Dear Editor,In this letter,we focus on the algebraic relationship between the coefficient matrices and the solution of the stochastic algebraic Riccati equation.It is revealed that,if the coefficient matrices are in a...Dear Editor,In this letter,we focus on the algebraic relationship between the coefficient matrices and the solution of the stochastic algebraic Riccati equation.It is revealed that,if the coefficient matrices are in an algebra,then the solution(and also the control gain in many cases)is also in the same algebra.The main result is verified by a numerical simulation.展开更多
Li metal with high-energy density is considered as the most promising anode for the next-generation rechargeable Li metal batteries;however,the growth of Li dendrites seriously hinders its practical application.Herein...Li metal with high-energy density is considered as the most promising anode for the next-generation rechargeable Li metal batteries;however,the growth of Li dendrites seriously hinders its practical application.Herein,3D free-standing carbon nanofibers modified by lithiophilic metal particles(CNF/Me,Me=Sn,Fe,Co)are obtained in situ by the electrospinning method.Benefiting from the lithophilicity,the CNF/Me composite may effectively prevent the formation of Li dendrites in the Li metal batteries.The optimized CNF/Sn–Li composite electrode exhibits a stable cycle life of over 2350 h during Li plating/stripping.When matched with typical commercial LiFePO_(4)(LFP)cathode,the LFP//CNF/Sn–Li full cell presents a high initial discharge specific capacity of 139 mAh g^(−1)at 1 C,which remains at 146 mAh g^(−1)after 400 cycles.When another state-of-the-art commercial LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM(811))cathode is used,the assembled NCM//CNF/Sn–Li full cell shows a large initial specific discharge capacity of 206 mAh g^(−1)at substantially enhanced 10 C,which keeps at the good capacity of 99 mAh g^(−1)after 300 cycles.These results are greatly superior to the counterparts with Li as the anodes,indicating the great potential for practical utilization of the advanced CNF/Sn–Li electrode.展开更多
Physical adsorption is a common method to solve the contamination of methylene blue in dyeing wastewater.As a kind of adsorption material,cellulose aerogels with high porosity and surface areas have great potential ap...Physical adsorption is a common method to solve the contamination of methylene blue in dyeing wastewater.As a kind of adsorption material,cellulose aerogels with high porosity and surface areas have great potential application in methylene blue removal.However,the week hydrogen bonding between cellulose nanofibers making the cellulose aerogels with the poor mechanical properties and can be easily destroyed during adsorption.Hence,the preparation of cellulose aerogels with high mechanical strength is still a great challenge.Here,we report a robust super-assembly strategy to fabricate cellulose aerogels by combining cellulose nanofibers with PVA and M-K10.The resulting cellulose aerogels not only has a robust chemically cross-linked network,but also has strong H-bonds,which greatly enhance the mechanical properties.The resulting cellulose aerogels possess a low density of 19.32 mg/cm^(3).Furthermore,the cellulose aerogel shows 93%shape recovery under 60%strain(9.5 k Pa under 60%strain)after 100 cycles,showing excellent mechanical property.The adsorption capacity of cellulose aerogel to methylene blue solution of 20 mg/L is 2.28 mg/g and the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms have also been studied.Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model are more acceptable for indicating the adsorption process of methylene blue on the cellulose aerogel.Thus,this compressible and durable cellulose aerogel is a very prospective material for dyeing wastewater cleanup.展开更多
Flexible trimethylamine sensor has been realized based on In2 O3 nanofibers via electrospinning and a deposition technique.The web-like In2O3 nanofibers with high length-to-diameter ratios are benefit for gas adsorpti...Flexible trimethylamine sensor has been realized based on In2 O3 nanofibers via electrospinning and a deposition technique.The web-like In2O3 nanofibers with high length-to-diameter ratios are benefit for gas adsorption and desorption.High trimethylamine sensing properties are observed.The sensors can detect trimethylamine gas down to 1 ppm at 80℃with the response up to 3.8.Additionally,rapid response(6 s)and recovery(10 s)behavior can also be obtained.Good reliability and flexibility are observed in 100 bending/extending cycles.Our results open a new route to construct flexible gas sensors in practice.展开更多
Fluorescent silica organic-inorganic nanohybrids which combine designable luminescence performance of organic fluorescent dyes and various outstanding advantages of silica nanomaterials have attracted increasing resea...Fluorescent silica organic-inorganic nanohybrids which combine designable luminescence performance of organic fluorescent dyes and various outstanding advantages of silica nanomaterials have attracted increasing research interests in these fascinating areas.Optical transparency and facile functional modification properties of silica material provide great opportunities to integrate desired fluorescent molecules for various frontier luminous applications.However,conventional organic dyes are typically subject to aggregation-caused quenching due to their aggregation in silica matrix,which could be detrimental for their performance in sensing and biomedical applications.The appearance of aggregation-induced emission luminogens(AIEgens)paves a new way for developing highly efficient fluorescent silica nanohybrids(FSNs).FSNs with intensive luminescence could be obtained due to the formation of aggregates and the restricted intramolecular motion of AIEgens in silica inorganic matrix.In this review,the reported fabrication methodologies of various FSNs based on colloidal silica nanoparticles(SNs)and mesoporous SNs including physical entrapment and covalent strategies are summarized.Especially,the AIEgens-functionalized silica hybrid nanomaterials are introduced in detail.Furthermore,chemical sensing,biosensing,and bioimaging applications of resultant FSNs are also discussed.展开更多
Identifying the species composition of a microbial ecosystem is often hampered by difficulties in culturing the organisms and in the low sequencing depth of traditional DNA barcoding.Metagenomic analysis,a huge-scale ...Identifying the species composition of a microbial ecosystem is often hampered by difficulties in culturing the organisms and in the low sequencing depth of traditional DNA barcoding.Metagenomic analysis,a huge-scale nucleotide-sequence-based tool,can overcome such difficulties.In this study,Sanger sequencing of 500 nrITS clones uncovered 29 taxa of 19 fungal genera,whereas metagenomics with next-generation sequencing identified 512 operational taxonomic units(OTUs)for ITS1/2 and 364 for ITS3/4.Nevertheless,high throughput sequencing of PCR amplicons of ITS1/2,ITS3/4,nrLSU-LR,nrLSU-U,mtLSU,and mtATP6,all with at least 1,300×coverage and about 21 million reads in total,yielded a very diverse fungal composition.The fact that 74%of the OTUs were exclusively uncovered with single barcodes indicated that each marker provided its own insights into the fungal flora.To deal with the high heterogeneity in the data and to integrate the information on species composition across barcodes,a rank-scoring strategy was developed.Accordingly,205 genera among 64 orders of fungi were identified in healthy Phalaenopsis roots.Of the barcodes utilized,ITS1/2,ITS3/4,and nrLSU-U were the most competent in uncovering the fungal diversity.These barcodes,though detecting different compositions likely due to primer preference,provided complementary and comprehensive power in deciphering the microbial diversity,especially in revealing rare species.展开更多
Small biomolecules(m/z<500)are the material basis of organisms and participate in life activities,but their comprehensive and accurate detection in complex samples remains a challenge.Matrix-assisted laser desorpti...Small biomolecules(m/z<500)are the material basis of organisms and participate in life activities,but their comprehensive and accurate detection in complex samples remains a challenge.Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(MALDI-MS)is a powerful detection tool for molecular analysis with high throughput.The development of a new matrix is essential to improve the efficiency of the MALDI-MS for molecular compound detection.In this work,the sandwich-like gold nanoparticles@mesoporous silica nanocomposite@silver nanoparticles(Au@MSN@Ag)nanospheres were prepared by layer-by-layer super-assembly strategy,and can be used as a novel matrix for the quantitative detection and enrichment of small biomolecules by LDI-MS.The sandwich-like nanospheres form a unique plasma resonant cavity that effectively absorbs the laser energy,while the homogeneous mesoporous structure of MSN can lock the analyte,which is essential for efficient LDI of small molecules.Compared to traditional matrices,Au@MSN@Ag shows the advantages of low background,wide application range,high sensitivity,super high salt and protein tolerance,and good stability.For example,the detection limit of glucose was as low as 5 fmol,and showed a good linear relationship in the range of 1−750μg/mL.Au@MSN@Ag assisted LDI-MS allows the enrichment and detection of small molecules in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)without derivatization and purification,classification of herbs using the accurate quantitative results oligosaccharides,and identification of gelatin by amino acid content.This research could help in designing more efficient nanostructure matrices and further explored the application of LDI-MS.展开更多
文摘Dear Editor,In this letter,we focus on the algebraic relationship between the coefficient matrices and the solution of the stochastic algebraic Riccati equation.It is revealed that,if the coefficient matrices are in an algebra,then the solution(and also the control gain in many cases)is also in the same algebra.The main result is verified by a numerical simulation.
基金supported by the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation(No.22075008,21571010,U0734002)National Basic Research Programs of China(973 Program,No.2014CB931800,2011CB935700)+1 种基金Chinese Aeronautic Project(No.2013ZF51069)111 Project(No.B14009).
文摘Li metal with high-energy density is considered as the most promising anode for the next-generation rechargeable Li metal batteries;however,the growth of Li dendrites seriously hinders its practical application.Herein,3D free-standing carbon nanofibers modified by lithiophilic metal particles(CNF/Me,Me=Sn,Fe,Co)are obtained in situ by the electrospinning method.Benefiting from the lithophilicity,the CNF/Me composite may effectively prevent the formation of Li dendrites in the Li metal batteries.The optimized CNF/Sn–Li composite electrode exhibits a stable cycle life of over 2350 h during Li plating/stripping.When matched with typical commercial LiFePO_(4)(LFP)cathode,the LFP//CNF/Sn–Li full cell presents a high initial discharge specific capacity of 139 mAh g^(−1)at 1 C,which remains at 146 mAh g^(−1)after 400 cycles.When another state-of-the-art commercial LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM(811))cathode is used,the assembled NCM//CNF/Sn–Li full cell shows a large initial specific discharge capacity of 206 mAh g^(−1)at substantially enhanced 10 C,which keeps at the good capacity of 99 mAh g^(−1)after 300 cycles.These results are greatly superior to the counterparts with Li as the anodes,indicating the great potential for practical utilization of the advanced CNF/Sn–Li electrode.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2019YFC1604601,2019YFC1604600,2017YFA0206901,2017YFA0206900,2018YFC1602301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21705027,21974029)+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.18ZR1404700)Construction Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging(No.18DZ2260400)Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(Class II Plateau Disciplinary Construction Program of Medical Technology of SUMHS,2018-2020)National Natural Science Foundation of China Found(No.51703109)the Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong(No.2018CXGC1406)。
文摘Physical adsorption is a common method to solve the contamination of methylene blue in dyeing wastewater.As a kind of adsorption material,cellulose aerogels with high porosity and surface areas have great potential application in methylene blue removal.However,the week hydrogen bonding between cellulose nanofibers making the cellulose aerogels with the poor mechanical properties and can be easily destroyed during adsorption.Hence,the preparation of cellulose aerogels with high mechanical strength is still a great challenge.Here,we report a robust super-assembly strategy to fabricate cellulose aerogels by combining cellulose nanofibers with PVA and M-K10.The resulting cellulose aerogels not only has a robust chemically cross-linked network,but also has strong H-bonds,which greatly enhance the mechanical properties.The resulting cellulose aerogels possess a low density of 19.32 mg/cm^(3).Furthermore,the cellulose aerogel shows 93%shape recovery under 60%strain(9.5 k Pa under 60%strain)after 100 cycles,showing excellent mechanical property.The adsorption capacity of cellulose aerogel to methylene blue solution of 20 mg/L is 2.28 mg/g and the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms have also been studied.Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model are more acceptable for indicating the adsorption process of methylene blue on the cellulose aerogel.Thus,this compressible and durable cellulose aerogel is a very prospective material for dyeing wastewater cleanup.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51808328 and 61903235)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2017LEM010 and ZR2019BEM036)。
文摘Flexible trimethylamine sensor has been realized based on In2 O3 nanofibers via electrospinning and a deposition technique.The web-like In2O3 nanofibers with high length-to-diameter ratios are benefit for gas adsorption and desorption.High trimethylamine sensing properties are observed.The sensors can detect trimethylamine gas down to 1 ppm at 80℃with the response up to 3.8.Additionally,rapid response(6 s)and recovery(10 s)behavior can also be obtained.Good reliability and flexibility are observed in 100 bending/extending cycles.Our results open a new route to construct flexible gas sensors in practice.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Numbers:2019YFC1604601,2019YFC1604600,2017YFA0206901,2017YFA0206900,2018YFC1602301National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:22005160+2 种基金the major scientific and technological innovation projects of Shandong Province,Grant/Award Number:2018CXGC1406Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,Grant/Award Number:18ZR1404700Construction project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging,Grant/Award Number:18DZ2260400。
文摘Fluorescent silica organic-inorganic nanohybrids which combine designable luminescence performance of organic fluorescent dyes and various outstanding advantages of silica nanomaterials have attracted increasing research interests in these fascinating areas.Optical transparency and facile functional modification properties of silica material provide great opportunities to integrate desired fluorescent molecules for various frontier luminous applications.However,conventional organic dyes are typically subject to aggregation-caused quenching due to their aggregation in silica matrix,which could be detrimental for their performance in sensing and biomedical applications.The appearance of aggregation-induced emission luminogens(AIEgens)paves a new way for developing highly efficient fluorescent silica nanohybrids(FSNs).FSNs with intensive luminescence could be obtained due to the formation of aggregates and the restricted intramolecular motion of AIEgens in silica inorganic matrix.In this review,the reported fabrication methodologies of various FSNs based on colloidal silica nanoparticles(SNs)and mesoporous SNs including physical entrapment and covalent strategies are summarized.Especially,the AIEgens-functionalized silica hybrid nanomaterials are introduced in detail.Furthermore,chemical sensing,biosensing,and bioimaging applications of resultant FSNs are also discussed.
基金This study was financially supported by the National Cheng Kung University and the National Science Council,Taiwan.
文摘Identifying the species composition of a microbial ecosystem is often hampered by difficulties in culturing the organisms and in the low sequencing depth of traditional DNA barcoding.Metagenomic analysis,a huge-scale nucleotide-sequence-based tool,can overcome such difficulties.In this study,Sanger sequencing of 500 nrITS clones uncovered 29 taxa of 19 fungal genera,whereas metagenomics with next-generation sequencing identified 512 operational taxonomic units(OTUs)for ITS1/2 and 364 for ITS3/4.Nevertheless,high throughput sequencing of PCR amplicons of ITS1/2,ITS3/4,nrLSU-LR,nrLSU-U,mtLSU,and mtATP6,all with at least 1,300×coverage and about 21 million reads in total,yielded a very diverse fungal composition.The fact that 74%of the OTUs were exclusively uncovered with single barcodes indicated that each marker provided its own insights into the fungal flora.To deal with the high heterogeneity in the data and to integrate the information on species composition across barcodes,a rank-scoring strategy was developed.Accordingly,205 genera among 64 orders of fungi were identified in healthy Phalaenopsis roots.Of the barcodes utilized,ITS1/2,ITS3/4,and nrLSU-U were the most competent in uncovering the fungal diversity.These barcodes,though detecting different compositions likely due to primer preference,provided complementary and comprehensive power in deciphering the microbial diversity,especially in revealing rare species.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2019YFC1604600,2017YFA0206901,2019YFC1604601,2017YFA0206900,and 2018YFC1602301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21705027,2197402951808328,61903235,42007218,and 51703109)+5 种基金the Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong(Nos.2018CXGC1406,2019JZZY010457 and 2019JZZY020309)The Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(18ZR1404700)Construction Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging(18DZ2260400)Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(Class II Plateau Disciplinary Construction Program of Medical Technology of SUMHS,2018-2020)The ability establishment of sustainable use for valuable Chinese medicine resources(2060302)The natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2020QE228).
文摘Small biomolecules(m/z<500)are the material basis of organisms and participate in life activities,but their comprehensive and accurate detection in complex samples remains a challenge.Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(MALDI-MS)is a powerful detection tool for molecular analysis with high throughput.The development of a new matrix is essential to improve the efficiency of the MALDI-MS for molecular compound detection.In this work,the sandwich-like gold nanoparticles@mesoporous silica nanocomposite@silver nanoparticles(Au@MSN@Ag)nanospheres were prepared by layer-by-layer super-assembly strategy,and can be used as a novel matrix for the quantitative detection and enrichment of small biomolecules by LDI-MS.The sandwich-like nanospheres form a unique plasma resonant cavity that effectively absorbs the laser energy,while the homogeneous mesoporous structure of MSN can lock the analyte,which is essential for efficient LDI of small molecules.Compared to traditional matrices,Au@MSN@Ag shows the advantages of low background,wide application range,high sensitivity,super high salt and protein tolerance,and good stability.For example,the detection limit of glucose was as low as 5 fmol,and showed a good linear relationship in the range of 1−750μg/mL.Au@MSN@Ag assisted LDI-MS allows the enrichment and detection of small molecules in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)without derivatization and purification,classification of herbs using the accurate quantitative results oligosaccharides,and identification of gelatin by amino acid content.This research could help in designing more efficient nanostructure matrices and further explored the application of LDI-MS.
