game structures of forestry cooperation model were analyzed,the elative merit and applicable occasion was discussed combined with empirical investigation,and some suggestions were given also.The results showed that depending entirely on normal forest farmers cooperate spontaneously is difficult.Policies should be designed from the perspective of promoted village cadres and influential family salons to cooperation.When market factors become the main obstacle,it is necessary to introduce companies,relax constraints of forest management and build the right market atmosphere.According to unequal status of company and forest farmers,develop the cooperation model of " company + cooperation organization + farmers".In certain circumstances,especially there are several companies vicious competition,the intervention of association can play a coordinating role.
文摘So far there is a lack of specialized research on the entire path and the law of the evolution of green economy modes,especially studies on its future trend.Some studies have been done only on its sub-process,in which there are some shortcomings such as overlapping and incomplete classification of economy modes,as well as the lack of mechanism models to describe the modes.This paper attempts to solve those problems.Firstly,various green economy modes are extracted and classified,and then their evolution paths are identified and reviewed,according to sustainable development theory,hypercycle theory,etc.,and to practical investigation.Secondly,theoretical models for each green economy mode and their multilevel dynamic evolution models in a practical field(forestry as an example)are established by the modeling method of system structure.Finally,the evolution law of green economy mode is analyzed systematically by means of the above-mentioned models.According to the research,some conclusions are drawn as follows:First,green economy modes have evolved through three stages as a whole.The first is the start-up stage,in which the mode is the‘from cradle to grave’end-treatment green economy(GE-I).The second is the growth stage,in which the mode is the‘from cradle to cradle’resources-chain closed-loop green economy(GE-Ⅱ).The third is the mature stage,in which the mode will be the‘from breeding to breeding‘three-chain hypercycle economy(GE-Ⅲ).Second,GEⅡhas evolved through a specific process.In depth,the basic framework of GEⅡis based on the circular economy theory;and then it is combined gradually with some other relevant theories and technologies that are cleaner production,low-carbon economy and sharing economy and so on.In breadth,GE-Ⅱis expanded layer by layer from unified enterprise GE-Ⅱto diversified enterprise(or cluster)GE-Ⅱ,and to societal GE-Ⅱ.The operational principle of GE-Ⅱcan be described by 3R theoretical model that includes 3 subsystems of reduction,recycle and reuse(3R),which are connected into an organic whole by resources chain.Third,GE-Ⅲis evolving through a specific process of three-chain(3C)stage by stage expansion,from resources-chain primary hypercycle to eco-chain secondary hypercycle,and to value-chain tertiary hypercycle.The operational principle of GE-Ⅲcan be described by 5R-3C theoretical model that includes 5 subsystems of reduction,recycle,reuse,recultivation and reallocation(5R),which are connected into an environment-economy self organizing system by resources chain,ecochain and value chain.In the system,resources chain is the foundation,eco-chain is the support,and value chain is the impetus.The 3C hypercycle promotes and catalyze each other to realize mutualism between ecosystem and industrial system.Fourth,the related field of GEⅢincludes the principal part of renewable-resource-based industry,and the expanded part of other relevant industries and even the whole society.Now in practice,GE-Ⅲhas initially formed.And in the future,it is the development tendency of green economy toward the establishment of the ecological civilization.
