Sugarcane is recognized as the fifth largest crop globally,supplying 80%of sugar and 40%of bioenergy production.However,sugarcane genetic research has significantly lagged behind other crops due to its complex genetic...Sugarcane is recognized as the fifth largest crop globally,supplying 80%of sugar and 40%of bioenergy production.However,sugarcane genetic research has significantly lagged behind other crops due to its complex genetic background,high ploidy(8-13×),aneuploidy,limited flowering,and a long growth cycle(more than one year).Cross breeding began in 1887 following the discovery that sugarcane seeds could germinate.Both self-and cross-pollination and selection were conducted by sugarcane breeders,but new cultivars were often eliminated due to disease susceptibility.Within the Saccharum genus,different species possess variable numbers of chromosomes.Wild sugarcane species intercrossed with each other,leading to development of the‘Nobilization’breeding strategy,which significantly improved yield,sucrose,fiber content,and disease resistance,and accelerated genetic improvement of cultivars.In recent years,scientific achievements have also been made in sugarcane genome sequencing,molecular marker development,genetic linkage map construction,localization of quantitative trait locus(QTL),and trait-associated gene identification.This review focuses on the progress in sugarcane genetic research,analyzes the technical difficulties faced,presents opportunities and challenges,and provides guidance and references for future sugarcane genetics research and cultivar breeding.Finally,it offers directions for future on sugarcane genetics.展开更多
Genetic variability among sugarcane genotypes from the Karst region of China was evaluated using genotype-specific microsatellite (SSR) markers. Eighteen sugarcane genotypes including 13 active cultivars and five elit...Genetic variability among sugarcane genotypes from the Karst region of China was evaluated using genotype-specific microsatellite (SSR) markers. Eighteen sugarcane genotypes including 13 active cultivars and five elite QT-series clones bred locally were screened for genetic variability with 21 SSR primer pairs. All the primer pairs were highly polymorphic and amplified a total of 167 alleles with an average of eight alleles per primer pair. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) value was 0.86 with a range of 0.68 and 0.92. A UPGMA dendrogram categorized the 18 sugarcane genotypes into three major groups containing three, ten and five genotypes, respectively. No geographical affinity was observed among genotypes within the same group. Eight SSR primer pairs produced cultivar-specific alleles, of which five alleles were unique to the QT-series clones, namely, SMC334BS-165 and SMC851MS-145 in QT 08-558, mSSCIR43-229 in QT 4, SM597CS-182 in QT 08-536 and SMC7CUQ-168 in QT 06-212. The clone-specific SSR alleles will be useful in identifying elite QT-series clones for use in the sugarcane crossing programs in China.展开更多
Sweet sorghum has been suggested as a feedstock into the sugarcane mills for sucrose production in Zimbabwe and Swaziland. Sweet sorghum is widely grown by subsistence farmers and matures in 3 to 6 months in February,...Sweet sorghum has been suggested as a feedstock into the sugarcane mills for sucrose production in Zimbabwe and Swaziland. Sweet sorghum is widely grown by subsistence farmers and matures in 3 to 6 months in February, March and April, before sugarcane harvesting begins. Sweet sorghum has low sucrose content that is difficult to extract during processing. The hypothesis of the study was that sweet sorghum was a potential feedstock to sugarcane mills for the production of sugar and ethanol. The objective of this study was to investigate the trends in starch and sucrose content of four sweet sorghum genotypes namely M337, M81-E, Theis and Topper, and evaluate the potential of sweet sorghum as a feed stock for sugar and ethanol production. The sorghum juice was collected on August 10, August 24, September 8, September 18 and October 2, 2006 and starch and sucrose content were determined. There were significant （P 〈 0.001） genotypes by sampling date interaction effects. Both starch and sucrose content increased with crop sampling date. Genotypes M337 and Theis were late maturing for sucrose content compared to M81-E and Topper. All genotypes except M337 produced no significant increase in starch after 101DAP. Trends in sucrose and starch content were similar, indicating the reason sucrose was difficult to extract from sweet sorghum. The impact of this study would be boosting the incomes of small scale growers who would be subcontracted by the sugar mills to produce sweet sorghum as a feedstock to the mills before sugarcane matures.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2301100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272156)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(2022J01160)Central Publicinterest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(1630052024003,1630052024020)Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences for Science and Technology Innovation Team of National Tropical Agricultural Science Center(CATASCXTD202402)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-17).
文摘Sugarcane is recognized as the fifth largest crop globally,supplying 80%of sugar and 40%of bioenergy production.However,sugarcane genetic research has significantly lagged behind other crops due to its complex genetic background,high ploidy(8-13×),aneuploidy,limited flowering,and a long growth cycle(more than one year).Cross breeding began in 1887 following the discovery that sugarcane seeds could germinate.Both self-and cross-pollination and selection were conducted by sugarcane breeders,but new cultivars were often eliminated due to disease susceptibility.Within the Saccharum genus,different species possess variable numbers of chromosomes.Wild sugarcane species intercrossed with each other,leading to development of the‘Nobilization’breeding strategy,which significantly improved yield,sucrose,fiber content,and disease resistance,and accelerated genetic improvement of cultivars.In recent years,scientific achievements have also been made in sugarcane genome sequencing,molecular marker development,genetic linkage map construction,localization of quantitative trait locus(QTL),and trait-associated gene identification.This review focuses on the progress in sugarcane genetic research,analyzes the technical difficulties faced,presents opportunities and challenges,and provides guidance and references for future sugarcane genetics research and cultivar breeding.Finally,it offers directions for future on sugarcane genetics.
文摘Genetic variability among sugarcane genotypes from the Karst region of China was evaluated using genotype-specific microsatellite (SSR) markers. Eighteen sugarcane genotypes including 13 active cultivars and five elite QT-series clones bred locally were screened for genetic variability with 21 SSR primer pairs. All the primer pairs were highly polymorphic and amplified a total of 167 alleles with an average of eight alleles per primer pair. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) value was 0.86 with a range of 0.68 and 0.92. A UPGMA dendrogram categorized the 18 sugarcane genotypes into three major groups containing three, ten and five genotypes, respectively. No geographical affinity was observed among genotypes within the same group. Eight SSR primer pairs produced cultivar-specific alleles, of which five alleles were unique to the QT-series clones, namely, SMC334BS-165 and SMC851MS-145 in QT 08-558, mSSCIR43-229 in QT 4, SM597CS-182 in QT 08-536 and SMC7CUQ-168 in QT 06-212. The clone-specific SSR alleles will be useful in identifying elite QT-series clones for use in the sugarcane crossing programs in China.
基金国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD30B00)广西区回国基金(桂科回0991011)+2 种基金广西自然科学基金(桂科基0639009)广西甘蔗分子遗传与品种改良研究重点实验室建设项目the USDA-ARS,Sugarcane Research Laboratory,Houma,LA,U.S.A.under a Non-funded Cooperative Agreement(USDA Control No.410334) between the Sugarcane Research Center,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007 and the USDA-ARS,Sugarcane Research Laboratory,Houma,LA70360,U.S.A~~
文摘Sweet sorghum has been suggested as a feedstock into the sugarcane mills for sucrose production in Zimbabwe and Swaziland. Sweet sorghum is widely grown by subsistence farmers and matures in 3 to 6 months in February, March and April, before sugarcane harvesting begins. Sweet sorghum has low sucrose content that is difficult to extract during processing. The hypothesis of the study was that sweet sorghum was a potential feedstock to sugarcane mills for the production of sugar and ethanol. The objective of this study was to investigate the trends in starch and sucrose content of four sweet sorghum genotypes namely M337, M81-E, Theis and Topper, and evaluate the potential of sweet sorghum as a feed stock for sugar and ethanol production. The sorghum juice was collected on August 10, August 24, September 8, September 18 and October 2, 2006 and starch and sucrose content were determined. There were significant （P 〈 0.001） genotypes by sampling date interaction effects. Both starch and sucrose content increased with crop sampling date. Genotypes M337 and Theis were late maturing for sucrose content compared to M81-E and Topper. All genotypes except M337 produced no significant increase in starch after 101DAP. Trends in sucrose and starch content were similar, indicating the reason sucrose was difficult to extract from sweet sorghum. The impact of this study would be boosting the incomes of small scale growers who would be subcontracted by the sugar mills to produce sweet sorghum as a feedstock to the mills before sugarcane matures.
