This paper presents new geological and geochemical data from the Shuanghu area in northern Tibet, which recorded the Early Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event. The stratigraphic succession in the Shuanghu area consists most...This paper presents new geological and geochemical data from the Shuanghu area in northern Tibet, which recorded the Early Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event. The stratigraphic succession in the Shuanghu area consists mostly of grey to dark-colored alternating oil shales, marls and mudstones. Ammonite beds are found at the top of the Shuanghu oil shale section, which are principally of early Toarcian age, roughly within the Harplocearas falciferrum Zone. Therefore, the oil shale strata at Shuanghu can be correlated with early Toarcian black shales distributing extensively in the European epicontinental seas that contain the records of an Oceanic Anoxic Event. Sedimentary organic matter of laminated shale anomalously rich in organic carbon across the Shuanghu area is characterized by high organic carbon contents, ranging from 1.8% to 26.1%. The carbon isotope curve displays the δ 13C values of the kerogen (δ 13Ckerogen) fluctuating from –26.22 to –23.53‰ PDB with a positive excursion close to 2.17‰, which, albeit significantly smaller, may also have been associated with other Early Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAEs) in Europe. The organic atomic C/N ratios range between 6 and 43, and the curve of C/N ratios is consistent with that of the δ 13Ckerogen values. The biological assemblage, characterized by scarcity of benthic organisms and bloom of calcareous nannofossils (coccoliths), reveals high biological productivity in the surface water and an unfavorable environment for the benthic fauna in the bottom water during the Oceanic Anoxic Event. On the basis of organic geochemistry and characteristics of the biological assemblage, this study suggests that the carbon-isotope excursion is caused by the changes of sea level and productivity, and that the black shale deposition, especially oil shales, is related to the bloom and high productivity of coccoliths.展开更多
Hydrogen molybdenum bronze (HxMoO3) can be electrodeposited on platinum and oxidized in two steps to the hydrogen molybdenum bronze with less amount of hydrogen HyMoO3 (y<x) and MoO3 when platinum electrode is cycl...Hydrogen molybdenum bronze (HxMoO3) can be electrodeposited on platinum and oxidized in two steps to the hydrogen molybdenum bronze with less amount of hydrogen HyMoO3 (y<x) and MoO3 when platinum electrode is cycled from -0.2 to 1.3V (vs. SCE) in 0.05 mol/L Na2MoO4 + 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 solution. During the formation of HxMoO3, the electrochemical reduction of molybdate existing in the form of polymolydate is reversible and is about a five-electron transfer reaction.展开更多
The nitrogen modified lignocelluloses(NML) produced under oxic ammoniation was metabolized by white rot fungus, NH + 4 N was released, NO - 3 N concentration was decreased and total nitrogen loss was blocked wi...The nitrogen modified lignocelluloses(NML) produced under oxic ammoniation was metabolized by white rot fungus, NH + 4 N was released, NO - 3 N concentration was decreased and total nitrogen loss was blocked within incubation period. During releasing nitrogen from the metabolism of NML, white rot fungus cometabolized recalcitrant environmental pollutants and showed higher degradation capability. Results indicated that this NML complex colonized by white rot fungus might be effective with economic feasibility when they are applied into the vast field ecosystem, it might stabilize NH + 4 nitrogen flux and bioremediate the polluted environmental sites.展开更多
Photoelectrocatalytic degradation performance of quinoline in saline water was investigated using a new-designed continuous flow three-dimensional electrode-packed bed photocatalytic reactor. It is interesting to find...Photoelectrocatalytic degradation performance of quinoline in saline water was investigated using a new-designed continuous flow three-dimensional electrode-packed bed photocatalytic reactor. It is interesting to find that chloride ion has an obvious enhancement effect rather than a scavenging effect on the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of quinoline, and create a kinetic synergetic effect in the photoelectrocatalytic reactor.展开更多
There is a particular characteristic in the formation of the Upper Paleozoic gas pool in the Ordos Basin that is its water-gas interface migrated regional during geological history. However, there has been lack of det...There is a particular characteristic in the formation of the Upper Paleozoic gas pool in the Ordos Basin that is its water-gas interface migrated regional during geological history. However, there has been lack of detailed research on this problem and also no similar report on other basins. In this paper, the formation time of the fluid inclusions formed in the water-gas transition zone of the gas pool was deduced using their trapping temperatures and combining of the burial with geothermal history of the basin. On the basis of this, the isochrone of water-gas interface migration for the gas pool was mapped. The result shows that the gas pool began to form around the Yanan Area at about 165Ma,and then developed and enlarged toward the north direction.The gas pool finally formed at about 129 Ma. Since the basin uplifted from the late Cretaceous and gas supply decreased,the water-gas interface of the gas pool migrated back to the present position.展开更多
Normal alkane compounds dodecane, penta- decane, hexadecane, octadecane, tetracosane, isoprenoid alkane pristane and a crude oil sample were aerobically bio- degraded with a pure bacterial strain GIM2.5 and white rot ...Normal alkane compounds dodecane, penta- decane, hexadecane, octadecane, tetracosane, isoprenoid alkane pristane and a crude oil sample were aerobically bio- degraded with a pure bacterial strain GIM2.5 and white rot fungus Phanerochaete Chrysosporium-1767 to monitor the kinetic fractionation of the molecular stable carbon (δ C) 13 and hydrogen (δ D) isotopes in the course of biodegradation. Both δ C (V-PDB ) and δ D (V-SMOW) remained stable for 13 the standard alkane compounds and n-alkane components (from n-C13 to n-C25) of the crude oil, generally varying in the range of ±0.5‰ and ±5‰ respectively, within the range of the instrumental precisions, especially for those molecularly heavier than n-C16 during microbial degradation. These re- sults indicate that molecular stable carbon and hydrogen isotopic fingerprints can be promising indicators for tracing the sources of petroleum-related contaminants in the envi- ronment, especially in the case of severe weathering when they are difficult to be unambiguously identified by the chemical fingerprints alone.展开更多
文摘This paper presents new geological and geochemical data from the Shuanghu area in northern Tibet, which recorded the Early Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event. The stratigraphic succession in the Shuanghu area consists mostly of grey to dark-colored alternating oil shales, marls and mudstones. Ammonite beds are found at the top of the Shuanghu oil shale section, which are principally of early Toarcian age, roughly within the Harplocearas falciferrum Zone. Therefore, the oil shale strata at Shuanghu can be correlated with early Toarcian black shales distributing extensively in the European epicontinental seas that contain the records of an Oceanic Anoxic Event. Sedimentary organic matter of laminated shale anomalously rich in organic carbon across the Shuanghu area is characterized by high organic carbon contents, ranging from 1.8% to 26.1%. The carbon isotope curve displays the δ 13C values of the kerogen (δ 13Ckerogen) fluctuating from –26.22 to –23.53‰ PDB with a positive excursion close to 2.17‰, which, albeit significantly smaller, may also have been associated with other Early Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAEs) in Europe. The organic atomic C/N ratios range between 6 and 43, and the curve of C/N ratios is consistent with that of the δ 13Ckerogen values. The biological assemblage, characterized by scarcity of benthic organisms and bloom of calcareous nannofossils (coccoliths), reveals high biological productivity in the surface water and an unfavorable environment for the benthic fauna in the bottom water during the Oceanic Anoxic Event. On the basis of organic geochemistry and characteristics of the biological assemblage, this study suggests that the carbon-isotope excursion is caused by the changes of sea level and productivity, and that the black shale deposition, especially oil shales, is related to the bloom and high productivity of coccoliths.
文摘Hydrogen molybdenum bronze (HxMoO3) can be electrodeposited on platinum and oxidized in two steps to the hydrogen molybdenum bronze with less amount of hydrogen HyMoO3 (y<x) and MoO3 when platinum electrode is cycled from -0.2 to 1.3V (vs. SCE) in 0.05 mol/L Na2MoO4 + 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 solution. During the formation of HxMoO3, the electrochemical reduction of molybdate existing in the form of polymolydate is reversible and is about a five-electron transfer reaction.
文摘The nitrogen modified lignocelluloses(NML) produced under oxic ammoniation was metabolized by white rot fungus, NH + 4 N was released, NO - 3 N concentration was decreased and total nitrogen loss was blocked within incubation period. During releasing nitrogen from the metabolism of NML, white rot fungus cometabolized recalcitrant environmental pollutants and showed higher degradation capability. Results indicated that this NML complex colonized by white rot fungus might be effective with economic feasibility when they are applied into the vast field ecosystem, it might stabilize NH + 4 nitrogen flux and bioremediate the polluted environmental sites.
文摘Photoelectrocatalytic degradation performance of quinoline in saline water was investigated using a new-designed continuous flow three-dimensional electrode-packed bed photocatalytic reactor. It is interesting to find that chloride ion has an obvious enhancement effect rather than a scavenging effect on the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of quinoline, and create a kinetic synergetic effect in the photoelectrocatalytic reactor.
文摘There is a particular characteristic in the formation of the Upper Paleozoic gas pool in the Ordos Basin that is its water-gas interface migrated regional during geological history. However, there has been lack of detailed research on this problem and also no similar report on other basins. In this paper, the formation time of the fluid inclusions formed in the water-gas transition zone of the gas pool was deduced using their trapping temperatures and combining of the burial with geothermal history of the basin. On the basis of this, the isochrone of water-gas interface migration for the gas pool was mapped. The result shows that the gas pool began to form around the Yanan Area at about 165Ma,and then developed and enlarged toward the north direction.The gas pool finally formed at about 129 Ma. Since the basin uplifted from the late Cretaceous and gas supply decreased,the water-gas interface of the gas pool migrated back to the present position.
文摘Normal alkane compounds dodecane, penta- decane, hexadecane, octadecane, tetracosane, isoprenoid alkane pristane and a crude oil sample were aerobically bio- degraded with a pure bacterial strain GIM2.5 and white rot fungus Phanerochaete Chrysosporium-1767 to monitor the kinetic fractionation of the molecular stable carbon (δ C) 13 and hydrogen (δ D) isotopes in the course of biodegradation. Both δ C (V-PDB ) and δ D (V-SMOW) remained stable for 13 the standard alkane compounds and n-alkane components (from n-C13 to n-C25) of the crude oil, generally varying in the range of ±0.5‰ and ±5‰ respectively, within the range of the instrumental precisions, especially for those molecularly heavier than n-C16 during microbial degradation. These re- sults indicate that molecular stable carbon and hydrogen isotopic fingerprints can be promising indicators for tracing the sources of petroleum-related contaminants in the envi- ronment, especially in the case of severe weathering when they are difficult to be unambiguously identified by the chemical fingerprints alone.
