The aim of this study was to investigate the trend in testicular volume changes after orchiopexy in children with cryptorchidism.The clinical data of 854 children with cryptorchidism who underwent orchiopexy between J...The aim of this study was to investigate the trend in testicular volume changes after orchiopexy in children with cryptorchidism.The clinical data of 854 children with cryptorchidism who underwent orchiopexy between January 2013 and December 2016 in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital(Shenzhen,China)were retrospectively analyzed.The mean(standard deviation)age of the patients was 2.8(2.5)years,and the duration of follow-up ranged from 1 year to 5 years.Ultrasonography was conducted preoperatively and postoperatively.The variables analyzed included age at the time of surgery,type of surgical procedure,laterality,preoperative testicular position,preoperative and postoperative testicular volumes,and the testicular volume ratio of them.The average testicular volumes preoperatively and at 1 year,2 years,3 years,and 5 years postoperatively were 0.27 ml,0.38 ml,0.53 ml,0.87 ml,and 1.00 ml,respectively(P<0.001).The corresponding testicular volume ratios were 0.67,0.76,0.80,0.83,and 0.84(P<0.001).The mean volume of the undescended testes was significantly smaller than the mean normative value(P<0.001,lower than the 10th percentile).The postoperative testicular volumes in children with cryptorchidism were generally lower than those in healthy boys but were still greater than the 10th percentile and exhibited an increasing trend.The older the child is at the time of surgery,the larger the gap in volume between the affected and normal testes.Although testicular volume tends to gradually increase after orchiopexy for cryptorchidism,it could not normalizes.Earlier surgery results in affected testicular volumes closer to those of healthy boys.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cryptococcus is a systemic opportunistic pathogenic fungus that can cause infections in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts,with diverse clinical manifestations,ranging from asymptomatic pulmon...BACKGROUND Cryptococcus is a systemic opportunistic pathogenic fungus that can cause infections in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts,with diverse clinical manifestations,ranging from asymptomatic pulmonary lesions to disseminated central nervous system infections.The incidence of pulmonary cryptococcosis(PC)has rapidly increased in recent years,with an increasing proportion of non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected and immunocompetent patients making its diagnosis challenging.If not properly recognized,PC can lead to systemic dissemination and high mortality rates.Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the prognosis.This study summarizes the clinical features of three immunocompetent children with PC who presented with chest pain to raise clinicians'awareness of the disease and reduce mortality.CASE SUMMARY Three male pediatric patients in good health were hospitalized because of chest pain without cough or fever.Chest computed tomography(CT)revealed pleuralbased nodules and consolidation with cavitation.A lung biopsy was performed in one case,and Cryptococcus was cultured from the pathological tissues.Cryptococcus was detected in the alveolar lavage fluid,and serum Cryptococcus capsular(C.capsular)polysaccharide antigen was positive in one case,and the other case was positive for serum C.capsular polysaccharide.All patients received oral fluconazole treatment.Follow-up chest CT scans after six months showed significant resolution of the lesions.CONCLUSION PC can also occur in immunocompetent children.When encountering children with chest pain only in the clinic,one should be vigilant about PC,promptly complete the relevant examinations,and avoid misdiagnosis.展开更多
Dear Editor,The Cay2.1 channel,also known as the P/Q-type Ca^(2+) channel,is a particular type of voltage-gated Ca^(2+) channel primarily expressed on the presynaptic membrane in the brain[1].It serves as an essential...Dear Editor,The Cay2.1 channel,also known as the P/Q-type Ca^(2+) channel,is a particular type of voltage-gated Ca^(2+) channel primarily expressed on the presynaptic membrane in the brain[1].It serves as an essential part of the precisely orchestrated neurotransmitter release machinery.展开更多
Lipocalin-2(LCN2)is a member of the lipocalin superfamily with multiple functions and can participate in the transport of a variety of small lipophilic ligands in vivo.LCN2 is significantly expressed in various tumors...Lipocalin-2(LCN2)is a member of the lipocalin superfamily with multiple functions and can participate in the transport of a variety of small lipophilic ligands in vivo.LCN2 is significantly expressed in various tumors and plays an important role in regulating tumor cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis.The specific actions of LCN2 in tumors may vary depending on the particular type of cancer involved.In this review,we provide an extensive overview of the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of LCN2 in health and disease.Furthermore,we summarize the impact of LCN2 dysregulation in a broad range of tumors.Lastly,we examine the mechanisms of action of LCN2 during tumorigenesis,progression,and metastasis.Understanding the complex relationships between LCN2 and tumor development,progression,and metastasis is vital for advancing our knowledge of cancer biology,developing biomarkers for diagnosis and clinical decision-making,and creating therapeutic strategies to improve the management of patients with cancer.展开更多
AIM To investigate whether patients with refractory epilepsy and healthy infants differ in gut microbiota(GM),and how ketogenic diet(KD)alters GM.METHODS A total of 14 epileptic and 30 healthy infants were recruited a...AIM To investigate whether patients with refractory epilepsy and healthy infants differ in gut microbiota(GM),and how ketogenic diet(KD)alters GM.METHODS A total of 14 epileptic and 30 healthy infants were recruited and seizure frequencies were recorded.Stool samples were collected for 16 S r DNA sequencing using the Illumina Miseq platform.The composition of GM in each sample was analyzed with MOTHUR,and intergroup comparison was conducted by R software.RESULTS After being on KD treatment for a week,64%of epileptic infants showed an obvious improvement,with a 50%decrease in seizure frequency.GM structure in epileptic infants(P1 group)differed dramatically from that in healthy infants(Health group).Proteobacteria,which had accumulated significantly in the P1 group,decreased dramatically after KD treatment(P2 group).Cronobacter predominated in the P1 group and remained at a low level both in the Health and P2 groups.Bacteroides increased significantly in the P2 group,in which Prevotella and Bifidobacterium also grew in numbers and kept increasing.CONCLUSION GM pattern in healthy infants differed dramatically from that of the epileptic group.KD could significantly modify symptoms of epilepsy and reshape the GM of epileptic infants.展开更多
AIM: To determine the therapeutic efficacy of resveratrol on ulcerative colitis (UC) and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS: The mouse UC model was developed using 5% dextran sulfate sodium. Mice were randomly divided...AIM: To determine the therapeutic efficacy of resveratrol on ulcerative colitis (UC) and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS: The mouse UC model was developed using 5% dextran sulfate sodium. Mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal control, UC model group, resveratrol low-dose group (RLD; 50 mg/kg per day), and resveratrol high-dose group (RHD; 100 mg/kg per day). RESULTS: The results showed that RLD regulates Treg/Th17 balance mainly through reducing the number of Th17 cells, whereas RHD regulates Treg/Th17 balance through both downregulating the number of Th17 cells and upregulating the number of Treg cells. Resveratrol can also regulate the level of plasma and intestinal mucosal cytokines including interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor-beta 1, IL-6, and IL-17. The expressions of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1 alpha, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 were significantly decreased in the intestinal tissues of mice treated with resveratrol. CONCLUSION: The therapeutic efficacy of resveratrol in UC is dose dependent and closely associated with the regulation of Treg/Th17 balance and the HIF-1 alpha/mTOR signaling pathway.展开更多
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic non-organic disease of the digestive system. Berberine (BBR) has been used to treat patients with IBS, but the underlying therapeutic mechanism is little u...BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic non-organic disease of the digestive system. Berberine (BBR) has been used to treat patients with IBS, but the underlying therapeutic mechanism is little understood. We believe that BBR achieves its therapeutic effect on IBS by preventing stress intestinal inflammation and visceral hypersensitivity and reducing bowel motility. AIM To test the hypothesis that BBR achieves its therapeutic effect on IBS by preventing subclinical inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and reducing visceral hypersensitivity and intestinal motility. METHODS IBS was induced in rats via water avoidance stress (WAS). qRT-PCR and histological analyses were used to evaluate the levels of cytokines and mucosal inflammation, respectively. Modified ELISA and qRT-PCR were used to evaluate the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signal transduction pathway. Colorectal distention test, gastrointestinal transit measurement, Western blot, and qRT-PCR were used to analyze visceral sensitivity, intestinal motility, the expression of Ckit (marker of Cajal mesenchymal cells), and the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor TrkB.RESULTS WAS led to mucosal inflammation, visceral hyperalgesia, and high intestinal motility. Oral administration of BBR inhibited the NF-κB signal transduction pathway, reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)- 1β, IL-6, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α], promoted the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β), and improved the terminal ileum tissue inflammation. BBR inhibited the expression of BDNF, TrkB, and C-kit in IBS rats, leading to the reduction of intestinal motility and visceral hypersensitivity. The therapeutic effect of BBR at a high dose (100 mg/kg) was superior to than that of the low-dose (25 mg/kg) group. CONCLUSION BBR reduces intestinal mucosal inflammation by inhibiting the intestinal NF-κB signal pathway in the IBS rats. BBR reduces the expression of BDNF, its receptor TrkB, and C-kit. BBR also reduces intestinal motility and visceral sensitivity to achieve its therapeutic effect on IBS.展开更多
BACKGROUND Endoscopic balloon dilatation (EBD) has become the first line of therapy for benign esophageal strictures (ESs);however,there are few publications about the predictive factors for the outcomes of this treat...BACKGROUND Endoscopic balloon dilatation (EBD) has become the first line of therapy for benign esophageal strictures (ESs);however,there are few publications about the predictive factors for the outcomes of this treatment.AIM To assess the predictive factors for the outcomes of EBD treatment for strictures after esophageal atresia (EA) repair.METHODS Children with anastomotic ES after thoracoscopic esophageal atresia repair treated by EBD from January 2012 to December 2016 were included.All procedures were performed under tracheal intubation and intravenous anesthesia using a three-grade controlled radial expansion balloon with gastroscopy.Outcomes were recorded and predictors of the outcomes were analyzed.RESULTS A total of 64 patients were included in this analysis.The rates of response,complications,and recurrence were 96.77%,8.06%,and 2.33%,respectively.The number of dilatation sessions and complications were significantly higher in patients with a smaller stricture diameter (P=0.013 and 0.023,respectively) and with more than one stricture (P=0.014 and 0.004,respectively).The length of the stricture was significantly associated with complications of EBD (P=0.001).A longer interval between surgery and the first dilatation was related to more sessions and a poorer response (P=0.017 and 0.024,respectively).CONCLUSION The diameter,length,and number of strictures are the most important predictive factors for the clinical outcomes of endoscopic balloon dilatation in pediatric ES.The interval between surgery and the first EBD is another factor affectingresponse and the number of sessions of dilatation.展开更多
Tumor cells show acidic conditions compared with normal cells,which further inspires scientist to build nanocarrier responsive to tumor microenvironment(TME)for enhancing tumor therapeutic efficacy.Here,we report a pH...Tumor cells show acidic conditions compared with normal cells,which further inspires scientist to build nanocarrier responsive to tumor microenvironment(TME)for enhancing tumor therapeutic efficacy.Here,we report a pH-sensitive and biocompatible polyprodrug based on dextran-doxorubicin(DOX)prodrug(DOXDT)for enhanced chemotherapy.Highdensity DOX component was covalently decorated on the nanocarrier and the drug molecules could be effectively released in the acidic tumor tissue/cells,improving chemotherapy efficacy.Specifically,a dextran-based copolymer was preliminarily prepared by one-step atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP);then DOX was conjugated on the copolymer component via pH-responsive hydrazone bond.The structure of DOXDT can be well-controlled.The resulting DOXDT was able to further self-assemble into nanoscale micelles with a hydration diameter of about 32.4 nm,which presented excellent micellar stability.Compared to lipid-based drug delivery system,the DOXDT prodrug showed higher drug load capacity up to 23.6%.In addition,excellent stability and smaller size of the nanocarrier contributed to better tissue permeability and tumor suppressive effects in vivo.Hence,this amphipathic DOXDT prodrug is promising in the development of translational DOX formulations,which would be widely applied in cancer therapy.展开更多
Steroid 5β-reductase [aldo-keto reductase family 1 member D1(AKR1D1)] is essential for bile acid biosynthesis. Bile acid deficiency caused by genetic defects in AKR1D1 leads to life-threatening neonatal hepatitis and...Steroid 5β-reductase [aldo-keto reductase family 1 member D1(AKR1D1)] is essential for bile acid biosynthesis. Bile acid deficiency caused by genetic defects in AKR1D1 leads to life-threatening neonatal hepatitis and cholestasis. There is still limited experience regarding the treatment of this disease. We describe an infant who presented with hyperbilirubinemia and coagulopathy but normal bile acid and γ-glutamyltransferase. Gene analysis was performed using genomic DNA from peripheral lymphocytes from the patient, his parents, and his elder brother. The patient was compound heterozygous for c.919C>T in exon 8 and exhibited a loss of heterozygosity of the AKR1D1 gene, which led to an amino acid substitution of arginine by cysteine at amino acid position 307(p.R307C). Based on these mutations, the patient was confirmed to have primary 5β-reductase deficiency. Ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) treatment did not have any effect on the patient. However, when we changed to chenodeoxycholic acid(CDCA) treatment, his symptoms and laboratory tests gradually improved. It is therefore crucial to supplement with an adequate dose of CDCA early to improve clinical symptoms and to normalize laboratory tests.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency(OTCD)is an X-linked inherited disorder and characterized by marked elevation of blood ammonia.The goal of treatment is to minimize the neurological damage caused by hyp...BACKGROUND Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency(OTCD)is an X-linked inherited disorder and characterized by marked elevation of blood ammonia.The goal of treatment is to minimize the neurological damage caused by hyperammonemia.OTCD can be cured by liver transplantation(LT).Post-transplant patients can discontinue anti-hyperammonemia agents and consume a regular diet without the risk of developing hyperammonemia.The neurological damage caused by hyperammonemia is almost irreversible.CASE SUMMARY An 11.7-year-old boy presented with headache,vomiting,and altered consciousness.The patient was diagnosed with late-onset OTCD.After nitrogen scavenging treatment and a protein-free diet,ammonia levels were reduced to normal on the third day of admission.Nevertheless,the patient remained in a moderate coma.After discussion,LT was performed.Following LT,the patient’s blood ammonia and biochemical indicators stabilized in the normal range,he regained consciousness,and his nervous system function significantly recovered.Two months after LT,blood amino acids and urine organic acids were normal,and brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a decrease in subcortical lesions.CONCLUSION LT can significantly improve partial neurological impairment caused by late-onset OTCD hyperammonemic encephalopathy,and LT can be actively considered when early drug therapy is ineffective.展开更多
Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a highly contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).The gold standard method for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 depends on quantitative r...Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a highly contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).The gold standard method for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 depends on quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction till now,which is time-consuming and requires expensive instrumentation,and the confirmation of variants relies on further sequencing techniques.Herein,we first proposed a robust technique-methodology of electrochemical CRISPR sensing with the advantages of rapid,highly sensitivity and specificity for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 variant.To enhance the sensing capability,gold electrodes are uniformly decorated with electro-deposited gold nanoparticles.Using DNA template identical to SARS-CoV-2 Delta spike gene sequence as model,our biosensor exhibits excellent analytical detection limit(50 fM)and high linearity(R2=0.987)over six orders of magnitude dynamic range from 100 fM to 10 nM without any nucleic-acid-amplification assays.The detection can be completed within 1 h with high stability and specificity which benefits from the CRISPR-Cas system.Furthermore,based on the wireless micro-electrochemical platform,the proposed biosensor reveals promising application ability in point-of-care testing.展开更多
Lipid metabolism play an essential role in occurrence and development of asthma,and it can be disturbed by phthalate esters(PAEs)and organophosphate fame retardants(OPFRs).As a chronic infammatory respiratory disease,...Lipid metabolism play an essential role in occurrence and development of asthma,and it can be disturbed by phthalate esters(PAEs)and organophosphate fame retardants(OPFRs).As a chronic infammatory respiratory disease,the occurrence risk of childhood asthma is increased by PAEs and OPFRs exposure,but it remains not entirely clear how PAEs and OPFRs contribute the onset and progress of the disease.We have profiled the serum levels of PAEs and OPFRs congeners by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry,and its relationships with the dysregulation of lipid metabolism in asthmatic,bronchitic(acute infammation)and healthy(non-infammation)children.Eight PAEs and nine OPFRs congeners were found in the serum of children(1–5 years old)from Shenzhen,and their total median levels were 615.16 ng/m L and 17.06 ng/m L,respectively.Moreover,the serum levels of mono-methyl phthalate(MMP),tri-propyl phosphate(TPP)and tri-n-butyl phosphate(TNBP)were significant higher in asthmatic children than in healthy and bronchitic children as control.Thirty-one characteristic lipids and fatty acids of asthma were screened by machine-learning random forest model based on serum lipidome data,and the alterations of infammatory characteristic lipids and fatty acids including palmitic acids,12,13-Di HODE,14,21-Di HDHA,prostaglandin D2 and Lyso PA(18:2)showed significant correlated with high serum levels of MMP,TPP and TNBP.These results imply PAEs and OPFRs promote the occurrence of childhood asthma via disrupting infammatory lipid and fatty acid metabolism,and provide a novel sight for better understanding the effects of plastic additives on childhood asthma.展开更多
BACKGROUND Nontraumatic myositis ossificans is a rare disease whose specific pathogenesis is unclear.Early diagnosis of this disease is very difficult in children because of difficulties in determining medical history...BACKGROUND Nontraumatic myositis ossificans is a rare disease whose specific pathogenesis is unclear.Early diagnosis of this disease is very difficult in children because of difficulties in determining medical history and nonspecific early clinical manifestations,which may lead to the failure of timely and effective diagnosis and treatment in some patients.We report the diagnosis and treatment of a child with nontraumatic myositis ossificans and summarize the clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment of the disease.CASE SUMMARY An 8-year-old girl first came to our hospital for more than a week with pain in the right lower limb.There was no history of trauma or strenuous activities.On physical examination,no mass on the right thigh was found,and the movement of the right lower extremity was limited.Ultrasonography showed synovitis of the hip,and bed rest was recommended.Three days later,the child’s pain persisted and worsened,accompanied by fever and other discomforts.She came to our hospital again and a mass was found on the right thigh with redness and swelling on the surface.The images showed a soft tissue tumor on the right thigh with calcification.Routine blood tests revealed that the inflammation index was significantly increased.In case of infection,the patient was given antibiotics,and the pain was relieved soon after,without fever.However,the right thigh mass persisted and hardened.The patient underwent incision biopsy more than 1 mo later,and the postoperative pathology showed nontraumatic myositis ossificans.After approximately 9 mo of observation,the tumor still persisted,which affected the life of the child,and then resection was performed.Since follow-up,there has been no recurrence.CONCLUSION Due to the difficulty in discerning a child’s medical history and the diverse early manifestations,it is difficult to diagnose nonossifying muscle disease in children in its early stage.Measures such as timely follow-up and periodic image monitoring are conducive to early diagnosis of the disease.The disease has a certain degree of self-limitation,and it can be observed and treated first.If the tumor persists in the later stage or affects functioning,then surgery is considered.展开更多
BACKGROUND Although the specific pathogenesis of preterm birth(PTB)has not been thoroughly clarified,it is known to be related to various factors,such as pregnancy complications,maternal socioeconomic factors,lifestyl...BACKGROUND Although the specific pathogenesis of preterm birth(PTB)has not been thoroughly clarified,it is known to be related to various factors,such as pregnancy complications,maternal socioeconomic factors,lifestyle habits,reproductive history,environmental and psychological factors,prenatal care,and nutritional status.PTB has serious implications for newborns and families and is associated with high mortality and complications.Therefore,the prediction of PTB risk can facilitate early intervention and reduce its resultant adverse consequences.AIM To analyze the risk factors for PTB to establish a PTB risk prediction model and to assess postpartum anxiety and depression in mothers.METHODS A retrospective analysis of 648 consecutive parturients who delivered at Shenzhen Bao’an District Songgang People’s Hospital between January 2019 and January 2022 was performed.According to the diagnostic criteria for premature infants,the parturients were divided into a PTB group(n=60)and a full-term(FT)group(n=588).Puerperae were assessed by the Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self rating Depression Scale(SDS),based on which the mothers with anxiety and depression symptoms were screened for further analysis.The factors affecting PTB were analyzed by univariate analysis,and the related risk factors were identified by logistic regression.RESULTS According to univariate analysis,the PTB group was older than the FT group,with a smaller weight change and greater proportions of women who underwent artificial insemination and had gestational diabetes mellitus(P<0.05).In addition,greater proportions of women with reproductive tract infections and greater white blood cell(WBC)counts(P<0.05),shorter cervical lengths in the second trimester and lower neutrophil percentages(P<0.001)were detected in the PTB group than in the FT group.The PTB group exhibited higher postpartum SAS and SDS scores than did the FT group(P<0.0001),with a higher number of mothers experiencing anxiety and depression(P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a greater maternal weight change,the presence of gestational diabetes mellitus,a shorter cervical length in the second trimester,a greater WBC count,and the presence of maternal anxiety and depression were risk factors for PTB(P<0.01).Moreover,the risk score of the FT group was lower than that of the PTB group,and the area under the curve of the risk score for predicting PTB was greater than 0.9.CONCLUSION This study highlights the complex interplay between postpartum anxiety and PTB,where maternal anxiety may be a potential risk factor for PTB,with PTB potentially increasing the incidence of postpartum anxiety in mothers.In addition,a greater maternal weight change,the presence of gestational diabetes mellitus,a shorter cervical length,a greater WBC count,and postpartum anxiety and depression were identified as risk factors for PTB.展开更多
BACKGROUND The continuous development of social and economic progress and ongoing enhancement of infrastructure construction has led to drastic changes in the occurrence of trauma.AIM To analyze the epidemiological ch...BACKGROUND The continuous development of social and economic progress and ongoing enhancement of infrastructure construction has led to drastic changes in the occurrence of trauma.AIM To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of trauma in Lanzhou City to provide theoretical references for improving quality of trauma care.METHODS A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 16585 trauma patients treated at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University Trauma Center from November 1,2021 to October 31,2023 was conducted.Data including age,sex,time of trauma,cause of trauma,and major injured body parts were statistically analyzed.RESULTS A total of 18235 patients were admitted,with complete data for 16585 cases.Of these,9793 were male and 6792 were female(male-to-female ratio of 1.44:1).The peak times for trauma occurrence were 10 AM-12 PM and 6-10 PM,and the peak months were from May to October.The leading causes of trauma were falls(45.32%),other trauma(15.88%),road traffic accidents(15.15%),violence(10.82%),cutting/stabbing(9.41%),mechanical injuries(2.65%),winter sports injuries(0.36%),animal bites(0.22%),burns(0.09%),and electrical injuries(0.02%).The distribution of majorly injured body parts showed statistical significance,with limbs/skin being the most affected followed by the head/neck,chest/abdomen,and back.CONCLUSION Medical institutions and government agencies can implement preventive measures and policies based on the characteristics of trauma determined in this study to enhance the quality and level of trauma care.展开更多
Objective To analyze the clinical and laboratory features of patients with mild and severe HFMD to identify early predictive or diagnostic markers for severe cases. Methods Samples of feces, nasopharyngeal-swab specim...Objective To analyze the clinical and laboratory features of patients with mild and severe HFMD to identify early predictive or diagnostic markers for severe cases. Methods Samples of feces, nasopharyngeal-swab specimens, peripheral blood, serum and cerebral spinal fluid were collected. Postmortem pathological examination was conducted on 2 dead patients with complication due to neurogenic pulmonary edema. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain-reaction(RT-PCR), culture and isolation of enterovirus 71(EV71) were performed to detect EV71 infection. Both univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were used to identify factors associated with severe cases. Results EV71 was mainly responsible for HFMD. In this study, 5 isolated EV71 strains belonged to C4 gene subtype. Compared with mild patients, EV71-RNA detection rate was higher and Cox A16 detection rate was lower among severe patients(P < 0.01). Inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung, cardiac and liver tissues were mild by postmortem pathological examination. It was found that body temperature, vomitting, limb tremor, neutrophil, blood glucose and EV71 infection were significantly related to the severe cases by univariate logistic analysis. However, after multivariate logistic regression analysis, only vomiting(OR 16.1, CI 2.3-110.5, P < 0.01) and limb tremor(OR 117.6, CI 13.8-1004.5, P < 0.01) were significantly and independently correlated with the severe cases.Conclusions EV71 was mainly responsible for HFMD, particularly for severe cases. Vomiting and limb tremor were predictive markers for severe cases.展开更多
Most hematological cancer-related relapses and deaths are caused by metastasis;thus,the importance of this process as a target of therapy should be considered.Hematological cancer is a type of cancer in which metaboli...Most hematological cancer-related relapses and deaths are caused by metastasis;thus,the importance of this process as a target of therapy should be considered.Hematological cancer is a type of cancer in which metabolism plays an essential role in progression.Therefore,we are required to block fundamental metastatic processes and develop specific preclinical and clinical strategies against those biomarkers involved in the metabolic regulation of hematological cancer cells,which do not rely on primary tumor responses.To understand progress in this field,we provide a summary of recent developments in the understanding of metabolism in hematological cancer and a general understanding of biomarkers currently used and under investigation for clinical and preclinical applications involving drug development.The signaling pathways involved in cancer cell metabolism are highlighted and shed light on how we could identify novel biomarkers involved in cancer development and treatment.This review provides new insights into biomolecular carriers that could be targeted as anticancer biomarkers.展开更多
To perform a systemic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of PET（CT） and metaiodobenzylguanidine（MIBG） for diagnosing neuroblastoma（NB）, electronic databases were searched as well as relevant ref...To perform a systemic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of PET（CT） and metaiodobenzylguanidine（MIBG） for diagnosing neuroblastoma（NB）, electronic databases were searched as well as relevant references and conference proceedings. The diagnostic accuracy of MIBG and PET（CT） was calculated for NB, primary NB, and relapse/metastasis of NB based on their sensitivity, specificity, and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve（AUSROC） in terms of per-lesion and per-patient data. A total of 40 eligible studies comprising 1134 patients with 939 NB lesions were considered for the meta-analysis. For the staging of NB, the per-lesion AUSROC value of MIBG was lower than that of PET（CT） [0.8064±0.0414 vs. 0.9366±0.0166（P〈0.05）]. The per-patient AUSROC value of MIBG and PET（CT） for the diagnosis of NB was 0.8771±0.0230 and 0.6851±0.2111, respectively. The summary sensitivity for MIBG and PET（CT） was 0.79 and 0.89, respectively. The summary specificity for MIBG and PET（CT） was 0.84 and 0.71, respectively. PET（CT） showed higher per-lesion accuracy than MIBG and might be the preferred modality for the staging of NB. On the other hand, MIBG has a comparable diagnosing performance with PET（CT） in per-patient analysis but shows a better specificity.展开更多
Olfaction,the sense of smell,is a fundamental trait crucial to many species.The olfactory bulb(OB)plays pivotal roles in processing and transmitting odor information from the environment to the brain.The cellular hete...Olfaction,the sense of smell,is a fundamental trait crucial to many species.The olfactory bulb(OB)plays pivotal roles in processing and transmitting odor information from the environment to the brain.The cellular heterogeneity of the mouse OB has been studied using single-cell RNA sequencing.However,the epigenetic landscape of the m OB remains mostly unexplored.Herein,we apply single-cell assay for transposaseaccessible chromatin sequencing to profile the genome-wide chromatin accessibility of 9,549 single cells from the m OB.Based on single-cell epigenetic signatures,m OB cells are classified into 21 clusters corresponding to 11 cell types.We identify distinct sets of putative regulatory elements specific to each cell cluster from which putative target genes and enriched potential functions are inferred.In addition,the transcription factor motifs enriched in each cell cluster are determined to indicate the developmental fate of each cell lineage.Our study provides a valuable epigenetic data set for the m OB at single-cell resolution,and the results can enhance our understanding of regulatory circuits and the therapeutic capacity of the OB at the single-cell level.展开更多
基金This study was funded by the Guangdong High-level Hospital Construction Fund and Shenzhen Fund for Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialties(SZXK035).
文摘The aim of this study was to investigate the trend in testicular volume changes after orchiopexy in children with cryptorchidism.The clinical data of 854 children with cryptorchidism who underwent orchiopexy between January 2013 and December 2016 in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital(Shenzhen,China)were retrospectively analyzed.The mean(standard deviation)age of the patients was 2.8(2.5)years,and the duration of follow-up ranged from 1 year to 5 years.Ultrasonography was conducted preoperatively and postoperatively.The variables analyzed included age at the time of surgery,type of surgical procedure,laterality,preoperative testicular position,preoperative and postoperative testicular volumes,and the testicular volume ratio of them.The average testicular volumes preoperatively and at 1 year,2 years,3 years,and 5 years postoperatively were 0.27 ml,0.38 ml,0.53 ml,0.87 ml,and 1.00 ml,respectively(P<0.001).The corresponding testicular volume ratios were 0.67,0.76,0.80,0.83,and 0.84(P<0.001).The mean volume of the undescended testes was significantly smaller than the mean normative value(P<0.001,lower than the 10th percentile).The postoperative testicular volumes in children with cryptorchidism were generally lower than those in healthy boys but were still greater than the 10th percentile and exhibited an increasing trend.The older the child is at the time of surgery,the larger the gap in volume between the affected and normal testes.Although testicular volume tends to gradually increase after orchiopexy for cryptorchidism,it could not normalizes.Earlier surgery results in affected testicular volumes closer to those of healthy boys.
基金Supported by Shenzhen Fund for Guangdong Provincial High-Level Clinical Key Specialties,No.SZGSP012Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund,No.SZXK032。
文摘BACKGROUND Cryptococcus is a systemic opportunistic pathogenic fungus that can cause infections in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts,with diverse clinical manifestations,ranging from asymptomatic pulmonary lesions to disseminated central nervous system infections.The incidence of pulmonary cryptococcosis(PC)has rapidly increased in recent years,with an increasing proportion of non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected and immunocompetent patients making its diagnosis challenging.If not properly recognized,PC can lead to systemic dissemination and high mortality rates.Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the prognosis.This study summarizes the clinical features of three immunocompetent children with PC who presented with chest pain to raise clinicians'awareness of the disease and reduce mortality.CASE SUMMARY Three male pediatric patients in good health were hospitalized because of chest pain without cough or fever.Chest computed tomography(CT)revealed pleuralbased nodules and consolidation with cavitation.A lung biopsy was performed in one case,and Cryptococcus was cultured from the pathological tissues.Cryptococcus was detected in the alveolar lavage fluid,and serum Cryptococcus capsular(C.capsular)polysaccharide antigen was positive in one case,and the other case was positive for serum C.capsular polysaccharide.All patients received oral fluconazole treatment.Follow-up chest CT scans after six months showed significant resolution of the lesions.CONCLUSION PC can also occur in immunocompetent children.When encountering children with chest pain only in the clinic,one should be vigilant about PC,promptly complete the relevant examinations,and avoid misdiagnosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32100773 and U20A6005)the National Science and Technology Innovation 2030-Major Project of China(2021ZD0202500)+4 种基金Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(B2402024)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M693296)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20230807093815032)Guangdong High-level Hospital Construction Fund(ynkt2021-zz33 and LCYJ2022093)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2022A1515010297).
文摘Dear Editor,The Cay2.1 channel,also known as the P/Q-type Ca^(2+) channel,is a particular type of voltage-gated Ca^(2+) channel primarily expressed on the presynaptic membrane in the brain[1].It serves as an essential part of the precisely orchestrated neurotransmitter release machinery.
基金supported by the Program for Science Technology and Innovation Committee of Shenzhen(2021N062-JCYJ20210324115408023)Guangdong High-Level Hospital Construction Fund,Shenzhen High-Level Hospital Construction Fund。
文摘Lipocalin-2(LCN2)is a member of the lipocalin superfamily with multiple functions and can participate in the transport of a variety of small lipophilic ligands in vivo.LCN2 is significantly expressed in various tumors and plays an important role in regulating tumor cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis.The specific actions of LCN2 in tumors may vary depending on the particular type of cancer involved.In this review,we provide an extensive overview of the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of LCN2 in health and disease.Furthermore,we summarize the impact of LCN2 dysregulation in a broad range of tumors.Lastly,we examine the mechanisms of action of LCN2 during tumorigenesis,progression,and metastasis.Understanding the complex relationships between LCN2 and tumor development,progression,and metastasis is vital for advancing our knowledge of cancer biology,developing biomarkers for diagnosis and clinical decision-making,and creating therapeutic strategies to improve the management of patients with cancer.
基金Supported by the Innovation Fund of Science and Technology Commission of Shenzhen Municipality,China,No.JCYJ-2015-0403100317071
文摘AIM To investigate whether patients with refractory epilepsy and healthy infants differ in gut microbiota(GM),and how ketogenic diet(KD)alters GM.METHODS A total of 14 epileptic and 30 healthy infants were recruited and seizure frequencies were recorded.Stool samples were collected for 16 S r DNA sequencing using the Illumina Miseq platform.The composition of GM in each sample was analyzed with MOTHUR,and intergroup comparison was conducted by R software.RESULTS After being on KD treatment for a week,64%of epileptic infants showed an obvious improvement,with a 50%decrease in seizure frequency.GM structure in epileptic infants(P1 group)differed dramatically from that in healthy infants(Health group).Proteobacteria,which had accumulated significantly in the P1 group,decreased dramatically after KD treatment(P2 group).Cronobacter predominated in the P1 group and remained at a low level both in the Health and P2 groups.Bacteroides increased significantly in the P2 group,in which Prevotella and Bifidobacterium also grew in numbers and kept increasing.CONCLUSION GM pattern in healthy infants differed dramatically from that of the epileptic group.KD could significantly modify symptoms of epilepsy and reshape the GM of epileptic infants.
基金Supported by Outstanding Doctoral Thesis Support Project of Guangdong Province,No.85514045the Technical Research and Development Project of Shenzhen,No.JCYJ20130402092657774the Medical Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.B2013347
文摘AIM: To determine the therapeutic efficacy of resveratrol on ulcerative colitis (UC) and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS: The mouse UC model was developed using 5% dextran sulfate sodium. Mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal control, UC model group, resveratrol low-dose group (RLD; 50 mg/kg per day), and resveratrol high-dose group (RHD; 100 mg/kg per day). RESULTS: The results showed that RLD regulates Treg/Th17 balance mainly through reducing the number of Th17 cells, whereas RHD regulates Treg/Th17 balance through both downregulating the number of Th17 cells and upregulating the number of Treg cells. Resveratrol can also regulate the level of plasma and intestinal mucosal cytokines including interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor-beta 1, IL-6, and IL-17. The expressions of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1 alpha, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 were significantly decreased in the intestinal tissues of mice treated with resveratrol. CONCLUSION: The therapeutic efficacy of resveratrol in UC is dose dependent and closely associated with the regulation of Treg/Th17 balance and the HIF-1 alpha/mTOR signaling pathway.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81800489Shenzhen Health and Family Planning System Research Project,No.SZXJ2017030Technical Research and Development Project of Shenzhen,Nos.JCYJ20170307100538697 and JCYJ20170307100911479
文摘BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic non-organic disease of the digestive system. Berberine (BBR) has been used to treat patients with IBS, but the underlying therapeutic mechanism is little understood. We believe that BBR achieves its therapeutic effect on IBS by preventing stress intestinal inflammation and visceral hypersensitivity and reducing bowel motility. AIM To test the hypothesis that BBR achieves its therapeutic effect on IBS by preventing subclinical inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and reducing visceral hypersensitivity and intestinal motility. METHODS IBS was induced in rats via water avoidance stress (WAS). qRT-PCR and histological analyses were used to evaluate the levels of cytokines and mucosal inflammation, respectively. Modified ELISA and qRT-PCR were used to evaluate the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signal transduction pathway. Colorectal distention test, gastrointestinal transit measurement, Western blot, and qRT-PCR were used to analyze visceral sensitivity, intestinal motility, the expression of Ckit (marker of Cajal mesenchymal cells), and the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor TrkB.RESULTS WAS led to mucosal inflammation, visceral hyperalgesia, and high intestinal motility. Oral administration of BBR inhibited the NF-κB signal transduction pathway, reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)- 1β, IL-6, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α], promoted the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β), and improved the terminal ileum tissue inflammation. BBR inhibited the expression of BDNF, TrkB, and C-kit in IBS rats, leading to the reduction of intestinal motility and visceral hypersensitivity. The therapeutic effect of BBR at a high dose (100 mg/kg) was superior to than that of the low-dose (25 mg/kg) group. CONCLUSION BBR reduces intestinal mucosal inflammation by inhibiting the intestinal NF-κB signal pathway in the IBS rats. BBR reduces the expression of BDNF, its receptor TrkB, and C-kit. BBR also reduces intestinal motility and visceral sensitivity to achieve its therapeutic effect on IBS.
基金Supported by the Shenzhen Innovation and Technology Committee,No.JCYJ20180228175150018the Guangdong Medical Research Foundation(CN),No.A2018550
文摘BACKGROUND Endoscopic balloon dilatation (EBD) has become the first line of therapy for benign esophageal strictures (ESs);however,there are few publications about the predictive factors for the outcomes of this treatment.AIM To assess the predictive factors for the outcomes of EBD treatment for strictures after esophageal atresia (EA) repair.METHODS Children with anastomotic ES after thoracoscopic esophageal atresia repair treated by EBD from January 2012 to December 2016 were included.All procedures were performed under tracheal intubation and intravenous anesthesia using a three-grade controlled radial expansion balloon with gastroscopy.Outcomes were recorded and predictors of the outcomes were analyzed.RESULTS A total of 64 patients were included in this analysis.The rates of response,complications,and recurrence were 96.77%,8.06%,and 2.33%,respectively.The number of dilatation sessions and complications were significantly higher in patients with a smaller stricture diameter (P=0.013 and 0.023,respectively) and with more than one stricture (P=0.014 and 0.004,respectively).The length of the stricture was significantly associated with complications of EBD (P=0.001).A longer interval between surgery and the first dilatation was related to more sessions and a poorer response (P=0.017 and 0.024,respectively).CONCLUSION The diameter,length,and number of strictures are the most important predictive factors for the clinical outcomes of endoscopic balloon dilatation in pediatric ES.The interval between surgery and the first EBD is another factor affectingresponse and the number of sessions of dilatation.
基金supported by Science and Technology Project from the Science Technology and Innovation Committee of Shenzhen Municipality(JCYJ20170817170110940 and JCJY20170307163529489)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2018JY0392 and 2018GZYZF0008)+1 种基金Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(SZSM201512033)Shenzhen Public Service Platform of Molecular Medicine in Pediatric Hematology and Oncology。
文摘Tumor cells show acidic conditions compared with normal cells,which further inspires scientist to build nanocarrier responsive to tumor microenvironment(TME)for enhancing tumor therapeutic efficacy.Here,we report a pH-sensitive and biocompatible polyprodrug based on dextran-doxorubicin(DOX)prodrug(DOXDT)for enhanced chemotherapy.Highdensity DOX component was covalently decorated on the nanocarrier and the drug molecules could be effectively released in the acidic tumor tissue/cells,improving chemotherapy efficacy.Specifically,a dextran-based copolymer was preliminarily prepared by one-step atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP);then DOX was conjugated on the copolymer component via pH-responsive hydrazone bond.The structure of DOXDT can be well-controlled.The resulting DOXDT was able to further self-assemble into nanoscale micelles with a hydration diameter of about 32.4 nm,which presented excellent micellar stability.Compared to lipid-based drug delivery system,the DOXDT prodrug showed higher drug load capacity up to 23.6%.In addition,excellent stability and smaller size of the nanocarrier contributed to better tissue permeability and tumor suppressive effects in vivo.Hence,this amphipathic DOXDT prodrug is promising in the development of translational DOX formulations,which would be widely applied in cancer therapy.
基金the Guangdong Medical Research Foundation,No.A2018550
文摘Steroid 5β-reductase [aldo-keto reductase family 1 member D1(AKR1D1)] is essential for bile acid biosynthesis. Bile acid deficiency caused by genetic defects in AKR1D1 leads to life-threatening neonatal hepatitis and cholestasis. There is still limited experience regarding the treatment of this disease. We describe an infant who presented with hyperbilirubinemia and coagulopathy but normal bile acid and γ-glutamyltransferase. Gene analysis was performed using genomic DNA from peripheral lymphocytes from the patient, his parents, and his elder brother. The patient was compound heterozygous for c.919C>T in exon 8 and exhibited a loss of heterozygosity of the AKR1D1 gene, which led to an amino acid substitution of arginine by cysteine at amino acid position 307(p.R307C). Based on these mutations, the patient was confirmed to have primary 5β-reductase deficiency. Ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) treatment did not have any effect on the patient. However, when we changed to chenodeoxycholic acid(CDCA) treatment, his symptoms and laboratory tests gradually improved. It is therefore crucial to supplement with an adequate dose of CDCA early to improve clinical symptoms and to normalize laboratory tests.
基金Supported by the Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen,No.SZSM201812005。
文摘BACKGROUND Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency(OTCD)is an X-linked inherited disorder and characterized by marked elevation of blood ammonia.The goal of treatment is to minimize the neurological damage caused by hyperammonemia.OTCD can be cured by liver transplantation(LT).Post-transplant patients can discontinue anti-hyperammonemia agents and consume a regular diet without the risk of developing hyperammonemia.The neurological damage caused by hyperammonemia is almost irreversible.CASE SUMMARY An 11.7-year-old boy presented with headache,vomiting,and altered consciousness.The patient was diagnosed with late-onset OTCD.After nitrogen scavenging treatment and a protein-free diet,ammonia levels were reduced to normal on the third day of admission.Nevertheless,the patient remained in a moderate coma.After discussion,LT was performed.Following LT,the patient’s blood ammonia and biochemical indicators stabilized in the normal range,he regained consciousness,and his nervous system function significantly recovered.Two months after LT,blood amino acids and urine organic acids were normal,and brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a decrease in subcortical lesions.CONCLUSION LT can significantly improve partial neurological impairment caused by late-onset OTCD hyperammonemic encephalopathy,and LT can be actively considered when early drug therapy is ineffective.
基金support from the Innovation Team Project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province(No.2018KCXTD026)Guangdong Scientific and Technological Project(2019B1515120043,2020A151501612,2021A1515220109,2022B1515020093)+1 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen(Grant No.KCXFZ20201221173413038)Longhua District Science and Innovation Commission Project Grants of Shenzhen(JCYJ201904).
文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a highly contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).The gold standard method for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 depends on quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction till now,which is time-consuming and requires expensive instrumentation,and the confirmation of variants relies on further sequencing techniques.Herein,we first proposed a robust technique-methodology of electrochemical CRISPR sensing with the advantages of rapid,highly sensitivity and specificity for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 variant.To enhance the sensing capability,gold electrodes are uniformly decorated with electro-deposited gold nanoparticles.Using DNA template identical to SARS-CoV-2 Delta spike gene sequence as model,our biosensor exhibits excellent analytical detection limit(50 fM)and high linearity(R2=0.987)over six orders of magnitude dynamic range from 100 fM to 10 nM without any nucleic-acid-amplification assays.The detection can be completed within 1 h with high stability and specificity which benefits from the CRISPR-Cas system.Furthermore,based on the wireless micro-electrochemical platform,the proposed biosensor reveals promising application ability in point-of-care testing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22076197,21707149 and 82127801)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.YJKYYQ20200034)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Research Funding (Nos.JCYJ20210324115811031 and JCYJ20200109115405930)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No.2020B1515120080)。
文摘Lipid metabolism play an essential role in occurrence and development of asthma,and it can be disturbed by phthalate esters(PAEs)and organophosphate fame retardants(OPFRs).As a chronic infammatory respiratory disease,the occurrence risk of childhood asthma is increased by PAEs and OPFRs exposure,but it remains not entirely clear how PAEs and OPFRs contribute the onset and progress of the disease.We have profiled the serum levels of PAEs and OPFRs congeners by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry,and its relationships with the dysregulation of lipid metabolism in asthmatic,bronchitic(acute infammation)and healthy(non-infammation)children.Eight PAEs and nine OPFRs congeners were found in the serum of children(1–5 years old)from Shenzhen,and their total median levels were 615.16 ng/m L and 17.06 ng/m L,respectively.Moreover,the serum levels of mono-methyl phthalate(MMP),tri-propyl phosphate(TPP)and tri-n-butyl phosphate(TNBP)were significant higher in asthmatic children than in healthy and bronchitic children as control.Thirty-one characteristic lipids and fatty acids of asthma were screened by machine-learning random forest model based on serum lipidome data,and the alterations of infammatory characteristic lipids and fatty acids including palmitic acids,12,13-Di HODE,14,21-Di HDHA,prostaglandin D2 and Lyso PA(18:2)showed significant correlated with high serum levels of MMP,TPP and TNBP.These results imply PAEs and OPFRs promote the occurrence of childhood asthma via disrupting infammatory lipid and fatty acid metabolism,and provide a novel sight for better understanding the effects of plastic additives on childhood asthma.
文摘BACKGROUND Nontraumatic myositis ossificans is a rare disease whose specific pathogenesis is unclear.Early diagnosis of this disease is very difficult in children because of difficulties in determining medical history and nonspecific early clinical manifestations,which may lead to the failure of timely and effective diagnosis and treatment in some patients.We report the diagnosis and treatment of a child with nontraumatic myositis ossificans and summarize the clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment of the disease.CASE SUMMARY An 8-year-old girl first came to our hospital for more than a week with pain in the right lower limb.There was no history of trauma or strenuous activities.On physical examination,no mass on the right thigh was found,and the movement of the right lower extremity was limited.Ultrasonography showed synovitis of the hip,and bed rest was recommended.Three days later,the child’s pain persisted and worsened,accompanied by fever and other discomforts.She came to our hospital again and a mass was found on the right thigh with redness and swelling on the surface.The images showed a soft tissue tumor on the right thigh with calcification.Routine blood tests revealed that the inflammation index was significantly increased.In case of infection,the patient was given antibiotics,and the pain was relieved soon after,without fever.However,the right thigh mass persisted and hardened.The patient underwent incision biopsy more than 1 mo later,and the postoperative pathology showed nontraumatic myositis ossificans.After approximately 9 mo of observation,the tumor still persisted,which affected the life of the child,and then resection was performed.Since follow-up,there has been no recurrence.CONCLUSION Due to the difficulty in discerning a child’s medical history and the diverse early manifestations,it is difficult to diagnose nonossifying muscle disease in children in its early stage.Measures such as timely follow-up and periodic image monitoring are conducive to early diagnosis of the disease.The disease has a certain degree of self-limitation,and it can be observed and treated first.If the tumor persists in the later stage or affects functioning,then surgery is considered.
基金Supported by Shenzhen Baoan District Medical and Health Research Project,No.2023JD214.
文摘BACKGROUND Although the specific pathogenesis of preterm birth(PTB)has not been thoroughly clarified,it is known to be related to various factors,such as pregnancy complications,maternal socioeconomic factors,lifestyle habits,reproductive history,environmental and psychological factors,prenatal care,and nutritional status.PTB has serious implications for newborns and families and is associated with high mortality and complications.Therefore,the prediction of PTB risk can facilitate early intervention and reduce its resultant adverse consequences.AIM To analyze the risk factors for PTB to establish a PTB risk prediction model and to assess postpartum anxiety and depression in mothers.METHODS A retrospective analysis of 648 consecutive parturients who delivered at Shenzhen Bao’an District Songgang People’s Hospital between January 2019 and January 2022 was performed.According to the diagnostic criteria for premature infants,the parturients were divided into a PTB group(n=60)and a full-term(FT)group(n=588).Puerperae were assessed by the Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self rating Depression Scale(SDS),based on which the mothers with anxiety and depression symptoms were screened for further analysis.The factors affecting PTB were analyzed by univariate analysis,and the related risk factors were identified by logistic regression.RESULTS According to univariate analysis,the PTB group was older than the FT group,with a smaller weight change and greater proportions of women who underwent artificial insemination and had gestational diabetes mellitus(P<0.05).In addition,greater proportions of women with reproductive tract infections and greater white blood cell(WBC)counts(P<0.05),shorter cervical lengths in the second trimester and lower neutrophil percentages(P<0.001)were detected in the PTB group than in the FT group.The PTB group exhibited higher postpartum SAS and SDS scores than did the FT group(P<0.0001),with a higher number of mothers experiencing anxiety and depression(P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a greater maternal weight change,the presence of gestational diabetes mellitus,a shorter cervical length in the second trimester,a greater WBC count,and the presence of maternal anxiety and depression were risk factors for PTB(P<0.01).Moreover,the risk score of the FT group was lower than that of the PTB group,and the area under the curve of the risk score for predicting PTB was greater than 0.9.CONCLUSION This study highlights the complex interplay between postpartum anxiety and PTB,where maternal anxiety may be a potential risk factor for PTB,with PTB potentially increasing the incidence of postpartum anxiety in mothers.In addition,a greater maternal weight change,the presence of gestational diabetes mellitus,a shorter cervical length,a greater WBC count,and postpartum anxiety and depression were identified as risk factors for PTB.
基金Supported by Ministry of Science and Technology Senior Foreign Expert Program,No.G2019028023 and No.G2020028007National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Program,No.202210730172+1 种基金Medical Innovation and Development Project of Lanzhou University,No.lzuyxcx-2022-99Joint Research Fund Project of Gansu Province,No.23JRRA1496.
文摘BACKGROUND The continuous development of social and economic progress and ongoing enhancement of infrastructure construction has led to drastic changes in the occurrence of trauma.AIM To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of trauma in Lanzhou City to provide theoretical references for improving quality of trauma care.METHODS A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 16585 trauma patients treated at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University Trauma Center from November 1,2021 to October 31,2023 was conducted.Data including age,sex,time of trauma,cause of trauma,and major injured body parts were statistically analyzed.RESULTS A total of 18235 patients were admitted,with complete data for 16585 cases.Of these,9793 were male and 6792 were female(male-to-female ratio of 1.44:1).The peak times for trauma occurrence were 10 AM-12 PM and 6-10 PM,and the peak months were from May to October.The leading causes of trauma were falls(45.32%),other trauma(15.88%),road traffic accidents(15.15%),violence(10.82%),cutting/stabbing(9.41%),mechanical injuries(2.65%),winter sports injuries(0.36%),animal bites(0.22%),burns(0.09%),and electrical injuries(0.02%).The distribution of majorly injured body parts showed statistical significance,with limbs/skin being the most affected followed by the head/neck,chest/abdomen,and back.CONCLUSION Medical institutions and government agencies can implement preventive measures and policies based on the characteristics of trauma determined in this study to enhance the quality and level of trauma care.
基金supported by a 2009 National Natural Sciences of Foundation of The People’s Republic of China (NSFC 30972603)
文摘Objective To analyze the clinical and laboratory features of patients with mild and severe HFMD to identify early predictive or diagnostic markers for severe cases. Methods Samples of feces, nasopharyngeal-swab specimens, peripheral blood, serum and cerebral spinal fluid were collected. Postmortem pathological examination was conducted on 2 dead patients with complication due to neurogenic pulmonary edema. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain-reaction(RT-PCR), culture and isolation of enterovirus 71(EV71) were performed to detect EV71 infection. Both univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were used to identify factors associated with severe cases. Results EV71 was mainly responsible for HFMD. In this study, 5 isolated EV71 strains belonged to C4 gene subtype. Compared with mild patients, EV71-RNA detection rate was higher and Cox A16 detection rate was lower among severe patients(P < 0.01). Inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung, cardiac and liver tissues were mild by postmortem pathological examination. It was found that body temperature, vomitting, limb tremor, neutrophil, blood glucose and EV71 infection were significantly related to the severe cases by univariate logistic analysis. However, after multivariate logistic regression analysis, only vomiting(OR 16.1, CI 2.3-110.5, P < 0.01) and limb tremor(OR 117.6, CI 13.8-1004.5, P < 0.01) were significantly and independently correlated with the severe cases.Conclusions EV71 was mainly responsible for HFMD, particularly for severe cases. Vomiting and limb tremor were predictive markers for severe cases.
基金Supported by Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen,No. SZSM201512033Shenzhen Fund for Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialties,No. SZGSP012+1 种基金Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund,No. SZXK034Shenzhen Healthcare Research Project,No. SZLY2018015
文摘Most hematological cancer-related relapses and deaths are caused by metastasis;thus,the importance of this process as a target of therapy should be considered.Hematological cancer is a type of cancer in which metabolism plays an essential role in progression.Therefore,we are required to block fundamental metastatic processes and develop specific preclinical and clinical strategies against those biomarkers involved in the metabolic regulation of hematological cancer cells,which do not rely on primary tumor responses.To understand progress in this field,we provide a summary of recent developments in the understanding of metabolism in hematological cancer and a general understanding of biomarkers currently used and under investigation for clinical and preclinical applications involving drug development.The signaling pathways involved in cancer cell metabolism are highlighted and shed light on how we could identify novel biomarkers involved in cancer development and treatment.This review provides new insights into biomolecular carriers that could be targeted as anticancer biomarkers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81472706)
文摘To perform a systemic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of PET（CT） and metaiodobenzylguanidine（MIBG） for diagnosing neuroblastoma（NB）, electronic databases were searched as well as relevant references and conference proceedings. The diagnostic accuracy of MIBG and PET（CT） was calculated for NB, primary NB, and relapse/metastasis of NB based on their sensitivity, specificity, and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve（AUSROC） in terms of per-lesion and per-patient data. A total of 40 eligible studies comprising 1134 patients with 939 NB lesions were considered for the meta-analysis. For the staging of NB, the per-lesion AUSROC value of MIBG was lower than that of PET（CT） [0.8064±0.0414 vs. 0.9366±0.0166（P〈0.05）]. The per-patient AUSROC value of MIBG and PET（CT） for the diagnosis of NB was 0.8771±0.0230 and 0.6851±0.2111, respectively. The summary sensitivity for MIBG and PET（CT） was 0.79 and 0.89, respectively. The summary specificity for MIBG and PET（CT） was 0.84 and 0.71, respectively. PET（CT） showed higher per-lesion accuracy than MIBG and might be the preferred modality for the staging of NB. On the other hand, MIBG has a comparable diagnosing performance with PET（CT） in per-patient analysis but shows a better specificity.
基金supported by Shenzhen Sanming Engineering Project(SZSM202011012)Shenzhen Innovation Science and Technology Committee(JCYJ20180228175358223)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31670742)。
文摘Olfaction,the sense of smell,is a fundamental trait crucial to many species.The olfactory bulb(OB)plays pivotal roles in processing and transmitting odor information from the environment to the brain.The cellular heterogeneity of the mouse OB has been studied using single-cell RNA sequencing.However,the epigenetic landscape of the m OB remains mostly unexplored.Herein,we apply single-cell assay for transposaseaccessible chromatin sequencing to profile the genome-wide chromatin accessibility of 9,549 single cells from the m OB.Based on single-cell epigenetic signatures,m OB cells are classified into 21 clusters corresponding to 11 cell types.We identify distinct sets of putative regulatory elements specific to each cell cluster from which putative target genes and enriched potential functions are inferred.In addition,the transcription factor motifs enriched in each cell cluster are determined to indicate the developmental fate of each cell lineage.Our study provides a valuable epigenetic data set for the m OB at single-cell resolution,and the results can enhance our understanding of regulatory circuits and the therapeutic capacity of the OB at the single-cell level.
