Under the national"Dual Carbon"strategy,the development and utilization of stable and efficient renewable energy has become pivotal for energy structure transformation.Shandong Province hosts abundant geothe...Under the national"Dual Carbon"strategy,the development and utilization of stable and efficient renewable energy has become pivotal for energy structure transformation.Shandong Province hosts abundant geothermal resources with significant potential for large-scale exploitation.This paper systematically reviews the technological framework and application prospects of geothermal energy development in Shandong.First,the geological model of the geothermal system,centered on the"source-reservoir-caprock-conduit"framework,is elucidated.The characteristics of major thermal reservoirs,including the Neogene Guantao Formation,Paleogene Dongying Formation,and Cambrian-Ordovician strata,are analyzed in the context of Shandong’s geologic setting.Subsequently,advanced geophysical exploration methodologies—such as Magnetotelluric(MT),Controlled-Source Audio-Frequency Magnetotellurics(CSAMT),and Wide-Field Electromagnetic Method(WFEM)—are highlighted for their critical roles in precisely delineating thermal reservoirs and identifying heat-controlling structures,significantly improving exploration efficiency.In terms of utilization,this study examines diversified application models guided by the"cascade utilization"principle,emphasizing high-efficiency geothermal heating technologies(e.g.,geothermal heat pump systems)and power generation technologies(dry steam,fl ash steam,and binary cycle systems)tailored to resources of varying temperatures.The review demonstrates that technological innovations and mature application frameworks are driving the geothermal industry in Shandong toward high-quality development,providing robust support for regional energy security and low-carbon transition.展开更多
A steel-concrete composite cable-stayed bridge features integrated steel girders and concrete decks linked by shear connectors to support loads,but stress concentration in wet joints can lead to cracking.In-situ tests...A steel-concrete composite cable-stayed bridge features integrated steel girders and concrete decks linked by shear connectors to support loads,but stress concentration in wet joints can lead to cracking.In-situ tests were conducted on key sections of steel-concrete composite cable-stayed bridges to analyze the stress-strain evolution of wet joints under environmental factors,constraints,and complex construction processes.The coordinated working performance of the bridge decks was also analyzed.The results indicate that temperature is the key factor affecting the stresses and strains in wet joint concrete.Approximately 7 days after casting the wet joint concrete,the strains at each measurement point of the wet joint are approximately negatively correlated with the temperature change at the measurement point.Different locations within the wet joints have respective impacts,presenting potential weak points.Construction conditions have a certain impact on the stress and strain of the wet joint.The top deck of the steel box girder is not fully bonded to the bottom surface of the wet joints,resulting in a certain strain difference after loading.To further analyze the cooperative working performance of steel box girders and concrete wet joint bridge deck systems,finite element analysis was conducted on composite girder structures.A stiffness calculation method for shear connectors based on numerical simulation was proposed.The results indicate that strain differences can cause interface slip in composite girders.This slip leads to increased deflection of the composite girders and increased tensile stress in the bottom plate of the steel box girders.This study clarifies the stress conditions and factors affecting wet joints during construction,preventing early cracking,and offers precise data for a full bridge finite element model.展开更多
With the development of highways,new technologies should be continuously introduced to improve highway traffic safety.Digital twin(DT)has been an emerging field of research in recent years.To develop a digital twin ma...With the development of highways,new technologies should be continuously introduced to improve highway traffic safety.Digital twin(DT)has been an emerging field of research in recent years.To develop a digital twin management system,a data model is essential.In the field of highway operational risk management(HORM),however,the development of data models is still in its infancy.Motivated by the concept of linked data,in this paper,we attempt to propose an information model for HORM.The main achievements of this paper include data architecture,identification and classification code methods,data interaction method,and the developed system.Based on data needs analysis,the highway information model architecture for risk management is defined as five layers:basic highway products,traffic sensors and equipment,traffic rules,traffic flow,and weather.Furthermore,according to the concepts of semantic data,these five layers can be classified into three categories:highway product data,topology data,and sensor data.Although the Industry Foundation Classes(IFC)standard and Brick schema were first proposed and applied in the building domain,some of their entities and relationships can also be applied to highways.To this end,we defined some new classes,a specific ontology,and an integrated framework for HORM.Finally,a case study was carried out.Applying such information model to highways has broad potential.It changes the file-based exchange method to the data-based one,which can promote highway data exchange and applications.The proposed information model could be of great significance for HORM.展开更多
基金support from the foundation"Research on Key Technologies for Multi-source Energy Integration and Full-scenario Utilization of Zero-carbon Expressways under the Dual-Carbon Strategy"(NO.JS2024B004).
文摘Under the national"Dual Carbon"strategy,the development and utilization of stable and efficient renewable energy has become pivotal for energy structure transformation.Shandong Province hosts abundant geothermal resources with significant potential for large-scale exploitation.This paper systematically reviews the technological framework and application prospects of geothermal energy development in Shandong.First,the geological model of the geothermal system,centered on the"source-reservoir-caprock-conduit"framework,is elucidated.The characteristics of major thermal reservoirs,including the Neogene Guantao Formation,Paleogene Dongying Formation,and Cambrian-Ordovician strata,are analyzed in the context of Shandong’s geologic setting.Subsequently,advanced geophysical exploration methodologies—such as Magnetotelluric(MT),Controlled-Source Audio-Frequency Magnetotellurics(CSAMT),and Wide-Field Electromagnetic Method(WFEM)—are highlighted for their critical roles in precisely delineating thermal reservoirs and identifying heat-controlling structures,significantly improving exploration efficiency.In terms of utilization,this study examines diversified application models guided by the"cascade utilization"principle,emphasizing high-efficiency geothermal heating technologies(e.g.,geothermal heat pump systems)and power generation technologies(dry steam,fl ash steam,and binary cycle systems)tailored to resources of varying temperatures.The review demonstrates that technological innovations and mature application frameworks are driving the geothermal industry in Shandong toward high-quality development,providing robust support for regional energy security and low-carbon transition.
文摘A steel-concrete composite cable-stayed bridge features integrated steel girders and concrete decks linked by shear connectors to support loads,but stress concentration in wet joints can lead to cracking.In-situ tests were conducted on key sections of steel-concrete composite cable-stayed bridges to analyze the stress-strain evolution of wet joints under environmental factors,constraints,and complex construction processes.The coordinated working performance of the bridge decks was also analyzed.The results indicate that temperature is the key factor affecting the stresses and strains in wet joint concrete.Approximately 7 days after casting the wet joint concrete,the strains at each measurement point of the wet joint are approximately negatively correlated with the temperature change at the measurement point.Different locations within the wet joints have respective impacts,presenting potential weak points.Construction conditions have a certain impact on the stress and strain of the wet joint.The top deck of the steel box girder is not fully bonded to the bottom surface of the wet joints,resulting in a certain strain difference after loading.To further analyze the cooperative working performance of steel box girders and concrete wet joint bridge deck systems,finite element analysis was conducted on composite girder structures.A stiffness calculation method for shear connectors based on numerical simulation was proposed.The results indicate that strain differences can cause interface slip in composite girders.This slip leads to increased deflection of the composite girders and increased tensile stress in the bottom plate of the steel box girders.This study clarifies the stress conditions and factors affecting wet joints during construction,preventing early cracking,and offers precise data for a full bridge finite element model.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of Shandong Provincial Department of Transportation(grant no.2019B32)the Key Science and Technology Projects of the Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China(2019-ZD7-051).
文摘With the development of highways,new technologies should be continuously introduced to improve highway traffic safety.Digital twin(DT)has been an emerging field of research in recent years.To develop a digital twin management system,a data model is essential.In the field of highway operational risk management(HORM),however,the development of data models is still in its infancy.Motivated by the concept of linked data,in this paper,we attempt to propose an information model for HORM.The main achievements of this paper include data architecture,identification and classification code methods,data interaction method,and the developed system.Based on data needs analysis,the highway information model architecture for risk management is defined as five layers:basic highway products,traffic sensors and equipment,traffic rules,traffic flow,and weather.Furthermore,according to the concepts of semantic data,these five layers can be classified into three categories:highway product data,topology data,and sensor data.Although the Industry Foundation Classes(IFC)standard and Brick schema were first proposed and applied in the building domain,some of their entities and relationships can also be applied to highways.To this end,we defined some new classes,a specific ontology,and an integrated framework for HORM.Finally,a case study was carried out.Applying such information model to highways has broad potential.It changes the file-based exchange method to the data-based one,which can promote highway data exchange and applications.The proposed information model could be of great significance for HORM.
