Objective:The effectiveness of chemotherapy is affected by tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance mechanisms;however,there are certain limitations.Electroacupuncture can regulate the tumor immune response and restore...Objective:The effectiveness of chemotherapy is affected by tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance mechanisms;however,there are certain limitations.Electroacupuncture can regulate the tumor immune response and restore bone marrow hematopoietic function,which is affected by chemotherapy.This study investigated the efficacy and mechanism of electroacupuncture combined with cisplatin in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer mice.Methods:To establish a mouse model of non-small-cell lung cancer,gene sequencing combined with bioinformatics analysis,flow cytometry,and liquid-phase chips was used to observe the expression of immune cells and related factors in the mouse tumor microenvironment.Flow cytometry was used to observe subpopulations of mouse bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells.PAC1 receptor agonists were used to observe mouse tumor immunity and bone marrow hematopoiesis-related indicators.Results:The combination of electroacupuncture with high-and low-dose chemotherapy had a better tumor-suppressive effect.Electroacupuncture can affect the gene expression profile of immune cells,especially the expression levels of Ccr1,Cxcr5,Zbp1,and CamkIIα,and increases the levels of interferon-γ(IFN-γ)and interleukin(IL)-2 protein,upregulating the levels of cytokines Ccl4,Ccl3,and IL-6 in the tumor tissue.Additionally,electroacupuncture enhanced the infiltration of CD8+T cells,dendritic cells,and M1-type macrophages at the tumor site,and reduced the proportion of Th17 and Treg cells.Furthermore,electroacupuncture remodels the bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment after chemotherapy by increasing the number of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell subsets,leukocytes,and subpopulations in the peripheral blood.PAC1 receptor agonists have similar effects to those of electroacupuncture on hematopoietic protection and tumor immunity after chemotherapy.Conclusions:Electroacupuncture may improve chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression,reshape the tumor microenvironment immune response affected by chemotherapy,and change the tumor immune microenvironment to an anti-tumor mode by regulating tumor local immune-related cytokines.The PAC1 receptor may be a drug target for the treatment of myelosuppression and immunosuppression in patients with tumors.展开更多
In the field of pediatric nursing, in the perinatal period, numerous ethical issues arise alongside the advancement of medical technology. However, sufficient education on bioethics is not provided in the pediatric nu...In the field of pediatric nursing, in the perinatal period, numerous ethical issues arise alongside the advancement of medical technology. However, sufficient education on bioethics is not provided in the pediatric nursing domain of basic nursing education. The purpose of this research is to examine the current status of bioethics education in the pediatric nursing domain of basic nursing education and explore the challenges perceived by the pediatric nursing faculty regarding bioethics education. The research method was a questionnaire survey on 100 randomly selected pediatric nursing faculty members from nursing universities across Japan. The results revealed that although bioethics issues were considered important, the emphasis remained primarily on addressing bioethics as part of nursing that respects children’s rights. Furthermore, respondents expressed difficulties regarding teaching methods and content related to bioethics.展开更多
In this study, to explore the radiation protection effects of Lyophyllum Decastes Sing （LDS）, a hot distilled-water extract of LDS was orally administered at a dosage of 250mg/kg every other day for a period of 2 we...In this study, to explore the radiation protection effects of Lyophyllum Decastes Sing （LDS）, a hot distilled-water extract of LDS was orally administered at a dosage of 250mg/kg every other day for a period of 2 weeks in irradiated mice. An automatic blood cell counter was used to measure white blood cells （lymphocytes, monocyte, and granulocytes） one day before X-ray irradiation, and 3 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, 7 days, 15 days and 30 days after irradiation. The Dunnett test was used to examine statistical significance of differences. The peripheral blood cell counts in the Lyophyllum-administered non-irradiation group revealed an increase in the numbers of ieukocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes. For 2 Gy whole body radiation, a significant statistical difference was found between the X-ray group and the Lyophyllum plus X-ray group in the numbers of leukocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes. The results suggest that Lyophyllum restrains blood cell-count falling after irradiation, which is probably mediated at least in part by hemopoietic function, and NK and LAK activities seems to play a role in preventing secondary irffections associated with irradiation.展开更多
The effects of acupuncture on bone biomechanical properties and histomorphometry in ovariectomized(OVX) rats were studied. Twenty-four 8-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats.were randomly assigned tothree groups:sham,m...The effects of acupuncture on bone biomechanical properties and histomorphometry in ovariectomized(OVX) rats were studied. Twenty-four 8-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats.were randomly assigned tothree groups:sham,model and acupuncture. Rats in the model and acupuncture groups were ovariectomized,while those in the sham group underwent a sham operation. All rats were anesthetized and fastened for 15minutes,and for the acupuncture group,needling on Pishu (BL20) and Shenshu (BL23) was performed.BlOod and urine were collected to measure serum osteocalcin (OC) and urinary calcium,phosphorus ordeoxypyridinoline (Dpd). After 16 weeks of treatment,all the rats were killed and their tibiae and femorawere removed. The tibiae were used for analyses of bone histomorphometry and the femora for a three-pointbending test. Acupuncture gave significant protection against ovariectomy-caused decline on femoral strengthin the mechanical test,increased the trabecular bone volume and thickness,lowered the trabecular separationof tibiae and restricted the excretion of phosphorus and Dpd,while promoting the concentrations of serumosteocalcin as compared with model rats. These results seemed to indicate that acupuncture on the points ofPishu (BL20) and Shenshu (BL23) not only promoted the bone formation but also suppressed the boneresorption induced by OVX in osteoporotic rats,which suggests that it would be a potentially useful andconvenient method in preventing osteoporosis.展开更多
Postprandial hyperglycemia has been reported to elicit endothelial dysfunction and provoke future cardiovascular complications. A reduction of postprandial blood glucose levels by the glucosidase inhibitor Fuscoporia ...Postprandial hyperglycemia has been reported to elicit endothelial dysfunction and provoke future cardiovascular complications. A reduction of postprandial blood glucose levels by the glucosidase inhibitor Fuscoporia obliqua was associated with a risk reduction of cardiovascular complications, but the effects of Fuscoporia obliqua on endothelial function have never been elucidated. This study is aimed to assess the efficacy of Fuscoporia obliqua on postprandial metabolic parameters and endothelial function in type 2 diabetic patients. Postprandial peak glucose (14.47±1.27 vs. 8.50±0.53 mmol/liter), plasma glucose excursion (PPGE), and change in the area under the curve (AUC) glucose after a single loading of test meal (total 450 kcal; protein 15.3%; fat 32.3%; carbohydrate 51.4%) were significantly higher in the diet-treated type 2 diabetic patients (n=14) than the age-and sex-matched controls (n=12). The peak forearm blood flow response and total reactive hyperemic flow (flow debt repayment) during reactive hyperemia, indices of resistance artery endothelial function on strain-gauge plethysmography, were unchanged before and after meal loading in the controls. But those of the diabetics were significantly decreased 120 and 240 min after the test meal. A prior administration of Fuscoporia obliqua decreased postprandial peak glucose, PPGE, and AUC glucose. The peak forearm blood flow and flow debt repayment were inversely well correlated with peak glucose, PPGE, and AUC glucose, but not with AUC insulin or the other lipid parameters. Even a single loading of the test meal was shown to impair the endothelial function in type 2 diabetic patients, and the postprandial endothelial dysfunction was improved by a prior use of Fuscoporia obliqua. Fuscoporia obliqua might reduce macrovascular complication by avoiding endothelial injury in postprandial hyperglycemic status.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effect of acupuncture at acupoint of Shenshu （BL 23） in ovariectomized rats and sham-operated rats. METHODS： Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following four groups （n...OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effect of acupuncture at acupoint of Shenshu （BL 23） in ovariectomized rats and sham-operated rats. METHODS： Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following four groups （n = 12 each）： sham operation only （Sham）, sham operation with acupuncture （Sham ＋ ACP）, ovariectomy only （OVX）, and ovariectomy with acupuncture （OVX ＋ ACP）. Operations were performed at the 9th week of age. Acupuncture of Shenshu （BL 23） was started at the 1 lth week of age and conducted 3 times per week until the 26th week of age. RESULTS： Among ovariectomized rats, the acupuncture-treated rats had significantly lower body weights and cross-linked N-telopeptide of type 1 collagen levels in the urine after 3 weeks of acu- puncture treatment, higher bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebra after 7 weeks, and smaller trabecular separation of the sixth lumbar vertebra, measured by micro-computed tomography, after 17 weeks than control rats. These effects were not observed in sham-operated rats. Blood concentrations of estradiol were significantly higher in the OVX ＋ ACP group than in the untreated group. Acupuncture treatment increased plasma testosterone levels in sham-operated rats, while this increase was not observed in OVX rats. CONCLUSION： Acupuncture of Shenshu （BL 23） prevents bone loss and structural changes by sup- pressing bone resorption.展开更多
Objective： This study was originally designed to observe the effects of propranolol （a β-blocker） and Zhigancao Decoction （炙甘草汤 ZGCD） on bone mass in ovariectomized rats. Methods： Thirty-eight female Spragu...Objective： This study was originally designed to observe the effects of propranolol （a β-blocker） and Zhigancao Decoction （炙甘草汤 ZGCD） on bone mass in ovariectomized rats. Methods： Thirty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups initially, a sham-operated group （Sham, n=7）, a model ovariectomized （OVX） group （Model, n=7）, a propranolol group （Pro, n=12） and a ZGCD group （ZGCD, n=12）. After 15 weeks of treatment, the expected effects were not found. In order to verify the situations of the experiment, we modified the study by administering calcitonin to a subgroup of the tested Pro and ZGCD rats. Results： The Pro and ZGCD treatments showed decreased heart rate and plasma norepinephrine level, but neither an increased bone mass nor any bone metabolism differences from the model rats were found. However, the OVX-induced bone loss was prevented by the sequent treatment of calcitonin. Conclusions： The results provide no evidence that the β-blocker propranolol may stimulate bone formation, and do not iustify its use for clinical treatment of osteoporosis.展开更多
In the adenine-induced renal failure rats, reversibility of renal failure and recovery of bone mineral density (BMD) by discontinuation of adenine-rich diet were reported: We think that the effect to bone metabolism w...In the adenine-induced renal failure rats, reversibility of renal failure and recovery of bone mineral density (BMD) by discontinuation of adenine-rich diet were reported: We think that the effect to bone metabolism with medication may be able to be evaluated as reinforcement of the BMD recovery. We have so far investigated the Chinese herbal medicine based on Hachimi-jio-gan (HJG) which are more effective than HJG alone. In this study, we investigated the effects of our Chinese herbal prescription on BMD in the adenine-treated rats compared to that of vitamin D3treatment. Young male rats were administrated 100 mg/ml adenine for 8 weeks, and they showed renal failure and bone loss. The adenine-treated rats were divided into the following 3 groups, that is, the group experienced no treatment (control), the group givenour Chinese herbal medicine (HAO), and the group given vitamin D3 (VD3) medication. It is likely that VD3 medication was less effective for increase of the femoral BMD than increase of the spinal BMD. In contrast, HAO was effective for increase of the femoral BMD. The VD3 group showed low deoxypyridinoline (Dpd: bone resorption maker) as compared to the control group.However, the HAO group showed same or slightly high Dpd. It is suggested that VD3 may increase BMD by reduction of bone resorption, while HAO may show effect on BMD by activating bone metabolism. It is indicated that HAO may become a curative medicine for bone loss because of the different target site from vitamin D3.展开更多
The effects of Chinese herbal medicines including Hachimi-jio-gan(HJG)and/or Hochu-ekki-to(HET)on osteopenia inrats were investigated.The Chinese herbal medicines were administrated for 8 weeks(7 times/week)starling f...The effects of Chinese herbal medicines including Hachimi-jio-gan(HJG)and/or Hochu-ekki-to(HET)on osteopenia inrats were investigated.The Chinese herbal medicines were administrated for 8 weeks(7 times/week)starling from 1 weekafter ovariectomy.HJG and Prescription-2(Prsc-2,the prescription based on HJG)showed protective effect on bone loss ofthe vertebrae after ovariectomy.However,Prescription-1(the prescription based on HJG and HE-T)had no effect.Then,wemade osteopenia model in rats by prednisolone and low calcium diet.Prsc-2 and HJG were administrated for 20 weeks withprednisolone.These Chinese remedies showed protective effects for osteopenia,with better indices on bone loss of the limbsthan HJG alone in the osteopenia rats.It can be concluded that Prsc-2 is more effective than HJG for bone loss induced byvarious factors,and the additives in Prsc-2 may enhance the therapeutic effect.展开更多
It is important to segment mass region accurately in a computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) scheme for evaluating the likelihood of malignancy of the mass on ultrasonographic breast image. The purpose of this study was to ...It is important to segment mass region accurately in a computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) scheme for evaluating the likelihood of malignancy of the mass on ultrasonographic breast image. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel level set method for segmentation of breast mass on ultrasonographic image. Our database consisted of 151 ultrasonographic images with 70 malignant and 81 benign breast masses. In a novel level set method, an energy function was defined with region-based, edge-based, and regularizing terms. The region-based term analyzed global information, whereas the edge-based term analyzed local information. The regularizing term also controlled the length of the boundary curve. The region of breast mass was segmented so that the energy based on those terms was minimized. With our proposed method, true positive (TP) ratio, false positive (FP) ratio, jaccard similarity (JS), and Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) were 92.2%, 9.1%, 84.2%, and 91.3%, respectively. These results tended to be substantially higher than those with two conventional segmentation methods. Our proposed method based on the novel level set method was shown to segment mass region accurately on ultrasonographic breast image.展开更多
Heart and skeletal muscle insulin resistance and abnormal myocardial flow reserve (MFR) occurs in patients with type-II diabetes. Improvement of heart and skeletal muscle insulin resistance with rosiglitazone use over...Heart and skeletal muscle insulin resistance and abnormal myocardial flow reserve (MFR) occurs in patients with type-II diabetes. Improvement of heart and skeletal muscle insulin resistance with rosiglitazone use over 16 weeks have been reported. However, it is not clear whether chronic use of troglitazone can improve heart and skeletal muscle insulin resistance and MFR. Materials and Methods: To test the hypothesis whether effects of troglitazone on heart and skeletal muscle insulin resistance and MFR in patients with type-II diabetes, rest and dipyridamole stress perfusion positron emission tomography (PET) with 13N-ammonia and heart and skeletal muscle 18FDG PET scans under insulin clamping were undertaken before and 12 month after the initiation of troglitazone therapy (400 mg/day) in 23 patients with type-II diabetes. Twenty patients with type-II diabetes without CAD and without medications were served as controls. In controls, any medications were not added from the first PET study and 12 months after the second PET study. Results: Baseline myocardial blood flow (MBF) was comparable before and after the troglitazone group as was the controls. MBF during dipyridamole administration (0.56 mg/min/kg) was not significantly improved in troglitazone group and controls. MFR was not improved in troglitazone group and controls. In troglitazone group, whole body glucose disposal rate (GDR;μmole/min/kg) significantly improved (pre;19.0 ± 9.55, post;28.7 ± 15.3, p as did the skeletal muscle glucose utilization rate (SMGU (μmole/min/kg);pre;20.3 ± 12.0, post;34.8 ± 10.6, p insulin resistance is implicated in patients with type-II diabetes and impaired MFR is uncoupled with insulin resistance in the whole body and heart and skeletal muscle in patients with type-II diabetes.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： Hie （cold sensation） is one of the most common health complaints in Japan. Those who suffer from severe hie are considered as having hiesho （cold disorder）. However, exact hiesho symptoms have not been...OBJECTIVE： Hie （cold sensation） is one of the most common health complaints in Japan. Those who suffer from severe hie are considered as having hiesho （cold disorder）. However, exact hiesho symptoms have not been defined clearly and the decision as to whether a person suffers from hiesho is subjective and based on self-awareness. The study was conducted in attempt to develop a standardized hiesho diagnostic scale. METHODS： Subjects comprised 1 146 students. From the self-awareness of hiesho symptoms, males and females were divided into hiesho and non-hiesho groups. Physical, behavioral and adaptive characteristics were compared using the 24-item questionnaire （four-grade survey） and indicators for hiesho symptoms were extracted. Based on the scores, a receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn for the total ordinal scale score of the extracted items in relation to the presence and absence of hiesho symptoms, and an optimal cutoff value was determined. RESULTS： The self-awareness of having hiesho was found in 23.2% males and in 55.6% females. The sensitivity was 84.5% for males and 83.3% for females in the hiesho groups, and the specificity was 86.0% for males and 85.2% for females in the non-hiesho groups. CONCLUSION： A questionnaire consisting of the extracted items may be useful to identify hiesho in young males and females with a high level of accuracy.展开更多
This study established the following groups of rats： a normal group, a sham surgery group, a spinal cord injury model group, a low-frequency electroacupuncture group, a high-frequency electroacupuncture group and a s...This study established the following groups of rats： a normal group, a sham surgery group, a spinal cord injury model group, a low-frequency electroacupuncture group, a high-frequency electroacupuncture group and a semen coicis group. In all but the normal and sham surgery groups the left half of Tlo was transected. Four hours after model induction, 5-Hz and 100-Hz electroacupuncture were used to stimulate the acupoints I-luantiao （GB 30）, Zusan/i （ST 36）, Zhiyan9 （DU 9） and Xuanshu （DU 5）, or crude extract from semen coicis was intraperitoneally injected, for 8 consecutive weeks. The results indicated that electroacupuncture stimulation and intraperitoneal injection of semen coicis improved the morphology of spinal cord tissue, promoted the recovery of motion-evoked potentials, suppressed glial fibrillary acidic protein expression, and ameliorated motor function in rats with hemisection spinal cord injury. The effects of high-frequency （100 Hz） electroacupuncture ancl semen coicis were significant.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Arsenic-induced overproduction of reactive nitrogen species results in damage to biomacromolecules in tissues. This is one of major mechanisms of toxic effects due to arsenic. It is assumed that taurine a...BACKGROUND： Arsenic-induced overproduction of reactive nitrogen species results in damage to biomacromolecules in tissues. This is one of major mechanisms of toxic effects due to arsenic. It is assumed that taurine and vitamin C prevent overproduction of peroxynitrite （ONOO） and resist arseniasis by decreasing oxygen-free radical production. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the intervention effects of taurine and vitamin C on 8-nitroguanine （8-NO2-G） expression in the brain of mice exposed to arsenic. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, animal experiment was performed at the Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, China between March 2007 and July 2008. MATERIALS： As203, taurine, and vitamin C （Sigma, USA）, rabbit polyclonal anti-8-NO2-G antibody and goat anti-rabbit IgG （Dojindo, Japan） were used in this study. METHODS： A total of 40 healthy, Kunming mice were equally and randomly assigned to four groups Mice in the As203 group received drinking water containing 4 mg/L As2O3. Mice in the taurine and vitamin C groups received 150 mg/kg taurine and 45 mg/kg vitamin C, respectively, by gavage, twice per week, and simultaneously received As2O3. Mice in the control group were administered normal drinking water. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Histopathological changes in brain tissues of mice were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. 8-NO2-G expression in brain tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： Abnormal, histopathological changes were observed in brain tissue of mice from the As2O3 group, which included axonal loss, cell shrinkage, and karyolysis. The above-described changes were minimal in the taurine and vitamin C groups. 8-NO2-G expression was significantly greater in brain tissue from the As2O3 group compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）, however, weak 8-NO2-G expression was observed in the taurine and vitamin C groups. CONCLUSION： Taurine or vitamin C protected against pathological changes and nucleic acid damage due to reactive nitrogen species in brain tissue of mice exposed to arsenic.展开更多
Retinal degenerative diseases （RDs） such as retinitis pigmentosa （RP） are characterized by slowly progressive photoreceptor cell death, but the molecular mechanism underlying RP remains unclear. Animal models for ...Retinal degenerative diseases （RDs） such as retinitis pigmentosa （RP） are characterized by slowly progressive photoreceptor cell death, but the molecular mechanism underlying RP remains unclear. Animal models for RP have led to a better understand- ing of the disease pathological mechanisms, yet it remains difficult to identify an appropriate genetic model for RDs in general because there are many causative genes （Rossmiller et al., 2012）.展开更多
The effect of continuous water-soluble propolis administration on radioactivity-induced reduction of hemocytes, and the antioxidant and antitumor effects were investigated. Following a 1-week adjustment period, water-...The effect of continuous water-soluble propolis administration on radioactivity-induced reduction of hemocytes, and the antioxidant and antitumor effects were investigated. Following a 1-week adjustment period, water-soluble propolis was administered intraperitoneally to male ICR mice at a dose of 100 mg/kg every other day for 2 weeks. Following administration, 2 Gy whole-body irradiation was performed and the counts of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and granulocytes and monocytes in the peripheral blood were determined 1, 3, 7, 15 and 30 days after irradiation. In the second experiment, water-soluble propolis was similarly administered to the mice for 2 weeks after a 1-week adjustment period, and 2 Gy whole-body irradiation was performed. The antioxidant effects in hemocytes were then investigated using 2,2＇-azobis（2-amidinopropane） dihydrochloride （AAPH）, a radical generator. In the third experiment, 1×10^6 Sarcoma-180 cells were inoculated into the right thigh of mice, which were divided into four groups： control, water-soluble propolis-treated, 6 Gy irradiated and water-soluble propolis-treated ＋ 6 Gy irradiated groups, and changes in tumor size were measured for 20 days. Results show that administration of water-soluble propolis inhibits the reduction of hemocytes caused by whole-bodv irradiation, enhances antioxidant effects against radioactivity, and inhibits tumor growth.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of eating out or skipping meals on the quality or quantity of sleep in young Japanese adults. We analyzed 584 eligible subjects (283 men and 301 women) aged 20 - 29...The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of eating out or skipping meals on the quality or quantity of sleep in young Japanese adults. We analyzed 584 eligible subjects (283 men and 301 women) aged 20 - 29 years. Information on diet and individual lifestyle characteristics, including sleep quality, which was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Japanese version (PSQI-J), were obtained by participants completing an online questionnaire. Kendall’s tau coefficient was used to measure the ordinal association between diet and sleep quality. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed to evaluate differences in sleep quality by frequency of eating out and frequency of skipping meals. The results revealed a significant difference in sleep duration and PSQI-J score between people who eat out >2 times a week (“high restaurants group”) and those who do not (“low restaurants group”). Furthermore, whereas the mean sleep duration in the “high restaurants group” was 6.59 hours, the mean sleep duration in the “low restaurants group” was 6.90 hours (p = 0.007). The PSQI-J score was significantly higher in the “high restaurants group” than in the “low restaurants group” (4.91 versus 4.37, p = 0.006). Significant differences were also evident in the test’s component scores: C2, C3, and C7. No significant difference was found in sleep duration and PSQI-J score between the groups in terms of frequency of skipping meals (breakfast, lunch, and dinner). Our results suggested that excessive intake by eating out more than twice a week may lead to short sleep duration and high PSQI-J score.展开更多
Objective： To clarify whether the acupoints of Zusanli （ST36） and Sanyinjiao （SP6） have specific actions other than non-acupoints to bone. Methods： Forty Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into five groups...Objective： To clarify whether the acupoints of Zusanli （ST36） and Sanyinjiao （SP6） have specific actions other than non-acupoints to bone. Methods： Forty Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into five groups： Sham operated （sham） group; Ovariectomized （OVX, model） group; non-acupuncture group; OVX, needling on Zusanli and Sanyinjiao （Acp-A） group; OVX, needling on the reverse sides of Zusanli and Sanyinjiao （Acp-B） group; OVX, periostineal stimulation on the same height as points of Zusanli and Sanyinjiao （Acp-C） group. The experiment was continued for 23 weeks and then all animals were sacrificied. Results： OVX had a significantly higher body weight and lower bone mineral density （BMD） on the lumbar vertebrae, total femora and tibiae than sham rats, however, Acp-A showed a higher BMD compared with the other OVX groups. On the other hand, bone weights, bone strength and bone morphometry such as trabecular volume, trabecular separation, labeled width and bone formation rate also showed the same improvements in Acp-A as compared to the other OVX rats. Conclusion： The stimulation on Zusanli and Sanyinjiao specifically prevented the development of osteopenic rats compared with non-acupoints.展开更多
<span style="font-family:;" "=""><strong>Introduction</strong>:</span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> <i>...<span style="font-family:;" "=""><strong>Introduction</strong>:</span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> <i>Momordica charantia</i> (MC) has been reported to possess various beneficial effects. Improvement in natural aging of the skin has been observed with the use of MC. However, few studies have detailed the effects of MC on atopic dermatitis (AD). Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of MC on the skin symptoms of AD. <b>Methods:</b> Specific pathogen-free <span>and conventional NC/Nga mice were orally administered a 50 mg/kg/day</span> dose of MC every day for 2 weeks. <b>Results:</b> The expression levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), inducible nitric oxidase synthase (iNOS), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) remarkably increased in AD, but were suppressed by MC administration. As a result, the degradation of filaggrin by PGE2 was suppressed. Furthermore, in AD, iNOS induced macrophage type 1 and increased NO levels. <span>In contrast, due to suppression of iNOS with MC administration, macro</span><span>phages shifted to type 2 and an increase in L-ornithine was observed, which</span> subsequently promoted filaggrin synthesis. <b>Conclusions:</b> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "="">These findings indicate that the AD-like skin symptoms were decelerated by MC via the regu<span>lation of the LPS/iNOS/PGE2/filaggrin and LPS/iNOS/Arginase 1/L-ornithine/ </span>filaggrin signaling pathways.</span></span></span>展开更多
Objective To observe acupuncture effects, we analyze the function of Histamine on acupoints, and provide evidence for the research on generation mechanism of the acupuncture effects.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3500404)the Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(81704146,82205310)+1 种基金the Research Program Project of Tianjin Education Commission(2021KJ120)the National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202410063009)。
文摘Objective:The effectiveness of chemotherapy is affected by tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance mechanisms;however,there are certain limitations.Electroacupuncture can regulate the tumor immune response and restore bone marrow hematopoietic function,which is affected by chemotherapy.This study investigated the efficacy and mechanism of electroacupuncture combined with cisplatin in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer mice.Methods:To establish a mouse model of non-small-cell lung cancer,gene sequencing combined with bioinformatics analysis,flow cytometry,and liquid-phase chips was used to observe the expression of immune cells and related factors in the mouse tumor microenvironment.Flow cytometry was used to observe subpopulations of mouse bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells.PAC1 receptor agonists were used to observe mouse tumor immunity and bone marrow hematopoiesis-related indicators.Results:The combination of electroacupuncture with high-and low-dose chemotherapy had a better tumor-suppressive effect.Electroacupuncture can affect the gene expression profile of immune cells,especially the expression levels of Ccr1,Cxcr5,Zbp1,and CamkIIα,and increases the levels of interferon-γ(IFN-γ)and interleukin(IL)-2 protein,upregulating the levels of cytokines Ccl4,Ccl3,and IL-6 in the tumor tissue.Additionally,electroacupuncture enhanced the infiltration of CD8+T cells,dendritic cells,and M1-type macrophages at the tumor site,and reduced the proportion of Th17 and Treg cells.Furthermore,electroacupuncture remodels the bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment after chemotherapy by increasing the number of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell subsets,leukocytes,and subpopulations in the peripheral blood.PAC1 receptor agonists have similar effects to those of electroacupuncture on hematopoietic protection and tumor immunity after chemotherapy.Conclusions:Electroacupuncture may improve chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression,reshape the tumor microenvironment immune response affected by chemotherapy,and change the tumor immune microenvironment to an anti-tumor mode by regulating tumor local immune-related cytokines.The PAC1 receptor may be a drug target for the treatment of myelosuppression and immunosuppression in patients with tumors.
文摘In the field of pediatric nursing, in the perinatal period, numerous ethical issues arise alongside the advancement of medical technology. However, sufficient education on bioethics is not provided in the pediatric nursing domain of basic nursing education. The purpose of this research is to examine the current status of bioethics education in the pediatric nursing domain of basic nursing education and explore the challenges perceived by the pediatric nursing faculty regarding bioethics education. The research method was a questionnaire survey on 100 randomly selected pediatric nursing faculty members from nursing universities across Japan. The results revealed that although bioethics issues were considered important, the emphasis remained primarily on addressing bioethics as part of nursing that respects children’s rights. Furthermore, respondents expressed difficulties regarding teaching methods and content related to bioethics.
文摘In this study, to explore the radiation protection effects of Lyophyllum Decastes Sing （LDS）, a hot distilled-water extract of LDS was orally administered at a dosage of 250mg/kg every other day for a period of 2 weeks in irradiated mice. An automatic blood cell counter was used to measure white blood cells （lymphocytes, monocyte, and granulocytes） one day before X-ray irradiation, and 3 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, 7 days, 15 days and 30 days after irradiation. The Dunnett test was used to examine statistical significance of differences. The peripheral blood cell counts in the Lyophyllum-administered non-irradiation group revealed an increase in the numbers of ieukocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes. For 2 Gy whole body radiation, a significant statistical difference was found between the X-ray group and the Lyophyllum plus X-ray group in the numbers of leukocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes. The results suggest that Lyophyllum restrains blood cell-count falling after irradiation, which is probably mediated at least in part by hemopoietic function, and NK and LAK activities seems to play a role in preventing secondary irffections associated with irradiation.
文摘The effects of acupuncture on bone biomechanical properties and histomorphometry in ovariectomized(OVX) rats were studied. Twenty-four 8-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats.were randomly assigned tothree groups:sham,model and acupuncture. Rats in the model and acupuncture groups were ovariectomized,while those in the sham group underwent a sham operation. All rats were anesthetized and fastened for 15minutes,and for the acupuncture group,needling on Pishu (BL20) and Shenshu (BL23) was performed.BlOod and urine were collected to measure serum osteocalcin (OC) and urinary calcium,phosphorus ordeoxypyridinoline (Dpd). After 16 weeks of treatment,all the rats were killed and their tibiae and femorawere removed. The tibiae were used for analyses of bone histomorphometry and the femora for a three-pointbending test. Acupuncture gave significant protection against ovariectomy-caused decline on femoral strengthin the mechanical test,increased the trabecular bone volume and thickness,lowered the trabecular separationof tibiae and restricted the excretion of phosphorus and Dpd,while promoting the concentrations of serumosteocalcin as compared with model rats. These results seemed to indicate that acupuncture on the points ofPishu (BL20) and Shenshu (BL23) not only promoted the bone formation but also suppressed the boneresorption induced by OVX in osteoporotic rats,which suggests that it would be a potentially useful andconvenient method in preventing osteoporosis.
文摘Postprandial hyperglycemia has been reported to elicit endothelial dysfunction and provoke future cardiovascular complications. A reduction of postprandial blood glucose levels by the glucosidase inhibitor Fuscoporia obliqua was associated with a risk reduction of cardiovascular complications, but the effects of Fuscoporia obliqua on endothelial function have never been elucidated. This study is aimed to assess the efficacy of Fuscoporia obliqua on postprandial metabolic parameters and endothelial function in type 2 diabetic patients. Postprandial peak glucose (14.47±1.27 vs. 8.50±0.53 mmol/liter), plasma glucose excursion (PPGE), and change in the area under the curve (AUC) glucose after a single loading of test meal (total 450 kcal; protein 15.3%; fat 32.3%; carbohydrate 51.4%) were significantly higher in the diet-treated type 2 diabetic patients (n=14) than the age-and sex-matched controls (n=12). The peak forearm blood flow response and total reactive hyperemic flow (flow debt repayment) during reactive hyperemia, indices of resistance artery endothelial function on strain-gauge plethysmography, were unchanged before and after meal loading in the controls. But those of the diabetics were significantly decreased 120 and 240 min after the test meal. A prior administration of Fuscoporia obliqua decreased postprandial peak glucose, PPGE, and AUC glucose. The peak forearm blood flow and flow debt repayment were inversely well correlated with peak glucose, PPGE, and AUC glucose, but not with AUC insulin or the other lipid parameters. Even a single loading of the test meal was shown to impair the endothelial function in type 2 diabetic patients, and the postprandial endothelial dysfunction was improved by a prior use of Fuscoporia obliqua. Fuscoporia obliqua might reduce macrovascular complication by avoiding endothelial injury in postprandial hyperglycemic status.
基金Supported by"High-Tech Research Center"Project for Private Universities:Matching Fund Subsidy from Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science,and Technology(No.2006-2010)
文摘OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effect of acupuncture at acupoint of Shenshu （BL 23） in ovariectomized rats and sham-operated rats. METHODS： Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following four groups （n = 12 each）： sham operation only （Sham）, sham operation with acupuncture （Sham ＋ ACP）, ovariectomy only （OVX）, and ovariectomy with acupuncture （OVX ＋ ACP）. Operations were performed at the 9th week of age. Acupuncture of Shenshu （BL 23） was started at the 1 lth week of age and conducted 3 times per week until the 26th week of age. RESULTS： Among ovariectomized rats, the acupuncture-treated rats had significantly lower body weights and cross-linked N-telopeptide of type 1 collagen levels in the urine after 3 weeks of acu- puncture treatment, higher bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebra after 7 weeks, and smaller trabecular separation of the sixth lumbar vertebra, measured by micro-computed tomography, after 17 weeks than control rats. These effects were not observed in sham-operated rats. Blood concentrations of estradiol were significantly higher in the OVX ＋ ACP group than in the untreated group. Acupuncture treatment increased plasma testosterone levels in sham-operated rats, while this increase was not observed in OVX rats. CONCLUSION： Acupuncture of Shenshu （BL 23） prevents bone loss and structural changes by sup- pressing bone resorption.
文摘Objective： This study was originally designed to observe the effects of propranolol （a β-blocker） and Zhigancao Decoction （炙甘草汤 ZGCD） on bone mass in ovariectomized rats. Methods： Thirty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups initially, a sham-operated group （Sham, n=7）, a model ovariectomized （OVX） group （Model, n=7）, a propranolol group （Pro, n=12） and a ZGCD group （ZGCD, n=12）. After 15 weeks of treatment, the expected effects were not found. In order to verify the situations of the experiment, we modified the study by administering calcitonin to a subgroup of the tested Pro and ZGCD rats. Results： The Pro and ZGCD treatments showed decreased heart rate and plasma norepinephrine level, but neither an increased bone mass nor any bone metabolism differences from the model rats were found. However, the OVX-induced bone loss was prevented by the sequent treatment of calcitonin. Conclusions： The results provide no evidence that the β-blocker propranolol may stimulate bone formation, and do not iustify its use for clinical treatment of osteoporosis.
文摘In the adenine-induced renal failure rats, reversibility of renal failure and recovery of bone mineral density (BMD) by discontinuation of adenine-rich diet were reported: We think that the effect to bone metabolism with medication may be able to be evaluated as reinforcement of the BMD recovery. We have so far investigated the Chinese herbal medicine based on Hachimi-jio-gan (HJG) which are more effective than HJG alone. In this study, we investigated the effects of our Chinese herbal prescription on BMD in the adenine-treated rats compared to that of vitamin D3treatment. Young male rats were administrated 100 mg/ml adenine for 8 weeks, and they showed renal failure and bone loss. The adenine-treated rats were divided into the following 3 groups, that is, the group experienced no treatment (control), the group givenour Chinese herbal medicine (HAO), and the group given vitamin D3 (VD3) medication. It is likely that VD3 medication was less effective for increase of the femoral BMD than increase of the spinal BMD. In contrast, HAO was effective for increase of the femoral BMD. The VD3 group showed low deoxypyridinoline (Dpd: bone resorption maker) as compared to the control group.However, the HAO group showed same or slightly high Dpd. It is suggested that VD3 may increase BMD by reduction of bone resorption, while HAO may show effect on BMD by activating bone metabolism. It is indicated that HAO may become a curative medicine for bone loss because of the different target site from vitamin D3.
文摘The effects of Chinese herbal medicines including Hachimi-jio-gan(HJG)and/or Hochu-ekki-to(HET)on osteopenia inrats were investigated.The Chinese herbal medicines were administrated for 8 weeks(7 times/week)starling from 1 weekafter ovariectomy.HJG and Prescription-2(Prsc-2,the prescription based on HJG)showed protective effect on bone loss ofthe vertebrae after ovariectomy.However,Prescription-1(the prescription based on HJG and HE-T)had no effect.Then,wemade osteopenia model in rats by prednisolone and low calcium diet.Prsc-2 and HJG were administrated for 20 weeks withprednisolone.These Chinese remedies showed protective effects for osteopenia,with better indices on bone loss of the limbsthan HJG alone in the osteopenia rats.It can be concluded that Prsc-2 is more effective than HJG for bone loss induced byvarious factors,and the additives in Prsc-2 may enhance the therapeutic effect.
文摘It is important to segment mass region accurately in a computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) scheme for evaluating the likelihood of malignancy of the mass on ultrasonographic breast image. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel level set method for segmentation of breast mass on ultrasonographic image. Our database consisted of 151 ultrasonographic images with 70 malignant and 81 benign breast masses. In a novel level set method, an energy function was defined with region-based, edge-based, and regularizing terms. The region-based term analyzed global information, whereas the edge-based term analyzed local information. The regularizing term also controlled the length of the boundary curve. The region of breast mass was segmented so that the energy based on those terms was minimized. With our proposed method, true positive (TP) ratio, false positive (FP) ratio, jaccard similarity (JS), and Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) were 92.2%, 9.1%, 84.2%, and 91.3%, respectively. These results tended to be substantially higher than those with two conventional segmentation methods. Our proposed method based on the novel level set method was shown to segment mass region accurately on ultrasonographic breast image.
文摘Heart and skeletal muscle insulin resistance and abnormal myocardial flow reserve (MFR) occurs in patients with type-II diabetes. Improvement of heart and skeletal muscle insulin resistance with rosiglitazone use over 16 weeks have been reported. However, it is not clear whether chronic use of troglitazone can improve heart and skeletal muscle insulin resistance and MFR. Materials and Methods: To test the hypothesis whether effects of troglitazone on heart and skeletal muscle insulin resistance and MFR in patients with type-II diabetes, rest and dipyridamole stress perfusion positron emission tomography (PET) with 13N-ammonia and heart and skeletal muscle 18FDG PET scans under insulin clamping were undertaken before and 12 month after the initiation of troglitazone therapy (400 mg/day) in 23 patients with type-II diabetes. Twenty patients with type-II diabetes without CAD and without medications were served as controls. In controls, any medications were not added from the first PET study and 12 months after the second PET study. Results: Baseline myocardial blood flow (MBF) was comparable before and after the troglitazone group as was the controls. MBF during dipyridamole administration (0.56 mg/min/kg) was not significantly improved in troglitazone group and controls. MFR was not improved in troglitazone group and controls. In troglitazone group, whole body glucose disposal rate (GDR;μmole/min/kg) significantly improved (pre;19.0 ± 9.55, post;28.7 ± 15.3, p as did the skeletal muscle glucose utilization rate (SMGU (μmole/min/kg);pre;20.3 ± 12.0, post;34.8 ± 10.6, p insulin resistance is implicated in patients with type-II diabetes and impaired MFR is uncoupled with insulin resistance in the whole body and heart and skeletal muscle in patients with type-II diabetes.
文摘OBJECTIVE： Hie （cold sensation） is one of the most common health complaints in Japan. Those who suffer from severe hie are considered as having hiesho （cold disorder）. However, exact hiesho symptoms have not been defined clearly and the decision as to whether a person suffers from hiesho is subjective and based on self-awareness. The study was conducted in attempt to develop a standardized hiesho diagnostic scale. METHODS： Subjects comprised 1 146 students. From the self-awareness of hiesho symptoms, males and females were divided into hiesho and non-hiesho groups. Physical, behavioral and adaptive characteristics were compared using the 24-item questionnaire （four-grade survey） and indicators for hiesho symptoms were extracted. Based on the scores, a receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn for the total ordinal scale score of the extracted items in relation to the presence and absence of hiesho symptoms, and an optimal cutoff value was determined. RESULTS： The self-awareness of having hiesho was found in 23.2% males and in 55.6% females. The sensitivity was 84.5% for males and 83.3% for females in the hiesho groups, and the specificity was 86.0% for males and 85.2% for females in the non-hiesho groups. CONCLUSION： A questionnaire consisting of the extracted items may be useful to identify hiesho in young males and females with a high level of accuracy.
基金the High-funded Projects of Japan Science and Technology Ministry,No. 343the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 30772838
文摘This study established the following groups of rats： a normal group, a sham surgery group, a spinal cord injury model group, a low-frequency electroacupuncture group, a high-frequency electroacupuncture group and a semen coicis group. In all but the normal and sham surgery groups the left half of Tlo was transected. Four hours after model induction, 5-Hz and 100-Hz electroacupuncture were used to stimulate the acupoints I-luantiao （GB 30）, Zusan/i （ST 36）, Zhiyan9 （DU 9） and Xuanshu （DU 5）, or crude extract from semen coicis was intraperitoneally injected, for 8 consecutive weeks. The results indicated that electroacupuncture stimulation and intraperitoneal injection of semen coicis improved the morphology of spinal cord tissue, promoted the recovery of motion-evoked potentials, suppressed glial fibrillary acidic protein expression, and ameliorated motor function in rats with hemisection spinal cord injury. The effects of high-frequency （100 Hz） electroacupuncture ancl semen coicis were significant.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.3057158430600488
文摘BACKGROUND： Arsenic-induced overproduction of reactive nitrogen species results in damage to biomacromolecules in tissues. This is one of major mechanisms of toxic effects due to arsenic. It is assumed that taurine and vitamin C prevent overproduction of peroxynitrite （ONOO） and resist arseniasis by decreasing oxygen-free radical production. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the intervention effects of taurine and vitamin C on 8-nitroguanine （8-NO2-G） expression in the brain of mice exposed to arsenic. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, animal experiment was performed at the Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, China between March 2007 and July 2008. MATERIALS： As203, taurine, and vitamin C （Sigma, USA）, rabbit polyclonal anti-8-NO2-G antibody and goat anti-rabbit IgG （Dojindo, Japan） were used in this study. METHODS： A total of 40 healthy, Kunming mice were equally and randomly assigned to four groups Mice in the As203 group received drinking water containing 4 mg/L As2O3. Mice in the taurine and vitamin C groups received 150 mg/kg taurine and 45 mg/kg vitamin C, respectively, by gavage, twice per week, and simultaneously received As2O3. Mice in the control group were administered normal drinking water. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Histopathological changes in brain tissues of mice were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. 8-NO2-G expression in brain tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： Abnormal, histopathological changes were observed in brain tissue of mice from the As2O3 group, which included axonal loss, cell shrinkage, and karyolysis. The above-described changes were minimal in the taurine and vitamin C groups. 8-NO2-G expression was significantly greater in brain tissue from the As2O3 group compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）, however, weak 8-NO2-G expression was observed in the taurine and vitamin C groups. CONCLUSION： Taurine or vitamin C protected against pathological changes and nucleic acid damage due to reactive nitrogen species in brain tissue of mice exposed to arsenic.
文摘Retinal degenerative diseases （RDs） such as retinitis pigmentosa （RP） are characterized by slowly progressive photoreceptor cell death, but the molecular mechanism underlying RP remains unclear. Animal models for RP have led to a better understand- ing of the disease pathological mechanisms, yet it remains difficult to identify an appropriate genetic model for RDs in general because there are many causative genes （Rossmiller et al., 2012）.
文摘The effect of continuous water-soluble propolis administration on radioactivity-induced reduction of hemocytes, and the antioxidant and antitumor effects were investigated. Following a 1-week adjustment period, water-soluble propolis was administered intraperitoneally to male ICR mice at a dose of 100 mg/kg every other day for 2 weeks. Following administration, 2 Gy whole-body irradiation was performed and the counts of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and granulocytes and monocytes in the peripheral blood were determined 1, 3, 7, 15 and 30 days after irradiation. In the second experiment, water-soluble propolis was similarly administered to the mice for 2 weeks after a 1-week adjustment period, and 2 Gy whole-body irradiation was performed. The antioxidant effects in hemocytes were then investigated using 2,2＇-azobis（2-amidinopropane） dihydrochloride （AAPH）, a radical generator. In the third experiment, 1×10^6 Sarcoma-180 cells were inoculated into the right thigh of mice, which were divided into four groups： control, water-soluble propolis-treated, 6 Gy irradiated and water-soluble propolis-treated ＋ 6 Gy irradiated groups, and changes in tumor size were measured for 20 days. Results show that administration of water-soluble propolis inhibits the reduction of hemocytes caused by whole-bodv irradiation, enhances antioxidant effects against radioactivity, and inhibits tumor growth.
文摘The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of eating out or skipping meals on the quality or quantity of sleep in young Japanese adults. We analyzed 584 eligible subjects (283 men and 301 women) aged 20 - 29 years. Information on diet and individual lifestyle characteristics, including sleep quality, which was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Japanese version (PSQI-J), were obtained by participants completing an online questionnaire. Kendall’s tau coefficient was used to measure the ordinal association between diet and sleep quality. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed to evaluate differences in sleep quality by frequency of eating out and frequency of skipping meals. The results revealed a significant difference in sleep duration and PSQI-J score between people who eat out >2 times a week (“high restaurants group”) and those who do not (“low restaurants group”). Furthermore, whereas the mean sleep duration in the “high restaurants group” was 6.59 hours, the mean sleep duration in the “low restaurants group” was 6.90 hours (p = 0.007). The PSQI-J score was significantly higher in the “high restaurants group” than in the “low restaurants group” (4.91 versus 4.37, p = 0.006). Significant differences were also evident in the test’s component scores: C2, C3, and C7. No significant difference was found in sleep duration and PSQI-J score between the groups in terms of frequency of skipping meals (breakfast, lunch, and dinner). Our results suggested that excessive intake by eating out more than twice a week may lead to short sleep duration and high PSQI-J score.
文摘Objective： To clarify whether the acupoints of Zusanli （ST36） and Sanyinjiao （SP6） have specific actions other than non-acupoints to bone. Methods： Forty Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into five groups： Sham operated （sham） group; Ovariectomized （OVX, model） group; non-acupuncture group; OVX, needling on Zusanli and Sanyinjiao （Acp-A） group; OVX, needling on the reverse sides of Zusanli and Sanyinjiao （Acp-B） group; OVX, periostineal stimulation on the same height as points of Zusanli and Sanyinjiao （Acp-C） group. The experiment was continued for 23 weeks and then all animals were sacrificied. Results： OVX had a significantly higher body weight and lower bone mineral density （BMD） on the lumbar vertebrae, total femora and tibiae than sham rats, however, Acp-A showed a higher BMD compared with the other OVX groups. On the other hand, bone weights, bone strength and bone morphometry such as trabecular volume, trabecular separation, labeled width and bone formation rate also showed the same improvements in Acp-A as compared to the other OVX rats. Conclusion： The stimulation on Zusanli and Sanyinjiao specifically prevented the development of osteopenic rats compared with non-acupoints.
文摘<span style="font-family:;" "=""><strong>Introduction</strong>:</span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> <i>Momordica charantia</i> (MC) has been reported to possess various beneficial effects. Improvement in natural aging of the skin has been observed with the use of MC. However, few studies have detailed the effects of MC on atopic dermatitis (AD). Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of MC on the skin symptoms of AD. <b>Methods:</b> Specific pathogen-free <span>and conventional NC/Nga mice were orally administered a 50 mg/kg/day</span> dose of MC every day for 2 weeks. <b>Results:</b> The expression levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), inducible nitric oxidase synthase (iNOS), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) remarkably increased in AD, but were suppressed by MC administration. As a result, the degradation of filaggrin by PGE2 was suppressed. Furthermore, in AD, iNOS induced macrophage type 1 and increased NO levels. <span>In contrast, due to suppression of iNOS with MC administration, macro</span><span>phages shifted to type 2 and an increase in L-ornithine was observed, which</span> subsequently promoted filaggrin synthesis. <b>Conclusions:</b> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "="">These findings indicate that the AD-like skin symptoms were decelerated by MC via the regu<span>lation of the LPS/iNOS/PGE2/filaggrin and LPS/iNOS/Arginase 1/L-ornithine/ </span>filaggrin signaling pathways.</span></span></span>
文摘Objective To observe acupuncture effects, we analyze the function of Histamine on acupoints, and provide evidence for the research on generation mechanism of the acupuncture effects.
