Peripheral nerve injury causes severe neuroinflammation and has become a global medical challenge.Previous research has demonstrated that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel exhibits excellent biological prop...Peripheral nerve injury causes severe neuroinflammation and has become a global medical challenge.Previous research has demonstrated that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel exhibits excellent biological properties and tissue specificity,highlighting its potential as a biomedical material for the repair of severe peripheral nerve injury;however,its role in modulating neuroinflammation post-peripheral nerve injury remains unknown.Here,we aimed to characterize the anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel and their underlying molecular mechanisms.Using peripheral nerve injury model rats treated with porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel,we evaluated structural and functional recovery,macrophage phenotype alteration,specific cytokine expression,and changes in related signaling molecules in vivo.Similar parameters were evaluated in vitro using monocyte/macrophage cell lines stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and cultured on porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel-coated plates in complete medium.These comprehensive analyses revealed that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel attenuated the activation of excessive inflammation at the early stage of peripheral nerve injury and increased the proportion of the M2 subtype in monocytes/macrophages.Additionally,porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel negatively regulated the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB axis both in vivo and in vitro.Our findings suggest that the efficacious anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel induce M2 macrophage polarization via suppression of the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB pathway,providing new insights into the therapeutic mechanism of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel in peripheral nerve injury.展开更多
Broadband near-infrared(NIR)phosphor-conve rted light-emitting diode(pc-LED)is a new generation of light source for spectroscopy applications.Current studies generate a broad continuous NIR spectrum to promise the det...Broadband near-infrared(NIR)phosphor-conve rted light-emitting diode(pc-LED)is a new generation of light source for spectroscopy applications.Current studies generate a broad continuous NIR spectrum to promise the detection of a wide range of substances.This paper reports a discontinuous NIR spectral distribution peaking at 760 and 1400 nm,respectively,by co-doping Cr^(3+)and Ni^(2+)ions into CaLu_(2)Mg_(2)Si_(3)O_(12)garnet.The benefit of such a discontinuous spectrum is its ability to prevent energy waste in specific applications,such as moisture(freshness)and hemoglobin detection,where only spectral bands near 750 and 1500 nm are required.The discontinuous spectrum is attributed to the ene rgy transfer from Cr^(3+)to Ni^(2+)ions.The NIR pc-LED fabricated by the new phosphor shows photoelectric efficiency of 9.12%@10 mA and NIR output power of 11.44 mW@100 mA.The NIR pc-LED also performs well when measuring alcohol solution where only a discontinuous spectrum is needed.These results highlight the potential of NIR phosphors with a discontinuous spectrum across a broad 700-1600 nm range.展开更多
Wetland ecosystems are critical habitats for various types of wild lives and are important components of global ecosystem. However, with climate change and human activities, wetlands are facing with degradation. Surfa...Wetland ecosystems are critical habitats for various types of wild lives and are important components of global ecosystem. However, with climate change and human activities, wetlands are facing with degradation. Surface water and groundwater(SW-GW) interactions play an essential role in matter and energy cycling in wetlands, and therefore affect the evolution and health of wetlands. But the role of groundwater in wetland ecosystems has been neglected or simplified. In this paper, we reviewed how surface water interacts with groundwater, and made a systematic summarization of the role of SW-GW interactions(such as maintaining water balance and biological diversity and removing pollution) in wetland ecological functions. We also reviewed the methods to investigate, simulate and quantify SW-GW interactions and related reactions. Finally, we illustrated how climate change and human activities affect SW-GW interactions and therefore affect wetland functions. We highlight the importance of groundwater in wetlands and the urgency to intensify the research in integrated multidisciplinary monitoring and simulation methods, dominant variables and thresholds and integrated water resources management of SW-GW interactions, and further aim to stimulate better protection and restoration of wetlands all over the world.展开更多
The granulation of blast furnace slag （BFS） with water quenching treatment has some disadvantages, such as high water consumption and difficulty for recovery heat. So developing a new dry granulation technique to tr...The granulation of blast furnace slag （BFS） with water quenching treatment has some disadvantages, such as high water consumption and difficulty for recovery heat. So developing a new dry granulation technique to treat BFS is very important. The applicability of BFS directly depends on the content of non-crystalline solids in the slag after treatment. So it is of theoretical and practical significance to analyze the content of non-crystalline solids in the slag quantitatively and simply. Metallographical test is mainly adopted to quantify the non-crystalline in BFS so far with the shortages such as complex sample, difficult determination, ect. The diffraction intensity of non-crystalline is proportionate to the content of non-crystalline in BFS, ~ray diffraction method was adopted to quantify the noncrystalline and the crystalline solids in BFS. The quantitative coefficient between the crystalline and the non-crystalline solids of BFS is 0.70 of BFS whose main composition （mass percent, %） is： CaO 38.2, SiO2 35.7, Al2Oa 16.3, and MgO 8.3. The relative error of X-ray diffractometer for quantitatively analyzing non-crystalline content of BFS is less than 1%.展开更多
The origin of the central Qiangtang metamorphic belt(CQMB)has long been in debate,which is not clear whether this belt is the exhumed Jinsha oceanic plate that had been subducted and underthrusted beneath the Qiangtan...The origin of the central Qiangtang metamorphic belt(CQMB)has long been in debate,which is not clear whether this belt is the exhumed Jinsha oceanic plate that had been subducted and underthrusted beneath the Qiangtang Block,or the in situ Longmu Co-Shuanghu suture that separated the south and north Qiangtang blocks.Here we report field observations,zircon U-Pb ages and Lu-Hf isotopes,as well as whole rock geochemistry and Sr-Nd isotopes of the Late Triassic volcanic rocks near the Chabo Co within the southern margin of the CQMB.The ca.229 Ma Chabo Co volcanic rocks and limestones possess characteristic lithologies of a seamount.Their geochemical and isotopic compositions are similar to OIB-type lavas.Unlike other metabasalts(eclogites and blueschists)in the CQMB,the Chabo Co volcanic rocks are OIB-type lavas that did not experience high-grade metamorphism;this is likely because that the Chabo Co seamount was detached from the subducting Longmu Co-Shuanghu oceanic slab.This work provides new solid evidences for an in situ origin of the CQMB.展开更多
Oxide interference correction plays a vital role in the accurate determination of trace element compositions of geological samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).In this study,we found that th...Oxide interference correction plays a vital role in the accurate determination of trace element compositions of geological samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).In this study,we found that the oxide production is mainly controlled by the gas flow of the ICP-MS and a constant oxide correction factor(OCF)can be measured during a routine analysis.Thus,we can obtain the oxide production by just investigating the gas flow for a fixed ICP-MS system with monitoring of OCF.Si,Ba and LREE oxide interferences on the Sc,Eu and Gd of four geological standard samples GSP-2,JP-1,GBW03112 and GBW03113 were corrected by such method and the results were in good agreement with the recommended values.Therefore,the present study provides a simple and fast correction method for the oxide interferences of the geological samples during the routine analyses.Furthermore,a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet template integrating the correction equations was developed in an in-house software(ICPMSData Cal)for effective calibration.展开更多
Electron beam welding of QCr0. 8 chromium bronze was ineestigated to improve weld appearance and reduce the size of softened zone of the joints. Effect of forced cooling on weld appearanee and microhardness of the joi...Electron beam welding of QCr0. 8 chromium bronze was ineestigated to improve weld appearance and reduce the size of softened zone of the joints. Effect of forced cooling on weld appearanee and microhardness of the joints was studied by both experiment and numerical simulation. Both welding with and without forced cooling were conducted and analyzed comparatively. The results showed that a quasi steady state temperature.field and a large temperature gradient perpendicular to welding direction could achieved by forced cooling. A consistent weld width throughout the entire weld and smooth surface for both the top and bottom was achieved by forced cooling process. The width of softened zone of the joint was reduced from 2. 6 mm to I mm by forced cooling.展开更多
The mechanical property and forming limit experiments were carried out on a higli manganese TRIP/TWIP steels with manganese of 18.8%. And the forming /imit diagram was obtained. This hig：h manganese steel shows outst...The mechanical property and forming limit experiments were carried out on a higli manganese TRIP/TWIP steels with manganese of 18.8%. And the forming /imit diagram was obtained. This hig：h manganese steel shows outstanding mechanical properties comhining high strength with good formability. Its limit plane strain corresponding to the lowest point in the plain strain condition is about 38%. The effects of conventional mechanical property on the limit plane strain were analyzed. With increasing the content of Mn, the limit plane strain increases, indicating that TWlP effect is advantageous to the increase of formability. Combining with three classical models and volume invaria ble principle, a FLD model was buih, which is suitable for high manganese steels very well.展开更多
Soil contamination in agroecosystems remains a global environmental problem. Biochar has been suggested as an organic amendment to alleviate soil pollution, sequester carbon(C), and improve soil fertility. However, in...Soil contamination in agroecosystems remains a global environmental problem. Biochar has been suggested as an organic amendment to alleviate soil pollution, sequester carbon(C), and improve soil fertility. However, information on how bacterial and fungal communities in acidic bulk and rhizosphere soils respond to swine manure and its biochar is still lacking. In this study, biochar and swine manure were applied at two rates of 1.5 and 3 t ha-1in a rice-wheat rotation field to assess how soil characteristics, especially p H and chemical element availability, correlate to compositional variations of bacteria and fungi in bulk and rhizosphere soils. Our results showed that high rates of biochar and manure promoted the bacterial richness in bulk and rhizosphere soils by increasing soil pH and reducing soil arsenic(As) and copper(Cu) availability. Compared with soil As and Cu availability, soil p H had opposite effects on beta diversity of both the bacterial and fungal communities. Specifically, biochar and swine manure applications stimulated the bacterial classes Gemmatimonadetes, Deltaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria by increasing soil pH and decreasing soil available chemical elements. Opposite trends were observed in fungal communities responding to biochar and manure. For example, biochar restrained the fungal class Eurotiomycetes by decreasing soil As and Cu availability, but manure inhibited Leotiomycetes mainly because of an increase in soil pH and a decrease in soil dissolved organic C. These suggest that both bacterial and fungal communities respond significantly to biochar and manure amendments in both bulk and rhizosphere soils, possibly because of their sensitive adaptation to variations in soil environmental factors, such as pH level and chemical element availability.展开更多
Achieving accurate classification of colorectal polyps during colonoscopy can avoid unnecessary endoscopic biopsy or resection.This study aimed to develop a deep learning model that can automatically classify colorect...Achieving accurate classification of colorectal polyps during colonoscopy can avoid unnecessary endoscopic biopsy or resection.This study aimed to develop a deep learning model that can automatically classify colorectal polyps histologically on white-light and narrow-band imaging(NBI)colonoscopy images based on World Health Organization(WHO)and Workgroup serrAted polypS and Polyposis(WASP)classification criteria for colorectal polyps.White-light and NBI colonoscopy images of colorectal polyps exhibiting pathological results were firstly collected and classified into four categories:conventional adenoma,hyperplastic polyp,sessile serrated adenoma/polyp(SSAP)and normal,among which conventional adenoma could be further divided into three sub-categories of tubular adenoma,villous adenoma and villioustublar adenoma,subsequently the images were re-classified into six categories.In this paper,we proposed a novel convolutional neural network termed Polyp-DedNet for the four-and six-category classification tasks of colorectal polyps.Based on the existing classification network ResNet50,Polyp-DedNet adopted dilated convolution to retain more high-dimensional spatial information and an Efficient Channel Attention(ECA)module to improve the classification performance further.To eliminate gridding artifacts caused by dilated convolutions,traditional convolutional layers were used instead of the max pooling layer,and two convolutional layers with progressively decreasing dilation were added at the end of the network.Due to the inevitable imbalance of medical image data,a regularization method DropBlock and a Class-Balanced(CB)Loss were performed to prevent network overfitting.Furthermore,the 5-fold cross-validation was adopted to estimate the performance of Polyp-DedNet for the multi-classification task of colorectal polyps.Mean accuracies of the proposed Polyp-DedNet for the four-and six-category classifications of colorectal polyps were 89.91%±0.92%and 85.13%±1.10%,respectively.The metrics of precision,recall and F1-score were also improved by 1%∼2%compared to the baseline ResNet50.The proposed Polyp-DedNet presented state-of-the-art performance for colorectal polyp classifying on white-light and NBI colonoscopy images,highlighting its considerable potential as an AI-assistant system for accurate colorectal polyp diagnosis in colonoscopy.展开更多
Recent trends in road engineering have explored the potential of incorporating recycled solid wastes into infrastructures that including pavements,bridges,tunnels,and accessory structures.The utilization of solid wast...Recent trends in road engineering have explored the potential of incorporating recycled solid wastes into infrastructures that including pavements,bridges,tunnels,and accessory structures.The utilization of solid wastes is expected to offer sustainable solutions to waste recycling while enhancing the performance of roads.This review provides an extensive analysis of the recycling of three main types of solid wastes for road engineering purposes:industrial solid waste,infrastructure solid waste,and municipal life solid waste.Industrial solid wastes suitable for road engineering generally include coal gangue,fly ash,blast furnace slag,silica fume,and steel slag,etc.Infrastructure solid wastes recycled in road engineering primarily consist of construction&demolition waste,reclaimed asphalt pavements,and recycled cement concrete.Furthermore,recent exploration has extended to the utilization of municipal life solid wastes,such as incinerated bottom ash,glass waste,electronics waste,plastic waste,and rubber waste in road engineering applications.These recycled solid wastes are categorized into solid waste aggregates,solid waste cements,and solid waste fillers,each playing distinct roles in road infrastructure.Roles of solid waste acting aggregates,cements,and fillers in road infrastructures were fully investigated,including their pozzolanic properties,integration effects to virgin materials,modification or enhancement solutions,engineering performances.Utilization of these materials not only addresses the challenge of waste management but also offers environmental benefits aiming carbon neutral and contributes to sustainable infrastructure development.However,challenges such as variability in material properties,environmental impact mitigation,secondary pollution to environment by leaching,and concerns regarding long-term performance need to be further addressed.Despite these challenges,the recycled solid wastes hold immense potential in revolutionizing road construction practices and fostering environmental stewardship.This review delves into a bird’seye view of the utilization of recycled solid wastes in road engineering,highlighting advances,benefits,challenges,and future prospects.展开更多
Reaction infiltration instability(RII)can cause the formation of melt channels and potentially facilitate the physical transport of sulfide liquid,which contributes to the geochemical evolution of chalcophile elements...Reaction infiltration instability(RII)can cause the formation of melt channels and potentially facilitate the physical transport of sulfide liquid,which contributes to the geochemical evolution of chalcophile elements in the lithospheric mantle.This study conducted some two-layer reaction experiments to explore the feasibility of reaction-driven sulfide migration along high-velocity silicate-melt channels.With increasing duration,the formation of more silicate-melt channels and the transport of more sulfide droplets into a depleted peridotite were observed due to the increase of the local permeability.However,at a longer duration,the presence of some melt-channel relics implies that melt channels are temporary and ultimately closed when the reaction infiltration of silicate melt reached equilibrium in the depleted peridotite.Furthermore,theoretical calculations indicate that the RII of the system is suppressed,which impedes the formation of melt channels.The homogeneous distribution of silicate melt in a sulfide-free experiment implies that the Zener pinning of sulfide probably enhances the RII,thereby facilitating the formation of temporary melt channels.Therefore,this study demonstrates that sufficient silicate melt disequilibrium with solid phases in a liquid source potentially promotes the mechanical extraction of sulfides during reaction infiltration of silicate melt.展开更多
Nondestructive and noninvasive neutron assays are essential applications of neutron techniques.Neutron resonance transmission analysis(NRTA)is a powerful nondestructive method for investigating the elemental compositi...Nondestructive and noninvasive neutron assays are essential applications of neutron techniques.Neutron resonance transmission analysis(NRTA)is a powerful nondestructive method for investigating the elemental composition of an object.The back-streaming neutron line(Back-n)is a newly built time-of-flight facility at the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)that provides neutrons in the eV to 300 MeV range.A feasibility study of the NRTA method for nuclide identification was conducted at the CSNS Back-n via two test experiments.The results demonstrate that it is feasible to identify different elements and isotopes in samples using the NRTA method at Back-n.This study reveals its potential future applications.展开更多
In carbohydrate chemistry,the stereoselective synthesis of 1,2-cis-glycosides remains a formidable challenge.This complexity is comparable to the synthesis of 1,2-cis-β-D-mannosides,primarily due to the adverse anome...In carbohydrate chemistry,the stereoselective synthesis of 1,2-cis-glycosides remains a formidable challenge.This complexity is comparable to the synthesis of 1,2-cis-β-D-mannosides,primarily due to the adverse anomeric andΔ-2 effects.Over the past decades,to attainβ-stereoselectivity in D-rhamnosylation,researchers have devised numerous direct and indirect methodologies,including the hydrogen-bond-mediated aglycone delivery(HAD)method,the synthesis ofβ-D-mannoside paired with C6 deoxygenation,and the combined approach of 1,2-trans-glycosylation and C2 epimerization.This review elaborates on the advancements inβ-Drhamnosylation and its implications for the total synthesis of tiacumicin B and other physiologically relevant glycans.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acute decompensation(AD)of cirrhosis is associated with high short-term mortality,mainly due to the development of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).Thus,there is a need for biomarkers for early and accu...BACKGROUND Acute decompensation(AD)of cirrhosis is associated with high short-term mortality,mainly due to the development of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).Thus,there is a need for biomarkers for early and accurate identification of AD patients with high risk of development of ACLF and mortality.Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1(sTREM-1)is released from activated innate immune cells and correlated with various inflammatory processes.AIM To explore the prognostic value of sTREM-1 in patients with AD of cirrhosis.METHODS A multicenter prospective cohort of 442 patients with cirrhosis hospitalized for AD was divided into a study cohort(n=309)and validation cohort(n=133).Demographic and clinical data were collected,and serum sTREM-1 was measured at admission.All enrolled patients were followed-up for at least 1 year.RESULTS In patients with AD and cirrhosis,serum sTREM-1 was an independent prognosis predictor for 1-year survival and correlated with liver,coagulation,cerebral and kidney failure.A new prognostic model of AD(P-AD)incorporating sTREM-1,blood urea nitrogen(BUN),total bilirubin(TBil),international normalized ratio(INR)and hepatic encephalopathy grades was established and performed better than the model for end-stage liver disease(MELD),MELD-sodium(MELD-Na),chronic liver failure-consortium(CLIF-C)ACLF and CLIF-C AD scores.Additionally,sTREM-1 was increased in ACLF and predicted the development of ACLF during first 28-d follow-up.The ACLF risk score incorporating serum sTREM-1,BUN,INR,TBil and aspartate aminotransferase levels was established and significantly superior to MELD,MELD-Na,CLIF-C ACLF,CLIF-C AD and P-AD in predicting risk of ACLF development.CONCLUSION Serum sTREM-1 is a promising prognostic biomarker for ACLF development and mortality in patients with AD of cirrhosis.展开更多
Seafloor geodetic network construction involves the development of geodetic station shelter, network configuration design, location selection and layout, surveying strategy, observation model establishment and optimiz...Seafloor geodetic network construction involves the development of geodetic station shelter, network configuration design, location selection and layout, surveying strategy, observation model establishment and optimization, data processing strategy and so on. This paper tries to present main technological problems involved in the seafloor geodetic network construction, and seek the technically feasible solutions. Basic conceptions of developing seafloor geodetic station shelters for shallow sea and deep-sea are described respectively. The overall criteria of seafloor geodetic network construction for submarine navigation and those of network design for crustal motion monitoring are both proposed. In order to enhance application performances of the seafloor geodetic network, the seafloor network configuration should prefer a symmetrical network structure. The sea surface tracking line measurements for determining the seafloor geodetic station position should also adopt an approximately symmetrical configuration, and we recommend circle tracking line observations combined with cross-shaped line(or double cross-shape line) observations for the seafloor positioning mode. As to the offset correction between the Global Navigation Satellite System antenna phase center and the acoustic transducer, it is recommended to combine the calibration through external measurements and model parameter estimation. Besides, it is suggested to correct the sound speed error with a combination of observation value correction and parameterized model correction, and to mainly use the model correction to reduce the influence of acoustic ray error on the seafloor positioning. Following the proposed basic designs, experiments are performed in shallow sea area and deep-sea area respectively. Based on the developed seafloor geodetic shelter and sufficient verification in the shallow sea experiment, a long-term seafloor geodetic station in the deep-sea area of 3000 m depth was established for the first time, and the preliminary positioning result shows that the internal precision of this station is better than 5 cm.展开更多
The ground-state mass excess of the T_(z)=−2 drip-line nucleus ^(22)Al is measured for the first time as 18103(10)keV using the newly-developed Bρ-defined isochronous mass spectrometry method at the cooler storage ri...The ground-state mass excess of the T_(z)=−2 drip-line nucleus ^(22)Al is measured for the first time as 18103(10)keV using the newly-developed Bρ-defined isochronous mass spectrometry method at the cooler storage ring in Lanzhou.The new mass excess value allowed us to determine the excitation energies of the two low-lying 1+states in ^(22)Al with significantly reduced uncertainties of 51 keV.When compared to the analogue states in its mirror nucleus ^(22)F,the mirror energy differences of the two 1^(+)states in the ^(22)Al-^(22)F mirror pair are determined to be−625(51)keV and−330(51)keV.The excitation energies and mirror energy differences are used to test the state-of-the-art ab initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group calculations with four sets of interactions derived from the chiral effective field theory.The mechanism leading to the large mirror energy differences is investigated and attributed to the occupation of theπs_(1/2) orbital.展开更多
Orthopedic implant-associated infections pose a significant clinical challenge,often requiring surgical intervention along with systemic antibiotic treatments.To address this issue,we developed a novel approach using&...Orthopedic implant-associated infections pose a significant clinical challenge,often requiring surgical intervention along with systemic antibiotic treatments.To address this issue,we developed a novel approach usingÅngstrom-scale silver particles(AgAPs)with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties.Specifically,we formulated a polyethylene glycol hydrogel infused with AgAPs(Gel-AgAPs)designed for treating fracture fixation infections.This novel hydrogel formulation is injectable,ensuring precise adherence to both the exposed tissue and fracture surfaces,thereby allowing the direct targeted action of AgAPs at the infection site.The Gel-AgAPs significantly reduced the infection caused by Escherichia coli(a model pathogen of orthopedic implant infection)in a murine femoral fracture model.Moreover,the Gel-AgAPs-treated infected fractures healed completely within 6 weeks,exhibiting bone formation and mechanical strength comparable to those of uninfected fractures.Further analysis revealed a significant downregulation of local inflammatory response as evidenced by a lower expression of inflammatory markers in Gel-AgAPs-treated fractures compared to untreated infected controls.Furthermore,Gel-AgAPs exhibited a unique ability to inhibit osteoclast differentiation,a critical factor in infection-induced bone degradation,without impacting osteoblast activity.In conclusion,Gel-AgAPs exerted a dual therapeutic effect by eradicating bacterial infection and mitigating inflammation-induced osteoclast activity,thereby expediting infected fracture healing.This innovative approach is a promising therapeutic alternative to conventional antibiotic treatments,potentially transforming the treatment landscape for orthopedic implant-associated infections.展开更多
OFET-type optical memories using light bias as the fourth terminal enable low voltage electrical stresses to suffice in generating substantial memory window and photoassisted multibit storage.The undefined molecular s...OFET-type optical memories using light bias as the fourth terminal enable low voltage electrical stresses to suffice in generating substantial memory window and photoassisted multibit storage.The undefined molecular structure and trapping mechanism of most storage media limit their practical applications.Herein,we report a series of charge trapping materials with the rigid and planar conjugated structure of benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene(BDT)acting as the charge trapping site and photoresponsive group,while the insulated(triisopropylsilyl)acetylene(TIPS)unit is introduced to prevent the leakage path of the charge.The pentacene-based OFET memory with solution-processing TTIPS-BDT shows fast trapping speed,tunable ambipolar memory,large memory window and reliable charge retention,which is obviously improved compare to the performance of BDT and DTIPS-BDT devices.In addition,the charge trapping,memory characteristics and photoresponsive behaviors are also discussed in detail.The TTIPS-BDT device shows a specific response to green light illumination.This study suggests that BDT derivatives serving as charge trapping elements possess potential applications in future photoresponsive memory and plastic electronics.展开更多
Global agriculture faces critical challenges due to the overreliance on chemical pesticides,driving an urgent need for eco-friendly biopesticides and biostimulants(BioP&S).Plant-derived peptides,evolved as natural...Global agriculture faces critical challenges due to the overreliance on chemical pesticides,driving an urgent need for eco-friendly biopesticides and biostimulants(BioP&S).Plant-derived peptides,evolved as natural reg-ulators of growth,development,and stress adaptation,offer immense potential as biodegradable and biocom-patible alternatives.However,their commercialization remains constrained by limited exploration of the diver-sity and activity,high production costs,incomplete ecological risk evaluations,and undeffned application scenarios.This Perspective overviews emerging discoveries and proposes integrated frameworks for plant peptide identiffcation,molecular design,biomanufacturing,and ecological impact assessments integrated with germplasm development and ffeld application systems.To overcome existing bottlenecks,we discuss the integrative potential of emerging technologies that synergistically combine artiffcial intelligence for high-throughput peptide discovery and de novo structural reffnement,nanotechnology for enhancing environ-mental resilience and targeted delivery,and synthetic biology for developing industrial biomanufacturing platforms.We emphasize the need to align phytopeptide BioP&S with compatible germplasm resources,stage-speciffc crop requirements,and complementary chemical pesticides to maximize their efffcacy,cost-effectiveness,and trait-speciffc agronomic performance by integrating with precision agriculture systems.Future advancements will rely on interdisciplinary innovations and policy support to unlock their full potential in enhancing crop resilience,productivity,and quality while ensuring ecological sustainability.展开更多
基金supported by the Shenzhen Hong Kong Joint Funding Project,No.SGDX20230116093645007(to LY)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee International Cooperation Project,No.GJHZ20200731095608025(to LY)+7 种基金Shenzhen Development and Reform Commission’s Intelligent Diagnosis,Treatment and Prevention of Adolescent Spinal Health Public Service Platform,No.S2002Q84500835(to LY)Shenzhen Medical Research Fund,No.B2303005(to LY)Team-based Medical Science Research Program,No.2024YZZ02(to LY)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.LWQ20H170001(to RL)Basic Research Project of Shenzhen Science and Technology from Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission,No.JCYJ20210324103010029(to BY)Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital Clinical Research Fund of Guangdong Province High-level Hospital Construction Project,Nos.2023yjlcyj029(to BY),2023yjlcyj021(to LL)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,No.2022A1515110679(to LL)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2022M722203(to GL).
文摘Peripheral nerve injury causes severe neuroinflammation and has become a global medical challenge.Previous research has demonstrated that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel exhibits excellent biological properties and tissue specificity,highlighting its potential as a biomedical material for the repair of severe peripheral nerve injury;however,its role in modulating neuroinflammation post-peripheral nerve injury remains unknown.Here,we aimed to characterize the anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel and their underlying molecular mechanisms.Using peripheral nerve injury model rats treated with porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel,we evaluated structural and functional recovery,macrophage phenotype alteration,specific cytokine expression,and changes in related signaling molecules in vivo.Similar parameters were evaluated in vitro using monocyte/macrophage cell lines stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and cultured on porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel-coated plates in complete medium.These comprehensive analyses revealed that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel attenuated the activation of excessive inflammation at the early stage of peripheral nerve injury and increased the proportion of the M2 subtype in monocytes/macrophages.Additionally,porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel negatively regulated the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB axis both in vivo and in vitro.Our findings suggest that the efficacious anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel induce M2 macrophage polarization via suppression of the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB pathway,providing new insights into the therapeutic mechanism of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel in peripheral nerve injury.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12074373,12474415,U22A20139)the Major Science and Technology Project of Anhui Province(2021e03020007)+1 种基金the Developing Project of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(the Natural Science Foundation,20210101473JC)the Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials(ASM-202205)。
文摘Broadband near-infrared(NIR)phosphor-conve rted light-emitting diode(pc-LED)is a new generation of light source for spectroscopy applications.Current studies generate a broad continuous NIR spectrum to promise the detection of a wide range of substances.This paper reports a discontinuous NIR spectral distribution peaking at 760 and 1400 nm,respectively,by co-doping Cr^(3+)and Ni^(2+)ions into CaLu_(2)Mg_(2)Si_(3)O_(12)garnet.The benefit of such a discontinuous spectrum is its ability to prevent energy waste in specific applications,such as moisture(freshness)and hemoglobin detection,where only spectral bands near 750 and 1500 nm are required.The discontinuous spectrum is attributed to the ene rgy transfer from Cr^(3+)to Ni^(2+)ions.The NIR pc-LED fabricated by the new phosphor shows photoelectric efficiency of 9.12%@10 mA and NIR output power of 11.44 mW@100 mA.The NIR pc-LED also performs well when measuring alcohol solution where only a discontinuous spectrum is needed.These results highlight the potential of NIR phosphors with a discontinuous spectrum across a broad 700-1600 nm range.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41630318,41521001)the Project of China Geological Survey(Nos.121201001000150121,DD20190263,2019040022)the Research Program for Geological Processes,Resources and Environment in the Yangtze River Basin(No.CUGCJ1702)。
文摘Wetland ecosystems are critical habitats for various types of wild lives and are important components of global ecosystem. However, with climate change and human activities, wetlands are facing with degradation. Surface water and groundwater(SW-GW) interactions play an essential role in matter and energy cycling in wetlands, and therefore affect the evolution and health of wetlands. But the role of groundwater in wetland ecosystems has been neglected or simplified. In this paper, we reviewed how surface water interacts with groundwater, and made a systematic summarization of the role of SW-GW interactions(such as maintaining water balance and biological diversity and removing pollution) in wetland ecological functions. We also reviewed the methods to investigate, simulate and quantify SW-GW interactions and related reactions. Finally, we illustrated how climate change and human activities affect SW-GW interactions and therefore affect wetland functions. We highlight the importance of groundwater in wetlands and the urgency to intensify the research in integrated multidisciplinary monitoring and simulation methods, dominant variables and thresholds and integrated water resources management of SW-GW interactions, and further aim to stimulate better protection and restoration of wetlands all over the world.
基金Item Sponsored by National Key Technology Research and Development Programin 11th Five-Year Plan of China(2006BAE03A00,2008BAE67B01)
文摘The granulation of blast furnace slag （BFS） with water quenching treatment has some disadvantages, such as high water consumption and difficulty for recovery heat. So developing a new dry granulation technique to treat BFS is very important. The applicability of BFS directly depends on the content of non-crystalline solids in the slag after treatment. So it is of theoretical and practical significance to analyze the content of non-crystalline solids in the slag quantitatively and simply. Metallographical test is mainly adopted to quantify the non-crystalline in BFS so far with the shortages such as complex sample, difficult determination, ect. The diffraction intensity of non-crystalline is proportionate to the content of non-crystalline in BFS, ~ray diffraction method was adopted to quantify the noncrystalline and the crystalline solids in BFS. The quantitative coefficient between the crystalline and the non-crystalline solids of BFS is 0.70 of BFS whose main composition （mass percent, %） is： CaO 38.2, SiO2 35.7, Al2Oa 16.3, and MgO 8.3. The relative error of X-ray diffractometer for quantitatively analyzing non-crystalline content of BFS is less than 1%.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41702212,41672054)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities,China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) (Nos. CUGL170816 and CUGQYZX1745)
文摘The origin of the central Qiangtang metamorphic belt(CQMB)has long been in debate,which is not clear whether this belt is the exhumed Jinsha oceanic plate that had been subducted and underthrusted beneath the Qiangtang Block,or the in situ Longmu Co-Shuanghu suture that separated the south and north Qiangtang blocks.Here we report field observations,zircon U-Pb ages and Lu-Hf isotopes,as well as whole rock geochemistry and Sr-Nd isotopes of the Late Triassic volcanic rocks near the Chabo Co within the southern margin of the CQMB.The ca.229 Ma Chabo Co volcanic rocks and limestones possess characteristic lithologies of a seamount.Their geochemical and isotopic compositions are similar to OIB-type lavas.Unlike other metabasalts(eclogites and blueschists)in the CQMB,the Chabo Co volcanic rocks are OIB-type lavas that did not experience high-grade metamorphism;this is likely because that the Chabo Co seamount was detached from the subducting Longmu Co-Shuanghu oceanic slab.This work provides new solid evidences for an in situ origin of the CQMB.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41473031,41530211)the MOST Special Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan (No. MSFGPMR01)
文摘Oxide interference correction plays a vital role in the accurate determination of trace element compositions of geological samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).In this study,we found that the oxide production is mainly controlled by the gas flow of the ICP-MS and a constant oxide correction factor(OCF)can be measured during a routine analysis.Thus,we can obtain the oxide production by just investigating the gas flow for a fixed ICP-MS system with monitoring of OCF.Si,Ba and LREE oxide interferences on the Sc,Eu and Gd of four geological standard samples GSP-2,JP-1,GBW03112 and GBW03113 were corrected by such method and the results were in good agreement with the recommended values.Therefore,the present study provides a simple and fast correction method for the oxide interferences of the geological samples during the routine analyses.Furthermore,a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet template integrating the correction equations was developed in an in-house software(ICPMSData Cal)for effective calibration.
文摘Electron beam welding of QCr0. 8 chromium bronze was ineestigated to improve weld appearance and reduce the size of softened zone of the joints. Effect of forced cooling on weld appearanee and microhardness of the joints was studied by both experiment and numerical simulation. Both welding with and without forced cooling were conducted and analyzed comparatively. The results showed that a quasi steady state temperature.field and a large temperature gradient perpendicular to welding direction could achieved by forced cooling. A consistent weld width throughout the entire weld and smooth surface for both the top and bottom was achieved by forced cooling process. The width of softened zone of the joint was reduced from 2. 6 mm to I mm by forced cooling.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50771019,50901014)Open Project Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation of Northeastern University of China(2009001)
文摘The mechanical property and forming limit experiments were carried out on a higli manganese TRIP/TWIP steels with manganese of 18.8%. And the forming /imit diagram was obtained. This hig：h manganese steel shows outstanding mechanical properties comhining high strength with good formability. Its limit plane strain corresponding to the lowest point in the plain strain condition is about 38%. The effects of conventional mechanical property on the limit plane strain were analyzed. With increasing the content of Mn, the limit plane strain increases, indicating that TWlP effect is advantageous to the increase of formability. Combining with three classical models and volume invaria ble principle, a FLD model was buih, which is suitable for high manganese steels very well.
基金financially funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 42277282 and41601334)the Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project of Zhejiang Province,China (NoLGF21D010002)+4 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province,China (No. 2020C01017)the State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products,Ningbo University,China (No. KF20190106)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,China (No. 2022A1515010861)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (No. JCYJ20220530150201003)the Young Teachers Team Project of Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Sun Yat-sen University,China (No. 22qntd2702)。
文摘Soil contamination in agroecosystems remains a global environmental problem. Biochar has been suggested as an organic amendment to alleviate soil pollution, sequester carbon(C), and improve soil fertility. However, information on how bacterial and fungal communities in acidic bulk and rhizosphere soils respond to swine manure and its biochar is still lacking. In this study, biochar and swine manure were applied at two rates of 1.5 and 3 t ha-1in a rice-wheat rotation field to assess how soil characteristics, especially p H and chemical element availability, correlate to compositional variations of bacteria and fungi in bulk and rhizosphere soils. Our results showed that high rates of biochar and manure promoted the bacterial richness in bulk and rhizosphere soils by increasing soil pH and reducing soil arsenic(As) and copper(Cu) availability. Compared with soil As and Cu availability, soil p H had opposite effects on beta diversity of both the bacterial and fungal communities. Specifically, biochar and swine manure applications stimulated the bacterial classes Gemmatimonadetes, Deltaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria by increasing soil pH and decreasing soil available chemical elements. Opposite trends were observed in fungal communities responding to biochar and manure. For example, biochar restrained the fungal class Eurotiomycetes by decreasing soil As and Cu availability, but manure inhibited Leotiomycetes mainly because of an increase in soil pH and a decrease in soil dissolved organic C. These suggest that both bacterial and fungal communities respond significantly to biochar and manure amendments in both bulk and rhizosphere soils, possibly because of their sensitive adaptation to variations in soil environmental factors, such as pH level and chemical element availability.
基金funded by the Research Fund for Foundation of Hebei University(DXK201914)the President of Hebei University(XZJJ201914)+3 种基金the Post-graduate’s Innovation Fund Project of Hebei University(HBU2022SS003)the Special Project for Cultivating College Students’Scientific and Technological Innovation Ability in Hebei Province(22E50041D)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021A1515011654)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(20720210117).
文摘Achieving accurate classification of colorectal polyps during colonoscopy can avoid unnecessary endoscopic biopsy or resection.This study aimed to develop a deep learning model that can automatically classify colorectal polyps histologically on white-light and narrow-band imaging(NBI)colonoscopy images based on World Health Organization(WHO)and Workgroup serrAted polypS and Polyposis(WASP)classification criteria for colorectal polyps.White-light and NBI colonoscopy images of colorectal polyps exhibiting pathological results were firstly collected and classified into four categories:conventional adenoma,hyperplastic polyp,sessile serrated adenoma/polyp(SSAP)and normal,among which conventional adenoma could be further divided into three sub-categories of tubular adenoma,villous adenoma and villioustublar adenoma,subsequently the images were re-classified into six categories.In this paper,we proposed a novel convolutional neural network termed Polyp-DedNet for the four-and six-category classification tasks of colorectal polyps.Based on the existing classification network ResNet50,Polyp-DedNet adopted dilated convolution to retain more high-dimensional spatial information and an Efficient Channel Attention(ECA)module to improve the classification performance further.To eliminate gridding artifacts caused by dilated convolutions,traditional convolutional layers were used instead of the max pooling layer,and two convolutional layers with progressively decreasing dilation were added at the end of the network.Due to the inevitable imbalance of medical image data,a regularization method DropBlock and a Class-Balanced(CB)Loss were performed to prevent network overfitting.Furthermore,the 5-fold cross-validation was adopted to estimate the performance of Polyp-DedNet for the multi-classification task of colorectal polyps.Mean accuracies of the proposed Polyp-DedNet for the four-and six-category classifications of colorectal polyps were 89.91%±0.92%and 85.13%±1.10%,respectively.The metrics of precision,recall and F1-score were also improved by 1%∼2%compared to the baseline ResNet50.The proposed Polyp-DedNet presented state-of-the-art performance for colorectal polyp classifying on white-light and NBI colonoscopy images,highlighting its considerable potential as an AI-assistant system for accurate colorectal polyp diagnosis in colonoscopy.
基金A number of financial funding including the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52278455,52268068,52078018,52208434)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFE0137300)+5 种基金the ShuGuang Program of Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(No.21SG24)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M711079)Provincial Natural Science Foundation/Postdoctoral Research Grant/Science and Technology Project(Nos.222300420142,202103107,192102310229)have to be acknowledged for supporting this manuscript.As well,some university's funding including Chang'an University(No.CHD300102213507)Changsha University of Science and Technology(No.KFJ230206)Henan University of Technology(No.21420156)are also appreciated.Meanwhile,the strong supports from the Editor Office of Journal of Road Engineering have to be highly acknowledged for their kindly inviting,guiding,assisting,and improving on the manuscript of current review.
文摘Recent trends in road engineering have explored the potential of incorporating recycled solid wastes into infrastructures that including pavements,bridges,tunnels,and accessory structures.The utilization of solid wastes is expected to offer sustainable solutions to waste recycling while enhancing the performance of roads.This review provides an extensive analysis of the recycling of three main types of solid wastes for road engineering purposes:industrial solid waste,infrastructure solid waste,and municipal life solid waste.Industrial solid wastes suitable for road engineering generally include coal gangue,fly ash,blast furnace slag,silica fume,and steel slag,etc.Infrastructure solid wastes recycled in road engineering primarily consist of construction&demolition waste,reclaimed asphalt pavements,and recycled cement concrete.Furthermore,recent exploration has extended to the utilization of municipal life solid wastes,such as incinerated bottom ash,glass waste,electronics waste,plastic waste,and rubber waste in road engineering applications.These recycled solid wastes are categorized into solid waste aggregates,solid waste cements,and solid waste fillers,each playing distinct roles in road infrastructure.Roles of solid waste acting aggregates,cements,and fillers in road infrastructures were fully investigated,including their pozzolanic properties,integration effects to virgin materials,modification or enhancement solutions,engineering performances.Utilization of these materials not only addresses the challenge of waste management but also offers environmental benefits aiming carbon neutral and contributes to sustainable infrastructure development.However,challenges such as variability in material properties,environmental impact mitigation,secondary pollution to environment by leaching,and concerns regarding long-term performance need to be further addressed.Despite these challenges,the recycled solid wastes hold immense potential in revolutionizing road construction practices and fostering environmental stewardship.This review delves into a bird’seye view of the utilization of recycled solid wastes in road engineering,highlighting advances,benefits,challenges,and future prospects.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40172068).
文摘Reaction infiltration instability(RII)can cause the formation of melt channels and potentially facilitate the physical transport of sulfide liquid,which contributes to the geochemical evolution of chalcophile elements in the lithospheric mantle.This study conducted some two-layer reaction experiments to explore the feasibility of reaction-driven sulfide migration along high-velocity silicate-melt channels.With increasing duration,the formation of more silicate-melt channels and the transport of more sulfide droplets into a depleted peridotite were observed due to the increase of the local permeability.However,at a longer duration,the presence of some melt-channel relics implies that melt channels are temporary and ultimately closed when the reaction infiltration of silicate melt reached equilibrium in the depleted peridotite.Furthermore,theoretical calculations indicate that the RII of the system is suppressed,which impedes the formation of melt channels.The homogeneous distribution of silicate melt in a sulfide-free experiment implies that the Zener pinning of sulfide probably enhances the RII,thereby facilitating the formation of temporary melt channels.Therefore,this study demonstrates that sufficient silicate melt disequilibrium with solid phases in a liquid source potentially promotes the mechanical extraction of sulfides during reaction infiltration of silicate melt.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12035017)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.2023014)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2020A1515010360 and 2022B1515120032).
文摘Nondestructive and noninvasive neutron assays are essential applications of neutron techniques.Neutron resonance transmission analysis(NRTA)is a powerful nondestructive method for investigating the elemental composition of an object.The back-streaming neutron line(Back-n)is a newly built time-of-flight facility at the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)that provides neutrons in the eV to 300 MeV range.A feasibility study of the NRTA method for nuclide identification was conducted at the CSNS Back-n via two test experiments.The results demonstrate that it is feasible to identify different elements and isotopes in samples using the NRTA method at Back-n.This study reveals its potential future applications.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.232300421374),the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(No.222102310231)the Zhongjing Young Scientist Program of Henan University of Chinese Medicine(No.00104311-2022-1-1-70)+1 种基金the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology,Ministry of Education(No.KLCCB-KF202203)the China Postdoctoral Science Fund Project(No.2021M690936).
文摘In carbohydrate chemistry,the stereoselective synthesis of 1,2-cis-glycosides remains a formidable challenge.This complexity is comparable to the synthesis of 1,2-cis-β-D-mannosides,primarily due to the adverse anomeric andΔ-2 effects.Over the past decades,to attainβ-stereoselectivity in D-rhamnosylation,researchers have devised numerous direct and indirect methodologies,including the hydrogen-bond-mediated aglycone delivery(HAD)method,the synthesis ofβ-D-mannoside paired with C6 deoxygenation,and the combined approach of 1,2-trans-glycosylation and C2 epimerization.This review elaborates on the advancements inβ-Drhamnosylation and its implications for the total synthesis of tiacumicin B and other physiologically relevant glycans.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81970550,No.82070613 and No.82370638Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China,No.2021JJ31067 and No.2021JJ41048+1 种基金Hunan innovative province construction project,No.2023JJ10095Innovative Talented Project of Hunan province,China,No.2022RC1212.
文摘BACKGROUND Acute decompensation(AD)of cirrhosis is associated with high short-term mortality,mainly due to the development of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).Thus,there is a need for biomarkers for early and accurate identification of AD patients with high risk of development of ACLF and mortality.Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1(sTREM-1)is released from activated innate immune cells and correlated with various inflammatory processes.AIM To explore the prognostic value of sTREM-1 in patients with AD of cirrhosis.METHODS A multicenter prospective cohort of 442 patients with cirrhosis hospitalized for AD was divided into a study cohort(n=309)and validation cohort(n=133).Demographic and clinical data were collected,and serum sTREM-1 was measured at admission.All enrolled patients were followed-up for at least 1 year.RESULTS In patients with AD and cirrhosis,serum sTREM-1 was an independent prognosis predictor for 1-year survival and correlated with liver,coagulation,cerebral and kidney failure.A new prognostic model of AD(P-AD)incorporating sTREM-1,blood urea nitrogen(BUN),total bilirubin(TBil),international normalized ratio(INR)and hepatic encephalopathy grades was established and performed better than the model for end-stage liver disease(MELD),MELD-sodium(MELD-Na),chronic liver failure-consortium(CLIF-C)ACLF and CLIF-C AD scores.Additionally,sTREM-1 was increased in ACLF and predicted the development of ACLF during first 28-d follow-up.The ACLF risk score incorporating serum sTREM-1,BUN,INR,TBil and aspartate aminotransferase levels was established and significantly superior to MELD,MELD-Na,CLIF-C ACLF,CLIF-C AD and P-AD in predicting risk of ACLF development.CONCLUSION Serum sTREM-1 is a promising prognostic biomarker for ACLF development and mortality in patients with AD of cirrhosis.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFB0501700)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41931076, 41874016 & 61801137)。
文摘Seafloor geodetic network construction involves the development of geodetic station shelter, network configuration design, location selection and layout, surveying strategy, observation model establishment and optimization, data processing strategy and so on. This paper tries to present main technological problems involved in the seafloor geodetic network construction, and seek the technically feasible solutions. Basic conceptions of developing seafloor geodetic station shelters for shallow sea and deep-sea are described respectively. The overall criteria of seafloor geodetic network construction for submarine navigation and those of network design for crustal motion monitoring are both proposed. In order to enhance application performances of the seafloor geodetic network, the seafloor network configuration should prefer a symmetrical network structure. The sea surface tracking line measurements for determining the seafloor geodetic station position should also adopt an approximately symmetrical configuration, and we recommend circle tracking line observations combined with cross-shaped line(or double cross-shape line) observations for the seafloor positioning mode. As to the offset correction between the Global Navigation Satellite System antenna phase center and the acoustic transducer, it is recommended to combine the calibration through external measurements and model parameter estimation. Besides, it is suggested to correct the sound speed error with a combination of observation value correction and parameterized model correction, and to mainly use the model correction to reduce the influence of acoustic ray error on the seafloor positioning. Following the proposed basic designs, experiments are performed in shallow sea area and deep-sea area respectively. Based on the developed seafloor geodetic shelter and sufficient verification in the shallow sea experiment, a long-term seafloor geodetic station in the deep-sea area of 3000 m depth was established for the first time, and the preliminary positioning result shows that the internal precision of this station is better than 5 cm.
基金Supported in part by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB34000000)the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (YSBR-002)+4 种基金the National Nature Science Foundation of China (12135017,12121005,11975280,12105333,12205340,12322507,12305126,12305151)the Gansu Natural Science Foundation (22JR5RA123,23JRRA614)the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFA1601500)Support from the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (2021419,2022423)support from Young Scholar of Regional Development,CAS ([2023]15).
文摘The ground-state mass excess of the T_(z)=−2 drip-line nucleus ^(22)Al is measured for the first time as 18103(10)keV using the newly-developed Bρ-defined isochronous mass spectrometry method at the cooler storage ring in Lanzhou.The new mass excess value allowed us to determine the excitation energies of the two low-lying 1+states in ^(22)Al with significantly reduced uncertainties of 51 keV.When compared to the analogue states in its mirror nucleus ^(22)F,the mirror energy differences of the two 1^(+)states in the ^(22)Al-^(22)F mirror pair are determined to be−625(51)keV and−330(51)keV.The excitation energies and mirror energy differences are used to test the state-of-the-art ab initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group calculations with four sets of interactions derived from the chiral effective field theory.The mechanism leading to the large mirror energy differences is investigated and attributed to the occupation of theπs_(1/2) orbital.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.:82125023 and 82072504 to HX and grant no.:82272562 to ZW)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(Grant no.:2023RC3075 to ZW)the Hunan Province Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.:2023JJ20096 to ZW and grant no.:2023JJ30872 to WD).
文摘Orthopedic implant-associated infections pose a significant clinical challenge,often requiring surgical intervention along with systemic antibiotic treatments.To address this issue,we developed a novel approach usingÅngstrom-scale silver particles(AgAPs)with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties.Specifically,we formulated a polyethylene glycol hydrogel infused with AgAPs(Gel-AgAPs)designed for treating fracture fixation infections.This novel hydrogel formulation is injectable,ensuring precise adherence to both the exposed tissue and fracture surfaces,thereby allowing the direct targeted action of AgAPs at the infection site.The Gel-AgAPs significantly reduced the infection caused by Escherichia coli(a model pathogen of orthopedic implant infection)in a murine femoral fracture model.Moreover,the Gel-AgAPs-treated infected fractures healed completely within 6 weeks,exhibiting bone formation and mechanical strength comparable to those of uninfected fractures.Further analysis revealed a significant downregulation of local inflammatory response as evidenced by a lower expression of inflammatory markers in Gel-AgAPs-treated fractures compared to untreated infected controls.Furthermore,Gel-AgAPs exhibited a unique ability to inhibit osteoclast differentiation,a critical factor in infection-induced bone degradation,without impacting osteoblast activity.In conclusion,Gel-AgAPs exerted a dual therapeutic effect by eradicating bacterial infection and mitigating inflammation-induced osteoclast activity,thereby expediting infected fracture healing.This innovative approach is a promising therapeutic alternative to conventional antibiotic treatments,potentially transforming the treatment landscape for orthopedic implant-associated infections.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62288102,51933005,61604081)the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFB3612600)+1 种基金the Basic Research Program of Jiangsu(BK20240033)the Natural Science Foundation Project of Jilin Province(20230101294JC).
文摘OFET-type optical memories using light bias as the fourth terminal enable low voltage electrical stresses to suffice in generating substantial memory window and photoassisted multibit storage.The undefined molecular structure and trapping mechanism of most storage media limit their practical applications.Herein,we report a series of charge trapping materials with the rigid and planar conjugated structure of benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene(BDT)acting as the charge trapping site and photoresponsive group,while the insulated(triisopropylsilyl)acetylene(TIPS)unit is introduced to prevent the leakage path of the charge.The pentacene-based OFET memory with solution-processing TTIPS-BDT shows fast trapping speed,tunable ambipolar memory,large memory window and reliable charge retention,which is obviously improved compare to the performance of BDT and DTIPS-BDT devices.In addition,the charge trapping,memory characteristics and photoresponsive behaviors are also discussed in detail.The TTIPS-BDT device shows a specific response to green light illumination.This study suggests that BDT derivatives serving as charge trapping elements possess potential applications in future photoresponsive memory and plastic electronics.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2023YFD1200502-3)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32030078 and U21A20209)+2 种基金the Sichuan Science and Technol-ogy Program(2025YFHZ0227)the Gatsby Charitable Foundation(to C.Z.)the University of Zurich(to C.Z.).
文摘Global agriculture faces critical challenges due to the overreliance on chemical pesticides,driving an urgent need for eco-friendly biopesticides and biostimulants(BioP&S).Plant-derived peptides,evolved as natural reg-ulators of growth,development,and stress adaptation,offer immense potential as biodegradable and biocom-patible alternatives.However,their commercialization remains constrained by limited exploration of the diver-sity and activity,high production costs,incomplete ecological risk evaluations,and undeffned application scenarios.This Perspective overviews emerging discoveries and proposes integrated frameworks for plant peptide identiffcation,molecular design,biomanufacturing,and ecological impact assessments integrated with germplasm development and ffeld application systems.To overcome existing bottlenecks,we discuss the integrative potential of emerging technologies that synergistically combine artiffcial intelligence for high-throughput peptide discovery and de novo structural reffnement,nanotechnology for enhancing environ-mental resilience and targeted delivery,and synthetic biology for developing industrial biomanufacturing platforms.We emphasize the need to align phytopeptide BioP&S with compatible germplasm resources,stage-speciffc crop requirements,and complementary chemical pesticides to maximize their efffcacy,cost-effectiveness,and trait-speciffc agronomic performance by integrating with precision agriculture systems.Future advancements will rely on interdisciplinary innovations and policy support to unlock their full potential in enhancing crop resilience,productivity,and quality while ensuring ecological sustainability.
