The Max Planck Society and the Chinese Academy of Sciences have been cooperating very successfully for 30 years. With their innovative collaboration, they have contributed considerably to intensifying bilateral relati...The Max Planck Society and the Chinese Academy of Sciences have been cooperating very successfully for 30 years. With their innovative collaboration, they have contributed considerably to intensifying bilateral relations and to the progress of science in both countries. An essential aspect of such efficient cooperation is creativity. In this context creativity means now and then following paths which deviate from the norm, departing from established patterns. Individual scientists who achieve creative results fulfil these essential criteria: They command a profound knowledge of their own discipline as well as possessing enormous curiosity.展开更多
ASEAN and China have built the most successful and dynamic model of regional cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region or even the whole world.Both are each other’s largest trading partners.China has maintained as ASEAN...ASEAN and China have built the most successful and dynamic model of regional cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region or even the whole world.Both are each other’s largest trading partners.China has maintained as ASEAN’s top trading partner for 16 consecutive years,and ASEAN has been China’s largest trading partner for five consecutive years.In 2024,the total bilateral trade volume approached 1 trillion US dollars,with a year-on-year increase of 7.8%.China is ASEAN’s second-largest source of foreign investment,and ASEAN is also an important source of foreign investment for China.Pragmatic cooperation between the two sides in various fields has been deepening continuously.展开更多
The 50^(th) Annual General Meeting(AGM)of the Geological Society of India was held on 26th December 2009 at 3 pm in the Department of Geology,Mizoram University,Aizawl-796009,Mizoram.The AGM was presided over by Harsh...The 50^(th) Annual General Meeting(AGM)of the Geological Society of India was held on 26th December 2009 at 3 pm in the Department of Geology,Mizoram University,Aizawl-796009,Mizoram.The AGM was presided over by Harsh Gupta,President,Geological Society of India.R.H.Sawkar,Secretary,read the meeting notice and presented the Annual Report and audited statement of accounts for the year 2008-2009.展开更多
Echocardiography is the most common diagnostic method for assessing atrial function but the technique has some limitations. Traditionally, assessment of left atrial function has been performed by measuring volumes wit...Echocardiography is the most common diagnostic method for assessing atrial function but the technique has some limitations. Traditionally, assessment of left atrial function has been performed by measuring volumes with 2D echocardiography. Additionally, it can be assessed with transmitral Doppler and pulmonary vein Doppler. Recently, an alternative method has been incorporated, namely, measurement of myocardial deformation with color tissue Doppler-derived strain. However, this method has several limitations, such as suboptimal reproducibility, angle-dependence, signal artifacts and the fact that it only measures regional strain and does not obtain information about the curved portion of the atrial roof. To overcome these limitations in the quantification of atrial function, the use of speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) strain has been proposed. This technique is not derived from Doppler but rather from 2D echocardiography; it is angle-independent and allows one to measure global as well as regional atrial strain. In this editorial, we describe the physical and pathophysiological concepts of STE and underline the clinical usefulness of this new technique.展开更多
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation(CPAM), previously known as congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation is a congenital disorder of the lung similar to bronchopulmonary sequestration. In CPAM, usually an entire...Congenital pulmonary airway malformation(CPAM), previously known as congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation is a congenital disorder of the lung similar to bronchopulmonary sequestration. In CPAM, usually an entire lobe of lung is replaced by a non-working cystic piece of abnormal lung tissue. This abnormal tissue will never function as normal lung tissue. The underlying cause for CPAM is not known. It occurs in approximately 1 in every 30000 pregnancies. The association between CPAM and malignancy has been well documented. There is a small risk(0.7%) of malignant transformation within the cyst. So early diagnosis and surgical resection is important to prevent the grave complications. Herein, we are reporting two interesting cases of CPAM and one belonged to Type Ⅱ and other belonged to Type Ⅲ of Stocker's classification.展开更多
This paper analyzed forest land use change in Trans-Boundary Laos-China Biodiversity Conservation Area which is called Namha National Biodiversity Conservation Areas （Namha NBCAs）, with 1992 and 2002 TM （ETM）. Bas...This paper analyzed forest land use change in Trans-Boundary Laos-China Biodiversity Conservation Area which is called Namha National Biodiversity Conservation Areas （Namha NBCAs）, with 1992 and 2002 TM （ETM）. Based on GIS and statistical methods, the intensity, state index of land use change and transfer matrix were used to study spatio-temporal land use change in the region. The results showed that the area of forest land decreased greatly, also the area of bamboo and grassland decreased. The other way round, the area of unstocked forest, slash and burn and rice paddy land increased. As a whole, the intensity of forest land change was higher, but others were lower. From the transfer matrix, most of the forest land changed into unstocked forest and urban area, some to slash and burn The grassland and bamboo were mainly transferred to forest and unstocked forest. The unstocked forest land mostly came from forest land and grassland. It was showed there were three main causes of the land use change namely： opium poppy cultivation, rubber plantation and also ecotourism activities and finally some policies were developed in order to address the land use change in the study areas.展开更多
Indirect traumatic optic neuropathy(ITON) refers to optic nerve injury resulting from impact remote to the optic nerve. The mechanism of injury is not understood, and there are no confirmed protocols for prevention, m...Indirect traumatic optic neuropathy(ITON) refers to optic nerve injury resulting from impact remote to the optic nerve. The mechanism of injury is not understood, and there are no confirmed protocols for prevention, mitigation or treatment. Most data concerning this condition comes from case series of civilian patients suffering blunt injury, such as from sports- or motor vehicle-related concussion, rather than military-related ballistic or blast damage. Research in this field will likely require the development of robust databases to identify patients with ITON and follow related outcomes, in addition to both in-vivo animal and virtual human models to study the mechanisms of damage and potential therapies.展开更多
Increasing production and disposal of coal fly ash （CFA） is a matter of serious environment concern. However, CFA contains various beneficial metals and mineral matters whose demand is increasing in the industrializ...Increasing production and disposal of coal fly ash （CFA） is a matter of serious environment concern. However, CFA contains various beneficial metals and mineral matters whose demand is increasing in the industrialized world, while natural supplies are diminishing. Therefore, recovery of these potential resources from CFA can be an alternative way to save mineral resources, as well as to reduce the environmental burden of CFA disposal. There are numerous methods developed for the recovery of beneficial products from CFA. Based on the US patents and journal literatures, the present review describes the recovery status and technologies of major elements such as Al, Si, Fe and Ti, and trace elements such as V, Ga, Ge, Se, Li, Mo, U, Au, Ag, Pt groups and rare earth elements （REEs） and other beneficial products such as magnetic materials, cenospheres, and unburned carbon from CFA. It also highlights the recovery efficiency and drawbacks for their extraction, and suggests future research to develop satisfactory results in terms of selective recovery and purification.展开更多
Trichobezoars(hair ball) are usually located in the stomach, but may extend through the pylorus into the duodenum and small bowel(Rapunzel syndrome). Rapunzel syndrome remains uncommon; with fewer than 40 cases report...Trichobezoars(hair ball) are usually located in the stomach, but may extend through the pylorus into the duodenum and small bowel(Rapunzel syndrome). Rapunzel syndrome remains uncommon; with fewer than 40 cases reported. To the best of our knowledge, this case may be the first well-documented case with a length of 75 cm. They are almost always associated with trichotillomania and trichophagia or other psychiatric disorders. In the literature several treatment options are proposed, including removal by conventional laparotomy, laparoscopy and endoscopy. Herein, we are reporting an interesting case of an 18-year mentally retarded girl with history of trichotillomania and trichophagia who presented to our emergency department with a history of central abdominal pain associated with vomiting and constipation for five days. An examination showed a trichobezoar requiring emergent surgical intervention, and indicating the need for psychiatric treatment. The trichobezoar was treated successfully by laparoscopy.展开更多
A 16-year-old man had aswelling over the anterior aspect of the proximal third of the tibia for 1 year, which was peanut size initially and progressively increased to its present size of 10 cm × 8 cm. He underwen...A 16-year-old man had aswelling over the anterior aspect of the proximal third of the tibia for 1 year, which was peanut size initially and progressively increased to its present size of 10 cm × 8 cm. He underwent fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) twice during this period and reported aspindle cell sarcoma. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor(MPNST) is a malignancy of the connective tissue surrounding the nerves. Previously, MPNST was also known as neurofibrosarcoma, malignant schwannoma, andneurogenic sarcoma. We are reporting this case for its rarity and peculiar mode of presentation. FNAC/core biopsy can be used as an effective tool to achievethe correct pathological diagnosis.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The diagnosis of unexplained infertility may be very frustrating for inferti...<strong>Background:</strong><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The diagnosis of unexplained infertility may be very frustrating for infertile couples and they show higher depression levels when compared to fertile couples. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">To assess the psychiatric aspects of Egyptian women with unexplained infertility. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">220 infertile women were included in this study (110 with unexplained infertility and 110 with explained infertility).</span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The psychiatric aspect of these women was evaluated using the translated and validated Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory-II. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Findings: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The</span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">number of women with mild depression was significantly higher in </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">unexplained infertility group (47/110 (42.7%)) versus (22/110 (20%)) in </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">explained infertility group (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P</span></i></span><i><span style="font-family:""> </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">=</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.007). The number of women with moderate anxiety was significantly higher in </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">unexplained infertility group (26/110 (23.6%)) versus (8/110 (7.3%)) in </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">explained infertility group (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P</span></i></span><i><span style="font-family:""> </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">=</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.003). </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The current study concluded that mild depression and moderate anxiety were significantly higher in </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">unexplained infertility group. It is crucial to identify infertility women who are in need of psychological support and counseling during infertility treatment, because the psychological disturbance of the infertile women may affect the outcome of infertility treatment.</span>展开更多
It has been a privilege to have the opportunity to serve as vip editor for this special issue of the Asian Journal of Urology(AJU)on the topic of urolithiasis.Similarly it has been an honor to serve on the editorial...It has been a privilege to have the opportunity to serve as vip editor for this special issue of the Asian Journal of Urology(AJU)on the topic of urolithiasis.Similarly it has been an honor to serve on the editorial board of AJU since its inception and to see the positive evolution of this relatively new urology journal under the leadership of Professor Yinghao Sun.展开更多
The International Subcomission on Cambrian Stratigraphy （ISCS） of the International Commission on Stratigraphy （ICS） held its Fourth International Symposium on the Cambrian System in Nanjing, the capital city of J...The International Subcomission on Cambrian Stratigraphy （ISCS） of the International Commission on Stratigraphy （ICS） held its Fourth International Symposium on the Cambrian System in Nanjing, the capital city of Jiangsu Province, China, on 18-24 August, 2005. The Symposium was held in conjunction with the Tenth Field Conference of the Cambrian Stage Subdivision Working Group of the ISCS. Technical sessions were held in the conference center of Southeast University, and hosted by the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Geological Institute, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, and Guizhou University. Associated with the meeting were five field excursions to classical Cambrian localities in North China and South China.展开更多
Worldwide, there is a growing demand for products made by technologies that contribute to environmental preservation and to sustainable rural development. In Brazil, organic farming is one of the most established init...Worldwide, there is a growing demand for products made by technologies that contribute to environmental preservation and to sustainable rural development. In Brazil, organic farming is one of the most established initiatives in this area. Therefore, it is important to subsidize the decision-making regarding policies for organic coffee production. Thereby, this study analyzed the socio-economic sustainability of this production system in relation to conventional. We applied a semi-structured questionnaire on coffee farms in the Brazilian coffee producers states and analyzed the coffee production cost structure. We identified the reasons that led the producers to organic management, implications of certification on the management, and prices received by organic coffee and the market mechanism. Results showed that there is no standard for organic coffee production and marketing in Brazil. Among the producers, there are different levels of access to technical information and the main limitation of the organic coffee chain is not the technology of production, but the difficulty of coffee marketing. Another important limitation, for medium and large farms, is the cost of manpower, mainly in areas dominated by mountain, where machines operations are not viable. Moreover, the yield of organic coffee system is generally lower than the conventional. Furthermore, soil and climatic differences lead to different regional behavior. Finally, we could conclude that the production of organic coffee can be sustainable in Brazil mainly in two structural conditions： 1） family farmers; and 2） small producers, who employ only one or two workers, preferably only in the harvest time.展开更多
The aim of this study is to identify the variables affecting land value. Examined land was selected from the village in Vientiane capital city Laos. Data was collected from 100 villages in center of Vientiane capital ...The aim of this study is to identify the variables affecting land value. Examined land was selected from the village in Vientiane capital city Laos. Data was collected from 100 villages in center of Vientiane capital city by using survey methods. A hedonic price analysis was conducted to determine the marginal return to different land characteristics using an econometric model corrected for correlation. Parcel characteristics such as distance to public park, village income, distance of population, number of the school within 500 meters buffer, distance to the temple, distance to the major market and distance to the business center （CBD）. Arc GIS 9.2 was applied to calculate the distance of the factors, after that SPSS 15.0 was used to calculate the land price characteristic based on hedonic price model. The results showed that the distance to the center of population was the main factor influencing to the land price, and followed by school and village income. Map of the land price before and after hedonic price analysis were produced. The land price valuation approaches based on hedonic price model for Vientiane capital city were developed and land price map were predicted. Hedonic price model and GIS were very useful for this research, and finally the policy of the land valuation based on GIS was developed.展开更多
Staphylococcus aureus is a dangerous gram positive bacterial pathogen which, not only evades the host’s immune system but also can destroy the leucocytes especially neutrophils. It has an embodiment of virulence fact...Staphylococcus aureus is a dangerous gram positive bacterial pathogen which, not only evades the host’s immune system but also can destroy the leucocytes especially neutrophils. It has an embodiment of virulence factors most of which are secreted. Staphylococcus aureus secretes a number of toxins which cause tissue damage and facilitate spreading and nutrients uptake. Among the toxins, hemolysins α, β, γ, δ and Panton Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) are unique that they drill pores in the membrane, leading to the efflux of vital molecules and metabolites. Hemolysins also help in the scavenging of iron, although many of them also have leucolytic properties. α-hemolysin, also known as α-toxin, is the most prominent cytotoxin which damages a wide range of host cells including epithelial cells, endothelial cells, erythrocytes, monocytes, keratinocytes and it damages cell membrane and induces apoptosis. β-Hemolysin significantly affects human immune cell function. It has Mg2+ dependent sphingomyelinase activity and degrades sphingomyelin of plasma membrane into phosphorylcholine and ceramides. The bi-component leukocidins, which include γ-hemolysin and PVL, attack human phagocytic cells and greatly contribute to immune evasion. Delta toxin is a low molecular weight exotoxin with a broad cytolytic activity. Virulence determinants, quorum sensing and biofilm synthesis provide some attractive targets for design and development of a new group of antimicrobial compounds. This review provides an update on the structure, biological functions of hemolysins and their role in quorum sensing/biofilm synthesis (if any) and as effective therapeutic targets for anti-virulence drug development. We have tried to bring together information available on various aspects of hemolysins and highlighted their distribution among all species of Staphylococcus and other bacteria. We have updated the status of development of candidate drugs targeting the hemolysins for anti-virulence therapy as it offers an additional strategy to reduce the severity of infection and which would, through quorum quenching, delay the development biofilms leading to drug resistance.展开更多
Meteorological balloon is made of natural rubber latex with a special process. On natural conditions, it carries the air sounding instrument into the high air to detect the meteorological elements in the air. As a mea...Meteorological balloon is made of natural rubber latex with a special process. On natural conditions, it carries the air sounding instrument into the high air to detect the meteorological elements in the air. As a means of delivery used in the aerological sounding, it is widely used in the meteorological, sailing, aeronautical, aerospace and other fields, and plays an extremely important role in the weather report, disaster prevention, disaster relief,展开更多
Forests are considered as a sacred asset in India and have guided the way of living throughout its history.Indian forests not only accommodate the myriad species but also act as a survival support system to the commun...Forests are considered as a sacred asset in India and have guided the way of living throughout its history.Indian forests not only accommodate the myriad species but also act as a survival support system to the communities that depended on them.The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development proposed by the United Nations(UN)has gained momentum and becomes an integral part of the recent efforts of Indian governance.In this investigation,we examined the potential nexus between Indian forestry system(biodiversity-enriched assets,ecosystem services,constitutional mechanisms,and governances)and Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)through theoretical underpinnings from literature that selected from database like Google Scholar,Indian forest survey reports,and information retrieved from Indian government websites.The significance of this review is that it presents comprehensive information about Indian forestry,biodiversity-rich assets,and sustainable forest management practices.The results show that Indian forestry as a whole is an integral part of the food-energy-water cycle and contributes to all dimensions of sustainable development,i.e.,economic sustainability,social sustainability,and environmental sustainability.The investigation confirms that besides partly contributing to the economy and life support systems to many dependent species,forests also act as boosters in the areas of food security and health.Targets related to the climate action,peace,and partnership goals are well in place through various forestry interventions and environmental commitments by the Government of India.展开更多
文摘The Max Planck Society and the Chinese Academy of Sciences have been cooperating very successfully for 30 years. With their innovative collaboration, they have contributed considerably to intensifying bilateral relations and to the progress of science in both countries. An essential aspect of such efficient cooperation is creativity. In this context creativity means now and then following paths which deviate from the norm, departing from established patterns. Individual scientists who achieve creative results fulfil these essential criteria: They command a profound knowledge of their own discipline as well as possessing enormous curiosity.
文摘ASEAN and China have built the most successful and dynamic model of regional cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region or even the whole world.Both are each other’s largest trading partners.China has maintained as ASEAN’s top trading partner for 16 consecutive years,and ASEAN has been China’s largest trading partner for five consecutive years.In 2024,the total bilateral trade volume approached 1 trillion US dollars,with a year-on-year increase of 7.8%.China is ASEAN’s second-largest source of foreign investment,and ASEAN is also an important source of foreign investment for China.Pragmatic cooperation between the two sides in various fields has been deepening continuously.
文摘The 50^(th) Annual General Meeting(AGM)of the Geological Society of India was held on 26th December 2009 at 3 pm in the Department of Geology,Mizoram University,Aizawl-796009,Mizoram.The AGM was presided over by Harsh Gupta,President,Geological Society of India.R.H.Sawkar,Secretary,read the meeting notice and presented the Annual Report and audited statement of accounts for the year 2008-2009.
文摘Echocardiography is the most common diagnostic method for assessing atrial function but the technique has some limitations. Traditionally, assessment of left atrial function has been performed by measuring volumes with 2D echocardiography. Additionally, it can be assessed with transmitral Doppler and pulmonary vein Doppler. Recently, an alternative method has been incorporated, namely, measurement of myocardial deformation with color tissue Doppler-derived strain. However, this method has several limitations, such as suboptimal reproducibility, angle-dependence, signal artifacts and the fact that it only measures regional strain and does not obtain information about the curved portion of the atrial roof. To overcome these limitations in the quantification of atrial function, the use of speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) strain has been proposed. This technique is not derived from Doppler but rather from 2D echocardiography; it is angle-independent and allows one to measure global as well as regional atrial strain. In this editorial, we describe the physical and pathophysiological concepts of STE and underline the clinical usefulness of this new technique.
文摘Congenital pulmonary airway malformation(CPAM), previously known as congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation is a congenital disorder of the lung similar to bronchopulmonary sequestration. In CPAM, usually an entire lobe of lung is replaced by a non-working cystic piece of abnormal lung tissue. This abnormal tissue will never function as normal lung tissue. The underlying cause for CPAM is not known. It occurs in approximately 1 in every 30000 pregnancies. The association between CPAM and malignancy has been well documented. There is a small risk(0.7%) of malignant transformation within the cyst. So early diagnosis and surgical resection is important to prevent the grave complications. Herein, we are reporting two interesting cases of CPAM and one belonged to Type Ⅱ and other belonged to Type Ⅲ of Stocker's classification.
文摘This paper analyzed forest land use change in Trans-Boundary Laos-China Biodiversity Conservation Area which is called Namha National Biodiversity Conservation Areas （Namha NBCAs）, with 1992 and 2002 TM （ETM）. Based on GIS and statistical methods, the intensity, state index of land use change and transfer matrix were used to study spatio-temporal land use change in the region. The results showed that the area of forest land decreased greatly, also the area of bamboo and grassland decreased. The other way round, the area of unstocked forest, slash and burn and rice paddy land increased. As a whole, the intensity of forest land change was higher, but others were lower. From the transfer matrix, most of the forest land changed into unstocked forest and urban area, some to slash and burn The grassland and bamboo were mainly transferred to forest and unstocked forest. The unstocked forest land mostly came from forest land and grassland. It was showed there were three main causes of the land use change namely： opium poppy cultivation, rubber plantation and also ecotourism activities and finally some policies were developed in order to address the land use change in the study areas.
文摘Indirect traumatic optic neuropathy(ITON) refers to optic nerve injury resulting from impact remote to the optic nerve. The mechanism of injury is not understood, and there are no confirmed protocols for prevention, mitigation or treatment. Most data concerning this condition comes from case series of civilian patients suffering blunt injury, such as from sports- or motor vehicle-related concussion, rather than military-related ballistic or blast damage. Research in this field will likely require the development of robust databases to identify patients with ITON and follow related outcomes, in addition to both in-vivo animal and virtual human models to study the mechanisms of damage and potential therapies.
文摘Increasing production and disposal of coal fly ash （CFA） is a matter of serious environment concern. However, CFA contains various beneficial metals and mineral matters whose demand is increasing in the industrialized world, while natural supplies are diminishing. Therefore, recovery of these potential resources from CFA can be an alternative way to save mineral resources, as well as to reduce the environmental burden of CFA disposal. There are numerous methods developed for the recovery of beneficial products from CFA. Based on the US patents and journal literatures, the present review describes the recovery status and technologies of major elements such as Al, Si, Fe and Ti, and trace elements such as V, Ga, Ge, Se, Li, Mo, U, Au, Ag, Pt groups and rare earth elements （REEs） and other beneficial products such as magnetic materials, cenospheres, and unburned carbon from CFA. It also highlights the recovery efficiency and drawbacks for their extraction, and suggests future research to develop satisfactory results in terms of selective recovery and purification.
文摘Trichobezoars(hair ball) are usually located in the stomach, but may extend through the pylorus into the duodenum and small bowel(Rapunzel syndrome). Rapunzel syndrome remains uncommon; with fewer than 40 cases reported. To the best of our knowledge, this case may be the first well-documented case with a length of 75 cm. They are almost always associated with trichotillomania and trichophagia or other psychiatric disorders. In the literature several treatment options are proposed, including removal by conventional laparotomy, laparoscopy and endoscopy. Herein, we are reporting an interesting case of an 18-year mentally retarded girl with history of trichotillomania and trichophagia who presented to our emergency department with a history of central abdominal pain associated with vomiting and constipation for five days. An examination showed a trichobezoar requiring emergent surgical intervention, and indicating the need for psychiatric treatment. The trichobezoar was treated successfully by laparoscopy.
文摘A 16-year-old man had aswelling over the anterior aspect of the proximal third of the tibia for 1 year, which was peanut size initially and progressively increased to its present size of 10 cm × 8 cm. He underwent fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) twice during this period and reported aspindle cell sarcoma. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor(MPNST) is a malignancy of the connective tissue surrounding the nerves. Previously, MPNST was also known as neurofibrosarcoma, malignant schwannoma, andneurogenic sarcoma. We are reporting this case for its rarity and peculiar mode of presentation. FNAC/core biopsy can be used as an effective tool to achievethe correct pathological diagnosis.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The diagnosis of unexplained infertility may be very frustrating for infertile couples and they show higher depression levels when compared to fertile couples. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">To assess the psychiatric aspects of Egyptian women with unexplained infertility. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">220 infertile women were included in this study (110 with unexplained infertility and 110 with explained infertility).</span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The psychiatric aspect of these women was evaluated using the translated and validated Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory-II. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Findings: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The</span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">number of women with mild depression was significantly higher in </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">unexplained infertility group (47/110 (42.7%)) versus (22/110 (20%)) in </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">explained infertility group (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P</span></i></span><i><span style="font-family:""> </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">=</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.007). The number of women with moderate anxiety was significantly higher in </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">unexplained infertility group (26/110 (23.6%)) versus (8/110 (7.3%)) in </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">explained infertility group (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">P</span></i></span><i><span style="font-family:""> </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">=</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.003). </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The current study concluded that mild depression and moderate anxiety were significantly higher in </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">unexplained infertility group. It is crucial to identify infertility women who are in need of psychological support and counseling during infertility treatment, because the psychological disturbance of the infertile women may affect the outcome of infertility treatment.</span>
文摘It has been a privilege to have the opportunity to serve as vip editor for this special issue of the Asian Journal of Urology(AJU)on the topic of urolithiasis.Similarly it has been an honor to serve on the editorial board of AJU since its inception and to see the positive evolution of this relatively new urology journal under the leadership of Professor Yinghao Sun.
文摘The International Subcomission on Cambrian Stratigraphy （ISCS） of the International Commission on Stratigraphy （ICS） held its Fourth International Symposium on the Cambrian System in Nanjing, the capital city of Jiangsu Province, China, on 18-24 August, 2005. The Symposium was held in conjunction with the Tenth Field Conference of the Cambrian Stage Subdivision Working Group of the ISCS. Technical sessions were held in the conference center of Southeast University, and hosted by the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Geological Institute, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, and Guizhou University. Associated with the meeting were five field excursions to classical Cambrian localities in North China and South China.
文摘Worldwide, there is a growing demand for products made by technologies that contribute to environmental preservation and to sustainable rural development. In Brazil, organic farming is one of the most established initiatives in this area. Therefore, it is important to subsidize the decision-making regarding policies for organic coffee production. Thereby, this study analyzed the socio-economic sustainability of this production system in relation to conventional. We applied a semi-structured questionnaire on coffee farms in the Brazilian coffee producers states and analyzed the coffee production cost structure. We identified the reasons that led the producers to organic management, implications of certification on the management, and prices received by organic coffee and the market mechanism. Results showed that there is no standard for organic coffee production and marketing in Brazil. Among the producers, there are different levels of access to technical information and the main limitation of the organic coffee chain is not the technology of production, but the difficulty of coffee marketing. Another important limitation, for medium and large farms, is the cost of manpower, mainly in areas dominated by mountain, where machines operations are not viable. Moreover, the yield of organic coffee system is generally lower than the conventional. Furthermore, soil and climatic differences lead to different regional behavior. Finally, we could conclude that the production of organic coffee can be sustainable in Brazil mainly in two structural conditions： 1） family farmers; and 2） small producers, who employ only one or two workers, preferably only in the harvest time.
文摘The aim of this study is to identify the variables affecting land value. Examined land was selected from the village in Vientiane capital city Laos. Data was collected from 100 villages in center of Vientiane capital city by using survey methods. A hedonic price analysis was conducted to determine the marginal return to different land characteristics using an econometric model corrected for correlation. Parcel characteristics such as distance to public park, village income, distance of population, number of the school within 500 meters buffer, distance to the temple, distance to the major market and distance to the business center （CBD）. Arc GIS 9.2 was applied to calculate the distance of the factors, after that SPSS 15.0 was used to calculate the land price characteristic based on hedonic price model. The results showed that the distance to the center of population was the main factor influencing to the land price, and followed by school and village income. Map of the land price before and after hedonic price analysis were produced. The land price valuation approaches based on hedonic price model for Vientiane capital city were developed and land price map were predicted. Hedonic price model and GIS were very useful for this research, and finally the policy of the land valuation based on GIS was developed.
文摘Staphylococcus aureus is a dangerous gram positive bacterial pathogen which, not only evades the host’s immune system but also can destroy the leucocytes especially neutrophils. It has an embodiment of virulence factors most of which are secreted. Staphylococcus aureus secretes a number of toxins which cause tissue damage and facilitate spreading and nutrients uptake. Among the toxins, hemolysins α, β, γ, δ and Panton Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) are unique that they drill pores in the membrane, leading to the efflux of vital molecules and metabolites. Hemolysins also help in the scavenging of iron, although many of them also have leucolytic properties. α-hemolysin, also known as α-toxin, is the most prominent cytotoxin which damages a wide range of host cells including epithelial cells, endothelial cells, erythrocytes, monocytes, keratinocytes and it damages cell membrane and induces apoptosis. β-Hemolysin significantly affects human immune cell function. It has Mg2+ dependent sphingomyelinase activity and degrades sphingomyelin of plasma membrane into phosphorylcholine and ceramides. The bi-component leukocidins, which include γ-hemolysin and PVL, attack human phagocytic cells and greatly contribute to immune evasion. Delta toxin is a low molecular weight exotoxin with a broad cytolytic activity. Virulence determinants, quorum sensing and biofilm synthesis provide some attractive targets for design and development of a new group of antimicrobial compounds. This review provides an update on the structure, biological functions of hemolysins and their role in quorum sensing/biofilm synthesis (if any) and as effective therapeutic targets for anti-virulence drug development. We have tried to bring together information available on various aspects of hemolysins and highlighted their distribution among all species of Staphylococcus and other bacteria. We have updated the status of development of candidate drugs targeting the hemolysins for anti-virulence therapy as it offers an additional strategy to reduce the severity of infection and which would, through quorum quenching, delay the development biofilms leading to drug resistance.
文摘Meteorological balloon is made of natural rubber latex with a special process. On natural conditions, it carries the air sounding instrument into the high air to detect the meteorological elements in the air. As a means of delivery used in the aerological sounding, it is widely used in the meteorological, sailing, aeronautical, aerospace and other fields, and plays an extremely important role in the weather report, disaster prevention, disaster relief,
文摘Forests are considered as a sacred asset in India and have guided the way of living throughout its history.Indian forests not only accommodate the myriad species but also act as a survival support system to the communities that depended on them.The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development proposed by the United Nations(UN)has gained momentum and becomes an integral part of the recent efforts of Indian governance.In this investigation,we examined the potential nexus between Indian forestry system(biodiversity-enriched assets,ecosystem services,constitutional mechanisms,and governances)and Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)through theoretical underpinnings from literature that selected from database like Google Scholar,Indian forest survey reports,and information retrieved from Indian government websites.The significance of this review is that it presents comprehensive information about Indian forestry,biodiversity-rich assets,and sustainable forest management practices.The results show that Indian forestry as a whole is an integral part of the food-energy-water cycle and contributes to all dimensions of sustainable development,i.e.,economic sustainability,social sustainability,and environmental sustainability.The investigation confirms that besides partly contributing to the economy and life support systems to many dependent species,forests also act as boosters in the areas of food security and health.Targets related to the climate action,peace,and partnership goals are well in place through various forestry interventions and environmental commitments by the Government of India.
