Objective:To investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of action of Panax notoginseng(Burk)F.H.Chen(P.notoginseng,San Qi)flowers in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)using network pharmacology,in vivo experiments,a...Objective:To investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of action of Panax notoginseng(Burk)F.H.Chen(P.notoginseng,San Qi)flowers in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)using network pharmacology,in vivo experiments,and RNA sequencing(RNA-seq).Methods:Network pharmacology analysis was performed to identify and correlate the drug targets of flower buds of P.notoginseng(PNF)with T2DM disease targets and to predict the key targets and pathways involved in the therapeutic effects of PNF in T2DM.In vivo experiments were conducted to assess the effects of PNF on glucose and lipid metabolism in mice with T2DM.RNA-seq was performed,and the results were integrated with network pharmacology data to assess the therapeutic mechanisms of PNF in T2DM.The results from transcriptomics and network pharmacology were validated using real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results:A total of 27 intersecting targets were identified by overlapping 35 drug targets with T2DM targets.Further topological analysis using the Centiscape 2.2 tool revealed five core targets,including signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3).Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis indicated that the JAK/STAT signaling pathway is a key mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of PNF in T2DM.In vivo experiments confirmed that PNF effectively regulates glycolipid metabolism in a mouse model of diabetes.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of RNA-seq data highlighted the JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT pathway as a potential mechanism.PNF high-dose(PNFH)increased the gene expression levels of PIK3R1 and AKT2,decreased the expression of PCK1,JAK2,and STAT3,and showed a trend toward increasing INSR expression without reaching statistical significance.Conclusion:PNF improves glycolipid metabolism disorders in T2DM,potentially by modulating the JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effects of Wuhua herbal tea on chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)-induced depression and explore its mechanism of action in combating depression.Methods:We tested the antidepressant effe...Objective:To evaluate the effects of Wuhua herbal tea on chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)-induced depression and explore its mechanism of action in combating depression.Methods:We tested the antidepressant effects of Wuhua herbal tea in a rat model of CUMS-induced depression using fluoxetine as a positive control.The rats were divided into four groups:control group,model group,fluoxetine group,and Wuhua herbal tea group.The rats underwent body weight measurements,sucrose preference test,and open-field test.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to detect the serum levels of serotonin,dopamine,adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH),corticosterone,norepinephrine,and interleukin-6.Intergroup comparisons and detection of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),cAMP-response element binding protein(CREB),Janus kinase 2(JAK2),and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)mRNA expression in the hippocampus were performed using RTPCR.Immunohistochemistry was used to identify the expression of phosphorylated JAK2(p-JAK2)and phosphorylated STAT3(p-STAT3)proteins in hippocampal paraffin sections of CUMS rats.Results:Compared with the control group,the model group rats had depressive tendencies,exhibiting low vitality and interest in various behavioral indicators which were signs of despair.The Wuhua herbal tea group statistically increased the levels of serotonin and dopamine in the serum of CUMS rats to varying degrees(P=.015 and P=.002);reduced serum levels of ACTH,corticosterone,norepinephrine,and interleukin-6(all P<.05);and decreased mRNA expression of BDNF,CREB,JAK2,and STAT3 in the hippocampus(all P<.05);and decreased p-STAT3 protein levels(P=.006).Conclusion:Wuhua herbal tea shows antidepressant potential in CUMS rats by modulating the HPA axis and inhibiting JAK2-STAT3 overactivation,alleviating neuroinflammation.It also restores BDNF-CREB pathway function,reducing depressive symptoms.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms of action of propolis in db/db mice.Methods:The chemical composition of propolis was analyzed using UHPLC-MS/MS.Thirty mice,including six wt/wt...Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms of action of propolis in db/db mice.Methods:The chemical composition of propolis was analyzed using UHPLC-MS/MS.Thirty mice,including six wt/wt and 24 db/db mice,were randomly assigned to four groups(n=6 per group):control,model,metformin(250 mg/kg),low dose propolis(100 mg/kg),and high dose propolis(HDP;400 mg/kg).Treatments were administered orally for four weeks.Body weight and FBG levels were recorded weekly,and an oral glucose tolerance test was conducted on the 25th day.Serum levels of FIN,GSP,connecting peptide,AST,ALT,HDL,LDL,TG,and TC were quantified using ELISA.Liver histopathology was assessed using H&E and PAS staining.Western blotting was performed to examine the expression levels of NF-κB,phosphorylated NF-κB,IκBa,pIκBa,and AKT in liver tissues.Results:The top 10 metabolites of propolis were identified in positive and negative ion modes.The HDP group exhibited a significant reduction in FBG levels,body weight,connecting peptide levels,homeo-static model assessment of b-cell function scores,and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resis-tance scores(all P<0.05).GSP levels were significantly reduced in both treatment groups(all P<0.001).The HDP group also exhibited a reduction in TC and LDL levels(both P<0.05),whereas HDL levels increased in both treatment groups(all P<0.05).Liver weight,AST levels,and ALT levels were reduced in both treatment groups(all P<0.05).Histological analysis revealed improved liver morphology.Protein analysis demonstrated downregulation of phosphorylated NF-κB and phosphorylated IkB,alongside upregulation of AKT.Conclusion:Propolis exhibited significant antihyperglycemic effects in db/db mice,potentially by modulating the AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways,highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for diabetes management.展开更多
The stability problems of the exponential （functional） equation on a restricted domain will be investigated, and the results will be applied to the study of an asymptotic property of that equation. More precisely, t...The stability problems of the exponential （functional） equation on a restricted domain will be investigated, and the results will be applied to the study of an asymptotic property of that equation. More precisely, the following asymptotic property is proved： Let X be a real （or complex） normed space. A mapping f ： X → C is exponential if and only if f（x ＋ y） - f（x）f（y） → 0 as ｜｜x｜｜ ＋ ｜｜y｜｜ → ∞ under some suitable conditions.展开更多
基金supported by the Creation and Talent Introduction Base of Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes and Its Complications withTraditional Chinese Medicine(B20055).
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of action of Panax notoginseng(Burk)F.H.Chen(P.notoginseng,San Qi)flowers in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)using network pharmacology,in vivo experiments,and RNA sequencing(RNA-seq).Methods:Network pharmacology analysis was performed to identify and correlate the drug targets of flower buds of P.notoginseng(PNF)with T2DM disease targets and to predict the key targets and pathways involved in the therapeutic effects of PNF in T2DM.In vivo experiments were conducted to assess the effects of PNF on glucose and lipid metabolism in mice with T2DM.RNA-seq was performed,and the results were integrated with network pharmacology data to assess the therapeutic mechanisms of PNF in T2DM.The results from transcriptomics and network pharmacology were validated using real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results:A total of 27 intersecting targets were identified by overlapping 35 drug targets with T2DM targets.Further topological analysis using the Centiscape 2.2 tool revealed five core targets,including signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3).Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis indicated that the JAK/STAT signaling pathway is a key mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of PNF in T2DM.In vivo experiments confirmed that PNF effectively regulates glycolipid metabolism in a mouse model of diabetes.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of RNA-seq data highlighted the JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT pathway as a potential mechanism.PNF high-dose(PNFH)increased the gene expression levels of PIK3R1 and AKT2,decreased the expression of PCK1,JAK2,and STAT3,and showed a trend toward increasing INSR expression without reaching statistical significance.Conclusion:PNF improves glycolipid metabolism disorders in T2DM,potentially by modulating the JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
基金supported by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention of Metabolic Diseases Research Project(90020165120003)the Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education(2024-JYB-KYPT-002).
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effects of Wuhua herbal tea on chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)-induced depression and explore its mechanism of action in combating depression.Methods:We tested the antidepressant effects of Wuhua herbal tea in a rat model of CUMS-induced depression using fluoxetine as a positive control.The rats were divided into four groups:control group,model group,fluoxetine group,and Wuhua herbal tea group.The rats underwent body weight measurements,sucrose preference test,and open-field test.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to detect the serum levels of serotonin,dopamine,adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH),corticosterone,norepinephrine,and interleukin-6.Intergroup comparisons and detection of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),cAMP-response element binding protein(CREB),Janus kinase 2(JAK2),and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)mRNA expression in the hippocampus were performed using RTPCR.Immunohistochemistry was used to identify the expression of phosphorylated JAK2(p-JAK2)and phosphorylated STAT3(p-STAT3)proteins in hippocampal paraffin sections of CUMS rats.Results:Compared with the control group,the model group rats had depressive tendencies,exhibiting low vitality and interest in various behavioral indicators which were signs of despair.The Wuhua herbal tea group statistically increased the levels of serotonin and dopamine in the serum of CUMS rats to varying degrees(P=.015 and P=.002);reduced serum levels of ACTH,corticosterone,norepinephrine,and interleukin-6(all P<.05);and decreased mRNA expression of BDNF,CREB,JAK2,and STAT3 in the hippocampus(all P<.05);and decreased p-STAT3 protein levels(P=.006).Conclusion:Wuhua herbal tea shows antidepressant potential in CUMS rats by modulating the HPA axis and inhibiting JAK2-STAT3 overactivation,alleviating neuroinflammation.It also restores BDNF-CREB pathway function,reducing depressive symptoms.
基金supported by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention of Metabolic Diseases Research Project(90020165120003)Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education Project(2024-JYB-KYPT-002).
文摘Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms of action of propolis in db/db mice.Methods:The chemical composition of propolis was analyzed using UHPLC-MS/MS.Thirty mice,including six wt/wt and 24 db/db mice,were randomly assigned to four groups(n=6 per group):control,model,metformin(250 mg/kg),low dose propolis(100 mg/kg),and high dose propolis(HDP;400 mg/kg).Treatments were administered orally for four weeks.Body weight and FBG levels were recorded weekly,and an oral glucose tolerance test was conducted on the 25th day.Serum levels of FIN,GSP,connecting peptide,AST,ALT,HDL,LDL,TG,and TC were quantified using ELISA.Liver histopathology was assessed using H&E and PAS staining.Western blotting was performed to examine the expression levels of NF-κB,phosphorylated NF-κB,IκBa,pIκBa,and AKT in liver tissues.Results:The top 10 metabolites of propolis were identified in positive and negative ion modes.The HDP group exhibited a significant reduction in FBG levels,body weight,connecting peptide levels,homeo-static model assessment of b-cell function scores,and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resis-tance scores(all P<0.05).GSP levels were significantly reduced in both treatment groups(all P<0.001).The HDP group also exhibited a reduction in TC and LDL levels(both P<0.05),whereas HDL levels increased in both treatment groups(all P<0.05).Liver weight,AST levels,and ALT levels were reduced in both treatment groups(all P<0.05).Histological analysis revealed improved liver morphology.Protein analysis demonstrated downregulation of phosphorylated NF-κB and phosphorylated IkB,alongside upregulation of AKT.Conclusion:Propolis exhibited significant antihyperglycemic effects in db/db mice,potentially by modulating the AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways,highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for diabetes management.
文摘The stability problems of the exponential （functional） equation on a restricted domain will be investigated, and the results will be applied to the study of an asymptotic property of that equation. More precisely, the following asymptotic property is proved： Let X be a real （or complex） normed space. A mapping f ： X → C is exponential if and only if f（x ＋ y） - f（x）f（y） → 0 as ｜｜x｜｜ ＋ ｜｜y｜｜ → ∞ under some suitable conditions.
