In the contemporary world, there are three interconnected global environmental crises (climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution). The common thread is the unsustainable pattern of production and consumption, w...In the contemporary world, there are three interconnected global environmental crises (climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution). The common thread is the unsustainable pattern of production and consumption, which leads to international and local socio-environmental injustices. Seeking environmental justice in Brazil, the success of the rubber tapper social movement stands out, culminating in the Chico Mendes Extractive Reserve (RESEX) implementation in the Brazilian Amazon. However, the residents have struggled to generate income to help their families’ social reproduction. Conventional payment instruments for environmental services have failed to remunerate the socio-environmental attributes of sustainable products adequately. This paper aims to carry out a socio-environmental economic-ecological valuation of the main extractive products of the RESEX in 2021/2022. To this end, a methodology calculates the cost of social reproduction of rural family production, being a non-market price index reference for monetary valuation. The results indicate the acceptability of the socio-environmental valuation of native rubber and Brazil nuts, as they can guarantee environmental conservation, improve the families’ well-being with adequate income for their social reproduction, as well as value attributes outside the market, which helps in the fight against further expropriation or enclosure of rural families in the Amazon.展开更多
Introduction: In the last thirty years, brain neuromodulation techniques have been used as an alternative to pharmacological treatment of neurological disorders. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disord...Introduction: In the last thirty years, brain neuromodulation techniques have been used as an alternative to pharmacological treatment of neurological disorders. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder leading to bradykinesia, rest tremor, postural changes, and non-motor symptoms such as depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, pain, and cognitive decline that compromises executive functions (EFs), responsible for the orderly execution of behaviors and tasks of daily life and intentional and directed actions. To this date, a few studies with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have shown beneficial effects in PD patients concerning specific motor and non-motor symptoms, targeting the motor cortex and/or prefrontal regions. Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of left prefrontal tDCS across a broad spectrum of motor and non-motor symptoms of PD using established validated scales. Method: Single-blind randomized clinical trial with 18 volunteers with PD, aged between 45 and 80 years (66.1 ± 9.65), who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were submitted to assessments of motor and non-motor functions employing psychometric scales and tests to evaluate EFs and were randomly divided into two groups: control (sham stimulation) and experimental (active stimulation). All participants were involved in three separate tDCS sessions. The anode was positioned over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the cathode over the right supraorbital region, with a direct current intensity of 2 mA, lasting 20 minutes. At the end of the three sessions, all participants were reassessed. Results: Significant effects of tDCS on non-motor functions were observed for cognition (verbal fluency of actions, clock copy test, appointment by visual confrontation, and verbal memory with immediate free recall) and subjective assessment of sleep quality (overall restlessness and discomfort in the arms and legs at night, leg and arm cramps at night and distressing dreams). There was also an improvement in the rate of errors and successes for congruent and incongruent stimuli of the Stroop Test. The beneficial effects on motor function were decreased rigidity, improved gait, and greater agility in the finger-tapping test. Conclusion: Three tDCS sessions showed positive results for participants with PD, producing significant improvements in various motor and non-motor functions, including sleep quality, cognition, and EFs. Additionally, the present results indicate that tDCS neuromodulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex region is feasible, safe, and provides significant objective benefits for PD patients.展开更多
The practice of soccer involves carrying-out actions of high intensity, which demand a great generation of eccentric strength, which in turn results in an increase in the inflammatory response after training practice ...The practice of soccer involves carrying-out actions of high intensity, which demand a great generation of eccentric strength, which in turn results in an increase in the inflammatory response after training practice and game matches. The study aimed to investigate, in combination and individually, the association of 28 polymorphisms with the inflammatory responses of soccer athletes. The sample consisted of 47 male under-20 soccer athletes who belong to clubs in the first division of Brazilian soccer. Blood samples were collected at Pre, and 03, 24, and 48 hours after the training session to evaluate the inflammatory responses (hematological analyzes (hemogram), creatine phosphokinase (CK), high sensitivity quantitative C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)). DNA was obtained through scraping of buccal cells, where a sterile swab was rubbed on the inner side of the mouth of each participant 06 times. The database was built using the TruSeq DNA PCRFree kit (Illumina®) and the Covaris equipment for shearing genomic DNA (gDNA) by ultrasound. Of the analyzed SNPs, 09 (ACTN3 rs1815739, COL5A1 rs12722, COL5A1 rs3196378, HGF rs5745697, IGF1 rs35767, IL-6 rs1800795, MMP3 rs679620, SLC30A8 rs13266634, SOX15 rs4227) were individually associated with biomarkers and 07 SNPs, (COL5A1 rs12722, COL5A1 rs3196378, COL5A1 rs1800012, HGF rs5745697, IGF1 rs35767, IL-6 rs1800795 and MMP3 rs679620) analyzed in combination, explained 16% to 40% of the variation of inflammatory responses in soccer athletes. The results suggest that the genotypic profile can be taken into account for a more individualized distribution of the training load, along with the elaboration of recovery strategies for high-level athletes between training sessions and games of high physical and physiological demand.展开更多
Soft tissue sarcoma is rare neoplasms that affect mainly the extremities. Surgery is the mean treatment and the resection results in extensive muscle and skin loss. The anterolateral tight flap is a good option for sa...Soft tissue sarcoma is rare neoplasms that affect mainly the extremities. Surgery is the mean treatment and the resection results in extensive muscle and skin loss. The anterolateral tight flap is a good option for sarcomas arising in knees, superior third of legs and the medial face of thigh. The anatomy knowledge and the multidisciplinary approach is very important for a successful reconstruction. The authors report a successful case treated with the anterolateral tight flap and a literature review.展开更多
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a chronic disease, primarily caused by a combination of defective insulin secretion and the inability of insulin-sensitive tissues to respond to insulin. Laparoscopic sl...Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a chronic disease, primarily caused by a combination of defective insulin secretion and the inability of insulin-sensitive tissues to respond to insulin. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy associated with duodenal ileal interposition (SGDII) has been shown to be a feasible treatment option for patients with T2D, as it provides improvement and control of glycemia, dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mid and long-term results of SGDII for the treatment of diabetic patients, considering diabetic remission, weight loss and postoperative complications. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study with 96 patients with T2D submitted to SGDII, between 2010 and 2016. The glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) value Results: Sixty-one patients (62.8%) were male, and 36 patients (37.2%) were female. The average age was 50.9 years. Median BMI was 33.43 kg/m2. The incidence of major postoperative complications in the first 30 days was 2.1%, with no mortality. Dyslipidemia control was sustained, after five years, in 62% of the patients. The five years follow-up demonstrated that 80% of patients had T2D remission at one year, 74.5% at three years and 61.8% at five years. Univariate analysis demonstrated that preoperative values of HbA1c and BMI, preoperative use of insulin, gender, and 30-day complication were not predictors of remission at all study intervals. The average duration of the disease was nine years and the mean glycated hemoglobin before surgery was 8.95%. Conclusion: SGDII resulted in good glycemic control at 5-years follow-up and represents a valid alternative for the treatment of T2D.展开更多
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disabling disease that can affect 6% to 12% of the adult population and more than a third of people over 65 years of age. Purpose: To assess whether a group of people with hand ost...Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disabling disease that can affect 6% to 12% of the adult population and more than a third of people over 65 years of age. Purpose: To assess whether a group of people with hand osteoarthritis (hOA) who received different types of treatment improved their function after two years of follow-up. Method: The entire sample (n = 97) underwent three follow-up assessments regarding anthropometric parameters of the upper limbs and ability to perform functional activities. Subsequently, the sample was divided into two groups for the intervention periods, called the First Period (n = 73) and the Second Period (n = 24);the First Period kept the same protocol with orientations, and the Second Period went to an intervention with orientation strength exercises and use of orthosis. Findings: In the separate analysis of the three questions of the DASH pain module, no differences were found between the assessment moments for groups of guidelines, treatment, or symptoms. Significant effects were observed for F(2, 162) = 3.5, p = 0.033, η2 = 0.04, and interaction for moments and intervention F(2, 162) = 4.3, p = 0.016, η2 = 0.05. Implications: It can be concluded that only guidance treatment does not benefit patients with hand osteoarthritis. In contrast, guidance, exercise, and orthosis treatment can significantly improve the disease.展开更多
Brazil annually faces significant challenges with mass movements, particularly in areas with poorly constructed housing, inadequate engineering, and lacking sanitation infrastructure. Campos do Jordão, in Sã...Brazil annually faces significant challenges with mass movements, particularly in areas with poorly constructed housing, inadequate engineering, and lacking sanitation infrastructure. Campos do Jordão, in São Paulo state, is a city currently grappling with these issues. This paper details a study conducted within a pilot area in Campos do Jordão, where geophysical surveys and geotechnical borehole data were integrated. The geophysical surveys provided 2D profiles, and samples were collected to analyse soil moisture and plasticity. These datasets were combined using a Cokriging-based model to produce an accurate representation of the subsurface conditions. The enhanced modelling of subsurface variability facilitates a deeper understanding of soil behavior, which can be used to improve landslide risk assessments. This approach is innovative, particularly within the international context where similar studies often do not address the complexities associated with urban planning deficits such as those observed in some areas of Brazil. These conditions, including the lack of proper sanitation and irregular housing, significantly influence the geological stability of the region, adding layers of complexity to subsurface assessments. Adapting geotechnical evaluation methods to local challenges offers the potential to increase the efficacy and relevance of geological risk management in regions with similar socio-economic and urban characteristics.展开更多
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a versatile biomaterial with unique properties that make it promising for various biomedical applications, including wound healing. The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in wo...Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a versatile biomaterial with unique properties that make it promising for various biomedical applications, including wound healing. The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in wound healing, providing a structural scaffold and signaling cues for cell migration and proliferation. This study investigates the potential of BC as a scaffold for ECM production and its effect on in vivo wound healing. In this work, the bacterial cellulose fermentation process is modified by the addition of Green Propolis and Usnic acid to the culture medium and natural materials before the bacteria are inoculated. In vivo behaviour using natural membranes for regenerative medicine is presented and it is in edit. Overall, our findings demonstrate the potential of BC as a scaffold for ECM production and its beneficial effects on in vivo wound healing. BC-based dressings may offer a novel approach to promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration in clinical settings. Further studies are warranted to optimize BC-based therapies and explore their full potential in regenerative medicine.展开更多
Climate change is a reality. The burning of fossil fuels from oil, natural gas and coal is responsible for much of the pollution and the increase in the planet’s average temperature, which has raised discussions on t...Climate change is a reality. The burning of fossil fuels from oil, natural gas and coal is responsible for much of the pollution and the increase in the planet’s average temperature, which has raised discussions on the subject, given the emergencies related to climate. An energy transition to clean and renewable sources is necessary and urgent, but it will not be quick. In this sense, increasing the efficiency of oil extraction from existing sources is crucial, to avoid waste and the drilling of new wells. The purpose of this work was to add diffusive and dispersive terms to the Buckley-Leverett equation in order to incorporate extra phenomena in the temporal evolution between the water-oil and oil-water transitions in the pipeline. For this, the modified Buckley-Leverett equation was discretized via essentially weighted non-oscillatory schemes, coupled with a three-stage Runge-Kutta and a fourth-order centered finite difference methods. Then, computational simulations were performed and the results showed that new features emerge in the transitions, when compared to classical simulations. For instance, the dispersive term inhibits the diffusive term, adding oscillations, which indicates that the absorption of the fluid by the porous medium occurs in a non-homogeneous manner. Therefore, based on research such as this, decisions can be made regarding the replacement of the porous medium or the insertion of new components to delay the replacement.展开更多
The improvement of microbial characterization has increased the comprehension of microbial population and their ability in the microbiological metal dissolution. Bioleaching processes have been expanded to use microor...The improvement of microbial characterization has increased the comprehension of microbial population and their ability in the microbiological metal dissolution. Bioleaching processes have been expanded to use microorganisms for the recovery of metals from ores and wastes. This study introduces Palca mine tailings pond in Peru which turned into acid mine drainage (AMD). AMD is a source of microbial communities whose microorganisms may support the aqueous extractive metallurgy for metal recovery. Four samples of AMD were collected from different locations and the elemental characterization showed concentrations of metals, such as Cu, Zn, Al, Mn, and Fe. The pH of the samples showed variation between 1.9 - 6.8. Twenty-one microorganisms were isolated and selected according the cell morphology. 16s rRNA gene sequences identified five species of which three belong to the bacterial kingdom and two to the Fungi kingdom. Two of the bacterial species were ferrous ion oxidizing bacteria, identified as Acidithiobacillus ferriphilus and Acidithiobacillus ferridurans;and the other one a ferric ion reducing bacteria identified as Acidiphilium acidophilum. The fungi species identified were Rhodotorula sinensis and Exophiala xenobiotica, a filamentous fungus isolated for the first time from an AMD.展开更多
The identification of natural, plant-derived compounds with pesticidal properties is crucial for developing environmentally sustainable alternatives to synthetic pesticides. In this study, four major lignans—dihydroc...The identification of natural, plant-derived compounds with pesticidal properties is crucial for developing environmentally sustainable alternatives to synthetic pesticides. In this study, four major lignans—dihydroclusin, cubebin, clusin, and yatein—were isolated from the crude extract of Piper cubeba fruit. Phytotoxicity assays revealed herbicidal activity against Agrostis stolonifera, with dihydroclusin and clusin exhibiting the highest efficacy, inhibiting seed germination by 50% and showing IC50 values of 2.9 µM and 45 µM, respectively, against Lemna paucicostata. Additionally, all compounds, except dihydroclusin, demonstrated fungicidal activity against the strawberry anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum fragariae. Moreover, only dihydroclusin exhibited larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, causing 96% mortality of mosquito larvae at the 100-ppm concentration tested. These findings highlight the broad-spectrum bioactivity of Piper cubeba lignans, suggesting their potential as alternative agents of synthetic pesticides for managing agricultural pests.展开更多
This paper shows new results for Bujuru and Retiro HM deposits geological control, located in the Coastal Plain of the Rio Grande do Sul state (Brazil). Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), drillholes and fieldwork were ap...This paper shows new results for Bujuru and Retiro HM deposits geological control, located in the Coastal Plain of the Rio Grande do Sul state (Brazil). Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), drillholes and fieldwork were applied to investigate deformational structures that control Holocene sediment deposition and the HM deposits accumulation. The Bujuru and Retiro HM deposits were developed as a consequence to deformational traps (synthetic and antithetic normal faults). Mechanical subsidence and hanging-wall rotation, instead of sea level changes, are the main controlling mechanism for structural placers development that leads to existing HM deposits. Based on listric fault displacement and sedimentation rates, it is possible to distinguish three stages of lagoonal deposition, and two main episodes of HM accumulation. The preliminary HM concentration episode is due to sediment reworking from Pleistocene footwall escarpment and from a Pleistocene structural barrier developed in the hanging-wall oceanward (LFS 6). The second HM concentration episode is characterized by TDS and TD (LFS 5) developing upon a brachyanticline built due to the progressive deformation of the hanging-wall that includes previous Holocene lagoonal radarfacies. The TDS and TD are a sedimentary barrier and migrate inland due to NE onshore winds that also accumulate over the structurally controlled lagoons.展开更多
Introduction: Our study focused on the evaluation of renal function in children with sickle cell disease compared to children without sickle cell disease at the pediatric emergency unit of the Donka National Hospital ...Introduction: Our study focused on the evaluation of renal function in children with sickle cell disease compared to children without sickle cell disease at the pediatric emergency unit of the Donka National Hospital and SOS Drepano-Guinea center. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study lasting 3 months (October 1 to December 31, 2020). Were included, all sickle cell and non-sickle cell children aged 0 to 15 received on an outpatient basis and had undergone an exploration of renal function (serum creatinine and urine dipstick). Results: We performed the urine dipstick and serum creatinine in 75 children, 45 of whom were sickle cell and 30 were not sickle cell. 27 of our patients or 36% had a reduction in GFR, among them 9 or 20% were sickle cell and 18 or 60% were not sickle cell. The most affected age group was 5 to 9 years in sickle cell (66.7%) and non-sickle cell (38.9%). In sickle cell patients, 9 cases (100%) had mild renal failure (IRL). Non-sickle cell patients, had 14 cases or 77.8% of IRL and 4 cases (22.2%) of moderate IR. Sickle cell disease and antibiotics which had the respective p-value (0.01);(0.02), were statistically significant with the onset of renal failure. Conclusion: Several factors including sickle cell anemia and antibiotics are believed to be involved in lowering GFR. It would be essential to detect early the children received in consultation.展开更多
This study examines the relationship between geomagnetic indices and mortality rates from specific diseases in the Northeast (NE) and Southern (S) regions of Brazil from 1996 to 2020. Solar activity data, including th...This study examines the relationship between geomagnetic indices and mortality rates from specific diseases in the Northeast (NE) and Southern (S) regions of Brazil from 1996 to 2020. Solar activity data, including the Ap and Sudden Ionospheric Disturbance (SID) indices, were sourced from the World Data Center, while mortality data were obtained from the Mortality Information System (SIM-DATASUS). Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) emerged as the leading cause of mortality, with average death rates of 60.4, 56.8, and 58.3 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants in Pernambuco (PE), Rio Grande do Sul (RS), and Paraná (PR), respectively. Temporal analysis revealed a consistent upward trend in AMI mortality across most states, except for Santa Catarina (SC). Seasonal patterns identified through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) demonstrated that geomagnetic and climatic indices influenced mortality differently across regions and seasons. The Ap geomagnetic index was strongly correlated with higher AMI mortality rates during summer, while the SID index showed greater relevance during winter. A dipole phenomenon was observed, with AMI deaths increasing alongside geomagnetic activity in the S region but showing an inverse relationship in the NE region. These findings highlight the significant influence of geomagnetic variations on public health, particularly cardiovascular mortality. The study underscores the need for further research into the biological mechanisms underlying these associations and recommends the development of early warning systems and targeted preventive measures to mitigate the potential health impacts of geomagnetic disturbances, especially for vulnerable populations.展开更多
The Conservation Agriculture (CA) is a current concept drives to save natural resources for agricultural production based on the minimum soil disturbance or no-tillage, crop rotation and permanent maintenance of straw...The Conservation Agriculture (CA) is a current concept drives to save natural resources for agricultural production based on the minimum soil disturbance or no-tillage, crop rotation and permanent maintenance of straw on soil surface. The increasing in soil density is a problem to achieve great copping yield under CA, so occasional one-time tillage is considered as an alternative to continuous no-tillage. In this way, this experiment was carried out to compare occasional tillage and no-tillage interacting with cover crops in a field established under conservation agriculture. Thus, the experimental treatments were set up by two tillage methods, conventional tillage and no-tillage and two cover crops, white lupin and millet setting in a randomized blocks with split plot design with four replications. The traits evaluated in the research were soil fertility, soil resistance to penetration, soil moisture and tomato agronomic performance. No-tillage was more efficient to preserve soil moisture;however soil fertility, soil resistance to penetration and tomato yield were favored by conventional tillage. Regarding to cover crops white lupin increased the soil K concentration and enhanced the tomato growth. Although occasional tillage had better performance to the soil fertility and tomato yield, we highlighted that CA is the better way to increase soil health and soil and water conservation along the time leading to so desired regenerative agriculture.展开更多
We report on a mid-infrared fiber laser that uses a single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber mirror to realize the mode-locking operation.The laser generates 3.5 μm ultra-short pulses from an erbium-doped flu...We report on a mid-infrared fiber laser that uses a single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber mirror to realize the mode-locking operation.The laser generates 3.5 μm ultra-short pulses from an erbium-doped fluoride fiber by utilizing a dual-wavelength pumping scheme.Stable mode-locking is achieved at the 3.5 μm band with a repetition rate of 25.2 MHz.The maximum average power acquired from the laser in the mode-locking regime is 25 mW.The experimental results indicate that the carbon nanotube is an effective saturable absorber for mode-locking in the mid-infrared spectral region.展开更多
The article contains a list of 14 structured technical sheets on roots, rhizomes or tubers that will serve as guidance in improving the quality of health of people. The used method was through an active search for lit...The article contains a list of 14 structured technical sheets on roots, rhizomes or tubers that will serve as guidance in improving the quality of health of people. The used method was through an active search for literature that brought the observed aspects to the structuring of the technical sheets, i.e., literature that contains data related to composition, active ingredients, interaction (when described in the consulted literature), health condition in which they may be useful in helath care by various health professionals and anyone who may be of interest. The data obtained shows that there is a need for a careful evaluation of the foods (that contain roots, rhizomes, or tubers) used by polymedicated people due to possible interactions and incompatibilities that may exist.展开更多
Introduction: Primary polydipsia, frequently observed in patients with schizophrenia, can cause severe hyponatremia, leading to serious complications. Objective: This study reviews the management and prevalence of psy...Introduction: Primary polydipsia, frequently observed in patients with schizophrenia, can cause severe hyponatremia, leading to serious complications. Objective: This study reviews the management and prevalence of psychogenic polydipsia, focusing on treatments and clinical outcomes. Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, studies on polydipsia in psychiatric patients were included. Data were extracted from databases such as PubMed and Scopus, and a meta-analysis was performed. Results: Fifteen studies were analyzed, totaling 586 patients. The use of urea was effective in correcting hyponatremia, while antipsychotics showed mixed results. Heterogeneity between studies was moderate (I2 = 56%). Conclusion: Psychogenic polydipsia is a severe condition in schizophrenic patients. The use of urea has shown promise, but further studies are needed to optimize treatments.展开更多
Bariatric and metabolic surgeries have gained extensive popularity and trust due to their documented efficacy and safety in managing not only obesity but also associated comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypert...Bariatric and metabolic surgeries have gained extensive popularity and trust due to their documented efficacy and safety in managing not only obesity but also associated comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, sleep apnea, and joint pain. Traditionally, bariatric surgeries have been categorized into hypoabsorptive, restrictive, or hybrid approaches. However, these classifications inadequately reflect the complex anatomical and physiological alterations associated with modern surgical methodologies. This paper explores the evolution of metabolic surgeries, emphasizing the integration of physiological concepts into classic procedures to provide more tailored and effective treatment options for obesity and its comorbidities. Finally, the proposal for a new classification based on current metabolic concepts will facilitate communication among patients, doctors, and healthcare professionals. Additionally, it will enable a more didactic and standardized approach to data collection for conducting studies and publications.展开更多
文摘In the contemporary world, there are three interconnected global environmental crises (climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution). The common thread is the unsustainable pattern of production and consumption, which leads to international and local socio-environmental injustices. Seeking environmental justice in Brazil, the success of the rubber tapper social movement stands out, culminating in the Chico Mendes Extractive Reserve (RESEX) implementation in the Brazilian Amazon. However, the residents have struggled to generate income to help their families’ social reproduction. Conventional payment instruments for environmental services have failed to remunerate the socio-environmental attributes of sustainable products adequately. This paper aims to carry out a socio-environmental economic-ecological valuation of the main extractive products of the RESEX in 2021/2022. To this end, a methodology calculates the cost of social reproduction of rural family production, being a non-market price index reference for monetary valuation. The results indicate the acceptability of the socio-environmental valuation of native rubber and Brazil nuts, as they can guarantee environmental conservation, improve the families’ well-being with adequate income for their social reproduction, as well as value attributes outside the market, which helps in the fight against further expropriation or enclosure of rural families in the Amazon.
文摘Introduction: In the last thirty years, brain neuromodulation techniques have been used as an alternative to pharmacological treatment of neurological disorders. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder leading to bradykinesia, rest tremor, postural changes, and non-motor symptoms such as depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, pain, and cognitive decline that compromises executive functions (EFs), responsible for the orderly execution of behaviors and tasks of daily life and intentional and directed actions. To this date, a few studies with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have shown beneficial effects in PD patients concerning specific motor and non-motor symptoms, targeting the motor cortex and/or prefrontal regions. Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of left prefrontal tDCS across a broad spectrum of motor and non-motor symptoms of PD using established validated scales. Method: Single-blind randomized clinical trial with 18 volunteers with PD, aged between 45 and 80 years (66.1 ± 9.65), who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were submitted to assessments of motor and non-motor functions employing psychometric scales and tests to evaluate EFs and were randomly divided into two groups: control (sham stimulation) and experimental (active stimulation). All participants were involved in three separate tDCS sessions. The anode was positioned over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the cathode over the right supraorbital region, with a direct current intensity of 2 mA, lasting 20 minutes. At the end of the three sessions, all participants were reassessed. Results: Significant effects of tDCS on non-motor functions were observed for cognition (verbal fluency of actions, clock copy test, appointment by visual confrontation, and verbal memory with immediate free recall) and subjective assessment of sleep quality (overall restlessness and discomfort in the arms and legs at night, leg and arm cramps at night and distressing dreams). There was also an improvement in the rate of errors and successes for congruent and incongruent stimuli of the Stroop Test. The beneficial effects on motor function were decreased rigidity, improved gait, and greater agility in the finger-tapping test. Conclusion: Three tDCS sessions showed positive results for participants with PD, producing significant improvements in various motor and non-motor functions, including sleep quality, cognition, and EFs. Additionally, the present results indicate that tDCS neuromodulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex region is feasible, safe, and provides significant objective benefits for PD patients.
文摘The practice of soccer involves carrying-out actions of high intensity, which demand a great generation of eccentric strength, which in turn results in an increase in the inflammatory response after training practice and game matches. The study aimed to investigate, in combination and individually, the association of 28 polymorphisms with the inflammatory responses of soccer athletes. The sample consisted of 47 male under-20 soccer athletes who belong to clubs in the first division of Brazilian soccer. Blood samples were collected at Pre, and 03, 24, and 48 hours after the training session to evaluate the inflammatory responses (hematological analyzes (hemogram), creatine phosphokinase (CK), high sensitivity quantitative C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)). DNA was obtained through scraping of buccal cells, where a sterile swab was rubbed on the inner side of the mouth of each participant 06 times. The database was built using the TruSeq DNA PCRFree kit (Illumina®) and the Covaris equipment for shearing genomic DNA (gDNA) by ultrasound. Of the analyzed SNPs, 09 (ACTN3 rs1815739, COL5A1 rs12722, COL5A1 rs3196378, HGF rs5745697, IGF1 rs35767, IL-6 rs1800795, MMP3 rs679620, SLC30A8 rs13266634, SOX15 rs4227) were individually associated with biomarkers and 07 SNPs, (COL5A1 rs12722, COL5A1 rs3196378, COL5A1 rs1800012, HGF rs5745697, IGF1 rs35767, IL-6 rs1800795 and MMP3 rs679620) analyzed in combination, explained 16% to 40% of the variation of inflammatory responses in soccer athletes. The results suggest that the genotypic profile can be taken into account for a more individualized distribution of the training load, along with the elaboration of recovery strategies for high-level athletes between training sessions and games of high physical and physiological demand.
文摘Soft tissue sarcoma is rare neoplasms that affect mainly the extremities. Surgery is the mean treatment and the resection results in extensive muscle and skin loss. The anterolateral tight flap is a good option for sarcomas arising in knees, superior third of legs and the medial face of thigh. The anatomy knowledge and the multidisciplinary approach is very important for a successful reconstruction. The authors report a successful case treated with the anterolateral tight flap and a literature review.
文摘Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a chronic disease, primarily caused by a combination of defective insulin secretion and the inability of insulin-sensitive tissues to respond to insulin. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy associated with duodenal ileal interposition (SGDII) has been shown to be a feasible treatment option for patients with T2D, as it provides improvement and control of glycemia, dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mid and long-term results of SGDII for the treatment of diabetic patients, considering diabetic remission, weight loss and postoperative complications. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study with 96 patients with T2D submitted to SGDII, between 2010 and 2016. The glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) value Results: Sixty-one patients (62.8%) were male, and 36 patients (37.2%) were female. The average age was 50.9 years. Median BMI was 33.43 kg/m2. The incidence of major postoperative complications in the first 30 days was 2.1%, with no mortality. Dyslipidemia control was sustained, after five years, in 62% of the patients. The five years follow-up demonstrated that 80% of patients had T2D remission at one year, 74.5% at three years and 61.8% at five years. Univariate analysis demonstrated that preoperative values of HbA1c and BMI, preoperative use of insulin, gender, and 30-day complication were not predictors of remission at all study intervals. The average duration of the disease was nine years and the mean glycated hemoglobin before surgery was 8.95%. Conclusion: SGDII resulted in good glycemic control at 5-years follow-up and represents a valid alternative for the treatment of T2D.
文摘Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disabling disease that can affect 6% to 12% of the adult population and more than a third of people over 65 years of age. Purpose: To assess whether a group of people with hand osteoarthritis (hOA) who received different types of treatment improved their function after two years of follow-up. Method: The entire sample (n = 97) underwent three follow-up assessments regarding anthropometric parameters of the upper limbs and ability to perform functional activities. Subsequently, the sample was divided into two groups for the intervention periods, called the First Period (n = 73) and the Second Period (n = 24);the First Period kept the same protocol with orientations, and the Second Period went to an intervention with orientation strength exercises and use of orthosis. Findings: In the separate analysis of the three questions of the DASH pain module, no differences were found between the assessment moments for groups of guidelines, treatment, or symptoms. Significant effects were observed for F(2, 162) = 3.5, p = 0.033, η2 = 0.04, and interaction for moments and intervention F(2, 162) = 4.3, p = 0.016, η2 = 0.05. Implications: It can be concluded that only guidance treatment does not benefit patients with hand osteoarthritis. In contrast, guidance, exercise, and orthosis treatment can significantly improve the disease.
文摘Brazil annually faces significant challenges with mass movements, particularly in areas with poorly constructed housing, inadequate engineering, and lacking sanitation infrastructure. Campos do Jordão, in São Paulo state, is a city currently grappling with these issues. This paper details a study conducted within a pilot area in Campos do Jordão, where geophysical surveys and geotechnical borehole data were integrated. The geophysical surveys provided 2D profiles, and samples were collected to analyse soil moisture and plasticity. These datasets were combined using a Cokriging-based model to produce an accurate representation of the subsurface conditions. The enhanced modelling of subsurface variability facilitates a deeper understanding of soil behavior, which can be used to improve landslide risk assessments. This approach is innovative, particularly within the international context where similar studies often do not address the complexities associated with urban planning deficits such as those observed in some areas of Brazil. These conditions, including the lack of proper sanitation and irregular housing, significantly influence the geological stability of the region, adding layers of complexity to subsurface assessments. Adapting geotechnical evaluation methods to local challenges offers the potential to increase the efficacy and relevance of geological risk management in regions with similar socio-economic and urban characteristics.
文摘Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a versatile biomaterial with unique properties that make it promising for various biomedical applications, including wound healing. The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in wound healing, providing a structural scaffold and signaling cues for cell migration and proliferation. This study investigates the potential of BC as a scaffold for ECM production and its effect on in vivo wound healing. In this work, the bacterial cellulose fermentation process is modified by the addition of Green Propolis and Usnic acid to the culture medium and natural materials before the bacteria are inoculated. In vivo behaviour using natural membranes for regenerative medicine is presented and it is in edit. Overall, our findings demonstrate the potential of BC as a scaffold for ECM production and its beneficial effects on in vivo wound healing. BC-based dressings may offer a novel approach to promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration in clinical settings. Further studies are warranted to optimize BC-based therapies and explore their full potential in regenerative medicine.
文摘Climate change is a reality. The burning of fossil fuels from oil, natural gas and coal is responsible for much of the pollution and the increase in the planet’s average temperature, which has raised discussions on the subject, given the emergencies related to climate. An energy transition to clean and renewable sources is necessary and urgent, but it will not be quick. In this sense, increasing the efficiency of oil extraction from existing sources is crucial, to avoid waste and the drilling of new wells. The purpose of this work was to add diffusive and dispersive terms to the Buckley-Leverett equation in order to incorporate extra phenomena in the temporal evolution between the water-oil and oil-water transitions in the pipeline. For this, the modified Buckley-Leverett equation was discretized via essentially weighted non-oscillatory schemes, coupled with a three-stage Runge-Kutta and a fourth-order centered finite difference methods. Then, computational simulations were performed and the results showed that new features emerge in the transitions, when compared to classical simulations. For instance, the dispersive term inhibits the diffusive term, adding oscillations, which indicates that the absorption of the fluid by the porous medium occurs in a non-homogeneous manner. Therefore, based on research such as this, decisions can be made regarding the replacement of the porous medium or the insertion of new components to delay the replacement.
文摘The improvement of microbial characterization has increased the comprehension of microbial population and their ability in the microbiological metal dissolution. Bioleaching processes have been expanded to use microorganisms for the recovery of metals from ores and wastes. This study introduces Palca mine tailings pond in Peru which turned into acid mine drainage (AMD). AMD is a source of microbial communities whose microorganisms may support the aqueous extractive metallurgy for metal recovery. Four samples of AMD were collected from different locations and the elemental characterization showed concentrations of metals, such as Cu, Zn, Al, Mn, and Fe. The pH of the samples showed variation between 1.9 - 6.8. Twenty-one microorganisms were isolated and selected according the cell morphology. 16s rRNA gene sequences identified five species of which three belong to the bacterial kingdom and two to the Fungi kingdom. Two of the bacterial species were ferrous ion oxidizing bacteria, identified as Acidithiobacillus ferriphilus and Acidithiobacillus ferridurans;and the other one a ferric ion reducing bacteria identified as Acidiphilium acidophilum. The fungi species identified were Rhodotorula sinensis and Exophiala xenobiotica, a filamentous fungus isolated for the first time from an AMD.
文摘The identification of natural, plant-derived compounds with pesticidal properties is crucial for developing environmentally sustainable alternatives to synthetic pesticides. In this study, four major lignans—dihydroclusin, cubebin, clusin, and yatein—were isolated from the crude extract of Piper cubeba fruit. Phytotoxicity assays revealed herbicidal activity against Agrostis stolonifera, with dihydroclusin and clusin exhibiting the highest efficacy, inhibiting seed germination by 50% and showing IC50 values of 2.9 µM and 45 µM, respectively, against Lemna paucicostata. Additionally, all compounds, except dihydroclusin, demonstrated fungicidal activity against the strawberry anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum fragariae. Moreover, only dihydroclusin exhibited larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, causing 96% mortality of mosquito larvae at the 100-ppm concentration tested. These findings highlight the broad-spectrum bioactivity of Piper cubeba lignans, suggesting their potential as alternative agents of synthetic pesticides for managing agricultural pests.
文摘This paper shows new results for Bujuru and Retiro HM deposits geological control, located in the Coastal Plain of the Rio Grande do Sul state (Brazil). Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), drillholes and fieldwork were applied to investigate deformational structures that control Holocene sediment deposition and the HM deposits accumulation. The Bujuru and Retiro HM deposits were developed as a consequence to deformational traps (synthetic and antithetic normal faults). Mechanical subsidence and hanging-wall rotation, instead of sea level changes, are the main controlling mechanism for structural placers development that leads to existing HM deposits. Based on listric fault displacement and sedimentation rates, it is possible to distinguish three stages of lagoonal deposition, and two main episodes of HM accumulation. The preliminary HM concentration episode is due to sediment reworking from Pleistocene footwall escarpment and from a Pleistocene structural barrier developed in the hanging-wall oceanward (LFS 6). The second HM concentration episode is characterized by TDS and TD (LFS 5) developing upon a brachyanticline built due to the progressive deformation of the hanging-wall that includes previous Holocene lagoonal radarfacies. The TDS and TD are a sedimentary barrier and migrate inland due to NE onshore winds that also accumulate over the structurally controlled lagoons.
文摘Introduction: Our study focused on the evaluation of renal function in children with sickle cell disease compared to children without sickle cell disease at the pediatric emergency unit of the Donka National Hospital and SOS Drepano-Guinea center. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study lasting 3 months (October 1 to December 31, 2020). Were included, all sickle cell and non-sickle cell children aged 0 to 15 received on an outpatient basis and had undergone an exploration of renal function (serum creatinine and urine dipstick). Results: We performed the urine dipstick and serum creatinine in 75 children, 45 of whom were sickle cell and 30 were not sickle cell. 27 of our patients or 36% had a reduction in GFR, among them 9 or 20% were sickle cell and 18 or 60% were not sickle cell. The most affected age group was 5 to 9 years in sickle cell (66.7%) and non-sickle cell (38.9%). In sickle cell patients, 9 cases (100%) had mild renal failure (IRL). Non-sickle cell patients, had 14 cases or 77.8% of IRL and 4 cases (22.2%) of moderate IR. Sickle cell disease and antibiotics which had the respective p-value (0.01);(0.02), were statistically significant with the onset of renal failure. Conclusion: Several factors including sickle cell anemia and antibiotics are believed to be involved in lowering GFR. It would be essential to detect early the children received in consultation.
文摘This study examines the relationship between geomagnetic indices and mortality rates from specific diseases in the Northeast (NE) and Southern (S) regions of Brazil from 1996 to 2020. Solar activity data, including the Ap and Sudden Ionospheric Disturbance (SID) indices, were sourced from the World Data Center, while mortality data were obtained from the Mortality Information System (SIM-DATASUS). Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) emerged as the leading cause of mortality, with average death rates of 60.4, 56.8, and 58.3 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants in Pernambuco (PE), Rio Grande do Sul (RS), and Paraná (PR), respectively. Temporal analysis revealed a consistent upward trend in AMI mortality across most states, except for Santa Catarina (SC). Seasonal patterns identified through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) demonstrated that geomagnetic and climatic indices influenced mortality differently across regions and seasons. The Ap geomagnetic index was strongly correlated with higher AMI mortality rates during summer, while the SID index showed greater relevance during winter. A dipole phenomenon was observed, with AMI deaths increasing alongside geomagnetic activity in the S region but showing an inverse relationship in the NE region. These findings highlight the significant influence of geomagnetic variations on public health, particularly cardiovascular mortality. The study underscores the need for further research into the biological mechanisms underlying these associations and recommends the development of early warning systems and targeted preventive measures to mitigate the potential health impacts of geomagnetic disturbances, especially for vulnerable populations.
文摘The Conservation Agriculture (CA) is a current concept drives to save natural resources for agricultural production based on the minimum soil disturbance or no-tillage, crop rotation and permanent maintenance of straw on soil surface. The increasing in soil density is a problem to achieve great copping yield under CA, so occasional one-time tillage is considered as an alternative to continuous no-tillage. In this way, this experiment was carried out to compare occasional tillage and no-tillage interacting with cover crops in a field established under conservation agriculture. Thus, the experimental treatments were set up by two tillage methods, conventional tillage and no-tillage and two cover crops, white lupin and millet setting in a randomized blocks with split plot design with four replications. The traits evaluated in the research were soil fertility, soil resistance to penetration, soil moisture and tomato agronomic performance. No-tillage was more efficient to preserve soil moisture;however soil fertility, soil resistance to penetration and tomato yield were favored by conventional tillage. Regarding to cover crops white lupin increased the soil K concentration and enhanced the tomato growth. Although occasional tillage had better performance to the soil fertility and tomato yield, we highlighted that CA is the better way to increase soil health and soil and water conservation along the time leading to so desired regenerative agriculture.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Nos. 61975136, 61935014, 61775146, and 61905151)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No. 2019A1515010699)+2 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Project (Nos. JCYJ20160520161351540, JCYJ20170817100639177,JCYJ20170302151146995, JCYJ20180305125352956,JCYJ20160328144942069,and JCYJ20190808141011530)State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (No. IPOC2019ZZ01)State Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Laser Technology (No. SKL2018KF04)
文摘We report on a mid-infrared fiber laser that uses a single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber mirror to realize the mode-locking operation.The laser generates 3.5 μm ultra-short pulses from an erbium-doped fluoride fiber by utilizing a dual-wavelength pumping scheme.Stable mode-locking is achieved at the 3.5 μm band with a repetition rate of 25.2 MHz.The maximum average power acquired from the laser in the mode-locking regime is 25 mW.The experimental results indicate that the carbon nanotube is an effective saturable absorber for mode-locking in the mid-infrared spectral region.
文摘The article contains a list of 14 structured technical sheets on roots, rhizomes or tubers that will serve as guidance in improving the quality of health of people. The used method was through an active search for literature that brought the observed aspects to the structuring of the technical sheets, i.e., literature that contains data related to composition, active ingredients, interaction (when described in the consulted literature), health condition in which they may be useful in helath care by various health professionals and anyone who may be of interest. The data obtained shows that there is a need for a careful evaluation of the foods (that contain roots, rhizomes, or tubers) used by polymedicated people due to possible interactions and incompatibilities that may exist.
文摘Introduction: Primary polydipsia, frequently observed in patients with schizophrenia, can cause severe hyponatremia, leading to serious complications. Objective: This study reviews the management and prevalence of psychogenic polydipsia, focusing on treatments and clinical outcomes. Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, studies on polydipsia in psychiatric patients were included. Data were extracted from databases such as PubMed and Scopus, and a meta-analysis was performed. Results: Fifteen studies were analyzed, totaling 586 patients. The use of urea was effective in correcting hyponatremia, while antipsychotics showed mixed results. Heterogeneity between studies was moderate (I2 = 56%). Conclusion: Psychogenic polydipsia is a severe condition in schizophrenic patients. The use of urea has shown promise, but further studies are needed to optimize treatments.
文摘Bariatric and metabolic surgeries have gained extensive popularity and trust due to their documented efficacy and safety in managing not only obesity but also associated comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, sleep apnea, and joint pain. Traditionally, bariatric surgeries have been categorized into hypoabsorptive, restrictive, or hybrid approaches. However, these classifications inadequately reflect the complex anatomical and physiological alterations associated with modern surgical methodologies. This paper explores the evolution of metabolic surgeries, emphasizing the integration of physiological concepts into classic procedures to provide more tailored and effective treatment options for obesity and its comorbidities. Finally, the proposal for a new classification based on current metabolic concepts will facilitate communication among patients, doctors, and healthcare professionals. Additionally, it will enable a more didactic and standardized approach to data collection for conducting studies and publications.
