Based on analyses on existing indicators for evaluating journals in the humanities and social sciences and our experience in constructing the Chinese Social Science Citation Index(CSSCI), we proposed a comprehensive s...Based on analyses on existing indicators for evaluating journals in the humanities and social sciences and our experience in constructing the Chinese Social Science Citation Index(CSSCI), we proposed a comprehensive system for evaluating Chinese academic journals in the humanities and social sciences. This system constitutes 8 primary indicators and 17 sub-indicators for multidisciplinary journals and 19 sub-indicators for discipline-specific journals. Each indicator or sub-indicator is assigned a suitable weight according to its importance in terms of measuring a journal's academic quality and/or impact.展开更多
Background: Plant-based diets are eating patterns focusing on high intake of plant-basedfoods while limiting the intake of animal-based foods. In recent decades, plant-based dietshave received increasing attention for...Background: Plant-based diets are eating patterns focusing on high intake of plant-basedfoods while limiting the intake of animal-based foods. In recent decades, plant-based dietshave received increasing attention for their potential benefits for humans and theenvironment. However, a comprehensive overview of the development trends and researchhotspots of plant-based diets is still lacking. Therefore, this scientometric study aimed to fillthis critical research gap. Methods: English literature related to plant-based diets publishedfrom 2012 to 2023 in Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) of Web of Science CoreCollection was collected on August 16, 2023, using relevant key terms. R-bibliometrix,CiteSpace, and VOSviewer were used to analyze data and construct knowledge graphs.Results: Overall, 4135 publications (3127 articles and 1008 reviews) were included in thisstudy, showing an obvious upward trend in this field annually from 2012 to 2023, rangingfrom 70 to 921. The USA published the highest number of studies (n =1158) and was theleading research center in this field worldwide. Universities were the main researchinstitutions;particularly, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health contributed to thelargest number of publications (n = 88) and had an active cooperation with otherinstitutions. Mcclements DJ contributed the most publications (n = 49) and ranked firstamong the scholars in plant-based diets. The most productive academic journal (n = 353)on plant-based diets was Nutrients, with an IF2022 of 5.9, while Foods and Frontiers in Nutritionwere the relatively active journals in this field in recent years. “Quality,” “milk,” “culturedmeat,” “plant protein,” “environmental impacts,” “functional properties,” “plant-based meatalternative,” “dietary change,” “vegan diet,” “plant-based beverage,” “gut microbiota,”“middle-income countries,” and “chronic kidney disease” were the main research hotspotsand frontiers in the field of plant-based diets. Conclusion: This study provides acomprehensive overview of global research on plant-based diets. Although research in thisfield has gained increasing attention in recent decades, cooperation among differentinstitutions and researchers should be significantly strengthened. Moreover, more studiesare needed to further assess the health and environmental impacts of plant-based diets.展开更多
Background:Recently,ultra-processed foods(UPFs)have attracted considerable attention,leading to numerous studies worldwide.Scientometrics is currently gaining popularity among scientific communities,offering advantage...Background:Recently,ultra-processed foods(UPFs)have attracted considerable attention,leading to numerous studies worldwide.Scientometrics is currently gaining popularity among scientific communities,offering advantage of providing critical references to scholars of specific fields.Methods:This scientometric study aimed to analyze trends and hotspots of UPF research using English articles or reviews related to UPFs retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection on March 5,2023.Two independent researchers selected the identified records on titles,abstracts,and author’s keywords,and the data were analyzed using R-bibliometrix,CiteSpace,and VOSviewer.Results:A total of 1018 publications(901 articles and 117 reviews)published from 2010 to 2023 were included.The result showed a significant increase in UPF publications over the past decades.Brazil published the highest number of papers(n=473),with over half of the top 10 active institutions were located in Brazil.The University of São Paulo contributed the most publications(n=206)and the 10 most productive authors belonged to this institution,with Monteiro CA and Levy RB contributing the most publications.The main research foundations included the NOVA system,the definition of UPFs,the prevalence of UPFs,and the impact of UPFs on dietary quality and health status.The main research frontiers included topics such as“systematic review,”“NOVA food classification,”“COVID-19,”“diabetes,”“pregnancy,”“food addiction,”“warning labels,”“plant-based diet,”and“commercial determinants of health”.Conclusions:This study provided a comprehensive overview of development trends and research hotspots of global UPF studies.展开更多
The demand for Chinese-Western medicine collaboration has grown significantly,but current integration methods have substantial limitations.This article analyzes core issues in developing and implementing synergistic C...The demand for Chinese-Western medicine collaboration has grown significantly,but current integration methods have substantial limitations.This article analyzes core issues in developing and implementing synergistic Chinese-Western medicine clinical treatment strategies and explores the transformation from traditional integration to genuine synergistic models.We analyzed methodological obstacles in synergistic strategy development through literature review and theoretical analysis,and explored applications of intelligent technology in strategy development.Four core challenges were identified:(1)Treatment timing coordination difficulties caused by different decision-making approaches,with Chinese medicine using syndrome-based assessments and Western medicine relying on standardized measurements;(2)Treatment selection complexities when integrating different types of evidence,lacking frameworks for evaluating and combining diverse evidence sources;(3)Obstacles in incorporating patient preferences systematically,with inadequate assessment methods and unclear integration mechanisms;(4)Implementation barriers in translating synergistic strategies into clinical practice,requiring changes in organizational structures,workflows,and evaluation systems.Large language models(LLMs)and other intelligent technologies offer technical support for addressing these methodological challenges.This article examines current challenges in developing synergistic Chinese-Western medicine clinical strategies,analyzing the shift from traditional integration toward synergistic approaches and identifying four core methodological obstacles.Exploring intelligent technology applications provides insights to inform future research directions and clinical practice development in integrated healthcare delivery.展开更多
Dear editor,In 2016,several landmark government initiatives were launched in an effort to build a more healthy China.In March,the National People’s Congress of China adopted the 13th FiveYear Plan,which sets out new ...Dear editor,In 2016,several landmark government initiatives were launched in an effort to build a more healthy China.In March,the National People’s Congress of China adopted the 13th FiveYear Plan,which sets out new objectives,principles,and targets for 2016–2020,1including action plans for enhancing environmental protection and green growth,promoting individual展开更多
BACKGROUND In recent years,neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)has been increasingly used in patients with resectable colorectal liver metastases.However,the efficacy and safety of NAC in the treatment of resectable colorect...BACKGROUND In recent years,neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)has been increasingly used in patients with resectable colorectal liver metastases.However,the efficacy and safety of NAC in the treatment of resectable colorectal liver metastases(CRLM)are still controversial.AIM To assess the efficacy and application value of NAC in patients with resectable CRLM.METHODS We searched PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library from inception to December 2020 to collect clinical studies comparing NAC with non-NAC.Data processing and statistical analyses were performed using Stata V.15.0 and Review Manager 5.0 software.RESULTS In total,32 studies involving 11236 patients were included in this analysis.We divided the patients into two groups,the NAC group(that received neoadjuvant chemotherapy)and the non-NAC group(that received no neoadjuvant chemotherapy).The meta-analysis outcome showed a statistically significant difference in the 5-year overall survival and 5-year disease-free survival between the two groups.The hazard ratio(HR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)were HR=0.49,95%CI:0.39-0.61,P=0.000 and HR=0.4895%CI:0.36-0.63,P=0.000.The duration of surgery in the NAC group was longer than that of the non-NAC group[standardized mean difference(SMD)=0.41,95%CI:0.01-0.82,P=0.044)].The meta-analysis showed that the number of liver metastases in the NAC group was significantly higher than that in the non-NAC group(SMD=0.73,95%CI:0.02-1.43,P=0.043).The lymph node metastasis in the NAC group was significantly higher than that in the non-NAC group(SMD=1.24,95%CI:1.07-1.43,P=0.004).CONCLUSION We found that NAC could improve the long-term prognosis of patients with resectable CRLM.At the same time,the NAC group did not increase the risk of any adverse event compared to the non-NAC group.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shockwave therapy(ESWT)combined with sodium hyaluronate(HA)for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis(KOA).METHODS:PubM ed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of...OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shockwave therapy(ESWT)combined with sodium hyaluronate(HA)for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis(KOA).METHODS:PubM ed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang database,China Science and Technology Journal Database,and SinoMed were searched from inception to July 2020.The quality of the randomized controlled trials was evaluated independently by two reviewers according to the criteria in the Cochrane Collaboration for Systematic Reviews.The identified articles were then screened individually using EndnoteX9 for eligibility in this Meta-analysis.The heterogeneity among the articles was evaluated using I2.RESULTS:A total of 17 studies,comprising 2000 individuals,were included in this Meta-analysis.The results showed that a significant improvement was observed in knee pain and function based on the clinical efficacy of ESWT combined with HA.Statistical analysis of clinical efficacy showed that[relative risk(RR)=1.21,95%confidence interval(CI)(1.12,1.30),P<0.01].Statistical analysis of visual analog scale showed that[standardized mean difference(SMD)=-2.84,95%CI(-4.01,-1.66),P<0.01].Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index statistical analysis showed that[SMD=-1.57,95%CI(-2.52,-0.61),P<0.01].Lysholm score statistical analysis showed that[SMD=1.71,95%CI(0.98,2.44),P<0.01].In addition,only minor side effects,such as redness and swelling of the skin,were observed.CONCLUSIONS:Medium to low quality evidence showed that ESWT combined with HA offers an inexpensive,welltolerated,safe,and effective method to improve pain and functionality in patients with KOA.However,tightly controlled,randomized,large multicenter trials are warranted to validate the current findings.展开更多
BACKGROUND In recent years,intraoperative radiotherapy(IORT)has been increasingly used for the treatment of rectal cancer.However,the efficacy and safety of IORT for the treatment of rectal cancer are still controvers...BACKGROUND In recent years,intraoperative radiotherapy(IORT)has been increasingly used for the treatment of rectal cancer.However,the efficacy and safety of IORT for the treatment of rectal cancer are still controversial.AIM To evaluate the value of IORT for patients with rectal cancer.METHODS We searched PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science databases,and conference abstracts and included randomized controlled trials and observational studies on IORT vs non-IORT for rectal cancer.Dichotomous variables were evaluated by odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI),hazard ratio(HR)and 95%CI was used as a summary statistic of survival outcomes.Statistical analyses were performed using Stata V.15.0 and Review Manager 5.3 software.RESULTS In this study,3 randomized controlled studies and 12 observational studies were included with a total of 1460 patients,who are mainly residents of Europe,the United States,and Asia.Our results did not show significant differences in 5-year overall survival(HR=0.80,95%CI=0.60-1.06;P=0.126);5-year disease-free survival(HR=0.94,95%CI=0.73-1.22;P=0.650);abscess(OR=1.10,95%CI=0.67-1.80;P=0.713),fistulae(OR=0.79,95%CI=0.33-1.89;P=0.600);wound complication(OR=1.21,95%CI=0.62-2.36;P=0.575);anastomotic leakage(OR=1.09,95%CI=0.59-2.02;P=0.775);and neurogenic bladder dysfunction(OR=0.69,95%CI=0.31-1.55;P=0.369).However,the meta-analysis of 5-year local control was significantly different(OR=3.07,95%CI=1.66-5.66;P=0.000).CONCLUSION The advantage of IORT is mainly reflected in 5-year local control,but it is not statistically significant for 5-year overall survival,5-year disease-free survival,and complications.展开更多
Devices participating in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) are expected to strictly adhere to a uniform routing protocol to route data packets among themselves. Unfortunately, MANET devices, composed of untrustworthy sof...Devices participating in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) are expected to strictly adhere to a uniform routing protocol to route data packets among themselves. Unfortunately, MANET devices, composed of untrustworthy software and hardware components, expose a large attack surface. This can be exploited by attackers to gain control over one or more devices, and wreak havoc on the MANET subnet. The approach presented in this paper to secure MANETs restricts the attack surface to a?single module?in MANET devices a trusted MANET module (TMM). TMMs are deliberately constrained to demand only modest memory and computational resources in the interest of further reducing the attack surface. The specific contribution of this paper is a precise characterization of simple TMM functionality suitable for any distance vector based routing protocol, to realize the broad assurance that “any node that fails to abide by the routing protocol will not be able to participate in the MANET”.展开更多
Background:Understanding values and preferences in the context of personal,physical,emotional,relational,and social factors is important in optimizing cancer patient counselling,facilitating treatment decision-making,...Background:Understanding values and preferences in the context of personal,physical,emotional,relational,and social factors is important in optimizing cancer patient counselling,facilitating treatment decision-making,and improving guideline recommendations in treating cancer pain patients.Objective:To systematically review the available evidence regarding the values,preferences,and expectations of acupuncture for patients with cancer pain.Methods:A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)statement was conducted.Eight databases were searched without time limits for eligible studies up to April 26,2021.Reference lists of included articles were also searched manually and authors were contacted to inquire about other relevant papers.The quality of the studies was appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skill Program Qualitative Appraisal Checklist(CASP)for studies.This research was registered on PROSPERO with number CRD42020213396.Results:A total of eight studies published in period from 2002 to 2020 were identified from 8 studies involving 2,835 patients.The number of participants in each study ranged from 76 to 706.The quality of the eight included studies was considered high as judged by the CASP tool.Safety is the main factor influencing patients'willingness and preference to accept acupuncture treatment.Human race,education,gender,and knowledge of acupuncture were potentially correlated with patients'preferences.Patients with moderate to severe pain were more likely to use acupuncture than those with mild pain.Conclusion:The preferences and values of patients with cancer pain to receive acupuncture treatment are mainly related to the safety of acupuncture,the degree of cancer pain and demographic characteristics.It is hoped that future high-quality studies could further confirm our conclusions.展开更多
文摘Based on analyses on existing indicators for evaluating journals in the humanities and social sciences and our experience in constructing the Chinese Social Science Citation Index(CSSCI), we proposed a comprehensive system for evaluating Chinese academic journals in the humanities and social sciences. This system constitutes 8 primary indicators and 17 sub-indicators for multidisciplinary journals and 19 sub-indicators for discipline-specific journals. Each indicator or sub-indicator is assigned a suitable weight according to its importance in terms of measuring a journal's academic quality and/or impact.
文摘Background: Plant-based diets are eating patterns focusing on high intake of plant-basedfoods while limiting the intake of animal-based foods. In recent decades, plant-based dietshave received increasing attention for their potential benefits for humans and theenvironment. However, a comprehensive overview of the development trends and researchhotspots of plant-based diets is still lacking. Therefore, this scientometric study aimed to fillthis critical research gap. Methods: English literature related to plant-based diets publishedfrom 2012 to 2023 in Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) of Web of Science CoreCollection was collected on August 16, 2023, using relevant key terms. R-bibliometrix,CiteSpace, and VOSviewer were used to analyze data and construct knowledge graphs.Results: Overall, 4135 publications (3127 articles and 1008 reviews) were included in thisstudy, showing an obvious upward trend in this field annually from 2012 to 2023, rangingfrom 70 to 921. The USA published the highest number of studies (n =1158) and was theleading research center in this field worldwide. Universities were the main researchinstitutions;particularly, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health contributed to thelargest number of publications (n = 88) and had an active cooperation with otherinstitutions. Mcclements DJ contributed the most publications (n = 49) and ranked firstamong the scholars in plant-based diets. The most productive academic journal (n = 353)on plant-based diets was Nutrients, with an IF2022 of 5.9, while Foods and Frontiers in Nutritionwere the relatively active journals in this field in recent years. “Quality,” “milk,” “culturedmeat,” “plant protein,” “environmental impacts,” “functional properties,” “plant-based meatalternative,” “dietary change,” “vegan diet,” “plant-based beverage,” “gut microbiota,”“middle-income countries,” and “chronic kidney disease” were the main research hotspotsand frontiers in the field of plant-based diets. Conclusion: This study provides acomprehensive overview of global research on plant-based diets. Although research in thisfield has gained increasing attention in recent decades, cooperation among differentinstitutions and researchers should be significantly strengthened. Moreover, more studiesare needed to further assess the health and environmental impacts of plant-based diets.
文摘Background:Recently,ultra-processed foods(UPFs)have attracted considerable attention,leading to numerous studies worldwide.Scientometrics is currently gaining popularity among scientific communities,offering advantage of providing critical references to scholars of specific fields.Methods:This scientometric study aimed to analyze trends and hotspots of UPF research using English articles or reviews related to UPFs retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection on March 5,2023.Two independent researchers selected the identified records on titles,abstracts,and author’s keywords,and the data were analyzed using R-bibliometrix,CiteSpace,and VOSviewer.Results:A total of 1018 publications(901 articles and 117 reviews)published from 2010 to 2023 were included.The result showed a significant increase in UPF publications over the past decades.Brazil published the highest number of papers(n=473),with over half of the top 10 active institutions were located in Brazil.The University of São Paulo contributed the most publications(n=206)and the 10 most productive authors belonged to this institution,with Monteiro CA and Levy RB contributing the most publications.The main research foundations included the NOVA system,the definition of UPFs,the prevalence of UPFs,and the impact of UPFs on dietary quality and health status.The main research frontiers included topics such as“systematic review,”“NOVA food classification,”“COVID-19,”“diabetes,”“pregnancy,”“food addiction,”“warning labels,”“plant-based diet,”and“commercial determinants of health”.Conclusions:This study provided a comprehensive overview of development trends and research hotspots of global UPF studies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82204931).
文摘The demand for Chinese-Western medicine collaboration has grown significantly,but current integration methods have substantial limitations.This article analyzes core issues in developing and implementing synergistic Chinese-Western medicine clinical treatment strategies and explores the transformation from traditional integration to genuine synergistic models.We analyzed methodological obstacles in synergistic strategy development through literature review and theoretical analysis,and explored applications of intelligent technology in strategy development.Four core challenges were identified:(1)Treatment timing coordination difficulties caused by different decision-making approaches,with Chinese medicine using syndrome-based assessments and Western medicine relying on standardized measurements;(2)Treatment selection complexities when integrating different types of evidence,lacking frameworks for evaluating and combining diverse evidence sources;(3)Obstacles in incorporating patient preferences systematically,with inadequate assessment methods and unclear integration mechanisms;(4)Implementation barriers in translating synergistic strategies into clinical practice,requiring changes in organizational structures,workflows,and evaluation systems.Large language models(LLMs)and other intelligent technologies offer technical support for addressing these methodological challenges.This article examines current challenges in developing synergistic Chinese-Western medicine clinical strategies,analyzing the shift from traditional integration toward synergistic approaches and identifying four core methodological obstacles.Exploring intelligent technology applications provides insights to inform future research directions and clinical practice development in integrated healthcare delivery.
基金supported by China Institute of Sport Science(No.16-16,16-53)
文摘Dear editor,In 2016,several landmark government initiatives were launched in an effort to build a more healthy China.In March,the National People’s Congress of China adopted the 13th FiveYear Plan,which sets out new objectives,principles,and targets for 2016–2020,1including action plans for enhancing environmental protection and green growth,promoting individual
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,China,No.18JR3RA052the Gansu Province Da Vinci Robot High End Diagnosis and Treatment Personnel Training Project+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program Task Book,No.2018YFC1311506the Lanzhou Talent Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project Task Contract,No.2016-RC-56.
文摘BACKGROUND In recent years,neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)has been increasingly used in patients with resectable colorectal liver metastases.However,the efficacy and safety of NAC in the treatment of resectable colorectal liver metastases(CRLM)are still controversial.AIM To assess the efficacy and application value of NAC in patients with resectable CRLM.METHODS We searched PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library from inception to December 2020 to collect clinical studies comparing NAC with non-NAC.Data processing and statistical analyses were performed using Stata V.15.0 and Review Manager 5.0 software.RESULTS In total,32 studies involving 11236 patients were included in this analysis.We divided the patients into two groups,the NAC group(that received neoadjuvant chemotherapy)and the non-NAC group(that received no neoadjuvant chemotherapy).The meta-analysis outcome showed a statistically significant difference in the 5-year overall survival and 5-year disease-free survival between the two groups.The hazard ratio(HR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)were HR=0.49,95%CI:0.39-0.61,P=0.000 and HR=0.4895%CI:0.36-0.63,P=0.000.The duration of surgery in the NAC group was longer than that of the non-NAC group[standardized mean difference(SMD)=0.41,95%CI:0.01-0.82,P=0.044)].The meta-analysis showed that the number of liver metastases in the NAC group was significantly higher than that in the non-NAC group(SMD=0.73,95%CI:0.02-1.43,P=0.043).The lymph node metastasis in the NAC group was significantly higher than that in the non-NAC group(SMD=1.24,95%CI:1.07-1.43,P=0.004).CONCLUSION We found that NAC could improve the long-term prognosis of patients with resectable CRLM.At the same time,the NAC group did not increase the risk of any adverse event compared to the non-NAC group.
基金Natural Science Foundation-funded Project:Yang Deficiency Constitution of Knee Osteoarthritis and the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway Regulates the Level of Correlation,and the Constitution Theraphy(No.81260546)Construction Project of Chinese Medicine Inheritance Innovation Platform:Basic and Clinical Application Research on Osteoarthritis of the Knee(Gan Wei Chinese Medicine Letter[2020]No.203)Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project:Clinical Medical Research Centre for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases(18JR2FA009)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shockwave therapy(ESWT)combined with sodium hyaluronate(HA)for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis(KOA).METHODS:PubM ed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang database,China Science and Technology Journal Database,and SinoMed were searched from inception to July 2020.The quality of the randomized controlled trials was evaluated independently by two reviewers according to the criteria in the Cochrane Collaboration for Systematic Reviews.The identified articles were then screened individually using EndnoteX9 for eligibility in this Meta-analysis.The heterogeneity among the articles was evaluated using I2.RESULTS:A total of 17 studies,comprising 2000 individuals,were included in this Meta-analysis.The results showed that a significant improvement was observed in knee pain and function based on the clinical efficacy of ESWT combined with HA.Statistical analysis of clinical efficacy showed that[relative risk(RR)=1.21,95%confidence interval(CI)(1.12,1.30),P<0.01].Statistical analysis of visual analog scale showed that[standardized mean difference(SMD)=-2.84,95%CI(-4.01,-1.66),P<0.01].Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index statistical analysis showed that[SMD=-1.57,95%CI(-2.52,-0.61),P<0.01].Lysholm score statistical analysis showed that[SMD=1.71,95%CI(0.98,2.44),P<0.01].In addition,only minor side effects,such as redness and swelling of the skin,were observed.CONCLUSIONS:Medium to low quality evidence showed that ESWT combined with HA offers an inexpensive,welltolerated,safe,and effective method to improve pain and functionality in patients with KOA.However,tightly controlled,randomized,large multicenter trials are warranted to validate the current findings.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,China,No.18JR3RA052Gansu Province Da Vinci robot high end diagnosis and treatment personnel training project+2 种基金National Key Research and Development Program Task Book,No.2018YFC1311506Lanzhou Talent Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project Task Contract,No.2016-RC-562019 Graduate Innovation Fund Project,No.2020CX50.
文摘BACKGROUND In recent years,intraoperative radiotherapy(IORT)has been increasingly used for the treatment of rectal cancer.However,the efficacy and safety of IORT for the treatment of rectal cancer are still controversial.AIM To evaluate the value of IORT for patients with rectal cancer.METHODS We searched PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science databases,and conference abstracts and included randomized controlled trials and observational studies on IORT vs non-IORT for rectal cancer.Dichotomous variables were evaluated by odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI),hazard ratio(HR)and 95%CI was used as a summary statistic of survival outcomes.Statistical analyses were performed using Stata V.15.0 and Review Manager 5.3 software.RESULTS In this study,3 randomized controlled studies and 12 observational studies were included with a total of 1460 patients,who are mainly residents of Europe,the United States,and Asia.Our results did not show significant differences in 5-year overall survival(HR=0.80,95%CI=0.60-1.06;P=0.126);5-year disease-free survival(HR=0.94,95%CI=0.73-1.22;P=0.650);abscess(OR=1.10,95%CI=0.67-1.80;P=0.713),fistulae(OR=0.79,95%CI=0.33-1.89;P=0.600);wound complication(OR=1.21,95%CI=0.62-2.36;P=0.575);anastomotic leakage(OR=1.09,95%CI=0.59-2.02;P=0.775);and neurogenic bladder dysfunction(OR=0.69,95%CI=0.31-1.55;P=0.369).However,the meta-analysis of 5-year local control was significantly different(OR=3.07,95%CI=1.66-5.66;P=0.000).CONCLUSION The advantage of IORT is mainly reflected in 5-year local control,but it is not statistically significant for 5-year overall survival,5-year disease-free survival,and complications.
文摘Devices participating in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) are expected to strictly adhere to a uniform routing protocol to route data packets among themselves. Unfortunately, MANET devices, composed of untrustworthy software and hardware components, expose a large attack surface. This can be exploited by attackers to gain control over one or more devices, and wreak havoc on the MANET subnet. The approach presented in this paper to secure MANETs restricts the attack surface to a?single module?in MANET devices a trusted MANET module (TMM). TMMs are deliberately constrained to demand only modest memory and computational resources in the interest of further reducing the attack surface. The specific contribution of this paper is a precise characterization of simple TMM functionality suitable for any distance vector based routing protocol, to realize the broad assurance that “any node that fails to abide by the routing protocol will not be able to participate in the MANET”.
文摘Background:Understanding values and preferences in the context of personal,physical,emotional,relational,and social factors is important in optimizing cancer patient counselling,facilitating treatment decision-making,and improving guideline recommendations in treating cancer pain patients.Objective:To systematically review the available evidence regarding the values,preferences,and expectations of acupuncture for patients with cancer pain.Methods:A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)statement was conducted.Eight databases were searched without time limits for eligible studies up to April 26,2021.Reference lists of included articles were also searched manually and authors were contacted to inquire about other relevant papers.The quality of the studies was appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skill Program Qualitative Appraisal Checklist(CASP)for studies.This research was registered on PROSPERO with number CRD42020213396.Results:A total of eight studies published in period from 2002 to 2020 were identified from 8 studies involving 2,835 patients.The number of participants in each study ranged from 76 to 706.The quality of the eight included studies was considered high as judged by the CASP tool.Safety is the main factor influencing patients'willingness and preference to accept acupuncture treatment.Human race,education,gender,and knowledge of acupuncture were potentially correlated with patients'preferences.Patients with moderate to severe pain were more likely to use acupuncture than those with mild pain.Conclusion:The preferences and values of patients with cancer pain to receive acupuncture treatment are mainly related to the safety of acupuncture,the degree of cancer pain and demographic characteristics.It is hoped that future high-quality studies could further confirm our conclusions.
