BACKGROUND： Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology was demonstrated to be a useful tool for the diagnosis and staging of pancreaticobiliary neoplastic le- sions. Nonetheless, the diagnostic valu...BACKGROUND： Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology was demonstrated to be a useful tool for the diagnosis and staging of pancreaticobiliary neoplastic le- sions. Nonetheless, the diagnostic value of this procedure may be limited by low cellularity of the specimen, contamination of intestinal cells and unfeasibility of ancillary immunocy- tochemical procedures. The present study was to evaluate its usefulness in the diagnosis of neoplastic lesions.展开更多
The Gleason grading system for prostate cancer(PCa)was.developed in the 1960s by DF Gleason.Due to changes in PCa detection and treatment,the application of the Gleason grading system has changed considerably in patho...The Gleason grading system for prostate cancer(PCa)was.developed in the 1960s by DF Gleason.Due to changes in PCa detection and treatment,the application of the Gleason grading system has changed considerably in pathology routine practice.Two consensus conferences were held in 2005 and in 2014 to update PCa Gleason grading.This review provides a summary of the changes in the grading of PCa from the original Gleason grading system to the prognostic grade grouping,as well as a discussion of the clinical significance of the percentage of Gleason patterns 4 and 5.展开更多
Nested stromal-epithelial tumor(NSET) is a nonhepatocytic and non-biliary tumor of the liver consisting of nests of epithelial and spindled cells with associated myofibroblastic stroma and variable intra-lesional calc...Nested stromal-epithelial tumor(NSET) is a nonhepatocytic and non-biliary tumor of the liver consisting of nests of epithelial and spindled cells with associated myofibroblastic stroma and variable intra-lesional calcification and ossification, which represents a very rare and challenging disease. Most of the reported cases have been treated with surgery, obtaining a long survival outcome. Here, we report the case of a 31-year-old Caucasian man who underwent surgery at our institution for a large, lobulated, multinodular mass of the right hemi-liver. The histological exam confirmed the diagnosis of NSET. After 6 mo from surgery, a liver recurrence was described and a chemoembolization was performed. After a further disease progression, based on the correlation between the histological features of the disease and those of the hepatoblastoma, a similar chemotherapy regimen(with cisplatin and ifosfamide/mesna chemotherapy, omitting doxorubicin due to liver impairment) was administered. However, infection of the biliary catheter required a dose modification of the treatment. No benefit was noted and a progression of disease was radiologically assessed after only four cycles. The worsening of the clinical status prevented further treatments, and the patient died a few months later. This case report documents how the NSET might have an aggressive and non-preventable behavior. No chemotherapy schedules with a proved efficacy are available, and new data are needed to shed light on this rare neoplasm.展开更多
The aim of this study was to examine the tissue expression and Iocalisation of the somatostatin receptors （SSTRs） in hormone-refractory （HR） prostate cancer （PCa）. Five SSTRs were evaluated immunohistochemically...The aim of this study was to examine the tissue expression and Iocalisation of the somatostatin receptors （SSTRs） in hormone-refractory （HR） prostate cancer （PCa）. Five SSTRs were evaluated immunohistochemically in 20 radical prostatectomies （RPs） with Gleason score （GS） 3＋3=6 PCa, in 20 RPs with GS 4＋4=8 and 4＋5=9 PCa, and 20 transurethral resection of the prostate specimens with HR PCa. The mean values in the cytoplasm （all five SSTRs were expressed）, membrane （only SSTR3 and SSTR4 were expressed） and nuclei （only SSTR4 and SSTR5 were expressed） of the glands in HR PCa were 20-70% lower than in the other two groups, the differences being statistically significant. All five SSTRs were expressed in the smooth muscle and endothelial cells of HR PCa, the mean values being lower than in the other two groups. In conclusion, this study expands our knowledge on the expression and Iocalisation of five SSTRs in the various tissue components in the HR PCa compared with hormone-sensitive PCa.展开更多
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) is a common paraneoplastic syndrome commonly associated with thoracic malignancies, gastrointestinal cancers and kidney tumors. It is defined as hyponatremia in euvolemic ...Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) is a common paraneoplastic syndrome commonly associated with thoracic malignancies, gastrointestinal cancers and kidney tumors. It is defined as hyponatremia in euvolemic patients, often due to abnormal secretion of antidiuretic hormone by tumor cells. Tolvaptan, a vasopressin-2-receptor antagonist, is currently recommended for patients affected by SIAD with mild or moderate symptoms. Among patients with prostatic cancer, SIAD represents a rare condition but it is frequently associated with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma or pure small-cell carcinoma histotype. We report a case of SIAD appeared at disease progression in a 60-year-old male patient with acinar adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation together with a literature review.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND： Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology was demonstrated to be a useful tool for the diagnosis and staging of pancreaticobiliary neoplastic le- sions. Nonetheless, the diagnostic value of this procedure may be limited by low cellularity of the specimen, contamination of intestinal cells and unfeasibility of ancillary immunocy- tochemical procedures. The present study was to evaluate its usefulness in the diagnosis of neoplastic lesions.
文摘The Gleason grading system for prostate cancer(PCa)was.developed in the 1960s by DF Gleason.Due to changes in PCa detection and treatment,the application of the Gleason grading system has changed considerably in pathology routine practice.Two consensus conferences were held in 2005 and in 2014 to update PCa Gleason grading.This review provides a summary of the changes in the grading of PCa from the original Gleason grading system to the prognostic grade grouping,as well as a discussion of the clinical significance of the percentage of Gleason patterns 4 and 5.
文摘Nested stromal-epithelial tumor(NSET) is a nonhepatocytic and non-biliary tumor of the liver consisting of nests of epithelial and spindled cells with associated myofibroblastic stroma and variable intra-lesional calcification and ossification, which represents a very rare and challenging disease. Most of the reported cases have been treated with surgery, obtaining a long survival outcome. Here, we report the case of a 31-year-old Caucasian man who underwent surgery at our institution for a large, lobulated, multinodular mass of the right hemi-liver. The histological exam confirmed the diagnosis of NSET. After 6 mo from surgery, a liver recurrence was described and a chemoembolization was performed. After a further disease progression, based on the correlation between the histological features of the disease and those of the hepatoblastoma, a similar chemotherapy regimen(with cisplatin and ifosfamide/mesna chemotherapy, omitting doxorubicin due to liver impairment) was administered. However, infection of the biliary catheter required a dose modification of the treatment. No benefit was noted and a progression of disease was radiologically assessed after only four cycles. The worsening of the clinical status prevented further treatments, and the patient died a few months later. This case report documents how the NSET might have an aggressive and non-preventable behavior. No chemotherapy schedules with a proved efficacy are available, and new data are needed to shed light on this rare neoplasm.
文摘The aim of this study was to examine the tissue expression and Iocalisation of the somatostatin receptors （SSTRs） in hormone-refractory （HR） prostate cancer （PCa）. Five SSTRs were evaluated immunohistochemically in 20 radical prostatectomies （RPs） with Gleason score （GS） 3＋3=6 PCa, in 20 RPs with GS 4＋4=8 and 4＋5=9 PCa, and 20 transurethral resection of the prostate specimens with HR PCa. The mean values in the cytoplasm （all five SSTRs were expressed）, membrane （only SSTR3 and SSTR4 were expressed） and nuclei （only SSTR4 and SSTR5 were expressed） of the glands in HR PCa were 20-70% lower than in the other two groups, the differences being statistically significant. All five SSTRs were expressed in the smooth muscle and endothelial cells of HR PCa, the mean values being lower than in the other two groups. In conclusion, this study expands our knowledge on the expression and Iocalisation of five SSTRs in the various tissue components in the HR PCa compared with hormone-sensitive PCa.
文摘Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) is a common paraneoplastic syndrome commonly associated with thoracic malignancies, gastrointestinal cancers and kidney tumors. It is defined as hyponatremia in euvolemic patients, often due to abnormal secretion of antidiuretic hormone by tumor cells. Tolvaptan, a vasopressin-2-receptor antagonist, is currently recommended for patients affected by SIAD with mild or moderate symptoms. Among patients with prostatic cancer, SIAD represents a rare condition but it is frequently associated with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma or pure small-cell carcinoma histotype. We report a case of SIAD appeared at disease progression in a 60-year-old male patient with acinar adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation together with a literature review.
