The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Panoramic Virtual Reality(PVR)applied to online earth science classes on students’learning flow.To this end,a PVR learning material was made with a geology le...The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Panoramic Virtual Reality(PVR)applied to online earth science classes on students’learning flow.To this end,a PVR learning material was made with a geology learning site,which contains a core geologic concept contained in a high school curriculum in Korea.To this end,a PVR learning material was made at a geologic field site to provide an interactive and engaging way for students to grasp core geologic concepts according to the high school curriculum in Korea.The PVR was applied to online earth science classes with 45 high school students.In order to examine the effect of the PVR on students'learning flow,pre-post learning flow test papers were used,then matchedsample t-test analysis and students'responses were analyzed.The result shows online classes with PVR have positive effects on learning flow(p<0.05).And it was possible for the students to observe three-dimensional geologic structures effectively in online classes as in offline field trips.And the students'responded with positive feedbacks.These suggest that PVR in online classes can be used as an effective teaching method,which can improve students'flow and eventually understanding subjects.展开更多
An international survey of school-level geoscience education acquired data from 32 countries across the globe.Whilst the data is likely to be biased towards those countries which have geoscience educators active enoug...An international survey of school-level geoscience education acquired data from 32 countries across the globe.Whilst the data is likely to be biased towards those countries which have geoscience educators active enough to respond to the questionnaire survey,the data nevertheless shows that geoscience is taught in a wide variety of contexts across the world,linked to science,geography or both.The majority of children in the countries surveyed had compulsory geoscience education in their curricula,had national standards in geoscience education,and covered a reasonable level of geoscience terminology in their studies.展开更多
The digital-intelligent era presents both opportunities and challenges for specialized course education in universities.Based on the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education,this study takes the course“...The digital-intelligent era presents both opportunities and challenges for specialized course education in universities.Based on the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education,this study takes the course“Design and Guidance of Science Play Performance Activities”as an example to explore practical pathways for integrating ideological and political education into specialized courses within a digital-intelligent context.Employing literature review and action research methodologies,the study constructs a digital-intelligent teaching model,develops digital ideological and political resources,innovates teaching methods,and systematically identifies and deeply integrates ideological and political elements into the curriculum.Through practical validation,the research summarizes a curriculum design framework grounded in Tyler’s principles and a digital-intelligent teaching model based on BOPPPS,providing transferable pathways for ideological and political education in specialized courses.Furthermore,it offers theoretical support and practical references for the deep integration and innovative application of digital-intelligent technologies in education.展开更多
1 | BACKGROUND.A decade ago we asked the question, “Is there something inmedicine that is eternal or enduring?” Our aim was to writea manuscript entitled, “That which does not change inmedicine.” The publication b...1 | BACKGROUND.A decade ago we asked the question, “Is there something inmedicine that is eternal or enduring?” Our aim was to writea manuscript entitled, “That which does not change inmedicine.” The publication begins as follows: “The practiceof medicine involves continual change, driven by a constantstream of developments in the understanding of biologicalstructure and function relevant to human diseases, and theparallel improvements in pharmacologic and other technologicalinterventions. This change is also driven by evolvingsocial philosophies, ethical trends, and lifestyles.” [1] Thatpreamble reverberates as strongly now as then, perhapseven more so, given the velocity of technological change.When we deliberated on which aspects of medical practiceshould remain stable, we had few premonitions thatimplantable chips, robotic surgery, virtual reality, andartificial intelligence (AI) would soon become ubiquitous.The needle has clearly moved, propelled by extraordinaryadvances in bioengineering, computer and data sciences;major shifts in the governance and organization of clinicalpractice;and powerful sociocultural trends.展开更多
Introduction.The International Union of Geological Sciences(IUGS)is a prominent non-governmental organization dedicated to promoting and fostering the study of geological sciences internationally.Established in 1961,t...Introduction.The International Union of Geological Sciences(IUGS)is a prominent non-governmental organization dedicated to promoting and fostering the study of geological sciences internationally.Established in 1961,the IUGS is a member of the International Science Council and plays a pivotal role in setting global standards in geological sciences,facilitating international collaboration,and supporting the coordination of major global geological events and research initiatives(Cheong and Kim,2021).One of the key events organized by the IUGS is the International Geological Congress(IGC),held every four years.This congress serves as a vital forum for geologists from around the world to share their latest research findings,discuss advancements in the field,and explore new directions in geological sciences.The IGC encompasses a wide range of topics including geology,geophysics,mineralogy,paleontology,and sedimentology,among others,reflecting the diversity and interdisciplinary nature of the field(Cheong and Kim,2021).展开更多
Because of their low electrical conductivity,sluggish ion diffusion,and poor stability,conventional electrode materials are not able to meet the growing demands of energy storage and portable devices.Graphene assemble...Because of their low electrical conductivity,sluggish ion diffusion,and poor stability,conventional electrode materials are not able to meet the growing demands of energy storage and portable devices.Graphene assembled films(GAFs)formed from graphene nanosheets have an ultrahigh conductivity,a unique 2D network structure,and exceptional mechanical strength,which give them the potential to solve these problems.However,a systematic understanding of GAFs as an advanced electrode material is lacking.This review focuses on the use of GAFs in electrochemistry,providing a comprehensive analysis of their synthesis methods,surface/structural characteristics,and physical properties,and thus understand their structure-property relationships.Their advantages in batteries,supercapacitors,and electrochemical sensors are systematically evaluated,with an emphasis on their excellent electrical conductivity,ion transport kinetics,and interfacial stability.The existing problems in these devices,such as chemical inertness and mechanical brittleness,are discussed and potential solutions are proposed,including defect engineering and hybrid structures.This review should deepen our mechanistic understanding of the use of GAFs in electrochemical systems and provide actionable strategies for developing stable,high-performance electrode materials.展开更多
This paper presents an investigation on the target-guided coordinated control(TACC)of unmanned surface vehicles(USVs).In the scenario of tracking non-cooperative targets,the status information of the target can only b...This paper presents an investigation on the target-guided coordinated control(TACC)of unmanned surface vehicles(USVs).In the scenario of tracking non-cooperative targets,the status information of the target can only be obtained by some USVs.In order to achieve semi-encirclement tracking of noncooperative targets under maritime security conditions,a fixed-time tracking control method based on dynamic surface control(DSC)is proposed in this paper.Firstly,a novel TACC architecture with decoupled kinematic control law and decoupled kinetic control law was designed to reduce the complexity of control system design.Secondly,the proposed DSC-based target-guided kinematic control law including tracking points pre-allocation strategy and sigmoid artificial potential functions(SigAPFs)can avoid collisions during tracking process and optimize kinematic control output.Finally,a fixed-time TACC system was proposed to achieve fast convergence of kinematic and kinetics errors.The effectiveness of the proposed TACC approach in improving target tracking safety and reducing control output chattering was verified by simulation comparison results.展开更多
1|Background The innovation of triboelectric nanogenerators and their application in self‐powered sensors[1-3]provides a new strat-egy for sensor development.Such a development is becoming an important part of IoT as...1|Background The innovation of triboelectric nanogenerators and their application in self‐powered sensors[1-3]provides a new strat-egy for sensor development.Such a development is becoming an important part of IoT as a large number of sensors are needed to sense different things and communicate over net-works.Among the sensors,triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)based sensors are attracting rising attention during the last 10 years.A unique feature of the TENG sensors is the self‐powering,which eliminates the need for batteries that are normally required of other types of sensors.In the early years of TENG sensors,researchers focused on the sensors'feasibility,flexibility,and sensitivity[4-7].Lately,TENG sensing systems[8,9]have been developed to obtain information from different places and times,which provides more data to be analyzed to describe a specific scenario.Moreover,the data could be communicated over a cloud.展开更多
The architectural design of redox-active organic molecules and the modulation of their electronic properties significantly influence their application in energy storage systems within aqueous environments.However,thes...The architectural design of redox-active organic molecules and the modulation of their electronic properties significantly influence their application in energy storage systems within aqueous environments.However,these organic molecules often exhibit sluggish reaction kinetics and unsatisfactory utilization of active sites,presenting significant challenges for their practical deployment as electrode materials in aqueous batteries.In this study,we have synthesized a novel organic compound(PTPZ),comprised of a centrally symmetric and fully ladder-type structure,tailored for aqueous proton storage.This unique configuration imparts the PTPZ molecule with high electron delocalization and enhanced structural stability.As an electrode material,PTPZ demonstrates a substantial proton-storage capacity of 311.9mAh g^(-1),with an active group utilization efficiency of up to 89% facilitated by an 8-electron transfer process,while maintaining a capacity retention of 92.89% after 8000 chargingdischarging cycles.Furthermore,in-situ monitoring technologies and various theoretical analyses have pinpointed the associated electrochemical processes of the PTPZ electrode,revealing exceptional redox activity,rapid proton diffusion,and efficient charge transfer.These attributes confer a significant competitive advantage to PTPZ as an anode material for high-performance proton storage devices.Consequently,this work contributes to the rational design of organic electrode materials for the advancement of rechargeable aqueous batteries.展开更多
We demonstrate an effective and optimal strategy for generating spatially resolved longitudinal spin angular momentum(LSAM)in optical tweezers by tightly focusing the first-order spirally polarized vector(SPV)beams wi...We demonstrate an effective and optimal strategy for generating spatially resolved longitudinal spin angular momentum(LSAM)in optical tweezers by tightly focusing the first-order spirally polarized vector(SPV)beams with zero intrinsic angular momentum into a refractive index stratified medium.The stratified medium gives rise to a spherically aberrated intensity profile near the focal region of the optical tweezers,with off-axis intensity lobes in the radial direction possessing opposite LSAM(helicities corresponding toσ=+1 and−1)compared to the beam center.We trap mesoscopic birefringent particles in an off-axis intensity lobe as well as at the beam center by modifying the trapping plane and observe particles spinning in opposite directions depending on their location.The direction of rotation depends on the particle size with larger particles spinning either clockwise or anticlockwise depending on the direction of spirality of the polarization of the SPV beam after tight focusing,while smaller particles spin in both directions depending on their spatial locations.Numerical simulations support our experimental observations.Our results introduce new avenues in spin-orbit optomechanics to facilitate novel yet straightforward avenues for exotic and complex particle manipulation in optical tweezers.展开更多
In recent years,Microcystin-LR(MC-LR)has been frequently detected in aquatic environments,exerting detrimental effects on the health of aquatic organisms.The grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella),an economically importa...In recent years,Microcystin-LR(MC-LR)has been frequently detected in aquatic environments,exerting detrimental effects on the health of aquatic organisms.The grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella),an economically important fish,inhabits environments prone to MC-LR contamination.To investigate the toxicological mechanisms of MC-LR on grass carp,the fish were exposed to water containing 35.8μg/L MC-LR.The physiological,biochemical,gut microbiota,and transcriptomic responses of the grass carp were evaluated at various time points(days 0,1,3,7,and 21).The results showed that total superoxide dismutase activity in the liver and intestine was significantly increased after 21 days of exposure.Additionally,pathological damage was observed,including impaired intestinal epithelial barrier and nuclear pyknosis in the liver cell.MC-LR exposure also altered the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota and reshaped the microbiota interaction network,increasing the abundance of Cetobacterium and Vibrio by 32.43%and 25.7%,respectively.The intestinal microbiota functions were enriched in carbohydrate metabolism(10.45%)and amino acid metabolism(9.89%).RNA sequencing identified 504 shared differentially expressed genes(DEGs).The expression of the immune genes ITGB1 and GART was significantly upregulated in the D21 group.The upregulated DEGs were enriched in the complement and coagulation cascade pathways.MC-LR exposure induced metabolic disorders in grass carp,with upregulated genes significantly enriched in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism pathways,while downregulated geneswere enriched in lipid metabolism.This study provides valuable insights into the effects and toxicological mechanisms of MC-LR on aquatic organisms.展开更多
The physiology of the central and enteric nervous systems and gastric muscle contributes to the complexities encountered in the research and clinical management of gastroparesis. A wide range of prescription drugs tar...The physiology of the central and enteric nervous systems and gastric muscle contributes to the complexities encountered in the research and clinical management of gastroparesis. A wide range of prescription drugs target the underlying neurotransmitter imbalances and adjust nucleotide levels in appropriate tissues, but treatment is unsatisfactory, as our understanding of the condition is far from complete. In this study, computational software is used to focus on the adenine nucleotide, ATP, as a comparative template for the structures of drugs used in gastroparesis treatment. The results demonstrate that muscarinic, dopamine, serotonin (5-HT) and histamine receptor ligand classes relate structurally and differentially to the molecular structure of ATP. In these neurotransmitter classes, compounds do not target cell membrane receptor G-protein signal transduction in a manner that provides a single mechanism for improving gastroparesis symptoms. The exploration of alternative nucleotide-based deficiencies of KATP channels, Na+/K+ATPases and guanine nucleotide directed nitrergic mechanisms should enhance our experimental approach to understanding this condition.展开更多
Green hydrogen is crucial for advancing renewable energy technologies and protecting the environment.This study introduces a controllable method for bimetallic nickel-cobalt phosphide on reduced graphene oxide on nick...Green hydrogen is crucial for advancing renewable energy technologies and protecting the environment.This study introduces a controllable method for bimetallic nickel-cobalt phosphide on reduced graphene oxide on nickel foam(NiCo_(3)P.C/NF).The material demonstrated low overpotentials of 58 and 180 mV at10 mA cm^(-2)for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in 1.0 M KOH.It achieved excellent electrochemical water-splitting performance with operating voltages of 1.54 and 2.6 V at 10 and 500 mA cm^(-2),respectively.The overall water-splitting performance of NiCo_(3).C/NF was extremely stable after 75 h of operation at 53 mA cm^(-2),retaining 98%efficiency,better than the sample Pt-C+RuO_(2),and outperforming previous reports.Density functional theory(DFT)results revealed a synergistic NiCo_(3)P.C interaction that yields nearly zero Gibbs free energy change(-0.100 eV)and upshift d-band center,the real active site at the Ni in HER,and the lowest overpotentials 0.26 V at the P active sites for OER.Furthermore,electronic charge distribution shows the maximum charge distribution between the NiCo_(3)P phase and graphene sheet heterojunction,enhancing the electrocatalyst conductivity.This combined approach offers an innovative strategy to design sustainable electrocatalysts for water s plitting.展开更多
With mineral-melt thermobarometers,reconstruction of P-T-depth history of magmas can be established for vol-canic rocks.The pillow lava of Hantangang River Basalt is suitable for the study as it bears narrow compositi...With mineral-melt thermobarometers,reconstruction of P-T-depth history of magmas can be established for vol-canic rocks.The pillow lava of Hantangang River Basalt is suitable for the study as it bears narrow compositional range resulting from little or no fractional crystallization or crustal assimilation and shows evidence of rapid magma ascent.The established thermodynamic model covers the pathway from the magma source depth to the eruption.The model shows that the pillow lava originated at the depths of~85-100 km by fluid ascent from a stagnant slab.This range corresponds to the depth that encompasses the uppermost asthenosphere to the lowermost lithosphere corresponding to the upper garnet to the lower spinel sta-bility fields of the mantle.Subsequently,the melt rose to~66-71 km depth where a primary magma reservoir was generated possibly due to existence of a possible local discontinuity within the upper mantle.The magma uprose rapidly from~61 to~20 km or even to a shallower depth with crystallization of dendritic clinopyroxene and titano-magnetite,due to dehydration of magma.Magma ascent slowed down near the surface possibly due to the volcanic channel split into two or more toward the vents.The model can be applied to other volcanic areas composed of less evolved rocks.展开更多
We reestablished the Serratognathus bilobatus Biozone in the Taebaek Group of Korea,where Serratognathus bilobatus was first reported by Lee(1970),based on new data from the uppermost Dumugol Formation to the Lower Ma...We reestablished the Serratognathus bilobatus Biozone in the Taebaek Group of Korea,where Serratognathus bilobatus was first reported by Lee(1970),based on new data from the uppermost Dumugol Formation to the Lower Makgol Formation at the Seokgaejae Section,Taebaeksan Basin.The conodont fauna includes several first-reported species in Korea of Acodus shitaianus,Bergstroemognathus extensus,B.pectiniformis,Paraserratognathus incostatus,Nasusgnathus dolonus,Rhipidognathus yichangensis.The co-occurrence of the Serratognathus bilobatus and comparison of associated species with other continents show similar results with the biogeographic link of eastern Gondwana during the Early Ordovician proposed as the “Australasian Superprovince”.The highest similarity with North China reaffirms that Taebaek Group is part of North China paleoplate.The relatively low similarity with western Australia,Tarim,Sibumasu and Kazakhstan,and high similarity with South China indicate that the Taebaeksan Basin was located in closer proximity to South China than other continents during Floian.Serratognathus bilobatus,which occurred from the nodular limestone and lime mudstone in this study,has been recovered in wide range of depositional facies including limestone dominated and siliciclastic-carbonate mixed facies in other continents of eastern Gondwana.This study suggests that the widespread distribution of Serratognathus bilobatus might be related to the depositional environment.展开更多
Background:In this present study,we have screened major phytoconstituents of Nilavembu Kudineer against critical COVID-19 target proteins that cause severe pneumonia globally.In addition,a human receptor protein that ...Background:In this present study,we have screened major phytoconstituents of Nilavembu Kudineer against critical COVID-19 target proteins that cause severe pneumonia globally.In addition,a human receptor protein that facilitates viral entry into the host cell was also targeted.Methods:Phytoconstituents derived from Nilavembu Kudineer formulation were docked against 12 major proteins,which help viral entry,viral proliferation,and a human receptor facilitate the viral entry into the host cells.The major metabolites of Nilavembu Kudineer were retrieved based on literature from the PubChem database.The docked complex was subjected to MD simulation studies to verify its binding mode and the stability of the interactions.The binding energy analysis was performed to estimate the binding affinity between the compounds and their respective receptors using MM/GBSA.Results:Docking studies have shown that three major plants in the polyherbal formulation,Andrographis paniculata,Mollugo cerviana,and Zingiber officinale,have 14 potential compounds that have better binding affinity against COVID-19 proteins and their host receptor protein.MD studies and binding energy calculations also confirmed that these compounds possess better stability and strong binding energy with these proteins.Conclusion:In silico analyses suggest that phytoconstituents from Nilavembu Kudineer possess promising multi-target antiviral activity against COVID-19.These findings provide a rationale for further experimental studies to validate their therapeutic potential for the treatment of COVID-19.展开更多
Urban flooding in low-lying coastal regions(LCRs)is intensifying due to climate change and sea-level rise;however,the complex interplay of hydrological,climatic,and anthropogenic drivers remains poorly understood.This...Urban flooding in low-lying coastal regions(LCRs)is intensifying due to climate change and sea-level rise;however,the complex interplay of hydrological,climatic,and anthropogenic drivers remains poorly understood.This study investigates the specific meteo-hydrological factors linking climate-induced changes and human activities to the urban flooding event in My Tho City,a vulnerable coastal city in Vietnam's Tien Giang Province,from February 9 to 12,2024.Analyzing historical meteo-hydrological data(rainfall,monsoon winds,river discharge,and water levels),we examined the contributing factors.Our findings reveal that the flooding was predominantly driven by the combination of high astronomical tidal levels and significant water surges.These surges were amplified by northeast monsoon circulation.This situation was compounded by critically low Mekong River discharge during the dry season,which enhanced the inland penetration of tidal effects.Rainfall during the period was minimal and did not contribute significantly.We utilized a filtering technique to differentiate between astronomical tides and non-tidal surges in the water level data.These results provide empirical evidence demonstrating that climate-driven sea-level influences(manifesting as high tides and surges)and anthropogenic alterations to river flow governed the urban flooding dynamics.The study underscores the urgent need for integrated adaptation solutions addressing the complex land-ocean interactions, particularly in the context ofclimate change and relative sea-level rise.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge,attitude,motivation and behavior of the community before and after the experiment,and also to determine the effect of the experiment on increasing knowledge,attit...The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge,attitude,motivation and behavior of the community before and after the experiment,and also to determine the effect of the experiment on increasing knowledge,attitude,motivation,and behavior related to the construction of family toilets in coastal areas.The study was conducted in Pangkep and Maros Regencies.Atotal of 50 heads of families were selected as participants using the purposive sampling method.25 participants became the experimental group and 25 people became the control group.The research variables included knowledge,attitudes,motivation,and behavior of the community in building family toilets before and after the experiment.Data collection through tests,questionnaires,and observations to each participant.The research instruments were knowledge tests,questionnaires,and observations.Data analysis used descriptive and inferential statistical analysis,with the t-test.The results of the study showed that based on the experiment,knowledge had a significant effect with a correlation coefficient of 0.94,attitudes had an effect of 0.91,motivation was 0.756,and behavior was 0.865.It can be concluded that the construction of family toilets in the coastal areas of Pangkep and Maros Regencies,before the experiment,the knowledge,attitudes,motivation,and behavior of the community were in the low category,and after the experiment increased significantly to the high category. In addition, the results of the analysis showed that the experiment had a significant effect on increasing theknowledge, attitudes, motivation, and behavior of the community towards the construction of family toilets in coastal areas.展开更多
Eliminating highly concentrated antibiotic wastewater by transition metal catalyst-assisted AOPs is challenging.Herein,by varying the metal precursor composition(Co/Fe ratios of 1/1,1.5/2/3),alloyed Co_(7)Fe_(3)nanocr...Eliminating highly concentrated antibiotic wastewater by transition metal catalyst-assisted AOPs is challenging.Herein,by varying the metal precursor composition(Co/Fe ratios of 1/1,1.5/2/3),alloyed Co_(7)Fe_(3)nanocrystals or spinel-like CoFe_(2)O_(4)can be switched and both confined within the porous N-doped graphitic carbon fibers by electrospinning and controlled graphitization.Impressively,iron precursors played a dual role in working as reactive centers and main activators for the creation of porous carbon networks affording improved accessibility to catalytic sites and easy tetracycline(TC)diffusion effect.The catalytic activity of the resulting materials was closely related to surface metal valence and composition.Notably,the CoFe_(2)O_(4)exhibited a significant improvement in peroxymonosulfate(PMS)adsorption and activation,explained by the present electron-deficient Co and Fe synergetic sites together with the interesting Jahn-Teller effect.Fe_(1)Co_(2)/CNF demonstrated the highest efficiency in degrading TC,achieving a reaction rate constant of 0.4647 min^(-1)with a low activation energy of 9.3 kJ·mol^(-1),nearly a 7.5-fold enhancement compared to Fe_(1)Co_(3)/CNF(0.062 min^(-1)).The reaction mechanism and the role of reactive oxidative species revealed a synergy of·SO_(4)^(-),·OH,·O_(2)^(-)and^(1)O_(2).Wherein,·O_(2)^(-)plays a more dominant role in the degradation of TC than other reactive species.Additionally,a reinforced electron-transfer pathway in the Fe_(1)Co_(2)/CNF system during PMS interaction was demonstrated.Furthermore,the degradation routes of TC were unraveled,and the toxicity of various intermediate by-products was assessed.Importantly,our continuous flow-type TC degradation process and light-driven photothermal strengthened reaction process demonstrated consistent performance,thereby offering a promising approach for tackling highly concentrated antibiotic wastewater.展开更多
基金supported by the research grant of the Kongju National University in 2023.
文摘The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Panoramic Virtual Reality(PVR)applied to online earth science classes on students’learning flow.To this end,a PVR learning material was made with a geology learning site,which contains a core geologic concept contained in a high school curriculum in Korea.To this end,a PVR learning material was made at a geologic field site to provide an interactive and engaging way for students to grasp core geologic concepts according to the high school curriculum in Korea.The PVR was applied to online earth science classes with 45 high school students.In order to examine the effect of the PVR on students'learning flow,pre-post learning flow test papers were used,then matchedsample t-test analysis and students'responses were analyzed.The result shows online classes with PVR have positive effects on learning flow(p<0.05).And it was possible for the students to observe three-dimensional geologic structures effectively in online classes as in offline field trips.And the students'responded with positive feedbacks.These suggest that PVR in online classes can be used as an effective teaching method,which can improve students'flow and eventually understanding subjects.
文摘An international survey of school-level geoscience education acquired data from 32 countries across the globe.Whilst the data is likely to be biased towards those countries which have geoscience educators active enough to respond to the questionnaire survey,the data nevertheless shows that geoscience is taught in a wide variety of contexts across the world,linked to science,geography or both.The majority of children in the countries surveyed had compulsory geoscience education in their curricula,had national standards in geoscience education,and covered a reasonable level of geoscience terminology in their studies.
基金funded by the Scientific Research Project of Lingnan Normal Universitythe following projects and centers at Lingnan Normal University:the Special Project on Party Building and Ideological-Political Education—“Practical Research on‘Curriculum Ideology and Politics’in Universities under the Concept of‘Three-Wide Education’”(WD2424)+1 种基金the Science Education Special Project—“Research on Implementation Strategies for High-Quality Development of Science Popularization Education Based on Scientific Activities”(KX2404)the Ideological-Political Education Teaching Demonstration Center of the School of Physics(PX-4825706).
文摘The digital-intelligent era presents both opportunities and challenges for specialized course education in universities.Based on the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education,this study takes the course“Design and Guidance of Science Play Performance Activities”as an example to explore practical pathways for integrating ideological and political education into specialized courses within a digital-intelligent context.Employing literature review and action research methodologies,the study constructs a digital-intelligent teaching model,develops digital ideological and political resources,innovates teaching methods,and systematically identifies and deeply integrates ideological and political elements into the curriculum.Through practical validation,the research summarizes a curriculum design framework grounded in Tyler’s principles and a digital-intelligent teaching model based on BOPPPS,providing transferable pathways for ideological and political education in specialized courses.Furthermore,it offers theoretical support and practical references for the deep integration and innovative application of digital-intelligent technologies in education.
文摘1 | BACKGROUND.A decade ago we asked the question, “Is there something inmedicine that is eternal or enduring?” Our aim was to writea manuscript entitled, “That which does not change inmedicine.” The publication begins as follows: “The practiceof medicine involves continual change, driven by a constantstream of developments in the understanding of biologicalstructure and function relevant to human diseases, and theparallel improvements in pharmacologic and other technologicalinterventions. This change is also driven by evolvingsocial philosophies, ethical trends, and lifestyles.” [1] Thatpreamble reverberates as strongly now as then, perhapseven more so, given the velocity of technological change.When we deliberated on which aspects of medical practiceshould remain stable, we had few premonitions thatimplantable chips, robotic surgery, virtual reality, andartificial intelligence (AI) would soon become ubiquitous.The needle has clearly moved, propelled by extraordinaryadvances in bioengineering, computer and data sciences;major shifts in the governance and organization of clinicalpractice;and powerful sociocultural trends.
文摘Introduction.The International Union of Geological Sciences(IUGS)is a prominent non-governmental organization dedicated to promoting and fostering the study of geological sciences internationally.Established in 1961,the IUGS is a member of the International Science Council and plays a pivotal role in setting global standards in geological sciences,facilitating international collaboration,and supporting the coordination of major global geological events and research initiatives(Cheong and Kim,2021).One of the key events organized by the IUGS is the International Geological Congress(IGC),held every four years.This congress serves as a vital forum for geologists from around the world to share their latest research findings,discuss advancements in the field,and explore new directions in geological sciences.The IGC encompasses a wide range of topics including geology,geophysics,mineralogy,paleontology,and sedimentology,among others,reflecting the diversity and interdisciplinary nature of the field(Cheong and Kim,2021).
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22279097)the Key R&D Program of Hubei Province(2023BAB103)the PhD Scientific Research and Innovation Foundation of The Education Department of Hainan Province Joint Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City(HSPHDSRF-2024-03-022)。
文摘Because of their low electrical conductivity,sluggish ion diffusion,and poor stability,conventional electrode materials are not able to meet the growing demands of energy storage and portable devices.Graphene assembled films(GAFs)formed from graphene nanosheets have an ultrahigh conductivity,a unique 2D network structure,and exceptional mechanical strength,which give them the potential to solve these problems.However,a systematic understanding of GAFs as an advanced electrode material is lacking.This review focuses on the use of GAFs in electrochemistry,providing a comprehensive analysis of their synthesis methods,surface/structural characteristics,and physical properties,and thus understand their structure-property relationships.Their advantages in batteries,supercapacitors,and electrochemical sensors are systematically evaluated,with an emphasis on their excellent electrical conductivity,ion transport kinetics,and interfacial stability.The existing problems in these devices,such as chemical inertness and mechanical brittleness,are discussed and potential solutions are proposed,including defect engineering and hybrid structures.This review should deepen our mechanistic understanding of the use of GAFs in electrochemical systems and provide actionable strategies for developing stable,high-performance electrode materials.
文摘This paper presents an investigation on the target-guided coordinated control(TACC)of unmanned surface vehicles(USVs).In the scenario of tracking non-cooperative targets,the status information of the target can only be obtained by some USVs.In order to achieve semi-encirclement tracking of noncooperative targets under maritime security conditions,a fixed-time tracking control method based on dynamic surface control(DSC)is proposed in this paper.Firstly,a novel TACC architecture with decoupled kinematic control law and decoupled kinetic control law was designed to reduce the complexity of control system design.Secondly,the proposed DSC-based target-guided kinematic control law including tracking points pre-allocation strategy and sigmoid artificial potential functions(SigAPFs)can avoid collisions during tracking process and optimize kinematic control output.Finally,a fixed-time TACC system was proposed to achieve fast convergence of kinematic and kinetics errors.The effectiveness of the proposed TACC approach in improving target tracking safety and reducing control output chattering was verified by simulation comparison results.
基金supported by the Swedish Research Council,Stiftelsen Promobilia and the Knowledge Foundation of Sweden.
文摘1|Background The innovation of triboelectric nanogenerators and their application in self‐powered sensors[1-3]provides a new strat-egy for sensor development.Such a development is becoming an important part of IoT as a large number of sensors are needed to sense different things and communicate over net-works.Among the sensors,triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)based sensors are attracting rising attention during the last 10 years.A unique feature of the TENG sensors is the self‐powering,which eliminates the need for batteries that are normally required of other types of sensors.In the early years of TENG sensors,researchers focused on the sensors'feasibility,flexibility,and sensitivity[4-7].Lately,TENG sensing systems[8,9]have been developed to obtain information from different places and times,which provides more data to be analyzed to describe a specific scenario.Moreover,the data could be communicated over a cloud.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22279166,52002157National Institute of Education,Singapore,under its Academic Research Fund,Grant/Award Numbers:RI 1/21 EAH,RI 3/23 EAH+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Numbers:2022M711686,2023M741471Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Number:SJCX24_2512。
文摘The architectural design of redox-active organic molecules and the modulation of their electronic properties significantly influence their application in energy storage systems within aqueous environments.However,these organic molecules often exhibit sluggish reaction kinetics and unsatisfactory utilization of active sites,presenting significant challenges for their practical deployment as electrode materials in aqueous batteries.In this study,we have synthesized a novel organic compound(PTPZ),comprised of a centrally symmetric and fully ladder-type structure,tailored for aqueous proton storage.This unique configuration imparts the PTPZ molecule with high electron delocalization and enhanced structural stability.As an electrode material,PTPZ demonstrates a substantial proton-storage capacity of 311.9mAh g^(-1),with an active group utilization efficiency of up to 89% facilitated by an 8-electron transfer process,while maintaining a capacity retention of 92.89% after 8000 chargingdischarging cycles.Furthermore,in-situ monitoring technologies and various theoretical analyses have pinpointed the associated electrochemical processes of the PTPZ electrode,revealing exceptional redox activity,rapid proton diffusion,and efficient charge transfer.These attributes confer a significant competitive advantage to PTPZ as an anode material for high-performance proton storage devices.Consequently,this work contributes to the rational design of organic electrode materials for the advancement of rechargeable aqueous batteries.
基金the SERB,Department of Science and Technology,Government of India(Project No.EMR/2017/001456)aIISER Kolkata IPh.D fellowship for research.
文摘We demonstrate an effective and optimal strategy for generating spatially resolved longitudinal spin angular momentum(LSAM)in optical tweezers by tightly focusing the first-order spirally polarized vector(SPV)beams with zero intrinsic angular momentum into a refractive index stratified medium.The stratified medium gives rise to a spherically aberrated intensity profile near the focal region of the optical tweezers,with off-axis intensity lobes in the radial direction possessing opposite LSAM(helicities corresponding toσ=+1 and−1)compared to the beam center.We trap mesoscopic birefringent particles in an off-axis intensity lobe as well as at the beam center by modifying the trapping plane and observe particles spinning in opposite directions depending on their location.The direction of rotation depends on the particle size with larger particles spinning either clockwise or anticlockwise depending on the direction of spirality of the polarization of the SPV beam after tight focusing,while smaller particles spin in both directions depending on their spatial locations.Numerical simulations support our experimental observations.Our results introduce new avenues in spin-orbit optomechanics to facilitate novel yet straightforward avenues for exotic and complex particle manipulation in optical tweezers.
基金supported by the Biological Breeding-Major Projects(No.2023ZD04054)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(No.CARS-45)Jiangxi Province Fishery Seed Industry Joint Research Project(No.2023yyzygg-06).
文摘In recent years,Microcystin-LR(MC-LR)has been frequently detected in aquatic environments,exerting detrimental effects on the health of aquatic organisms.The grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella),an economically important fish,inhabits environments prone to MC-LR contamination.To investigate the toxicological mechanisms of MC-LR on grass carp,the fish were exposed to water containing 35.8μg/L MC-LR.The physiological,biochemical,gut microbiota,and transcriptomic responses of the grass carp were evaluated at various time points(days 0,1,3,7,and 21).The results showed that total superoxide dismutase activity in the liver and intestine was significantly increased after 21 days of exposure.Additionally,pathological damage was observed,including impaired intestinal epithelial barrier and nuclear pyknosis in the liver cell.MC-LR exposure also altered the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota and reshaped the microbiota interaction network,increasing the abundance of Cetobacterium and Vibrio by 32.43%and 25.7%,respectively.The intestinal microbiota functions were enriched in carbohydrate metabolism(10.45%)and amino acid metabolism(9.89%).RNA sequencing identified 504 shared differentially expressed genes(DEGs).The expression of the immune genes ITGB1 and GART was significantly upregulated in the D21 group.The upregulated DEGs were enriched in the complement and coagulation cascade pathways.MC-LR exposure induced metabolic disorders in grass carp,with upregulated genes significantly enriched in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism pathways,while downregulated geneswere enriched in lipid metabolism.This study provides valuable insights into the effects and toxicological mechanisms of MC-LR on aquatic organisms.
文摘The physiology of the central and enteric nervous systems and gastric muscle contributes to the complexities encountered in the research and clinical management of gastroparesis. A wide range of prescription drugs target the underlying neurotransmitter imbalances and adjust nucleotide levels in appropriate tissues, but treatment is unsatisfactory, as our understanding of the condition is far from complete. In this study, computational software is used to focus on the adenine nucleotide, ATP, as a comparative template for the structures of drugs used in gastroparesis treatment. The results demonstrate that muscarinic, dopamine, serotonin (5-HT) and histamine receptor ligand classes relate structurally and differentially to the molecular structure of ATP. In these neurotransmitter classes, compounds do not target cell membrane receptor G-protein signal transduction in a manner that provides a single mechanism for improving gastroparesis symptoms. The exploration of alternative nucleotide-based deficiencies of KATP channels, Na+/K+ATPases and guanine nucleotide directed nitrergic mechanisms should enhance our experimental approach to understanding this condition.
基金supported by the Regional Leading Research Center Program(2019R1A5A8080326)funding from the Basic Science Research Program(2021R1F1A1048758,2022R1I1A1A01053248)+1 种基金the Regional Innovation Strategy(RIS)(2023RIS-008)through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),funded by the Ministry of Educationsupported by the National Supercomputing Center,which provided supercomputing resources and technical support(TS-2024-RE-0039)。
文摘Green hydrogen is crucial for advancing renewable energy technologies and protecting the environment.This study introduces a controllable method for bimetallic nickel-cobalt phosphide on reduced graphene oxide on nickel foam(NiCo_(3)P.C/NF).The material demonstrated low overpotentials of 58 and 180 mV at10 mA cm^(-2)for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in 1.0 M KOH.It achieved excellent electrochemical water-splitting performance with operating voltages of 1.54 and 2.6 V at 10 and 500 mA cm^(-2),respectively.The overall water-splitting performance of NiCo_(3).C/NF was extremely stable after 75 h of operation at 53 mA cm^(-2),retaining 98%efficiency,better than the sample Pt-C+RuO_(2),and outperforming previous reports.Density functional theory(DFT)results revealed a synergistic NiCo_(3)P.C interaction that yields nearly zero Gibbs free energy change(-0.100 eV)and upshift d-band center,the real active site at the Ni in HER,and the lowest overpotentials 0.26 V at the P active sites for OER.Furthermore,electronic charge distribution shows the maximum charge distribution between the NiCo_(3)P phase and graphene sheet heterojunction,enhancing the electrocatalyst conductivity.This combined approach offers an innovative strategy to design sustainable electrocatalysts for water s plitting.
基金supported by the 2021 Research Project for UNESCO Hantangang River Global Geopark supported by Gyeonggi Provincial Office(Grant No.20210606641-00)Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(No.2019R1A6A1A03033167).
文摘With mineral-melt thermobarometers,reconstruction of P-T-depth history of magmas can be established for vol-canic rocks.The pillow lava of Hantangang River Basalt is suitable for the study as it bears narrow compositional range resulting from little or no fractional crystallization or crustal assimilation and shows evidence of rapid magma ascent.The established thermodynamic model covers the pathway from the magma source depth to the eruption.The model shows that the pillow lava originated at the depths of~85-100 km by fluid ascent from a stagnant slab.This range corresponds to the depth that encompasses the uppermost asthenosphere to the lowermost lithosphere corresponding to the upper garnet to the lower spinel sta-bility fields of the mantle.Subsequently,the melt rose to~66-71 km depth where a primary magma reservoir was generated possibly due to existence of a possible local discontinuity within the upper mantle.The magma uprose rapidly from~61 to~20 km or even to a shallower depth with crystallization of dendritic clinopyroxene and titano-magnetite,due to dehydration of magma.Magma ascent slowed down near the surface possibly due to the volcanic channel split into two or more toward the vents.The model can be applied to other volcanic areas composed of less evolved rocks.
基金funded by the National Research Foundation of Korea grants to BSL (No.2020R1A2C1099624) and to SJC (No.2021R1A2C1009687)
文摘We reestablished the Serratognathus bilobatus Biozone in the Taebaek Group of Korea,where Serratognathus bilobatus was first reported by Lee(1970),based on new data from the uppermost Dumugol Formation to the Lower Makgol Formation at the Seokgaejae Section,Taebaeksan Basin.The conodont fauna includes several first-reported species in Korea of Acodus shitaianus,Bergstroemognathus extensus,B.pectiniformis,Paraserratognathus incostatus,Nasusgnathus dolonus,Rhipidognathus yichangensis.The co-occurrence of the Serratognathus bilobatus and comparison of associated species with other continents show similar results with the biogeographic link of eastern Gondwana during the Early Ordovician proposed as the “Australasian Superprovince”.The highest similarity with North China reaffirms that Taebaek Group is part of North China paleoplate.The relatively low similarity with western Australia,Tarim,Sibumasu and Kazakhstan,and high similarity with South China indicate that the Taebaeksan Basin was located in closer proximity to South China than other continents during Floian.Serratognathus bilobatus,which occurred from the nodular limestone and lime mudstone in this study,has been recovered in wide range of depositional facies including limestone dominated and siliciclastic-carbonate mixed facies in other continents of eastern Gondwana.This study suggests that the widespread distribution of Serratognathus bilobatus might be related to the depositional environment.
文摘Background:In this present study,we have screened major phytoconstituents of Nilavembu Kudineer against critical COVID-19 target proteins that cause severe pneumonia globally.In addition,a human receptor protein that facilitates viral entry into the host cell was also targeted.Methods:Phytoconstituents derived from Nilavembu Kudineer formulation were docked against 12 major proteins,which help viral entry,viral proliferation,and a human receptor facilitate the viral entry into the host cells.The major metabolites of Nilavembu Kudineer were retrieved based on literature from the PubChem database.The docked complex was subjected to MD simulation studies to verify its binding mode and the stability of the interactions.The binding energy analysis was performed to estimate the binding affinity between the compounds and their respective receptors using MM/GBSA.Results:Docking studies have shown that three major plants in the polyherbal formulation,Andrographis paniculata,Mollugo cerviana,and Zingiber officinale,have 14 potential compounds that have better binding affinity against COVID-19 proteins and their host receptor protein.MD studies and binding energy calculations also confirmed that these compounds possess better stability and strong binding energy with these proteins.Conclusion:In silico analyses suggest that phytoconstituents from Nilavembu Kudineer possess promising multi-target antiviral activity against COVID-19.These findings provide a rationale for further experimental studies to validate their therapeutic potential for the treatment of COVID-19.
基金supported by the Vietnam National University,Ho Chi Minh City(VNU-HCM)project entitled“Identifying and quantifying drivers causing water level fluctuations in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta”grant number[B2024-18-01].
文摘Urban flooding in low-lying coastal regions(LCRs)is intensifying due to climate change and sea-level rise;however,the complex interplay of hydrological,climatic,and anthropogenic drivers remains poorly understood.This study investigates the specific meteo-hydrological factors linking climate-induced changes and human activities to the urban flooding event in My Tho City,a vulnerable coastal city in Vietnam's Tien Giang Province,from February 9 to 12,2024.Analyzing historical meteo-hydrological data(rainfall,monsoon winds,river discharge,and water levels),we examined the contributing factors.Our findings reveal that the flooding was predominantly driven by the combination of high astronomical tidal levels and significant water surges.These surges were amplified by northeast monsoon circulation.This situation was compounded by critically low Mekong River discharge during the dry season,which enhanced the inland penetration of tidal effects.Rainfall during the period was minimal and did not contribute significantly.We utilized a filtering technique to differentiate between astronomical tides and non-tidal surges in the water level data.These results provide empirical evidence demonstrating that climate-driven sea-level influences(manifesting as high tides and surges)and anthropogenic alterations to river flow governed the urban flooding dynamics.The study underscores the urgent need for integrated adaptation solutions addressing the complex land-ocean interactions, particularly in the context ofclimate change and relative sea-level rise.
文摘The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge,attitude,motivation and behavior of the community before and after the experiment,and also to determine the effect of the experiment on increasing knowledge,attitude,motivation,and behavior related to the construction of family toilets in coastal areas.The study was conducted in Pangkep and Maros Regencies.Atotal of 50 heads of families were selected as participants using the purposive sampling method.25 participants became the experimental group and 25 people became the control group.The research variables included knowledge,attitudes,motivation,and behavior of the community in building family toilets before and after the experiment.Data collection through tests,questionnaires,and observations to each participant.The research instruments were knowledge tests,questionnaires,and observations.Data analysis used descriptive and inferential statistical analysis,with the t-test.The results of the study showed that based on the experiment,knowledge had a significant effect with a correlation coefficient of 0.94,attitudes had an effect of 0.91,motivation was 0.756,and behavior was 0.865.It can be concluded that the construction of family toilets in the coastal areas of Pangkep and Maros Regencies,before the experiment,the knowledge,attitudes,motivation,and behavior of the community were in the low category,and after the experiment increased significantly to the high category. In addition, the results of the analysis showed that the experiment had a significant effect on increasing theknowledge, attitudes, motivation, and behavior of the community towards the construction of family toilets in coastal areas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21908085).
文摘Eliminating highly concentrated antibiotic wastewater by transition metal catalyst-assisted AOPs is challenging.Herein,by varying the metal precursor composition(Co/Fe ratios of 1/1,1.5/2/3),alloyed Co_(7)Fe_(3)nanocrystals or spinel-like CoFe_(2)O_(4)can be switched and both confined within the porous N-doped graphitic carbon fibers by electrospinning and controlled graphitization.Impressively,iron precursors played a dual role in working as reactive centers and main activators for the creation of porous carbon networks affording improved accessibility to catalytic sites and easy tetracycline(TC)diffusion effect.The catalytic activity of the resulting materials was closely related to surface metal valence and composition.Notably,the CoFe_(2)O_(4)exhibited a significant improvement in peroxymonosulfate(PMS)adsorption and activation,explained by the present electron-deficient Co and Fe synergetic sites together with the interesting Jahn-Teller effect.Fe_(1)Co_(2)/CNF demonstrated the highest efficiency in degrading TC,achieving a reaction rate constant of 0.4647 min^(-1)with a low activation energy of 9.3 kJ·mol^(-1),nearly a 7.5-fold enhancement compared to Fe_(1)Co_(3)/CNF(0.062 min^(-1)).The reaction mechanism and the role of reactive oxidative species revealed a synergy of·SO_(4)^(-),·OH,·O_(2)^(-)and^(1)O_(2).Wherein,·O_(2)^(-)plays a more dominant role in the degradation of TC than other reactive species.Additionally,a reinforced electron-transfer pathway in the Fe_(1)Co_(2)/CNF system during PMS interaction was demonstrated.Furthermore,the degradation routes of TC were unraveled,and the toxicity of various intermediate by-products was assessed.Importantly,our continuous flow-type TC degradation process and light-driven photothermal strengthened reaction process demonstrated consistent performance,thereby offering a promising approach for tackling highly concentrated antibiotic wastewater.
