Microneedles(MNs)offer a precise and minimally invasive platform for delivering vaccines and therapeutic agents directly into the skin,leveraging the abundance of tissue-resident immune cells to elicit robust and dura...Microneedles(MNs)offer a precise and minimally invasive platform for delivering vaccines and therapeutic agents directly into the skin,leveraging the abundance of tissue-resident immune cells to elicit robust and durable immune responses.Compared to traditional intramuscular or subcutaneous vaccination methods,MNbased vaccines demonstrate superior patient compliance,enhanced antigen stability,and heightened immunogenicity,positioning them as a promising tool in biomedical applications.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the materials and fabrication techniques used in MN preparation,explores their structural classifications,and examines the role of antigens and adjuvants in optimizing vaccine efficacy.Furthermore,the diverse applications of MN delivery systems in preventing infectious diseases,advancing tumor immunotherapy,and addressing other immune-related conditions are discussed.展开更多
The structural modulation of metal-based heterostructure plays a vital role in achieving enhanced performances for highly efficient electrocatalysis.Here we design submonolayered Ru-modified Pd mesoporous nanosheets(P...The structural modulation of metal-based heterostructure plays a vital role in achieving enhanced performances for highly efficient electrocatalysis.Here we design submonolayered Ru-modified Pd mesoporous nanosheets(Pd-Ru MNSs)with the exposure of both Pd and Ru active sites as well as the high atomic utilization of two-dimensional structure.The obtained Pd-Ru MNSs can act as a highly efficient multifunctional catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and alcohol oxidation reactions including ethylene glycol oxidation(EGOR)and ethanol oxidation(EOR),offering new opportunities towards the alcohol oxidation assisted hydrogen production.Specifically,Pd-Ru MNSs demonstrate excellent HER performance in alkaline electrolyte,requiring an overpotential of only 16mV to reach 10mAcm^(−2),significantly outperforming Pd mesoporous nanosheets and commercial catalysts.Density functional theory calculations reveal that the Ru sites in Pd-Ru MNSs could facilitate the water adsorption,accelerate the water dissociation,and optimize the hydrogen desorption,leading to the superior HER activity.Pd-Ru MNSs also exhibit high mass activities of 11.19 A mg^(−1)Pd for EGOR and 8.84 A mg^(−1)Pd for EOR,which is 7.8 and 9.6 times than that of commercial Pd/C,respectively.The EGOR reaction pathway over Pd-Ru MNSs was further investigated by using in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.展开更多
Particle formulation engineering stands as a focal point of research and a critical trajectory within the chemical industry.In response to the challenges associated with antigen/drug delivery,our research group has pr...Particle formulation engineering stands as a focal point of research and a critical trajectory within the chemical industry.In response to the challenges associated with antigen/drug delivery,our research group has proposed a suite of strategies centered on micro/nanoparticle platforms.This review integrates our investigations into the applications of particles across various dimensions in biomedical delivery systems.Specifically,it delineates the mechanisms by which particles augment vaccine-induced immune responses,notably through antigen cross-presentation,and the pivotal roles they play in facilitating drug-mediated targeting of cancer cells via confined mass transfer.This review also encompasses recent advancements in particle formulations,offering prospective insights into the utilization of chemical engineering principles in the design of nextgeneration biomedical delivery systems.展开更多
1.EMT in cancer metastasis and chemoresistance Cancer metastasis is contingent on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of cancer cells.During EMT,epithelial cancer cells transform into a mesenchymal phenotype,whi...1.EMT in cancer metastasis and chemoresistance Cancer metastasis is contingent on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of cancer cells.During EMT,epithelial cancer cells transform into a mesenchymal phenotype,which endows cancer cells with enhanced migratory and invasive abilities,promoting their dissemination throughout the body.EMT also contributes significantly to chemoresistance,allowing cancer cells to survive and metastasize even after chemotherapy[1].展开更多
Sonodynamic therapy(SDT)as an emerging modality for malignant tumors mainly involves in sonosensitizers and low-intensity ultrasound(US),which can safely penetrate the tissue without significant attenuation.SDT not on...Sonodynamic therapy(SDT)as an emerging modality for malignant tumors mainly involves in sonosensitizers and low-intensity ultrasound(US),which can safely penetrate the tissue without significant attenuation.SDT not only has the advantages including high precision,non-invasiveness,and minimal side effects,but also overcomes the limitation of low penetration of light to deep tumors.The cytotoxic reactive oxygen species can be produced by the utilization of sonosensitizers combined with US and kill tumor cells.However,the underlying mechanism of SDT has not been elucidated,and its unsatisfactory efficiency retards its further clinical application.Herein,we shed light on the main mechanisms of SDT and the types of sonosensitizers,including organic sonosensitizers and inorganic sonosensitizers.Due to the development of nanotechnology,many novel nanoplatforms are utilized in this arisen field to solve the barriers of sonosensitizers and enable continuous innovation.This review also highlights the potential advantages of nanosonosensitizers and focus on the enhanced efficiency of SDT based on nanosonosensitizers with monotherapy or synergistic therapy for deep tumors that are difficult to reach by traditional treatment,especially orthotopic cancers.展开更多
Inspired by the visual neurons of biological systems,optoelectronic synaptic devices integrate photoresponsive semiconductor materials to convert light into electrical signals,enabling biomimetic visual perception sys...Inspired by the visual neurons of biological systems,optoelectronic synaptic devices integrate photoresponsive semiconductor materials to convert light into electrical signals,enabling biomimetic visual perception systems.Achieving memory retention and intelligent perceptual functions continues to pose a major hurdle in the advancement of neuromorphic artificial synapse devices.This review begins with an exploration of biological neural synapses,analyzing the fundamental characteristics and structures of biomimetic optoelectronic synapses.It then delves into the design of device and material structures to achieve postsynaptic current and memory behavior,elucidating their underlying mechanisms.Furthermore,the latest application scenarios of these devices are summarized,highlighting the opportunities and challenges in their future development.This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the advancements in optoelectronic synapses,from material innovations to neuromorphic applications,paving the way for next-generation artificial visual systems and neuromorphic computing.展开更多
Melanin is an advanced polymer with exceptional properties,widely used across cosmetics,pharmaceuticals,environmental applications,and more.However,its broader use is constrained by high production costs and limited a...Melanin is an advanced polymer with exceptional properties,widely used across cosmetics,pharmaceuticals,environmental applications,and more.However,its broader use is constrained by high production costs and limited availability.Lignin,the most abundant and renewable aromatic compound in nature,presents a promising alternative for synthesizing melanin.This study focuses on converting plentiful and cost-effective lignin into melanin through the metabolic engineering of Cupriavidus necator H16.By constructing and optimizing metabolic pathways,engineered C.necator strains were developed to synthesize melanin from lignin monomers and lignin hydrolysates.Using substrates like p-coumaric acid,caffeic acid,ferulic acid,and lignin hydrolysates,the resting cell method with C.necator produced 0.86,1.00,0.52,and 0.32 g L^(-1)of melanin,respectively.The purified melanin was analyzed and identified spectrally,revealing characteristics of isomelanin.Furthermore,sun protection factor studies demonstrated that the produced melanin offered significant UV protection.The use of engineered C.necator to convert abundant lignin hydrolysates into melanin holds great promise for reducing production costs and expanding its applications.展开更多
Fusobacterium nucleatum(Fn),an oral anaerobic commensal,has recently been identified as a crucial oncogenic contributor to colorectal cancer pathogenesis through its ectopic colonization in the gastrointestinal tract....Fusobacterium nucleatum(Fn),an oral anaerobic commensal,has recently been identified as a crucial oncogenic contributor to colorectal cancer pathogenesis through its ectopic colonization in the gastrointestinal tract.Accumulating evidence reveals its multifaceted involvement in colorectal cancer initiation,progression,metastasis,and therapeutic resistance to conventional treatments,including chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and immunotherapy.This perspective highlights recent advances in anti-Fn strategies,including small-molecule inhibitors,nanomedicines,and biopharmaceuticals,while critically analyzing the translational barriers in developing targeted antimicrobial interventions.We further propose potential strategies to overcome current challenges in Fn modulation,aiming to pave the way for more effective therapeutic interventions and better clinical outcomes.展开更多
The unique physiological characteristics and complexity of tumor,in addition to drug resistance result in traditional therapies,such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy,being unable to achieve complete elimination of can...The unique physiological characteristics and complexity of tumor,in addition to drug resistance result in traditional therapies,such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy,being unable to achieve complete elimination of cancer cells.Meanwhile,the emerging immunotherapy suffers from a low patient response rate.Bacterial therapies are highly targeted.Bacteria can penetrate deep into the tumor and show good tumor inhibition.However,natural bacteria have the limitation of high toxicity and inability to meet the demand for efficient therapeutics.Recent advances in synthetic biology and materials science relate to the safety and efficacy of bacterial therapeutics,promising to develop engineered bacteria with low toxicity and complex therapeutic functions.Engineered bacteria that express anticancer drug molecules can target the tumor region,synthesizing and releasing payloads in response to internal and external stimuli.This process leads to the regression of the tumor and the effective inhibition of recurrence.This review outlines the recent advancements in the field of engineered bacteria research,particularly focusing on their applications in anti-tumor therapy.It also includes the advantageous features and mechanisms of engineered bacteria therapy,synthetic biology modification methods,and future challenges and directions of engineered bacteria therapy.展开更多
Developing noble-metal-free oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts with stable performance at large working current is an imperative and yet formidable challenge for practical large scale water splitting.In th...Developing noble-metal-free oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts with stable performance at large working current is an imperative and yet formidable challenge for practical large scale water splitting.In this study,by inheriting hierarchical nanostructure and elemental homogeneity of Prussian blue analogues,a series of medium entropy transition metal phosphides(METMP)OER catalysts with high cost-effectivity,efficiency and stability were precisely prepared.Specifically,the METMP-based((FeCoNi)P/Ni_(2)P-NF)catalyst demonstrates exceptional performance with an overpotential of only 232 mV at 50 mA·cm^(-2)and a Tafel slope of 52.7 mV·dec^(-1),significantly superior to its less entropy counterparts and commercial RuO_(2-).Moreover,it even maintains stability at the industrial standard current density of 500 mA·cm^(-2)for over 200 h.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicates that the synergistic effect of Fe,Co,Ni modulates electronic structure of METMPs,which effectively reduces the energy barrier for the rate-determining HOO*formation step,thereby considerably enhancing catalytic activity.This work not only contributes to the fundamental understanding of the role of medium/high entropy in catalysis but also paves the way for the development of next-generation electrocatalysts for energy-related applications.展开更多
Energy dissipation caused byπ-πstacking and bond rotation has long hindered the practical application of imine-based covalent organic frameworks(COFs)in the optical field.In this study,we constructed a class of COFs...Energy dissipation caused byπ-πstacking and bond rotation has long hindered the practical application of imine-based covalent organic frameworks(COFs)in the optical field.In this study,we constructed a class of COFs with dual-mode fluorescence emission,overcoming the intrinsically low fluorescence efficiency limitations of imine-based COFs.The non-coplanar linker molecules endow the novel COFs with aggregation-induced emission effects.Furthermore,the enol-keto tautomerism generated during COFs synthesis not only restricted bond rotation but also induced excited-state intramolecular proton transfer,further enhancing fluorescence output.Through the combined action of these two luminescent modes,the obtained imine-based COF-2 and COF-3 exhibited high quantum yields of reaching 10.7%and 13.1%,respectively.The broad photoexcitation range and intense fluorescence emission provide a stable internal reference during detection,reducing signal interference from environmental variations.Combined with the sensitized luminescence produced by rare earth ions on antibiotics,a new ratiometric probe can be constructed to detect trace amounts of antibiotics in water.This work presents a new strategy for designing fluorescent imine-based COFs,promoting their potential application in the field of luminescent sensing.展开更多
Nucleic acid drugs represent the latest generation of precision therapeutics,holding significant promise for the treatment of a wide range of intractable diseases.Delivery technology is crucial for the clinical applic...Nucleic acid drugs represent the latest generation of precision therapeutics,holding significant promise for the treatment of a wide range of intractable diseases.Delivery technology is crucial for the clinical application of nucleic acid drugs.However,extrahepatic delivery of nucleic acid drugs remains a significant challenge.Sys-temic administration often fails to achieve sufficient drug enrichment in target tissues.Localized administration has emerged as the predominant approach to facilitate extrahepatic delivery.While localized administration can significantly enhance drug accumulation at the injection sites,nucleic acid drugs still face biological barriers in reaching the target lesions.This review focuses on non-viral nucleic acid drug delivery techniques utilized in local administration for the treatment of extrahepatic diseases.First,the classification of nucleic acid drugs is described.Second,the current major non-viral delivery technologies for nucleic acid drugs are discussed.Third,the bio-barriers,administration approaches,and recent research advances in the local delivery of nucleic acid drugs for treating lung,brain,eye,skin,joint,and heart-related diseases are highlighted.Finally,the challenges associated with the localized therapeutic application of nucleic acid drugs are addressed.展开更多
Magnetic hyperthermia therapy(MHT)achieves precise tumor ablation by activating the magnetothermal conversion properties of functionalized biomaterials through an alternating magnetic field.Its advantages,such as non-...Magnetic hyperthermia therapy(MHT)achieves precise tumor ablation by activating the magnetothermal conversion properties of functionalized biomaterials through an alternating magnetic field.Its advantages,such as non-invasiveness,low toxicity,and unrestricted tissue penetration depth,endow it with great potential in the treatment of tumors,including glioblastoma multiforme.The design of materials across scales,from macroscopic to nanoscopic,is the core key to optimizing and enhancing the effectiveness of MHT.By regulating the material size(optimizing the NéelBrownian synergy),morphology(core-shell structure enhancing exchange coupling),and surface functionalization(e.g.,PEG modification to improve stability),the specific absorption rate can be significantly increased for improved cancer MHT efficacy.Therefore,this paper systematically reviews the mechanism innovation and clinical applications of multiscale(macroscopic/microscopic/nanoscopic)functionalized biomaterials in MHT.Moreover,it looks ahead to the prospects of the integration of material engineering,cross-scale thermal control,and multimodal therapy,providing a theoretical framework for the development of material media in the next generation of tumor hyperthermia technology.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Fund for National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22232006,22377127,and 52361145848)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-083)+2 种基金the Beijing Nova Program(Grant Nos.20230484352 and 20240484650)Institute of Process Engineering Project for Frontier Basic Research(Grant No.QYJC-2023-05)Progress of Strategy Priority Research Program(Category B)of CAS(Grant No.XDB0520300).
文摘Microneedles(MNs)offer a precise and minimally invasive platform for delivering vaccines and therapeutic agents directly into the skin,leveraging the abundance of tissue-resident immune cells to elicit robust and durable immune responses.Compared to traditional intramuscular or subcutaneous vaccination methods,MNbased vaccines demonstrate superior patient compliance,enhanced antigen stability,and heightened immunogenicity,positioning them as a promising tool in biomedical applications.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the materials and fabrication techniques used in MN preparation,explores their structural classifications,and examines the role of antigens and adjuvants in optimizing vaccine efficacy.Furthermore,the diverse applications of MN delivery systems in preventing infectious diseases,advancing tumor immunotherapy,and addressing other immune-related conditions are discussed.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52471219)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.00007838)+5 种基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52471220 and U2441264)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2022A1515140051)financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.92163209)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.JQ22004)financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52476146)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515140059,2025A1515011255).
文摘The structural modulation of metal-based heterostructure plays a vital role in achieving enhanced performances for highly efficient electrocatalysis.Here we design submonolayered Ru-modified Pd mesoporous nanosheets(Pd-Ru MNSs)with the exposure of both Pd and Ru active sites as well as the high atomic utilization of two-dimensional structure.The obtained Pd-Ru MNSs can act as a highly efficient multifunctional catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and alcohol oxidation reactions including ethylene glycol oxidation(EGOR)and ethanol oxidation(EOR),offering new opportunities towards the alcohol oxidation assisted hydrogen production.Specifically,Pd-Ru MNSs demonstrate excellent HER performance in alkaline electrolyte,requiring an overpotential of only 16mV to reach 10mAcm^(−2),significantly outperforming Pd mesoporous nanosheets and commercial catalysts.Density functional theory calculations reveal that the Ru sites in Pd-Ru MNSs could facilitate the water adsorption,accelerate the water dissociation,and optimize the hydrogen desorption,leading to the superior HER activity.Pd-Ru MNSs also exhibit high mass activities of 11.19 A mg^(−1)Pd for EGOR and 8.84 A mg^(−1)Pd for EOR,which is 7.8 and 9.6 times than that of commercial Pd/C,respectively.The EGOR reaction pathway over Pd-Ru MNSs was further investigated by using in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82341405,32030062,and U20A20361)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFC2302603 and 2023YFC2307700)+1 种基金the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-083)the IPE Project for Frontier Basic Research(Grant No.QYJC-2022-012).
文摘Particle formulation engineering stands as a focal point of research and a critical trajectory within the chemical industry.In response to the challenges associated with antigen/drug delivery,our research group has proposed a suite of strategies centered on micro/nanoparticle platforms.This review integrates our investigations into the applications of particles across various dimensions in biomedical delivery systems.Specifically,it delineates the mechanisms by which particles augment vaccine-induced immune responses,notably through antigen cross-presentation,and the pivotal roles they play in facilitating drug-mediated targeting of cancer cells via confined mass transfer.This review also encompasses recent advancements in particle formulations,offering prospective insights into the utilization of chemical engineering principles in the design of nextgeneration biomedical delivery systems.
基金support from the National Science Foundation CAREER Award,USA(Grant No.:2143972)the National Institutes of Health through the Award,USA(Grant No.:R15CA274349).
文摘1.EMT in cancer metastasis and chemoresistance Cancer metastasis is contingent on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of cancer cells.During EMT,epithelial cancer cells transform into a mesenchymal phenotype,which endows cancer cells with enhanced migratory and invasive abilities,promoting their dissemination throughout the body.EMT also contributes significantly to chemoresistance,allowing cancer cells to survive and metastasize even after chemotherapy[1].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23A20573,U23A20140,22072154,and 22377127)Hebei Natural Science Foundation(B2024208046 and H2022423314)+2 种基金Huang jin tai plan project of Hebei provincial department of education(HJZD202512)S&T Program of Hebei,the Youth innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2021048)the Beijing Nova Program(No.20230484352).
文摘Sonodynamic therapy(SDT)as an emerging modality for malignant tumors mainly involves in sonosensitizers and low-intensity ultrasound(US),which can safely penetrate the tissue without significant attenuation.SDT not only has the advantages including high precision,non-invasiveness,and minimal side effects,but also overcomes the limitation of low penetration of light to deep tumors.The cytotoxic reactive oxygen species can be produced by the utilization of sonosensitizers combined with US and kill tumor cells.However,the underlying mechanism of SDT has not been elucidated,and its unsatisfactory efficiency retards its further clinical application.Herein,we shed light on the main mechanisms of SDT and the types of sonosensitizers,including organic sonosensitizers and inorganic sonosensitizers.Due to the development of nanotechnology,many novel nanoplatforms are utilized in this arisen field to solve the barriers of sonosensitizers and enable continuous innovation.This review also highlights the potential advantages of nanosonosensitizers and focus on the enhanced efficiency of SDT based on nanosonosensitizers with monotherapy or synergistic therapy for deep tumors that are difficult to reach by traditional treatment,especially orthotopic cancers.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFA1204500 and 2022YFA1204502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22293043 and 92163209)the IPE Project for Frontier Basic Research,China(No.QYJC-2023-08)
文摘Inspired by the visual neurons of biological systems,optoelectronic synaptic devices integrate photoresponsive semiconductor materials to convert light into electrical signals,enabling biomimetic visual perception systems.Achieving memory retention and intelligent perceptual functions continues to pose a major hurdle in the advancement of neuromorphic artificial synapse devices.This review begins with an exploration of biological neural synapses,analyzing the fundamental characteristics and structures of biomimetic optoelectronic synapses.It then delves into the design of device and material structures to achieve postsynaptic current and memory behavior,elucidating their underlying mechanisms.Furthermore,the latest application scenarios of these devices are summarized,highlighting the opportunities and challenges in their future development.This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the advancements in optoelectronic synapses,from material innovations to neuromorphic applications,paving the way for next-generation artificial visual systems and neuromorphic computing.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3403600)。
文摘Melanin is an advanced polymer with exceptional properties,widely used across cosmetics,pharmaceuticals,environmental applications,and more.However,its broader use is constrained by high production costs and limited availability.Lignin,the most abundant and renewable aromatic compound in nature,presents a promising alternative for synthesizing melanin.This study focuses on converting plentiful and cost-effective lignin into melanin through the metabolic engineering of Cupriavidus necator H16.By constructing and optimizing metabolic pathways,engineered C.necator strains were developed to synthesize melanin from lignin monomers and lignin hydrolysates.Using substrates like p-coumaric acid,caffeic acid,ferulic acid,and lignin hydrolysates,the resting cell method with C.necator produced 0.86,1.00,0.52,and 0.32 g L^(-1)of melanin,respectively.The purified melanin was analyzed and identified spectrally,revealing characteristics of isomelanin.Furthermore,sun protection factor studies demonstrated that the produced melanin offered significant UV protection.The use of engineered C.necator to convert abundant lignin hydrolysates into melanin holds great promise for reducing production costs and expanding its applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32422042 and 52203185 to D.Z.and T2225021 to W.W.)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2307700to W.W.)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M763294to J.L.).
文摘Fusobacterium nucleatum(Fn),an oral anaerobic commensal,has recently been identified as a crucial oncogenic contributor to colorectal cancer pathogenesis through its ectopic colonization in the gastrointestinal tract.Accumulating evidence reveals its multifaceted involvement in colorectal cancer initiation,progression,metastasis,and therapeutic resistance to conventional treatments,including chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and immunotherapy.This perspective highlights recent advances in anti-Fn strategies,including small-molecule inhibitors,nanomedicines,and biopharmaceuticals,while critically analyzing the translational barriers in developing targeted antimicrobial interventions.We further propose potential strategies to overcome current challenges in Fn modulation,aiming to pave the way for more effective therapeutic interventions and better clinical outcomes.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62375093 and 32422042)Technology Innovation Program of Hubei Province(2024BCB058)。
文摘The unique physiological characteristics and complexity of tumor,in addition to drug resistance result in traditional therapies,such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy,being unable to achieve complete elimination of cancer cells.Meanwhile,the emerging immunotherapy suffers from a low patient response rate.Bacterial therapies are highly targeted.Bacteria can penetrate deep into the tumor and show good tumor inhibition.However,natural bacteria have the limitation of high toxicity and inability to meet the demand for efficient therapeutics.Recent advances in synthetic biology and materials science relate to the safety and efficacy of bacterial therapeutics,promising to develop engineered bacteria with low toxicity and complex therapeutic functions.Engineered bacteria that express anticancer drug molecules can target the tumor region,synthesizing and releasing payloads in response to internal and external stimuli.This process leads to the regression of the tumor and the effective inhibition of recurrence.This review outlines the recent advancements in the field of engineered bacteria research,particularly focusing on their applications in anti-tumor therapy.It also includes the advantageous features and mechanisms of engineered bacteria therapy,synthetic biology modification methods,and future challenges and directions of engineered bacteria therapy.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52372170 , 92163209)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.2232068)the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Basic Research Cooperation Special Project(No.B2024204027).
文摘Developing noble-metal-free oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts with stable performance at large working current is an imperative and yet formidable challenge for practical large scale water splitting.In this study,by inheriting hierarchical nanostructure and elemental homogeneity of Prussian blue analogues,a series of medium entropy transition metal phosphides(METMP)OER catalysts with high cost-effectivity,efficiency and stability were precisely prepared.Specifically,the METMP-based((FeCoNi)P/Ni_(2)P-NF)catalyst demonstrates exceptional performance with an overpotential of only 232 mV at 50 mA·cm^(-2)and a Tafel slope of 52.7 mV·dec^(-1),significantly superior to its less entropy counterparts and commercial RuO_(2-).Moreover,it even maintains stability at the industrial standard current density of 500 mA·cm^(-2)for over 200 h.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicates that the synergistic effect of Fe,Co,Ni modulates electronic structure of METMPs,which effectively reduces the energy barrier for the rate-determining HOO*formation step,thereby considerably enhancing catalytic activity.This work not only contributes to the fundamental understanding of the role of medium/high entropy in catalysis but also paves the way for the development of next-generation electrocatalysts for energy-related applications.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC3201400 and 2021YFC2102203)Ganzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(2022XM019616)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(22266037)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20242BAB25146)Jiangxi Provincial Key R&D Project(20223BBG74004).
文摘Energy dissipation caused byπ-πstacking and bond rotation has long hindered the practical application of imine-based covalent organic frameworks(COFs)in the optical field.In this study,we constructed a class of COFs with dual-mode fluorescence emission,overcoming the intrinsically low fluorescence efficiency limitations of imine-based COFs.The non-coplanar linker molecules endow the novel COFs with aggregation-induced emission effects.Furthermore,the enol-keto tautomerism generated during COFs synthesis not only restricted bond rotation but also induced excited-state intramolecular proton transfer,further enhancing fluorescence output.Through the combined action of these two luminescent modes,the obtained imine-based COF-2 and COF-3 exhibited high quantum yields of reaching 10.7%and 13.1%,respectively.The broad photoexcitation range and intense fluorescence emission provide a stable internal reference during detection,reducing signal interference from environmental variations.Combined with the sensitized luminescence produced by rare earth ions on antibiotics,a new ratiometric probe can be constructed to detect trace amounts of antibiotics in water.This work presents a new strategy for designing fluorescent imine-based COFs,promoting their potential application in the field of luminescent sensing.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32225029,22075247)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2804204)+2 种基金Foundation of Zhejiang University of Technology(No.KYY-HX-20221141)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M743104)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.GZC20232365).
文摘Nucleic acid drugs represent the latest generation of precision therapeutics,holding significant promise for the treatment of a wide range of intractable diseases.Delivery technology is crucial for the clinical application of nucleic acid drugs.However,extrahepatic delivery of nucleic acid drugs remains a significant challenge.Sys-temic administration often fails to achieve sufficient drug enrichment in target tissues.Localized administration has emerged as the predominant approach to facilitate extrahepatic delivery.While localized administration can significantly enhance drug accumulation at the injection sites,nucleic acid drugs still face biological barriers in reaching the target lesions.This review focuses on non-viral nucleic acid drug delivery techniques utilized in local administration for the treatment of extrahepatic diseases.First,the classification of nucleic acid drugs is described.Second,the current major non-viral delivery technologies for nucleic acid drugs are discussed.Third,the bio-barriers,administration approaches,and recent research advances in the local delivery of nucleic acid drugs for treating lung,brain,eye,skin,joint,and heart-related diseases are highlighted.Finally,the challenges associated with the localized therapeutic application of nucleic acid drugs are addressed.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality (2254093)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22275013)+1 种基金funding support from the Peking University Third Hospital Fund for Interdisciplinary Research (PT2517, BYSYJC2024036)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (buctrc202419)。
文摘Magnetic hyperthermia therapy(MHT)achieves precise tumor ablation by activating the magnetothermal conversion properties of functionalized biomaterials through an alternating magnetic field.Its advantages,such as non-invasiveness,low toxicity,and unrestricted tissue penetration depth,endow it with great potential in the treatment of tumors,including glioblastoma multiforme.The design of materials across scales,from macroscopic to nanoscopic,is the core key to optimizing and enhancing the effectiveness of MHT.By regulating the material size(optimizing the NéelBrownian synergy),morphology(core-shell structure enhancing exchange coupling),and surface functionalization(e.g.,PEG modification to improve stability),the specific absorption rate can be significantly increased for improved cancer MHT efficacy.Therefore,this paper systematically reviews the mechanism innovation and clinical applications of multiscale(macroscopic/microscopic/nanoscopic)functionalized biomaterials in MHT.Moreover,it looks ahead to the prospects of the integration of material engineering,cross-scale thermal control,and multimodal therapy,providing a theoretical framework for the development of material media in the next generation of tumor hyperthermia technology.
