Gordon Life Science Institute is the first Internet Research Institute ever established in the world. It is a non-profit institute. Those scientists who really dedicate themselves to science and loving science more th...Gordon Life Science Institute is the first Internet Research Institute ever established in the world. It is a non-profit institute. Those scientists who really dedicate themselves to science and loving science more than anything else can become its member. In the friendly door-opened Institute, they can maximize their time and energy to engage in their scientific creativity. They have also believed that science would be more truthful and wonderful if scientists do not have to spend a lot of time on funding application, and that great scientific findings and creations in history were often made by those who were least supported or funded but driven by interesting imagination and curiosity. Recollected in this review article is its establishing and developing processes, as well as its philosophy and accomplishments. Particularly, its productive and by-productive outcomes have covered the following five very hot topics in bioinformatics and drug development: 1) PseAAC and PseKNC;2) Disported key theory;3) Wenxiang diagram;4) Multi-label system prediction;5) 5-steps rule. Their impacts on the proteomics and genomics as well as drug development are substantially and awesome.展开更多
The impacts of coronavirus to our planet <span>are</span><span "=""><span> unprecedented;</span><i><span>i.e.</span></i><span>, </span>&...The impacts of coronavirus to our planet <span>are</span><span "=""><span> unprecedented;</span><i><span>i.e.</span></i><span>, </span></span><span>they are</span><span> going to eliminate the entire mankind. Driven by such horrible situation, some philosophical viewpoints have naturally happened. Whether the “World End” must come? If yes, when? During this waiting period, the best way to do science is via the Internet Institute, such as “Gordon Life Science Institute”, and the results thus achieved will be most rewarding.</span>展开更多
Established in 2004, Gordon Life Science Institute is the first Internet Research Institute in the world. It is a non-profit institute, a gift to science. Those scientists, who are really loving science more than anyt...Established in 2004, Gordon Life Science Institute is the first Internet Research Institute in the world. It is a non-profit institute, a gift to science. Those scientists, who are really loving science more than anything else and have shown fantastic creativity in science, can become the membership of such Institute. Their driving force is not funding but firmly belief that scientists will do much better science if they do not have to spend a lot of time for funding application, and that great scientific findings in history were often discovered by those who were without funding at all but driven by profound imagination and curiosity. Summarized in this review are also the accomplishments of the Gordon Life Science Institute and its future perspective.展开更多
In this review paper, the remarkable impacts of the first Internet Institute, the Gordon Life Science Institute, as well as its profound and far-reaching influence have been systematically and comprehensively presented.
The year 2024 marked the 40th anniversary of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS),as well as the centenary of the Chinese Meteorological Society(CMS).The inaugural issue of AAS was published in 1984,initially being s...The year 2024 marked the 40th anniversary of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS),as well as the centenary of the Chinese Meteorological Society(CMS).The inaugural issue of AAS was published in 1984,initially being sponsored primarily by Chinese National Committee for the International Association of Meteorological and Atmospheric Sciences(IAMAS)and the Institute of Atmospheric Physics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.In 2006,Springer became AAS’s international publisher.Then,in 2015,the CMS joined in sponsoring AAS,and in the same year,AAS also became an affiliated journal of the IAMAS.These milestone events helped broaden the reach of AAS,culminating in the journal establishing itself as a truly international journal supporting the advancement of the atmospheric sciences.展开更多
Downregulation of the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir4.1 is a key step for inducing retinal Müller cell activation and interaction with other glial cells,which is involved in retinal ganglion cell apopt...Downregulation of the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir4.1 is a key step for inducing retinal Müller cell activation and interaction with other glial cells,which is involved in retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in glaucoma.Modulation of Kir4.1 expression in Müller cells may therefore be a potential strategy for attenuating retinal ganglion cell damage in glaucoma.In this study,we identified seven predicted phosphorylation sites in Kir4.1 and constructed lentiviral expression systems expressing Kir4.1 mutated at each site to prevent phosphorylation.Following this,we treated Müller glial cells in vitro and in vivo with the m Glu R I agonist DHPG to induce Kir4.1 or Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression.We found that both Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression inhibited activation of Müller glial cells.Subsequently,we established a rat model of chronic ocular hypertension by injecting microbeads into the anterior chamber and overexpressed Kir4.1 or Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp in the eye,and observed similar results in Müller cells in vivo as those seen in vitro.Both Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression inhibited Müller cell activation,regulated the balance of Bax/Bcl-2,and reduced the m RNA and protein levels of pro-inflammatory factors,including interleukin-1βand tumor necrosis factor-α.Furthermore,we investigated the regulatory effects of Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression on the release of pro-inflammatory factors in a co-culture system of Müller glial cells and microglia.In this co-culture system,we observed elevated adenosine triphosphate concentrations in activated Müller cells,increased levels of translocator protein(a marker of microglial activation),and elevated interleukin-1βm RNA and protein levels in microglia induced by activated Müller cells.These changes could be reversed by Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression in Müller cells.Kir4.1 overexpression,but not Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression,reduced the number of proliferative and migratory microglia induced by activated Müller cells.Collectively,these results suggest that the tyrosine residue at position nine in Kir4.1 may serve as a functional modulation site in the retina in an experimental model of glaucoma.Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression attenuated Müller cell activation,reduced ATP/P2X receptor–mediated interactions between glial cells,inhibited microglial activation,and decreased the synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory factors,consequently ameliorating retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in glaucoma.展开更多
Cryptorhynchus lapathi L.,a globally distributed wood-boring pest,significantly threatens poplar(Populus spp.)and willow(Salix spp.)trees.Entomopathogenic fungi(EPFs),particularly Beauveria bassiana(Bals.-Criv.)Vuilla...Cryptorhynchus lapathi L.,a globally distributed wood-boring pest,significantly threatens poplar(Populus spp.)and willow(Salix spp.)trees.Entomopathogenic fungi(EPFs),particularly Beauveria bassiana(Bals.-Criv.)Vuilla,play a crucial role in integrated pest management because of their broad-spectrum insecticidal properties.This study clarifies the pathogenic mechanisms of B.bassiana CFCC81428 treatment and its oil-based formulation against male and female C.lapathi adults,alongside their impacts on cumulative mortality,enzyme activity and nutrient metabolism.The results indicated that the oil-based formulation significantly enhanced B.bassiana pathogenicity,achieving cumulative mortality rates of 91.7%and 83.8%for male and female adults,respectively,with LT50 values of 7.9 and 8.7 d,markedly outperforming the B.bassiana treatment.Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the oil-based formulation improved spore adhesion to the insects'cuticle,accelerated spore germination and hyphal growth,and significantly improved cuticular penetration efficiency.Within the host,the activities of detoxification enzymes(GST and CarE)were upregulated,whereas the activities of catalase and peroxidase enzymes were suppressed.Superoxide dismutase activity remained elevated throughout most of the observation time points.Polyphenol oxidase activity significantly increased between 24 and120 h postinfection,indicating its critical role in preventing B.bassiana invasion.The infection also triggered substantial shifts in the host's nutrient metabolism,with time-dependent changes observed in carbohydrates,free fatty acids,and soluble proteins.The oil-based formulation exacerbated the depletion of these nutrients,ultimately leading to metabolic collapse.This study indicates that the oil-based formulation optimizes spore germination conditions and accelerates infection,thereby significantly increasing B.bassiana pathogenicity in C.lapathi males,whereas female adults exhibited stronger physiological and metabolic responses,providing new insights for the application of B.bassiana in the biological control of pests.展开更多
Peripheral artery disease(PAD)remains a significant global health issue,with current treatments primarily focused on relieving symptoms and addressingmacrovascular issues.However,critical immunoinflammatory mechanisms...Peripheral artery disease(PAD)remains a significant global health issue,with current treatments primarily focused on relieving symptoms and addressingmacrovascular issues.However,critical immunoinflammatory mechanisms are often overlooked.Recent evidence suggests that monocyte phenotypic plasticity plays a central role in PAD development,affecting atherogenesis,plaque progression,ischemia-reperfusion injury,and chronic ischemic remodeling.This narrative review aims to summarize the latest advances(2023-2025)in understanding monocyte diversity,functional states,and their changes throughout different stages of PAD.We discuss both established and emerging biomarkers,such as circulating monocyte subset proportions,functional assays,immune checkpoint expression,and multi-omics signatures,highlighting their potential for prognosis and the challenges in translating them to clinical practice.We also present a stage-specific approach to mapping out potential therapies,linking monocyte phenotypes to molecular targets and possible interventions.Additionally,we address regulatory,economic,and implementation considerations for applying these findings in a clinical setting.The goal of this review is to facilitate the development of targeted immunomodulatory strategies to improve limb and cardiovascular outcomes in PAD by combining mechanistic understanding with therapeutic innovation.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of Catalpa ovata fruit extract(COFE)on muscle growth and exercise performance in C2C12 myoblasts and mice.Me t h o d s:Cel l viabi l i ty was determined through a 3-(4,5-dimethylthi...Objective:To investigate the effect of Catalpa ovata fruit extract(COFE)on muscle growth and exercise performance in C2C12 myoblasts and mice.Me t h o d s:Cel l viabi l i ty was determined through a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.Myogenic differentiation was observed using Giemsa staining.COFE was administered to mice orally at 50 and 200 mg/kg for 10 weeks.Muscular strength was evaluated using the whole-limb grip strength assay.The expression levels of myogenesis-and energy metabolism-related proteins in vitro and in vivo were determined using Western blotting.Results:COFE significantly improved myoblast-to-myotube differentiation in C2C12 myoblasts.It also increased the expression of myogenesis determination protein 1 and myogenin compared with the control group.Moreover,the expression levels of glucose transporter type 4(Glut4)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1-alpha(PGC-1α)were significantly elevated in the presence of COFE in C2C12 myoblasts.COFE also markedly increased phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase,which regulates Glut4 and PGC-1αexpression levels in C2C12 myoblasts.Mice treated with COFE showed improved grip strength.Myogenesis-and energy metabolism-related protein levels in muscle tissue were significantly increased in COFE-administered mice.Conclusions:COFE treatment improves exercise performance by controlling myogenesis and energy metabolism in skeletal muscle.COFE has the potential to be used as an effective natural agent for enhancing muscular strength.展开更多
Diabetic retinopathy is a prominent cause of blindness in adults,with early retinal ganglion cell loss contributing to visual dysfunction or blindness.In the brain,defects inγ-aminobutyric acid synaptic transmission ...Diabetic retinopathy is a prominent cause of blindness in adults,with early retinal ganglion cell loss contributing to visual dysfunction or blindness.In the brain,defects inγ-aminobutyric acid synaptic transmission are associated with pathophysiological and neurodegenerative disorders,whereas glucagon-like peptide-1 has demonstrated neuroprotective effects.However,it is not yet clear whether diabetes causes alterations in inhibitory input to retinal ganglion cells and whether and how glucagon-like peptide-1 protects against neurodegeneration in the diabetic retina through regulating inhibitory synaptic transmission to retinal ganglion cells.In the present study,we used the patch-clamp technique to recordγ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor-mediated miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in retinal ganglion cells from streptozotocin-induced diabetes model rats.We found that early diabetes(4 weeks of hyperglycemia)decreased the frequency of GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in retinal ganglion cells without altering their amplitude,suggesting a reduction in the spontaneous release ofγ-aminobutyric acid to retinal ganglion cells.Topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 eyedrops over a period of 2 weeks effectively countered the hyperglycemia-induced downregulation of GABAergic mIPSC frequency,subsequently enhancing the survival of retinal ganglion cells.Concurrently,the protective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on retinal ganglion cells in diabetic rats were eliminated by topical administration of exendin-9-39,a specific glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor antagonist,or SR95531,a specific antagonist of theγ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor.Furthermore,extracellular perfusion of glucagon-like peptide-1 was found to elevate the frequencies of GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in both ON-and OFF-type retinal ganglion cells.This elevation was shown to be mediated by activation of the phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor/Ca2+/protein kinase C signaling pathway downstream of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor activation.Moreover,multielectrode array recordings revealed that glucagon-like peptide-1 functionally augmented the photoresponses of ON-type retinal ganglion cells.Optomotor response tests demonstrated that diabetic rats exhibited reductions in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity that were significantly ameliorated by topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1.These results suggest that glucagon-like peptide-1 facilitates the release ofγ-aminobutyric acid onto retinal ganglion cells through the activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor,leading to the de-excitation of retinal ganglion cell circuits and the inhibition of excitotoxic processes associated with diabetic retinopathy.Collectively,our findings indicate that theγ-aminobutyric acid system has potential as a therapeutic target for mitigating early-stage diabetic retinopathy.Furthermore,the topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 eyedrops represents a non-invasive and effective treatment approach for managing early-stage diabetic retinopathy.展开更多
Cerebral ischemia restricts cerebral blood flow(CBF),leading to unstable hemodynamics.Past studies of ischemia mainly focused on cortical CBF reduction.However,its impact on hemodynamic changes,especially temporal var...Cerebral ischemia restricts cerebral blood flow(CBF),leading to unstable hemodynamics.Past studies of ischemia mainly focused on cortical CBF reduction.However,its impact on hemodynamic changes,especially temporal varying characteristics,remains poorly understood.Here,we collected cortical resting-state CBF in rats with left carotid artery blockage during occlusion–reperfusion,and measured the temporal variability and changes in laterality using a novel state-space method.This method was also applied to stroke EEG datasets to validate its effectiveness.After arterial occlusion,the left marginal motor,sensory,auditory,and visual cortices exhibited severe temporal variability impairments.The laterality analysis indicated that affected left regions showed inferior unilateral mean,inter-hemispheric transition probability,time fraction,and laterality duration,while the right side had a higher laterality time fraction and duration.These impairments recovered partially following blood flow restoration.Besides,the ischemic state-space metrics were positively correlated with the pre-occlusion baseline appearance.Stroke patients exhibited impaired temporal variability in the affected ischemic hemisphere.The state-space analysis revealed damaged CBF temporal variability during cerebral ischemia and predicted baseline-ischemia connections.展开更多
Bat population appears is maintained as the last habitat of these species in the La Ca Pagoda(old)area of the Khmer ethnic people in Tra Vinh.Methods are interview,count individuals in the habitat,species,population,d...Bat population appears is maintained as the last habitat of these species in the La Ca Pagoda(old)area of the Khmer ethnic people in Tra Vinh.Methods are interview,count individuals in the habitat,species,population,determine the type of plants,the height of the living bats;results of the current status of species,quantity,distribution,residence and reproduction of species;impacts on 2 species of horse bats related to the conservation of horse bats;compared to previous by the Ehb function,with the parameters Hchb(Horseback bat community)the existence of the community compared to the previous time,at least 1 breeding season;Hhhb(Horse bat habitat)on living conditions;Hfhb(Horse bat food)on food sources for the community to live;Hphb(Horse bat protection)on conditions to protect the community;evaluated by score(0–1);the results the species Pteropus vampyrus decreased by 79.51%,the species Pteropus lylei increased by 6.8 times.The total number is 1239 individuals,including 1072 THB and 168 LHB.Both of these species have been recorded in previous surveys.The number of individuals counted was larger than the previous survey(1239 individuals compared to 957 individuals);the number of LHB in this survey was much smaller than the previous count(168 individuals compared to 820 individuals);the number of THB was (1072 individuals compared to 137 individuals).Using a function-based assessment method with ecologically relevant parameters can objectively assess the distribution and status of threatened populations to effectively protect their survival.展开更多
Understanding how aging influences the thermal hazards of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is critical for enhancing their safety across a wide range of applications.This study systematically investigates the thermal runawa...Understanding how aging influences the thermal hazards of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is critical for enhancing their safety across a wide range of applications.This study systematically investigates the thermal runaway(TR)behavior of LIBs,with particular emphasis on combined-pathway aging,evaluated in terms of normalized usable capacity(U_(E)).Key thermal safety parameters,i.e.,TR triggering temperature,mass loss,and heat generation under diverse aging conditions,are quantified.To enable a fair comparison,thermal hazards are evaluated based on equivalent usable capacity,revealing that aged cells exhibit lower TR triggering temperatures and higher heat generation than fresh cells under thermal abuse with elevated thermal risks.Mechanistic analysis identifies lithium plating,solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)formation,and lithium depletion,particularly under high-temperature charging,as the dominant contributors to increased hazard.Using an aging-stressor matrix,a trade-off between high-C-rateinduced thermal instability and high-temperature-induced thermal stability is discovered and quantified,underscoring the strong dependence of thermal hazards on specific aging pathways.This work advances the fundamental understanding of aging-induced safety risks in LIBs and offers practical guidance for the development of safer battery systems,optimized charging protocols,and improved battery management strategies across applications in electric vehicles,consumer electronics,and grid-scale energy storage.展开更多
Lizards usually exhibit frequent turnovers and a much greater diversity of sex determination mechanisms compared to birds and mammals,with the conserved ZW sex chromosomes of anguimorph lizards originating over 115 mi...Lizards usually exhibit frequent turnovers and a much greater diversity of sex determination mechanisms compared to birds and mammals,with the conserved ZW sex chromosomes of anguimorph lizards originating over 115 million years ago a seeming exception.We previously discovered in an anguimorph lizard Varanus acanthurus(Vac)whose entire chrW,but not chrZ is homologous to part of the chr2 by cytogenetic mapping,suggesting its complex history of sex chromosome evolution yet to be elucidated.To address this,we assemble a chromosome-level genome,and provide evidence that the Vac sex chromosome pair has undergone at least two times of recombination loss,producing a pattern of evolutionary strata like that of birds and mammals.Comparison to other lizard genomes date the stepwise propagation of specific retrotransposon subfamilies enriched near the duplicated gene pairs on the chrW and chr2 to the varanid ancestor.These retrotransposons probably have mediated the recruitment and amplification of autosomal genes on the chrW,including members of a large vomeronasal chemosensory receptor gene family V2R.Our results suggest that the W or Y chromosome as a refugium of repetitive elements,may recurrently recruit short-lived functional genes responsible for sexual dimorphisms during its long-term course of degeneration.展开更多
Proteostasis,also known as protein homeostasis,is a tightly regulated cellular quality control process that ensures the balance of protein synthesis,folding,posttranslational modifications,and degradation.Maintaining ...Proteostasis,also known as protein homeostasis,is a tightly regulated cellular quality control process that ensures the balance of protein synthesis,folding,posttranslational modifications,and degradation.Maintaining proteostasis is vital for cellular function,organismal health,and longevity.The disru ption of proteostasis can lead to a range of detrimental effects,including accelerated aging,compromised cellular function,and even cell death,manifesting in numerous human diseases(Hipp et al.,2019).展开更多
The von Neumann architecture faces significant limitations,including low transmission efficiency and high energy consumption,whenhandling large-scale data and unstructured problems.Benefiting from theinherent merits o...The von Neumann architecture faces significant limitations,including low transmission efficiency and high energy consumption,whenhandling large-scale data and unstructured problems.Benefiting from theinherent merits of optical signals including high bandwidth,near-zeroJoule heating,fast transmission speed,and immunity to electromagneticinterference,photonics provides a powerful pathway for high-speed neuromorphiccomputing.Together with the mechanical flexibility and largeareamanufacturability of organic semiconductors,organic phototransistor(OPT)-based photonic synapses have therefore attracted extensive attentionin recent years.This review provides a comprehensive overview of recentadvances in OPT-based photonic synapses,covering operational principles,active materials,advances in bidirectional photoresponse process,as wellas cutting-edge applications.Finally,the current challenges and opportunitiesin this field are highlighted.Distinct from previous reviews,this review emphasizes an in-depth exploration of bidirectional photoresponsemechanisms,a systematic dissection of material-structure-function correlations enabling integrated sensing-memory technology,and emerging.展开更多
Neurodegenerative diseases,which are characterized by progressive neuronal loss and the lack of disease-modifying therapies,are becoming a major global health challenge.The existing neuromodulation techniques,such as ...Neurodegenerative diseases,which are characterized by progressive neuronal loss and the lack of disease-modifying therapies,are becoming a major global health challenge.The existing neuromodulation techniques,such as deep brain stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation,show limitations such as invasiveness,restricted cortical targeting,and irreversible tissue effects.In this context,low-intensity transcranial ultrasound has emerged as a promising noninvasive alternative that can penetrate deep into the brain and modulate neuroplasticity.This review comprehensively assesses the therapeutic mechanisms,efficacy,and translational potential of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound in treating neurodegenerative diseases,with emphasis on its role in promoting neuronal regeneration,modulating neuroinflammation,and enhancing functional recovery.We summarize the findings of previous studies and systematically illustrate the potential of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound in regulating cell death mechanisms,enhancing neural repair and regeneration,and alleviating symptoms associated with neurodegenerative diseases.Preclinical findings indicate that low-intensity transcranial ultrasound can enhance the release of neurotrophic factors(e.g.,brain-derived neurotrophic factor),promote autophagy to clear protein aggregates,modulate microglial activation,and temporarily open the blood-brain barrier to facilitate targeted drug delivery.Existing clinical trial data show that low-intensity transcranial ultrasound can reduce amyloid-βplaques,improve motor and cognitive deficits,and promote remyelination in various disease models.Early clinical trials suggest that low-intensity transcranial ultrasound may enhance cognitive scores in Alzheimer’s disease and alleviate motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease,all while demonstrating a favorable safety profile.Past studies support the notion that by integrating safety,precision,and reversibility,low-intensity transcranial ultrasound can transform the treatment landscape for neurodegenerative disease.However,more advancements are necessary for future clinical application of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound,including optimizing parameters such as frequency,intensity,and duty cycle;considering individual anatomical differences;and confirming long-term efficacy.We believe establishing standardized protocols,conducting larger trials,and investigating the underlying mechanisms to clarify dose-response relationships and refine personalized application strategies are essential in this regard.Future research should focus on translating preclinical findings into clinical practice,addressing technical challenges,and exploring combination therapies with pharmacological or gene interventions.展开更多
A deep neural network(DNN)was developed to accurately predict the nuclear charge density distributions for nuclei with proton numbers Z≥8.By incorporating essential nuclear structure features,the model achieved a sig...A deep neural network(DNN)was developed to accurately predict the nuclear charge density distributions for nuclei with proton numbers Z≥8.By incorporating essential nuclear structure features,the model achieved a significant improvement in predictive accuracy over conventional methods.The charge density distributions were analyzed using a Fourier-Bessel(FB)series expansion,and the DNN was trained on a comprehensive dataset derived from relativistic continuum Hartree-Bogoliubov(RCHB)theory calculations.The model demonstrated exceptional performance,with root-mean-square deviations of 0.0123fm and 0.0198 fm for the charge radii on the training and validation sets,respectively,which remarkably surpassed the precision of the original RCHB calculations.In addition to advancing nuclear physics research,this high-precision model provides critical data for applications in atomic physics,nuclear astrophysics,and related fields.展开更多
The study aimed at predicting potential suitable areas with national key reserve Orchidaceae plants in Heilongjiang province and conducive to plant protection.The distribution point data of six Orchidaceae plants and ...The study aimed at predicting potential suitable areas with national key reserve Orchidaceae plants in Heilongjiang province and conducive to plant protection.The distribution point data of six Orchidaceae plants and 19 bioclimatic variables were selected,and the environmental factors required for modeling were screened out by pearson correlation analysis and variance inflation factor(VIF)analysis.The potential suitable areas of Orchidaceae plants were predictat present and under different climate scenarios in 2090s by using geographic information system(GIS)and Maximum Entropy Model(MaxEnt).And then evaluated the prediction accuracy of the MaxEnt model using the AUC value,the TSS value and the Kappa value.The results showed that:1)The area under curve(AUC)values,true skill statistics(TSS)values and KAPPA values predicted by MaxEnt model were separately above 0.9,0.85 and 0.75.2)Under the climate scenario at present,the total suitable area of Orchidaceae plants was about 9.61×10^(6)km^(2),which was mainly distributed in Heilongjiang province.Among them,the high-suitable area of Cypripedium shanxiense S.C.Chen was the largest,the non-suitable area of Cypripedium guttatum Sw was the largest.3)Under different climate scenarios in 2090s,the total suitable area was slightly increasing(9.62×10^(6)km^(2)).Among them,Cypripedium shanxiense S.C.Chen and Gastrodiae Rhizoma both showed the trend of expansion to the southwest,China,and the suitable areas expanded significantly.Comprehensive factor analysis showed that temperature and precipitation were the main bioclimatic variables of suitable areas distribution,and the low emission scenario(SSP 2-4.5)will be more conducive to the survival of Orchidaceae plants.展开更多
With the rapid development of transportation infrastructure,ensuring road safety through timely and accurate highway inspection has become increasingly critical.Traditional manual inspection methods are not only time-...With the rapid development of transportation infrastructure,ensuring road safety through timely and accurate highway inspection has become increasingly critical.Traditional manual inspection methods are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive,but they also struggle to provide consistent,high-precision detection and realtime monitoring of pavement surface defects.To overcome these limitations,we propose an Automatic Recognition of PavementDefect(ARPD)algorithm,which leverages unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-based aerial imagery to automate the inspection process.The ARPD framework incorporates a backbone network based on the Selective State Space Model(S3M),which is designed to capture long-range temporal dependencies.This enables effective modeling of dynamic correlations among redundant and often repetitive structures commonly found in road imagery.Furthermore,a neck structure based on Semantics and Detail Infusion(SDI)is introduced to guide cross-scale feature fusion.The SDI module enhances the integration of low-level spatial details with high-level semantic cues,thereby improving feature expressiveness and defect localization accuracy.Experimental evaluations demonstrate that theARPDalgorithm achieves a mean average precision(mAP)of 86.1%on a custom-labeled pavement defect dataset,outperforming the state-of-the-art YOLOv11 segmentation model.The algorithm also maintains strong generalization ability on public datasets.These results confirm that ARPD is well-suited for diverse real-world applications in intelligent,large-scale highway defect monitoring and maintenance planning.展开更多
文摘Gordon Life Science Institute is the first Internet Research Institute ever established in the world. It is a non-profit institute. Those scientists who really dedicate themselves to science and loving science more than anything else can become its member. In the friendly door-opened Institute, they can maximize their time and energy to engage in their scientific creativity. They have also believed that science would be more truthful and wonderful if scientists do not have to spend a lot of time on funding application, and that great scientific findings and creations in history were often made by those who were least supported or funded but driven by interesting imagination and curiosity. Recollected in this review article is its establishing and developing processes, as well as its philosophy and accomplishments. Particularly, its productive and by-productive outcomes have covered the following five very hot topics in bioinformatics and drug development: 1) PseAAC and PseKNC;2) Disported key theory;3) Wenxiang diagram;4) Multi-label system prediction;5) 5-steps rule. Their impacts on the proteomics and genomics as well as drug development are substantially and awesome.
文摘The impacts of coronavirus to our planet <span>are</span><span "=""><span> unprecedented;</span><i><span>i.e.</span></i><span>, </span></span><span>they are</span><span> going to eliminate the entire mankind. Driven by such horrible situation, some philosophical viewpoints have naturally happened. Whether the “World End” must come? If yes, when? During this waiting period, the best way to do science is via the Internet Institute, such as “Gordon Life Science Institute”, and the results thus achieved will be most rewarding.</span>
文摘Established in 2004, Gordon Life Science Institute is the first Internet Research Institute in the world. It is a non-profit institute, a gift to science. Those scientists, who are really loving science more than anything else and have shown fantastic creativity in science, can become the membership of such Institute. Their driving force is not funding but firmly belief that scientists will do much better science if they do not have to spend a lot of time for funding application, and that great scientific findings in history were often discovered by those who were without funding at all but driven by profound imagination and curiosity. Summarized in this review are also the accomplishments of the Gordon Life Science Institute and its future perspective.
文摘In this review paper, the remarkable impacts of the first Internet Institute, the Gordon Life Science Institute, as well as its profound and far-reaching influence have been systematically and comprehensively presented.
文摘The year 2024 marked the 40th anniversary of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS),as well as the centenary of the Chinese Meteorological Society(CMS).The inaugural issue of AAS was published in 1984,initially being sponsored primarily by Chinese National Committee for the International Association of Meteorological and Atmospheric Sciences(IAMAS)and the Institute of Atmospheric Physics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.In 2006,Springer became AAS’s international publisher.Then,in 2015,the CMS joined in sponsoring AAS,and in the same year,AAS also became an affiliated journal of the IAMAS.These milestone events helped broaden the reach of AAS,culminating in the journal establishing itself as a truly international journal supporting the advancement of the atmospheric sciences.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32271043(to ZW)and 82171047(to YM)the both Science and Technology Major Project of Shanghai,No.2018SHZDZX01 and ZJLabShanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology(to ZW)。
文摘Downregulation of the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir4.1 is a key step for inducing retinal Müller cell activation and interaction with other glial cells,which is involved in retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in glaucoma.Modulation of Kir4.1 expression in Müller cells may therefore be a potential strategy for attenuating retinal ganglion cell damage in glaucoma.In this study,we identified seven predicted phosphorylation sites in Kir4.1 and constructed lentiviral expression systems expressing Kir4.1 mutated at each site to prevent phosphorylation.Following this,we treated Müller glial cells in vitro and in vivo with the m Glu R I agonist DHPG to induce Kir4.1 or Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression.We found that both Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression inhibited activation of Müller glial cells.Subsequently,we established a rat model of chronic ocular hypertension by injecting microbeads into the anterior chamber and overexpressed Kir4.1 or Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp in the eye,and observed similar results in Müller cells in vivo as those seen in vitro.Both Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression inhibited Müller cell activation,regulated the balance of Bax/Bcl-2,and reduced the m RNA and protein levels of pro-inflammatory factors,including interleukin-1βand tumor necrosis factor-α.Furthermore,we investigated the regulatory effects of Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression on the release of pro-inflammatory factors in a co-culture system of Müller glial cells and microglia.In this co-culture system,we observed elevated adenosine triphosphate concentrations in activated Müller cells,increased levels of translocator protein(a marker of microglial activation),and elevated interleukin-1βm RNA and protein levels in microglia induced by activated Müller cells.These changes could be reversed by Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression in Müller cells.Kir4.1 overexpression,but not Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression,reduced the number of proliferative and migratory microglia induced by activated Müller cells.Collectively,these results suggest that the tyrosine residue at position nine in Kir4.1 may serve as a functional modulation site in the retina in an experimental model of glaucoma.Kir4.1 and Kir4.1 Tyr^(9)Asp overexpression attenuated Müller cell activation,reduced ATP/P2X receptor–mediated interactions between glial cells,inhibited microglial activation,and decreased the synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory factors,consequently ameliorating retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in glaucoma.
基金supported by the“Applied Technology Research and Development Project of Heilongjiang Province(GA20B401-2)”“The Key Research and Development Project of Heilongjiang Province(2023ZX02B05)”。
文摘Cryptorhynchus lapathi L.,a globally distributed wood-boring pest,significantly threatens poplar(Populus spp.)and willow(Salix spp.)trees.Entomopathogenic fungi(EPFs),particularly Beauveria bassiana(Bals.-Criv.)Vuilla,play a crucial role in integrated pest management because of their broad-spectrum insecticidal properties.This study clarifies the pathogenic mechanisms of B.bassiana CFCC81428 treatment and its oil-based formulation against male and female C.lapathi adults,alongside their impacts on cumulative mortality,enzyme activity and nutrient metabolism.The results indicated that the oil-based formulation significantly enhanced B.bassiana pathogenicity,achieving cumulative mortality rates of 91.7%and 83.8%for male and female adults,respectively,with LT50 values of 7.9 and 8.7 d,markedly outperforming the B.bassiana treatment.Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the oil-based formulation improved spore adhesion to the insects'cuticle,accelerated spore germination and hyphal growth,and significantly improved cuticular penetration efficiency.Within the host,the activities of detoxification enzymes(GST and CarE)were upregulated,whereas the activities of catalase and peroxidase enzymes were suppressed.Superoxide dismutase activity remained elevated throughout most of the observation time points.Polyphenol oxidase activity significantly increased between 24 and120 h postinfection,indicating its critical role in preventing B.bassiana invasion.The infection also triggered substantial shifts in the host's nutrient metabolism,with time-dependent changes observed in carbohydrates,free fatty acids,and soluble proteins.The oil-based formulation exacerbated the depletion of these nutrients,ultimately leading to metabolic collapse.This study indicates that the oil-based formulation optimizes spore germination conditions and accelerates infection,thereby significantly increasing B.bassiana pathogenicity in C.lapathi males,whereas female adults exhibited stronger physiological and metabolic responses,providing new insights for the application of B.bassiana in the biological control of pests.
文摘Peripheral artery disease(PAD)remains a significant global health issue,with current treatments primarily focused on relieving symptoms and addressingmacrovascular issues.However,critical immunoinflammatory mechanisms are often overlooked.Recent evidence suggests that monocyte phenotypic plasticity plays a central role in PAD development,affecting atherogenesis,plaque progression,ischemia-reperfusion injury,and chronic ischemic remodeling.This narrative review aims to summarize the latest advances(2023-2025)in understanding monocyte diversity,functional states,and their changes throughout different stages of PAD.We discuss both established and emerging biomarkers,such as circulating monocyte subset proportions,functional assays,immune checkpoint expression,and multi-omics signatures,highlighting their potential for prognosis and the challenges in translating them to clinical practice.We also present a stage-specific approach to mapping out potential therapies,linking monocyte phenotypes to molecular targets and possible interventions.Additionally,we address regulatory,economic,and implementation considerations for applying these findings in a clinical setting.The goal of this review is to facilitate the development of targeted immunomodulatory strategies to improve limb and cardiovascular outcomes in PAD by combining mechanistic understanding with therapeutic innovation.
基金supported by Project to Make Multi-Ministerial National Biological Research Resources More Advanced Program,Korea Environment Industry&Technology Institute,and funded by Korea Ministry of Environment(grant number RS-2023-00230403).
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of Catalpa ovata fruit extract(COFE)on muscle growth and exercise performance in C2C12 myoblasts and mice.Me t h o d s:Cel l viabi l i ty was determined through a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.Myogenic differentiation was observed using Giemsa staining.COFE was administered to mice orally at 50 and 200 mg/kg for 10 weeks.Muscular strength was evaluated using the whole-limb grip strength assay.The expression levels of myogenesis-and energy metabolism-related proteins in vitro and in vivo were determined using Western blotting.Results:COFE significantly improved myoblast-to-myotube differentiation in C2C12 myoblasts.It also increased the expression of myogenesis determination protein 1 and myogenin compared with the control group.Moreover,the expression levels of glucose transporter type 4(Glut4)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1-alpha(PGC-1α)were significantly elevated in the presence of COFE in C2C12 myoblasts.COFE also markedly increased phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase,which regulates Glut4 and PGC-1αexpression levels in C2C12 myoblasts.Mice treated with COFE showed improved grip strength.Myogenesis-and energy metabolism-related protein levels in muscle tissue were significantly increased in COFE-administered mice.Conclusions:COFE treatment improves exercise performance by controlling myogenesis and energy metabolism in skeletal muscle.COFE has the potential to be used as an effective natural agent for enhancing muscular strength.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32070989(to YMZ),31872766(to YMZ),81790640(to XLY),and 82070993(to SJW)the grant from Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen,No.SZSM202011015(to XLY)。
文摘Diabetic retinopathy is a prominent cause of blindness in adults,with early retinal ganglion cell loss contributing to visual dysfunction or blindness.In the brain,defects inγ-aminobutyric acid synaptic transmission are associated with pathophysiological and neurodegenerative disorders,whereas glucagon-like peptide-1 has demonstrated neuroprotective effects.However,it is not yet clear whether diabetes causes alterations in inhibitory input to retinal ganglion cells and whether and how glucagon-like peptide-1 protects against neurodegeneration in the diabetic retina through regulating inhibitory synaptic transmission to retinal ganglion cells.In the present study,we used the patch-clamp technique to recordγ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor-mediated miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in retinal ganglion cells from streptozotocin-induced diabetes model rats.We found that early diabetes(4 weeks of hyperglycemia)decreased the frequency of GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in retinal ganglion cells without altering their amplitude,suggesting a reduction in the spontaneous release ofγ-aminobutyric acid to retinal ganglion cells.Topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 eyedrops over a period of 2 weeks effectively countered the hyperglycemia-induced downregulation of GABAergic mIPSC frequency,subsequently enhancing the survival of retinal ganglion cells.Concurrently,the protective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on retinal ganglion cells in diabetic rats were eliminated by topical administration of exendin-9-39,a specific glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor antagonist,or SR95531,a specific antagonist of theγ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor.Furthermore,extracellular perfusion of glucagon-like peptide-1 was found to elevate the frequencies of GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in both ON-and OFF-type retinal ganglion cells.This elevation was shown to be mediated by activation of the phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C/inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor/Ca2+/protein kinase C signaling pathway downstream of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor activation.Moreover,multielectrode array recordings revealed that glucagon-like peptide-1 functionally augmented the photoresponses of ON-type retinal ganglion cells.Optomotor response tests demonstrated that diabetic rats exhibited reductions in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity that were significantly ameliorated by topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1.These results suggest that glucagon-like peptide-1 facilitates the release ofγ-aminobutyric acid onto retinal ganglion cells through the activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor,leading to the de-excitation of retinal ganglion cell circuits and the inhibition of excitotoxic processes associated with diabetic retinopathy.Collectively,our findings indicate that theγ-aminobutyric acid system has potential as a therapeutic target for mitigating early-stage diabetic retinopathy.Furthermore,the topical administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 eyedrops represents a non-invasive and effective treatment approach for managing early-stage diabetic retinopathy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82250410380 and 62171101)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(24NSFSC6257)the China MOST2030 Brain Project(2022ZD0208500).
文摘Cerebral ischemia restricts cerebral blood flow(CBF),leading to unstable hemodynamics.Past studies of ischemia mainly focused on cortical CBF reduction.However,its impact on hemodynamic changes,especially temporal varying characteristics,remains poorly understood.Here,we collected cortical resting-state CBF in rats with left carotid artery blockage during occlusion–reperfusion,and measured the temporal variability and changes in laterality using a novel state-space method.This method was also applied to stroke EEG datasets to validate its effectiveness.After arterial occlusion,the left marginal motor,sensory,auditory,and visual cortices exhibited severe temporal variability impairments.The laterality analysis indicated that affected left regions showed inferior unilateral mean,inter-hemispheric transition probability,time fraction,and laterality duration,while the right side had a higher laterality time fraction and duration.These impairments recovered partially following blood flow restoration.Besides,the ischemic state-space metrics were positively correlated with the pre-occlusion baseline appearance.Stroke patients exhibited impaired temporal variability in the affected ischemic hemisphere.The state-space analysis revealed damaged CBF temporal variability during cerebral ischemia and predicted baseline-ischemia connections.
文摘Bat population appears is maintained as the last habitat of these species in the La Ca Pagoda(old)area of the Khmer ethnic people in Tra Vinh.Methods are interview,count individuals in the habitat,species,population,determine the type of plants,the height of the living bats;results of the current status of species,quantity,distribution,residence and reproduction of species;impacts on 2 species of horse bats related to the conservation of horse bats;compared to previous by the Ehb function,with the parameters Hchb(Horseback bat community)the existence of the community compared to the previous time,at least 1 breeding season;Hhhb(Horse bat habitat)on living conditions;Hfhb(Horse bat food)on food sources for the community to live;Hphb(Horse bat protection)on conditions to protect the community;evaluated by score(0–1);the results the species Pteropus vampyrus decreased by 79.51%,the species Pteropus lylei increased by 6.8 times.The total number is 1239 individuals,including 1072 THB and 168 LHB.Both of these species have been recorded in previous surveys.The number of individuals counted was larger than the previous survey(1239 individuals compared to 957 individuals);the number of LHB in this survey was much smaller than the previous count(168 individuals compared to 820 individuals);the number of THB was (1072 individuals compared to 137 individuals).Using a function-based assessment method with ecologically relevant parameters can objectively assess the distribution and status of threatened populations to effectively protect their survival.
文摘Understanding how aging influences the thermal hazards of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is critical for enhancing their safety across a wide range of applications.This study systematically investigates the thermal runaway(TR)behavior of LIBs,with particular emphasis on combined-pathway aging,evaluated in terms of normalized usable capacity(U_(E)).Key thermal safety parameters,i.e.,TR triggering temperature,mass loss,and heat generation under diverse aging conditions,are quantified.To enable a fair comparison,thermal hazards are evaluated based on equivalent usable capacity,revealing that aged cells exhibit lower TR triggering temperatures and higher heat generation than fresh cells under thermal abuse with elevated thermal risks.Mechanistic analysis identifies lithium plating,solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)formation,and lithium depletion,particularly under high-temperature charging,as the dominant contributors to increased hazard.Using an aging-stressor matrix,a trade-off between high-C-rateinduced thermal instability and high-temperature-induced thermal stability is discovered and quantified,underscoring the strong dependence of thermal hazards on specific aging pathways.This work advances the fundamental understanding of aging-induced safety risks in LIBs and offers practical guidance for the development of safer battery systems,optimized charging protocols,and improved battery management strategies across applications in electric vehicles,consumer electronics,and grid-scale energy storage.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFA1800500,2024YFA1802500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170415)+1 种基金supported by the Australian Government Research Training Program(RTP)stipend scholarship.supported by the Australian Research Council Discovery Project grant(ARC DP200101406).
文摘Lizards usually exhibit frequent turnovers and a much greater diversity of sex determination mechanisms compared to birds and mammals,with the conserved ZW sex chromosomes of anguimorph lizards originating over 115 million years ago a seeming exception.We previously discovered in an anguimorph lizard Varanus acanthurus(Vac)whose entire chrW,but not chrZ is homologous to part of the chr2 by cytogenetic mapping,suggesting its complex history of sex chromosome evolution yet to be elucidated.To address this,we assemble a chromosome-level genome,and provide evidence that the Vac sex chromosome pair has undergone at least two times of recombination loss,producing a pattern of evolutionary strata like that of birds and mammals.Comparison to other lizard genomes date the stepwise propagation of specific retrotransposon subfamilies enriched near the duplicated gene pairs on the chrW and chr2 to the varanid ancestor.These retrotransposons probably have mediated the recruitment and amplification of autosomal genes on the chrW,including members of a large vomeronasal chemosensory receptor gene family V2R.Our results suggest that the W or Y chromosome as a refugium of repetitive elements,may recurrently recruit short-lived functional genes responsible for sexual dimorphisms during its long-term course of degeneration.
基金supported by a grant of the Korea Dementia Research Project through the Korea Dementia Research Center (RS-2022-KH126506 to JSL)the ABC-based Regenerative BioTherapeutics(ABC project) grant (RS-2024-00426031 to JSL)NRF Grant (2022R1A2C3013138 to HR,RS-2024-00449723 to JGL) funded by the Korea government (the Ministry of Health&Welfare,Ministry of Science and ICT,Ministry of Education)
文摘Proteostasis,also known as protein homeostasis,is a tightly regulated cellular quality control process that ensures the balance of protein synthesis,folding,posttranslational modifications,and degradation.Maintaining proteostasis is vital for cellular function,organismal health,and longevity.The disru ption of proteostasis can lead to a range of detrimental effects,including accelerated aging,compromised cellular function,and even cell death,manifesting in numerous human diseases(Hipp et al.,2019).
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22222205,52173176)the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao(No.0063/2024/RIA1)+1 种基金the Suzhou Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Intelligent Matter(Grant SZS2022011)supported by the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technology。
文摘The von Neumann architecture faces significant limitations,including low transmission efficiency and high energy consumption,whenhandling large-scale data and unstructured problems.Benefiting from theinherent merits of optical signals including high bandwidth,near-zeroJoule heating,fast transmission speed,and immunity to electromagneticinterference,photonics provides a powerful pathway for high-speed neuromorphiccomputing.Together with the mechanical flexibility and largeareamanufacturability of organic semiconductors,organic phototransistor(OPT)-based photonic synapses have therefore attracted extensive attentionin recent years.This review provides a comprehensive overview of recentadvances in OPT-based photonic synapses,covering operational principles,active materials,advances in bidirectional photoresponse process,as wellas cutting-edge applications.Finally,the current challenges and opportunitiesin this field are highlighted.Distinct from previous reviews,this review emphasizes an in-depth exploration of bidirectional photoresponsemechanisms,a systematic dissection of material-structure-function correlations enabling integrated sensing-memory technology,and emerging.
基金supported by STI2030-Major Project,No,2021ZD0204200(to LX).
文摘Neurodegenerative diseases,which are characterized by progressive neuronal loss and the lack of disease-modifying therapies,are becoming a major global health challenge.The existing neuromodulation techniques,such as deep brain stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation,show limitations such as invasiveness,restricted cortical targeting,and irreversible tissue effects.In this context,low-intensity transcranial ultrasound has emerged as a promising noninvasive alternative that can penetrate deep into the brain and modulate neuroplasticity.This review comprehensively assesses the therapeutic mechanisms,efficacy,and translational potential of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound in treating neurodegenerative diseases,with emphasis on its role in promoting neuronal regeneration,modulating neuroinflammation,and enhancing functional recovery.We summarize the findings of previous studies and systematically illustrate the potential of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound in regulating cell death mechanisms,enhancing neural repair and regeneration,and alleviating symptoms associated with neurodegenerative diseases.Preclinical findings indicate that low-intensity transcranial ultrasound can enhance the release of neurotrophic factors(e.g.,brain-derived neurotrophic factor),promote autophagy to clear protein aggregates,modulate microglial activation,and temporarily open the blood-brain barrier to facilitate targeted drug delivery.Existing clinical trial data show that low-intensity transcranial ultrasound can reduce amyloid-βplaques,improve motor and cognitive deficits,and promote remyelination in various disease models.Early clinical trials suggest that low-intensity transcranial ultrasound may enhance cognitive scores in Alzheimer’s disease and alleviate motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease,all while demonstrating a favorable safety profile.Past studies support the notion that by integrating safety,precision,and reversibility,low-intensity transcranial ultrasound can transform the treatment landscape for neurodegenerative disease.However,more advancements are necessary for future clinical application of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound,including optimizing parameters such as frequency,intensity,and duty cycle;considering individual anatomical differences;and confirming long-term efficacy.We believe establishing standardized protocols,conducting larger trials,and investigating the underlying mechanisms to clarify dose-response relationships and refine personalized application strategies are essential in this regard.Future research should focus on translating preclinical findings into clinical practice,addressing technical challenges,and exploring combination therapies with pharmacological or gene interventions.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12475119)the Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data Foundation(JCKY2025201C154)the JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(S)(No.20H05648)。
文摘A deep neural network(DNN)was developed to accurately predict the nuclear charge density distributions for nuclei with proton numbers Z≥8.By incorporating essential nuclear structure features,the model achieved a significant improvement in predictive accuracy over conventional methods.The charge density distributions were analyzed using a Fourier-Bessel(FB)series expansion,and the DNN was trained on a comprehensive dataset derived from relativistic continuum Hartree-Bogoliubov(RCHB)theory calculations.The model demonstrated exceptional performance,with root-mean-square deviations of 0.0123fm and 0.0198 fm for the charge radii on the training and validation sets,respectively,which remarkably surpassed the precision of the original RCHB calculations.In addition to advancing nuclear physics research,this high-precision model provides critical data for applications in atomic physics,nuclear astrophysics,and related fields.
基金funded by Project of Scientific Research Business Expenses of Provincial Scientific Research Institutes in Heilongjiang Province(No.CZKYF2023-1-B024)Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences Dean Fund Project(No.YZ2022ZR02)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China(No.2019FY100500)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2572023CT11).
文摘The study aimed at predicting potential suitable areas with national key reserve Orchidaceae plants in Heilongjiang province and conducive to plant protection.The distribution point data of six Orchidaceae plants and 19 bioclimatic variables were selected,and the environmental factors required for modeling were screened out by pearson correlation analysis and variance inflation factor(VIF)analysis.The potential suitable areas of Orchidaceae plants were predictat present and under different climate scenarios in 2090s by using geographic information system(GIS)and Maximum Entropy Model(MaxEnt).And then evaluated the prediction accuracy of the MaxEnt model using the AUC value,the TSS value and the Kappa value.The results showed that:1)The area under curve(AUC)values,true skill statistics(TSS)values and KAPPA values predicted by MaxEnt model were separately above 0.9,0.85 and 0.75.2)Under the climate scenario at present,the total suitable area of Orchidaceae plants was about 9.61×10^(6)km^(2),which was mainly distributed in Heilongjiang province.Among them,the high-suitable area of Cypripedium shanxiense S.C.Chen was the largest,the non-suitable area of Cypripedium guttatum Sw was the largest.3)Under different climate scenarios in 2090s,the total suitable area was slightly increasing(9.62×10^(6)km^(2)).Among them,Cypripedium shanxiense S.C.Chen and Gastrodiae Rhizoma both showed the trend of expansion to the southwest,China,and the suitable areas expanded significantly.Comprehensive factor analysis showed that temperature and precipitation were the main bioclimatic variables of suitable areas distribution,and the low emission scenario(SSP 2-4.5)will be more conducive to the survival of Orchidaceae plants.
基金supported in part by the Technical Service for the Development and Application of an Intelligent Visual Management Platformfor Expressway Construction Progress Based on BIM Technology(grant NO.JKYZLX-2023-09)in partby the Technical Service for the Development of an Early Warning Model in the Research and Application of Key Technologies for Tunnel Operation Safety Monitoring and Early Warning Based on Digital Twin(grant NO.JK-S02-ZNGS-202412-JISHU-FA-0035)sponsored by Yunnan Transportation Science Research Institute Co.,Ltd.
文摘With the rapid development of transportation infrastructure,ensuring road safety through timely and accurate highway inspection has become increasingly critical.Traditional manual inspection methods are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive,but they also struggle to provide consistent,high-precision detection and realtime monitoring of pavement surface defects.To overcome these limitations,we propose an Automatic Recognition of PavementDefect(ARPD)algorithm,which leverages unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-based aerial imagery to automate the inspection process.The ARPD framework incorporates a backbone network based on the Selective State Space Model(S3M),which is designed to capture long-range temporal dependencies.This enables effective modeling of dynamic correlations among redundant and often repetitive structures commonly found in road imagery.Furthermore,a neck structure based on Semantics and Detail Infusion(SDI)is introduced to guide cross-scale feature fusion.The SDI module enhances the integration of low-level spatial details with high-level semantic cues,thereby improving feature expressiveness and defect localization accuracy.Experimental evaluations demonstrate that theARPDalgorithm achieves a mean average precision(mAP)of 86.1%on a custom-labeled pavement defect dataset,outperforming the state-of-the-art YOLOv11 segmentation model.The algorithm also maintains strong generalization ability on public datasets.These results confirm that ARPD is well-suited for diverse real-world applications in intelligent,large-scale highway defect monitoring and maintenance planning.
