This paper discusses cross-cultural understanding of museum collections by looking into transnational audience engagement with the imperial clock collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing.The audience research took p...This paper discusses cross-cultural understanding of museum collections by looking into transnational audience engagement with the imperial clock collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing.The audience research took place in three sites:the Hong Kong Science Museum,the Palace Museum in Beijing,and the Science Museum in London.Audience data were collected using qualitative methods,such as intercept interviews,focus groups,and informal group discussions with non-specialist and specialist audiences across the three locations.The qualitative samples suggest that UK-China audiences draw from different cultural references when they engage with the unique"singsongs"in the imperial clock collection.Despite the divergence of cultural connections made across audiences in the UK and China,it is consistent in the audience data that the appeal of the clocks is reinforced by seeing their movement.The data also indicate a desire to connect with human stories behind the creation,trade,and conservation of singsongs,and expectations for a digital resource that is visually captivating and offers additional insights into the singsongs,such as the demonstration,mechanism,and backstory of the automatons.This paper concludes with a reflection on the implications of audience data for the interpretation strategy of a London-based exhibition featuring the singsongs,and considerations for the development of a digital experience about the imperial horological collections that speaks to audiences across the UK and China.展开更多
Global change threatens mountainous plant communities,causing habitat displacement.Phylogenetic studies reveal evolutionary and ecological processes in community assembly.We examined taxonomic and phylogenetic diversi...Global change threatens mountainous plant communities,causing habitat displacement.Phylogenetic studies reveal evolutionary and ecological processes in community assembly.We examined taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in Andean Páramos across altitudes.Our hypotheses were that increasing altitude is an environmental filter,as altitude is expected to be a stronger variable than soil depth.The Páramos,alpine vegetation in the Andes,range from 3,000 to 4,700 meters,with our plots spanning 3,200 to 4,100 meters.Sampling was conducted at six altitudinal levels,measuring soil depth,taxonomic,and phylogenetic diversity.Data analysis employed multiple linear regressions and mixed-effects models to assess the effects of soil depth and altitude.We sampled 110 angiosperm species from 70 genera,30 families,and 18 orders.Asterales and Poales were prominent.Species richness generally decreased with altitude but increased at the summit.Soil depth affected species richness and taxonomic diversity,while altitude did not.Phylogenetic diversity increased with soil depth and decreased with altitude.Phylogenetic turnover increased with altitude differences.The hypothesis that increasing altitude intensifies environmental filtering in the altitudeadapted Páramos resulting in lower species richness and more clustered phylogenetic structures,was rejected.Although species richness,Shannon diversity,and Simpson diversity decreased initially with increasing altitude,this trend was not linear because the summit presented intermediate species richness.The hypothesis that altitude is a stronger explanatory variable than soil depth was also rejected.Despite expectations,taxonomic results did not support altitude as an environmental filter,but soil depth.Greater altitude differences increased beta phylogenetic dissimilarity,supporting niche conservatism.展开更多
The rare ophiuroid species,Ophioleila elegans,was collected by the submersible Jiaolongfrom 1660 m depth on the Caiwei Guyot located in the Magellan Seamount Chain in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.This is the first publ...The rare ophiuroid species,Ophioleila elegans,was collected by the submersible Jiaolongfrom 1660 m depth on the Caiwei Guyot located in the Magellan Seamount Chain in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.This is the first published record of this species since the types were described from similar habitat off Hawaii.We provide more detailed morphologic characteristics of arm skeleton and a phylogenetic analysis based on CO 1 sequences.Both morphology and phylogeny results suggest that the genus Ophioleila is more closely related to Ophiactids than Hemieuryalids.展开更多
Invasive species are considered one of the greatest threats to native ecosystems, second only to habitat loss and frag- mentation. Despite this, the temporal dynamics of invasions are poorly understood, with most stud...Invasive species are considered one of the greatest threats to native ecosystems, second only to habitat loss and frag- mentation. Despite this, the temporal dynamics of invasions are poorly understood, with most studies focusing on a single time point, providing us with only a snapshot of the biology and genetics of the invader. We investigated the invasion of Lord Howe Island by the delicate skink Lampropholis delicata and assessed the introduction history and genetic structure of this species over a 5-year period. Using genetic data taken from 2007, and again in 2011/12, we examined changes in the population genetic struc- ture （whether new haplotypes had been introduced to the island, and shifts in haplotype frequencies） of the species on the island between these two time points. No new haplotypes were introduced to the island between 2007 and 2011/12; however, significant shifts in haplotype frequencies across the island were detected. We conclude that the delicate skink is expanding its range into the southern regions of the island and that the haplotype frequencies on Lord Howe Island are still in a state of highly dynamic flux. Our study highlights the importance of considering invasions as dynamic and studying them in such a way that enable us to better manage their impacts展开更多
Observations were made on one eye from a Longman’s beaked whale Indopacetus pacificus, which was probably one of the least known extant cetaceans. The whale died shortly after swimming aground on the coast in the Nis...Observations were made on one eye from a Longman’s beaked whale Indopacetus pacificus, which was probably one of the least known extant cetaceans. The whale died shortly after swimming aground on the coast in the Nishikata Beach, Sendai-shi, Kagoshima-ken Prefecture, Japan, on July 26, 2002. It was a mature female with body length 6.45 m. This paper documented the basic structural characteristics of her visual organ of the whale in order to better understand this animal.展开更多
Paleoclimatic settings have been reconstructed for the Campanian using original oxygenisotopic analyses of well-preserved molluskan and foraminifera shells from Russian Far East, Hokkaido, USA, Belgium and some DSDP h...Paleoclimatic settings have been reconstructed for the Campanian using original oxygenisotopic analyses of well-preserved molluskan and foraminifera shells from Russian Far East, Hokkaido, USA, Belgium and some DSDP holes （95, 98, 102, 390A, and 392A） in North Atlantic. Early Early Campanian climatic optimum has been recognized from data on high bottom shelf water paleotemperatures in middle latitudes of both the western circum-Pacific （to 24.2℃） and the eastern circum-Pacific （to 26.4℃） areas and high bottom shallow water paleotemperatures in high latitudes of the Koryak Upland （22.4-25.5℃）, which agrees with the data on the Campanian Barykovskaya flora in high latitudes （Golovneva and Herman, 1998） and Jonker flora and its equivalents in middle latitudes. Judging from the data on comparatively high bottom shallow water paleotemperature values in high latitudes, South Alaska （19.4℃） and the Koryak Upland （22.4-25.5℃）, we also expect Latest Campauian temperature maximum, which has not been confirmed, however, for low and middle latitudes by neither of isotopic nor paleobotanic data now. Main dimatic tendency during the Campanian （with the exception of Latest Campanian） has been learned from isotopic composition of Campanian aragonitic ammonoid shells from the Hokkaido-South Sakhalin （Krilyon） marine basin. In contrary to Huber＇s et al. （2002） assumption, we expect warm greenhouse conditions during the most part of the Campanian.展开更多
Glaciers one-time involves the citizenship in the development of a popular scientific project, which, among its objectives, aims to make the society conscious of the glacial retreat in action and to quantify the chang...Glaciers one-time involves the citizenship in the development of a popular scientific project, which, among its objectives, aims to make the society conscious of the glacial retreat in action and to quantify the changes in the mountain landscape. All are invited to take photographs of the modern Italian glaciers with the exact points of view of historical photographs, and to make photographic comparisons. Glaciers one-time is carried out in collaboration with institutions that carry out glaciological activities. The institutional network so has the goal to cooperate together for the promotion of research within the society and the understanding of the landscape changes due to retreat of the glaciers. With the active participation of citizenship, it was possible to do a picture of glaciation to publicize the awareness of the state of health of the glaciers and to disseminate the importance of the cryosphere.展开更多
Highlighting the Time,Culture and Identity cross-disciplinary project conducted between the Science Museum in London,the Palace Museum in Beijing,academics at Beijing Jiaotong University and the Institute for the Hist...Highlighting the Time,Culture and Identity cross-disciplinary project conducted between the Science Museum in London,the Palace Museum in Beijing,academics at Beijing Jiaotong University and the Institute for the History of Natural Sciences,and creative industries practitioners in China and the UK,this introduction highlights the key impacts of the research.As well as creating the practical output of a digital museum experience focused on the workings of the Country Scene clock,the research brought a range of wider impacts,including a change in understanding between collaborators,capacity-building skills,research process development and a change in attitude.The papers of this supplementary issue reflect some of the range of impacts of the work of our collaborators.展开更多
This survey had the aim to identify the mite fauna and mite ecologic interaction in rice culture, harvest 2010-2011, in Taquari and Cachoeirinha Counties, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The mite population was bi...This survey had the aim to identify the mite fauna and mite ecologic interaction in rice culture, harvest 2010-2011, in Taquari and Cachoeirinha Counties, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The mite population was biweekly evaluated on IRGA 424 and INTA PUITA CL cultivars in four areas where randomly sampled 20 plants/area. Fluctuation, ecologic indices and correlation between species and environmental factors were calculated. A total of 1,626 mites belonging to 14 species from 12 families were collected. Of the total specimens collected, 34.56% was on IRGA 424, in Taquari, 32.47% on IRGA 424-120 and 28.35% on IRGA 424-60, in Cachoeirinha and 4.61% on 1NTA PUIT,g, CL, in Taquari. Family Ascidae showed great richness, with four species, Lasioseius sp., Lasioseius sp., Proctolaelaps sp. and Cheiroseius sp.. Schizotetranychus oryzae Rossi de Simons （86.65%） was the phytophagous mite more abundant, while among the predators Neoseiulus paraibensis （Moraes and McMurtry） （6.88%） stood out. The population peaks of S. oryzae and N. paraibensis happened on March 2011. In all evaluated areas, the correlation between S. oryzae and N. paraibensis was positive, specially on IRGA 424-120 （r = 0.93, P = 0.006）.展开更多
This study is aimed to investigate the occurrence of Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton （citrus leafminer; CLM）, which has recently caused increasing damage to citrus farms in southern South Korea, and its natural enem...This study is aimed to investigate the occurrence of Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton （citrus leafminer; CLM）, which has recently caused increasing damage to citrus farms in southern South Korea, and its natural enemies, which can act as biological control agents. In the present study, CLM monitoring using sex pheromone traps were conducted in the major citrus farms in the Jeju region in South Korea. Also a survey of parasites was carried out to detect the effective control agent for CLM. During the investigation from 2011 to 2015, a relatively large number of adult CLM （2,386,990） were observed in the sex pheromone traps. The mean annual occurrence of CLM was 477,398, which showed an increasing trend with the increase in temperature. A survey of parasites was conducted in November 2015. Six parasites were found, of which, Quadrastichus sp. and Sympiesis sp. showed the highest rates of parasitism. The mean rate of parasitism during the survey period was 3.97 %. We discovered four new species of parasites of CLM in South Korea.展开更多
Equivalent widths and line widths of Ca II infrared triplet emission lines were measured in the high-resolution optical spectra of 39 young stellar objects.We found that the equivalent widths of the emission lines dec...Equivalent widths and line widths of Ca II infrared triplet emission lines were measured in the high-resolution optical spectra of 39 young stellar objects.We found that the equivalent widths of the emission lines decrease with stellar evolution.It has often been claimed that strong chromospheric activity is generated by a dynamo process caused by fast rotation of the photosphere.However,we found no clear correlation between the strength of the Ca II lines and the stellar rotation velocity.Instead,we found that the objects with high mass accretion rates had stronger Ca II emission lines.This correlation supports the turbulent chromosphere model or the magnetic accretion theory for classical T Tauri stars.We also noticed that the equivalent widths of Ca II lines in transitional disk objects are one-tenth of those in classical T Tauri stars,even if the masses of the circumstellar disks are comparable.展开更多
The attempt has been taken to calculate the density of stars possessing quark matter core using sphere packing concept of crystallography. The quark matter has been taken as solid in nature as predicted in references ...The attempt has been taken to calculate the density of stars possessing quark matter core using sphere packing concept of crystallography. The quark matter has been taken as solid in nature as predicted in references 36 and 37, and due to immense gravitational pressure at the core of the star the densest packing of quarks as spheres has been assumed to calculate the packing fraction Φ, thus the density ρ of the matter. Three possible types of pickings—mono-sized sphere packing, binary sphere packing and ternary sphere packing, have been worked out using three possible types of quark matter. It has been concluded that no value about the ρ of quark matter can be calculated using binary and ternary packing conditions and for mono-sized packing condition different flavor quark matters of different values in the density have been calculated using results from the experiments done by HI, ZEUS, L3 and CDF Collaborations about the radius limit of quark. For example, for u quark matter ρ ranges from 4.0587 × 1048 - 7.40038 × 1048 MeV/c2 cm3 using results of L3 Collaboration, for s quark matter 15.91794 × 1048 - 17.6866 × 1048 MeV/c2 cm3, etc.展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate control of orientation of foliations and joints on the direction of valley axes in the Stribrne Hory area in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands in central part of the Czech Republ...The purpose of this paper is to evaluate control of orientation of foliations and joints on the direction of valley axes in the Stribrne Hory area in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands in central part of the Czech Republic. This area is predominantly built by metamorphic rocks. It is situated near the Pribyslav deep-seated fault. The data concerning of foliations, joints and valley axes were statistically analyzed and then visually compared according to their distribution using direction roses. Directions of valley axes have generally orientation of NNE-SSW, SE, E-W, NW and WNW and coincide with the system of foliations and ordinarily steep joints.展开更多
Twenty-eight species in 14 genera of the family Lycosidae Sundevall,1833 are documented from Hainan Island,China,including five new species:Allotrochosina huangi Wang,Li&Zhang,sp.nov.(♂♀),Al.limu Wang,Li&Zha...Twenty-eight species in 14 genera of the family Lycosidae Sundevall,1833 are documented from Hainan Island,China,including five new species:Allotrochosina huangi Wang,Li&Zhang,sp.nov.(♂♀),Al.limu Wang,Li&Zhang,sp.nov.(♂),Arctosa hainan Wang,Li&Zhang,sp.nov.(♂♀),Ar.tangguoi Wang,Li&Zhang,sp.nov.(♂)and Zoica hainan Wang,Li&Zhang,sp.nov.(♂♀).Eight new synonyms are proposed:Arctosa danzhounensis Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=Ar.springiosa Yin,Wang,Xie&Peng,1993;Hippasa sinsiloides Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=H.holmerae Thorell,1895;Lycosa hawigvittata Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=L.vittata Yin,Bao&Zhang,1995;Pardosa daxiansongi Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=P.pusiola(Thorell,1891);P.tieshinglii Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=P.sumatrana(Thorell,1890);P.villarealae Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=P.sumatrana(Thorell,1890);Pirata sanya Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=Lysania pygmaea Thorell,1890;Pirata catindigae Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=Pi.subpiratica(Bösenberg&Strand,1906).The genus Allotrochosina Roewer,1960 and the species Wadicosa okinawensis(Tanaka,1985)are newly recorded from China,and Pardosa aciculifera Chen,Song&Li,2001 is recorded from Thailand for the first time.Females of Arctosa tridentata Chen&Song,1999 and Ocyale qiongzhongensis Yin&Peng,1997 are described for the first time.Morphological illustrations and photos of all species are given.展开更多
Mammal species globally exhibit distribution patterns conditioned by environmental conditions and human impact.The Mediterranean basin provides an ideal system to study these effects due to its diverse climate,and hab...Mammal species globally exhibit distribution patterns conditioned by environmental conditions and human impact.The Mediterranean basin provides an ideal system to study these effects due to its diverse climate,and habitat conditions.In this work,we aim to assess the impact of landscape heterogeneity and anthropization degree on terrestrial mammal diversity in this region.Accordingly,we deployed over 300 camera traps across 28 sites for 3 months.Detected mammal species(weighing more than 1kg)were classified as domestic carnivores,domestic ungulates,wild carnivores,wild ungulates,lagomorphs,and large rodents.Alpha and beta diversity were calculated for each group and all wild mammals.Simple linear regressions and multimodal analysis were conducted between mammal diversities and climate,environmental conditions,landscape heterogeneity,and anthropization degree variables.Redundancy analyses were performed to identify variables and species determining the mammalian community composition.Indexes measuring landscape heterogeneity,anthropization degree,and its 30-year change did not correlate with mammal diversity.However,the difference in elevation within sites and domestic carnivore abundance showed a significant positive correlation with some of the diversity indexes.Nonetheless,rainfall and mean elevation factors generally showed the highest correlation with mammal diversity.Instead,a few influential species,including generalists and open-habitat specialists,highlighted the importance of conserving open areas,as well as the importance of the Pyrenees region as a key habitat for certain species.Therefore,climatic variables emerged as the key determinants of mammal diversity,highlighting climate change as a potential threat to mammal diversity in this area.展开更多
The Late Cenozoic strata are 313 m thick, revealed by the drilling core PD-99 in the south Changjiang delta. Monazite chemical dating shows that 350-500-Ma monazites predominate in the Pliocene and 100-275-Ma monazite...The Late Cenozoic strata are 313 m thick, revealed by the drilling core PD-99 in the south Changjiang delta. Monazite chemical dating shows that 350-500-Ma monazites predominate in the Pliocene and 100-275-Ma monazites in the Quaternary, indicating a great change of their provenance. The first presence horizon of monazites younger than 25 Ma is just above the Matruyama/Gauss boundary (~2.58 Ma), whch is exactly when uplift of the Tibetan Plateau began to influence deposition in the East China Sea. Variations in contents of monazites younger than 25 Ma can be divided into two sections. The Early-Middle Pleistocene with less <25 Ma monazites corresponds with rapid uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, and the Late Pleistocene with more <25 Ma monazites parallels the peak uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. This study demonstrates that chemical dating of monazites in the river-mouth strata is a useful method to explore changes of river drainage basins, and deconvolute multistage tectonic and magmatic activity histories in the provenance areas.展开更多
Using the single particle states and the residual interaction derived from the relativistic point-coupling model with the PC-F1 parameter set,the second-order core polarization corrections to nuclear magnetic moments ...Using the single particle states and the residual interaction derived from the relativistic point-coupling model with the PC-F1 parameter set,the second-order core polarization corrections to nuclear magnetic moments of LS closed shell nuclei ±1 nucleon with A = 15,17,39 and 41 are studied and compared with previous non-relativistic results.It is found that the second-order corrections are significant.With these corrections,the isovector magnetic moments of the concerned nuclei are well reproduced,especially those for A = 17 and A = 41.展开更多
文摘This paper discusses cross-cultural understanding of museum collections by looking into transnational audience engagement with the imperial clock collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing.The audience research took place in three sites:the Hong Kong Science Museum,the Palace Museum in Beijing,and the Science Museum in London.Audience data were collected using qualitative methods,such as intercept interviews,focus groups,and informal group discussions with non-specialist and specialist audiences across the three locations.The qualitative samples suggest that UK-China audiences draw from different cultural references when they engage with the unique"singsongs"in the imperial clock collection.Despite the divergence of cultural connections made across audiences in the UK and China,it is consistent in the audience data that the appeal of the clocks is reinforced by seeing their movement.The data also indicate a desire to connect with human stories behind the creation,trade,and conservation of singsongs,and expectations for a digital resource that is visually captivating and offers additional insights into the singsongs,such as the demonstration,mechanism,and backstory of the automatons.This paper concludes with a reflection on the implications of audience data for the interpretation strategy of a London-based exhibition featuring the singsongs,and considerations for the development of a digital experience about the imperial horological collections that speaks to audiences across the UK and China.
基金the Botany Graduate Program of Universidade Federal de Vicosa - PPGBot-UFV for the infrastructure and scholarshipsprovided by FAPEMIG (FORTIS/PPGBot-UFV, PPM00584-16, APQ-01309-16)+1 种基金CAPES (PROAP and Pr Int/PPGBot-UFV)CNPq (307591/2016-6, 306335/2020-4)
文摘Global change threatens mountainous plant communities,causing habitat displacement.Phylogenetic studies reveal evolutionary and ecological processes in community assembly.We examined taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in Andean Páramos across altitudes.Our hypotheses were that increasing altitude is an environmental filter,as altitude is expected to be a stronger variable than soil depth.The Páramos,alpine vegetation in the Andes,range from 3,000 to 4,700 meters,with our plots spanning 3,200 to 4,100 meters.Sampling was conducted at six altitudinal levels,measuring soil depth,taxonomic,and phylogenetic diversity.Data analysis employed multiple linear regressions and mixed-effects models to assess the effects of soil depth and altitude.We sampled 110 angiosperm species from 70 genera,30 families,and 18 orders.Asterales and Poales were prominent.Species richness generally decreased with altitude but increased at the summit.Soil depth affected species richness and taxonomic diversity,while altitude did not.Phylogenetic diversity increased with soil depth and decreased with altitude.Phylogenetic turnover increased with altitude differences.The hypothesis that increasing altitude intensifies environmental filtering in the altitudeadapted Páramos resulting in lower species richness and more clustered phylogenetic structures,was rejected.Although species richness,Shannon diversity,and Simpson diversity decreased initially with increasing altitude,this trend was not linear because the summit presented intermediate species richness.The hypothesis that altitude is a stronger explanatory variable than soil depth was also rejected.Despite expectations,taxonomic results did not support altitude as an environmental filter,but soil depth.Greater altitude differences increased beta phylogenetic dissimilarity,supporting niche conservatism.
基金The National Basic Research Program(973 Program)of China under contract No.2015CB755902the Foundation of China Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association under contract Nos DY135-E2-2-03 and DY135-E2-2-06+1 种基金the Scientific Research Fund of the Second Institute of Oceanography,SOA under contract No.JG1537the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41406175
文摘The rare ophiuroid species,Ophioleila elegans,was collected by the submersible Jiaolongfrom 1660 m depth on the Caiwei Guyot located in the Magellan Seamount Chain in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.This is the first published record of this species since the types were described from similar habitat off Hawaii.We provide more detailed morphologic characteristics of arm skeleton and a phylogenetic analysis based on CO 1 sequences.Both morphology and phylogeny results suggest that the genus Ophioleila is more closely related to Ophiactids than Hemieuryalids.
文摘Invasive species are considered one of the greatest threats to native ecosystems, second only to habitat loss and frag- mentation. Despite this, the temporal dynamics of invasions are poorly understood, with most studies focusing on a single time point, providing us with only a snapshot of the biology and genetics of the invader. We investigated the invasion of Lord Howe Island by the delicate skink Lampropholis delicata and assessed the introduction history and genetic structure of this species over a 5-year period. Using genetic data taken from 2007, and again in 2011/12, we examined changes in the population genetic struc- ture （whether new haplotypes had been introduced to the island, and shifts in haplotype frequencies） of the species on the island between these two time points. No new haplotypes were introduced to the island between 2007 and 2011/12; however, significant shifts in haplotype frequencies across the island were detected. We conclude that the delicate skink is expanding its range into the southern regions of the island and that the haplotype frequencies on Lord Howe Island are still in a state of highly dynamic flux. Our study highlights the importance of considering invasions as dynamic and studying them in such a way that enable us to better manage their impacts
基金the National Science Museum,Tokyo 169-0073,JapanNNSF of China (No.40376042)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No.Y2007D75)
文摘Observations were made on one eye from a Longman’s beaked whale Indopacetus pacificus, which was probably one of the least known extant cetaceans. The whale died shortly after swimming aground on the coast in the Nishikata Beach, Sendai-shi, Kagoshima-ken Prefecture, Japan, on July 26, 2002. It was a mature female with body length 6.45 m. This paper documented the basic structural characteristics of her visual organ of the whale in order to better understand this animal.
文摘Paleoclimatic settings have been reconstructed for the Campanian using original oxygenisotopic analyses of well-preserved molluskan and foraminifera shells from Russian Far East, Hokkaido, USA, Belgium and some DSDP holes （95, 98, 102, 390A, and 392A） in North Atlantic. Early Early Campanian climatic optimum has been recognized from data on high bottom shelf water paleotemperatures in middle latitudes of both the western circum-Pacific （to 24.2℃） and the eastern circum-Pacific （to 26.4℃） areas and high bottom shallow water paleotemperatures in high latitudes of the Koryak Upland （22.4-25.5℃）, which agrees with the data on the Campanian Barykovskaya flora in high latitudes （Golovneva and Herman, 1998） and Jonker flora and its equivalents in middle latitudes. Judging from the data on comparatively high bottom shallow water paleotemperature values in high latitudes, South Alaska （19.4℃） and the Koryak Upland （22.4-25.5℃）, we also expect Latest Campauian temperature maximum, which has not been confirmed, however, for low and middle latitudes by neither of isotopic nor paleobotanic data now. Main dimatic tendency during the Campanian （with the exception of Latest Campanian） has been learned from isotopic composition of Campanian aragonitic ammonoid shells from the Hokkaido-South Sakhalin （Krilyon） marine basin. In contrary to Huber＇s et al. （2002） assumption, we expect warm greenhouse conditions during the most part of the Campanian.
文摘Glaciers one-time involves the citizenship in the development of a popular scientific project, which, among its objectives, aims to make the society conscious of the glacial retreat in action and to quantify the changes in the mountain landscape. All are invited to take photographs of the modern Italian glaciers with the exact points of view of historical photographs, and to make photographic comparisons. Glaciers one-time is carried out in collaboration with institutions that carry out glaciological activities. The institutional network so has the goal to cooperate together for the promotion of research within the society and the understanding of the landscape changes due to retreat of the glaciers. With the active participation of citizenship, it was possible to do a picture of glaciation to publicize the awareness of the state of health of the glaciers and to disseminate the importance of the cryosphere.
基金the UK Arts and Humanities Research Councilthe Newton Fund
文摘Highlighting the Time,Culture and Identity cross-disciplinary project conducted between the Science Museum in London,the Palace Museum in Beijing,academics at Beijing Jiaotong University and the Institute for the History of Natural Sciences,and creative industries practitioners in China and the UK,this introduction highlights the key impacts of the research.As well as creating the practical output of a digital museum experience focused on the workings of the Country Scene clock,the research brought a range of wider impacts,including a change in understanding between collaborators,capacity-building skills,research process development and a change in attitude.The papers of this supplementary issue reflect some of the range of impacts of the work of our collaborators.
文摘This survey had the aim to identify the mite fauna and mite ecologic interaction in rice culture, harvest 2010-2011, in Taquari and Cachoeirinha Counties, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The mite population was biweekly evaluated on IRGA 424 and INTA PUITA CL cultivars in four areas where randomly sampled 20 plants/area. Fluctuation, ecologic indices and correlation between species and environmental factors were calculated. A total of 1,626 mites belonging to 14 species from 12 families were collected. Of the total specimens collected, 34.56% was on IRGA 424, in Taquari, 32.47% on IRGA 424-120 and 28.35% on IRGA 424-60, in Cachoeirinha and 4.61% on 1NTA PUIT,g, CL, in Taquari. Family Ascidae showed great richness, with four species, Lasioseius sp., Lasioseius sp., Proctolaelaps sp. and Cheiroseius sp.. Schizotetranychus oryzae Rossi de Simons （86.65%） was the phytophagous mite more abundant, while among the predators Neoseiulus paraibensis （Moraes and McMurtry） （6.88%） stood out. The population peaks of S. oryzae and N. paraibensis happened on March 2011. In all evaluated areas, the correlation between S. oryzae and N. paraibensis was positive, specially on IRGA 424-120 （r = 0.93, P = 0.006）.
基金funded by the project"Identification of Parasitoids of the Citrus Leafminer and Development of Their Indoor Breeding Technology"(Project No:PJ010253012015),of the Rural Development Administration in Korea
文摘This study is aimed to investigate the occurrence of Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton （citrus leafminer; CLM）, which has recently caused increasing damage to citrus farms in southern South Korea, and its natural enemies, which can act as biological control agents. In the present study, CLM monitoring using sex pheromone traps were conducted in the major citrus farms in the Jeju region in South Korea. Also a survey of parasites was carried out to detect the effective control agent for CLM. During the investigation from 2011 to 2015, a relatively large number of adult CLM （2,386,990） were observed in the sex pheromone traps. The mean annual occurrence of CLM was 477,398, which showed an increasing trend with the increase in temperature. A survey of parasites was conducted in November 2015. Six parasites were found, of which, Quadrastichus sp. and Sympiesis sp. showed the highest rates of parasitism. The mean rate of parasitism during the survey period was 3.97 %. We discovered four new species of parasites of CLM in South Korea.
文摘Equivalent widths and line widths of Ca II infrared triplet emission lines were measured in the high-resolution optical spectra of 39 young stellar objects.We found that the equivalent widths of the emission lines decrease with stellar evolution.It has often been claimed that strong chromospheric activity is generated by a dynamo process caused by fast rotation of the photosphere.However,we found no clear correlation between the strength of the Ca II lines and the stellar rotation velocity.Instead,we found that the objects with high mass accretion rates had stronger Ca II emission lines.This correlation supports the turbulent chromosphere model or the magnetic accretion theory for classical T Tauri stars.We also noticed that the equivalent widths of Ca II lines in transitional disk objects are one-tenth of those in classical T Tauri stars,even if the masses of the circumstellar disks are comparable.
文摘The attempt has been taken to calculate the density of stars possessing quark matter core using sphere packing concept of crystallography. The quark matter has been taken as solid in nature as predicted in references 36 and 37, and due to immense gravitational pressure at the core of the star the densest packing of quarks as spheres has been assumed to calculate the packing fraction Φ, thus the density ρ of the matter. Three possible types of pickings—mono-sized sphere packing, binary sphere packing and ternary sphere packing, have been worked out using three possible types of quark matter. It has been concluded that no value about the ρ of quark matter can be calculated using binary and ternary packing conditions and for mono-sized packing condition different flavor quark matters of different values in the density have been calculated using results from the experiments done by HI, ZEUS, L3 and CDF Collaborations about the radius limit of quark. For example, for u quark matter ρ ranges from 4.0587 × 1048 - 7.40038 × 1048 MeV/c2 cm3 using results of L3 Collaboration, for s quark matter 15.91794 × 1048 - 17.6866 × 1048 MeV/c2 cm3, etc.
文摘The purpose of this paper is to evaluate control of orientation of foliations and joints on the direction of valley axes in the Stribrne Hory area in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands in central part of the Czech Republic. This area is predominantly built by metamorphic rocks. It is situated near the Pribyslav deep-seated fault. The data concerning of foliations, joints and valley axes were statistically analyzed and then visually compared according to their distribution using direction roses. Directions of valley axes have generally orientation of NNE-SSW, SE, E-W, NW and WNW and coincide with the system of foliations and ordinarily steep joints.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31672278,31702005)the Key Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2019jcyj-zdxmX0006)the Investigation Project of Basic Science and Technology(2018FY100305)to Zhisheng Zhang and Luyu Wang.
文摘Twenty-eight species in 14 genera of the family Lycosidae Sundevall,1833 are documented from Hainan Island,China,including five new species:Allotrochosina huangi Wang,Li&Zhang,sp.nov.(♂♀),Al.limu Wang,Li&Zhang,sp.nov.(♂),Arctosa hainan Wang,Li&Zhang,sp.nov.(♂♀),Ar.tangguoi Wang,Li&Zhang,sp.nov.(♂)and Zoica hainan Wang,Li&Zhang,sp.nov.(♂♀).Eight new synonyms are proposed:Arctosa danzhounensis Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=Ar.springiosa Yin,Wang,Xie&Peng,1993;Hippasa sinsiloides Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=H.holmerae Thorell,1895;Lycosa hawigvittata Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=L.vittata Yin,Bao&Zhang,1995;Pardosa daxiansongi Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=P.pusiola(Thorell,1891);P.tieshinglii Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=P.sumatrana(Thorell,1890);P.villarealae Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=P.sumatrana(Thorell,1890);Pirata sanya Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=Lysania pygmaea Thorell,1890;Pirata catindigae Barrion,Barrion-Dupo&Heong,2012 syn.nov.=Pi.subpiratica(Bösenberg&Strand,1906).The genus Allotrochosina Roewer,1960 and the species Wadicosa okinawensis(Tanaka,1985)are newly recorded from China,and Pardosa aciculifera Chen,Song&Li,2001 is recorded from Thailand for the first time.Females of Arctosa tridentata Chen&Song,1999 and Ocyale qiongzhongensis Yin&Peng,1997 are described for the first time.Morphological illustrations and photos of all species are given.
基金funding from Generalitat de Catalunya,Diputacióde Barcelona,the Barcelona Zoo Foundation,InstitucióCatalana d’Història Natural,and Institut d’Estudis Catalans.Joan Real and Roger Puig-Gironès received funding from“Centre de Monitoratge de la Biodiversitat de Muntanyes Mediterrànies(CMBMM).”。
文摘Mammal species globally exhibit distribution patterns conditioned by environmental conditions and human impact.The Mediterranean basin provides an ideal system to study these effects due to its diverse climate,and habitat conditions.In this work,we aim to assess the impact of landscape heterogeneity and anthropization degree on terrestrial mammal diversity in this region.Accordingly,we deployed over 300 camera traps across 28 sites for 3 months.Detected mammal species(weighing more than 1kg)were classified as domestic carnivores,domestic ungulates,wild carnivores,wild ungulates,lagomorphs,and large rodents.Alpha and beta diversity were calculated for each group and all wild mammals.Simple linear regressions and multimodal analysis were conducted between mammal diversities and climate,environmental conditions,landscape heterogeneity,and anthropization degree variables.Redundancy analyses were performed to identify variables and species determining the mammalian community composition.Indexes measuring landscape heterogeneity,anthropization degree,and its 30-year change did not correlate with mammal diversity.However,the difference in elevation within sites and domestic carnivore abundance showed a significant positive correlation with some of the diversity indexes.Nonetheless,rainfall and mean elevation factors generally showed the highest correlation with mammal diversity.Instead,a few influential species,including generalists and open-habitat specialists,highlighted the importance of conserving open areas,as well as the importance of the Pyrenees region as a key habitat for certain species.Therefore,climatic variables emerged as the key determinants of mammal diversity,highlighting climate change as a potential threat to mammal diversity in this area.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40176022,40276018 and 40476028).
文摘The Late Cenozoic strata are 313 m thick, revealed by the drilling core PD-99 in the south Changjiang delta. Monazite chemical dating shows that 350-500-Ma monazites predominate in the Pliocene and 100-275-Ma monazites in the Quaternary, indicating a great change of their provenance. The first presence horizon of monazites younger than 25 Ma is just above the Matruyama/Gauss boundary (~2.58 Ma), whch is exactly when uplift of the Tibetan Plateau began to influence deposition in the East China Sea. Variations in contents of monazites younger than 25 Ma can be divided into two sections. The Early-Middle Pleistocene with less <25 Ma monazites corresponds with rapid uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, and the Late Pleistocene with more <25 Ma monazites parallels the peak uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. This study demonstrates that chemical dating of monazites in the river-mouth strata is a useful method to explore changes of river drainage basins, and deconvolute multistage tectonic and magmatic activity histories in the provenance areas.
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Developing Program (Grant No.2007CB815000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10775004,10720003, 10947013, 10975008, 10975007, and 11005069)the Southwest University Initial Research Foundation Grant to Doctor (Grant No.SWU109011)
文摘Using the single particle states and the residual interaction derived from the relativistic point-coupling model with the PC-F1 parameter set,the second-order core polarization corrections to nuclear magnetic moments of LS closed shell nuclei ±1 nucleon with A = 15,17,39 and 41 are studied and compared with previous non-relativistic results.It is found that the second-order corrections are significant.With these corrections,the isovector magnetic moments of the concerned nuclei are well reproduced,especially those for A = 17 and A = 41.
