Jatropha curcas L. commonly known as “physic nut” is an exotic species that shows invasive characters. Plantation of Jatropha species is being undertaken at a large scale for biodiesel production. The plants defolia...Jatropha curcas L. commonly known as “physic nut” is an exotic species that shows invasive characters. Plantation of Jatropha species is being undertaken at a large scale for biodiesel production. The plants defoliate their leaves twice a year and have been shown to possess certain antinutritional factors. Seeds of Jatropha are removed from mature dried fruits for oil extraction and ovary walls are discarded. For the present experiments leachates from sun dried leaves and ovary walls of Jatropha curcas L. were used for analyzing their possible allelopathic effects on the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cultivar, MP-4010). Leachate treatments result in slight decrease in growth in terms of plant height, leaf area, biomass, spike length and 100 seed weight of wheat and increase in total phenols, tannins, phytic acid and free amino acids. Results suggest that the leachates of leaf and ovary wall of Jatropha curcas are slightly inhibitory, however the impact does not last long. Nevertheless, continuous plantation may lead to accumulation of damaging constituents which reflects the need for further analysis and experimentation.展开更多
Evaluation of thirty one core collections of Ocimum sanctum L. synonyms O. tenuiflorum L. collected from different ecological regions representing contrasting environment of India was carried out. All the collections ...Evaluation of thirty one core collections of Ocimum sanctum L. synonyms O. tenuiflorum L. collected from different ecological regions representing contrasting environment of India was carried out. All the collections were grown under sub-tropical region of Jammu, India. Study revealed wide range of variability in quantitive and qualitative attributes of oil. Essential oil content ranged between 0.16% ± 0.01% - 0.55% ± 0.08% showing the presence of fifteen constituents. Methyl eugenol (1.54% - 93.16%) and Eugenol (0.06% - 70.41%), were the major constituent. The other major constituent of the oil was β-Caryophyllene (4.60% - 33.77%) which was detected in almost all the collections. Borneol, Copane, α Caryophyllene were other constituents detected in almost all the accessions. α selinene was detected in traces in only three accessions (OS-01, OS-03, OS-50) and β-selinene was detected in four accessions (OS-01, OS-03, OS-50, OS-72. Accession OS-70 collected from Patna, showed distinct chemical profile having β-Elemene (32.81%), β-Cary- ophyllene (16.37%), Germacrene-D (18.05%), β-Ocimene (17.69%) and Copane (5.738%). Being distinct in oil profiling, Patna collection was designated as distinct chemotype. Collections OS-50 from Gwalior from Central India and OS-59 from Rajkot Western India have been identified as methyl eugenol (93.16%) and eugenol (70.41%) rich geno- types. The data collected provided useful information with respect to composition of essential oil among core collection evaluated representing various agro-climatic zones.展开更多
the basis of available publications.A total of 103 species belonging to 15 genera of cercosporoid fungi have been reported from Himachal Pradesh on 118 plant species belonging to 46 families.The species richness of ce...the basis of available publications.A total of 103 species belonging to 15 genera of cercosporoid fungi have been reported from Himachal Pradesh on 118 plant species belonging to 46 families.The species richness of cercosporoid fungi in the region was as follows;Cercospora(50),Pseudocercospora(23),Ramularia and Passalora(7 each),Stigmina&Mycosphaerella(3 each),Sirosporium(2),Cercosporella,Distomycovellosiella and Mycovellosiella,Neocercosporidium,Neopseudocercosporella,Nothopassalora,Rosisphaerella&Teratosphaeria(1 each).The highest numbers of cercosporoid fungi were recorded on plant hosts of the family Solanaceae(12 species)followed by Fabaceae(10 species),Asteraceae and Rosaceae(8 species each),Amaranthaceae(5 species),Malvaceae and Smilaceae(4 species each),Acanthaceae,Poaceae,Polygonaceae and Ranunculaceae(3 species each),while the rest of families were found associated with 1-2 cercosporoid speices.展开更多
Importance of medicinal plants to health care has been great and herbal preparations are being produced at industrial scale particularly in developing countries. The plant products obtained have a long history of use ...Importance of medicinal plants to health care has been great and herbal preparations are being produced at industrial scale particularly in developing countries. The plant products obtained have a long history of use in therapeutics, aromatherapy and food depending on the chemical constituents and their bioactivity. In the recent past, marigolds have received a great attention in scientific research, because of their multiple use and also the information available about their phytochemistry and bioactivity. Tagetes species commonly known as marigold is native to Mexico, being used for medicinal and ornamental purposes. The plant is useful due to its unique phytoconstituents for a range of diseases and disorders and is reportedly effective against piles, kidney troubles, muscular pain, ulcers and wound healing and the flowers are helpful in fever, stomach and liver complaints and also in eye diseases. In India, marigold is also extensively used on religious and social occasions such as in the beautification of mandaps and pooja places;offerings at temples;marriage decorations and landscape planning due to variable size and colour of its flower. Present review is an effort to bring together the different strategies developed for the growth and cultivation of marigold, its ecophysiological and remediation relevance under a variety of environmental conditions and possible allelopathic potential. It includes reports on pharmacological aspects like antibacterial, antifungal, larvicidal, hepatoprotective, insecticidal, mosquitocidal, nematicidal, wound healing, antioxidant, anticancer and antidiabetic properties/activity of Tagetes.展开更多
This paper represents the fifth One Stop Shop(OSS)series contribution.This series provides background,disease symptoms,pathogen biology and epidemiology(when available)distribution,hosts for the treated genera,and imp...This paper represents the fifth One Stop Shop(OSS)series contribution.This series provides background,disease symptoms,pathogen biology and epidemiology(when available)distribution,hosts for the treated genera,and important gene regions for a better resolution.Species that have pathogenic data are also provided under each genus.This fifth OSS paper treats 25 genera of phytopathogenic fungi:Allophoma,Alternaria,Bipolaris,Boeremia,Calonectria,Calophoma,Campylocarpon,Clonastachys,Corynespora,Cryphonectria,Diaporthe,Diplocarpon,Epicoccum,Eutiarosporella,Ganoderma,Hypomyces,Lasiodiplodia,Monilinia,Neocordana,Phragmidium,Pileolaria,Pseudocercospora,Rhynchosporium,Scytalidium and Sphaeropsis.展开更多
This is a continuation of a series focused on providing a stable platform for the taxonomy of phytopathogenic fungi and fungus-like organisms.This paper focuses on one family:Erysiphaceae and 24 phytopathogenic genera...This is a continuation of a series focused on providing a stable platform for the taxonomy of phytopathogenic fungi and fungus-like organisms.This paper focuses on one family:Erysiphaceae and 24 phytopathogenic genera:Armillaria,Barrio-psis,Cercospora,Cladosporium,Clinoconidium,Colletotrichum,Cylindrocladiella,Dothidotthia,,Fomitopsis,Ganoderma,Golovinomyces,Heterobasidium,Meliola,Mucor,Neoerysiphe,Nothophoma,Phellinus,Phytophthora,Pseudoseptoria,Pythium,Rhizopus,Stemphylium,Thyrostroma and Wojnowiciella.Each genus is provided with a taxonomic background,distribution,hosts,disease symptoms,and updated backbone trees.Species confirmed with pathogenicity studies are denoted when data are available.Six of the genera are updated from previous entries as many new species have been described.展开更多
文摘Jatropha curcas L. commonly known as “physic nut” is an exotic species that shows invasive characters. Plantation of Jatropha species is being undertaken at a large scale for biodiesel production. The plants defoliate their leaves twice a year and have been shown to possess certain antinutritional factors. Seeds of Jatropha are removed from mature dried fruits for oil extraction and ovary walls are discarded. For the present experiments leachates from sun dried leaves and ovary walls of Jatropha curcas L. were used for analyzing their possible allelopathic effects on the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cultivar, MP-4010). Leachate treatments result in slight decrease in growth in terms of plant height, leaf area, biomass, spike length and 100 seed weight of wheat and increase in total phenols, tannins, phytic acid and free amino acids. Results suggest that the leachates of leaf and ovary wall of Jatropha curcas are slightly inhibitory, however the impact does not last long. Nevertheless, continuous plantation may lead to accumulation of damaging constituents which reflects the need for further analysis and experimentation.
文摘Evaluation of thirty one core collections of Ocimum sanctum L. synonyms O. tenuiflorum L. collected from different ecological regions representing contrasting environment of India was carried out. All the collections were grown under sub-tropical region of Jammu, India. Study revealed wide range of variability in quantitive and qualitative attributes of oil. Essential oil content ranged between 0.16% ± 0.01% - 0.55% ± 0.08% showing the presence of fifteen constituents. Methyl eugenol (1.54% - 93.16%) and Eugenol (0.06% - 70.41%), were the major constituent. The other major constituent of the oil was β-Caryophyllene (4.60% - 33.77%) which was detected in almost all the collections. Borneol, Copane, α Caryophyllene were other constituents detected in almost all the accessions. α selinene was detected in traces in only three accessions (OS-01, OS-03, OS-50) and β-selinene was detected in four accessions (OS-01, OS-03, OS-50, OS-72. Accession OS-70 collected from Patna, showed distinct chemical profile having β-Elemene (32.81%), β-Cary- ophyllene (16.37%), Germacrene-D (18.05%), β-Ocimene (17.69%) and Copane (5.738%). Being distinct in oil profiling, Patna collection was designated as distinct chemotype. Collections OS-50 from Gwalior from Central India and OS-59 from Rajkot Western India have been identified as methyl eugenol (93.16%) and eugenol (70.41%) rich geno- types. The data collected provided useful information with respect to composition of essential oil among core collection evaluated representing various agro-climatic zones.
文摘the basis of available publications.A total of 103 species belonging to 15 genera of cercosporoid fungi have been reported from Himachal Pradesh on 118 plant species belonging to 46 families.The species richness of cercosporoid fungi in the region was as follows;Cercospora(50),Pseudocercospora(23),Ramularia and Passalora(7 each),Stigmina&Mycosphaerella(3 each),Sirosporium(2),Cercosporella,Distomycovellosiella and Mycovellosiella,Neocercosporidium,Neopseudocercosporella,Nothopassalora,Rosisphaerella&Teratosphaeria(1 each).The highest numbers of cercosporoid fungi were recorded on plant hosts of the family Solanaceae(12 species)followed by Fabaceae(10 species),Asteraceae and Rosaceae(8 species each),Amaranthaceae(5 species),Malvaceae and Smilaceae(4 species each),Acanthaceae,Poaceae,Polygonaceae and Ranunculaceae(3 species each),while the rest of families were found associated with 1-2 cercosporoid speices.
文摘Importance of medicinal plants to health care has been great and herbal preparations are being produced at industrial scale particularly in developing countries. The plant products obtained have a long history of use in therapeutics, aromatherapy and food depending on the chemical constituents and their bioactivity. In the recent past, marigolds have received a great attention in scientific research, because of their multiple use and also the information available about their phytochemistry and bioactivity. Tagetes species commonly known as marigold is native to Mexico, being used for medicinal and ornamental purposes. The plant is useful due to its unique phytoconstituents for a range of diseases and disorders and is reportedly effective against piles, kidney troubles, muscular pain, ulcers and wound healing and the flowers are helpful in fever, stomach and liver complaints and also in eye diseases. In India, marigold is also extensively used on religious and social occasions such as in the beautification of mandaps and pooja places;offerings at temples;marriage decorations and landscape planning due to variable size and colour of its flower. Present review is an effort to bring together the different strategies developed for the growth and cultivation of marigold, its ecophysiological and remediation relevance under a variety of environmental conditions and possible allelopathic potential. It includes reports on pharmacological aspects like antibacterial, antifungal, larvicidal, hepatoprotective, insecticidal, mosquitocidal, nematicidal, wound healing, antioxidant, anticancer and antidiabetic properties/activity of Tagetes.
基金funded by the National Science,Research and Innovation Fund:Thailand Science Research Innovation(Basic Research Fund 2022 and 2023)entitled‘Biodiversity,taxonomy and phylogeny of Colletotrichum on Citrus and Mango in northern Thailand(662A01002 and 672A01002)supported by the Mae Fah Luang University grant entitled‘Fungi associated with postharvest diseases of fruits in northern Thailand’(671C01002)+10 种基金supported by the following projects:National Natural ScienceFoundation of China(No.31972222)Program of Introducing Talentsof Discipline to Universities of China(111 Program,D20023)Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department Platform Project(YWZ[2024]004)Guizhou University Research and Innovation Team Project[2024]05funded by the National Bamboo Mission,New Delhi titled Plantation Technology for Jigat species(No.KFRI RP 793/2019)Highlevel Talents in Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,grant no:J2201080102 and the Innovative team program of the Department of Education of Guangdong Province(2022KCXTD015 and 2022ZDJS020)the financial support of the Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program of King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia and the Chinese Research Fund(project no E1644111K1)the support from UIDB/04046/2020(https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/04046/2020)and UIDP/04046/2020(https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDP/04046/2020)Centre grants from FCT,Portugal(to BioISI)the UP System Balik PhD Program(OVPAA-BPhD-2022–02)entitled,“Unraveling the hidden diversity of aquatic fungi from Panay Island,Philippines”.Senanayake IC thanks to Yunnan Revitalization Talents Support Plan(High-End Foreign Experts Programs)Beijing Natural Science Foundation-International Scientist Project(project number:1S24085)for the financial supportThe National Research Council of Thailand(NRCT)(Grant No.N41A640165).
文摘This paper represents the fifth One Stop Shop(OSS)series contribution.This series provides background,disease symptoms,pathogen biology and epidemiology(when available)distribution,hosts for the treated genera,and important gene regions for a better resolution.Species that have pathogenic data are also provided under each genus.This fifth OSS paper treats 25 genera of phytopathogenic fungi:Allophoma,Alternaria,Bipolaris,Boeremia,Calonectria,Calophoma,Campylocarpon,Clonastachys,Corynespora,Cryphonectria,Diaporthe,Diplocarpon,Epicoccum,Eutiarosporella,Ganoderma,Hypomyces,Lasiodiplodia,Monilinia,Neocordana,Phragmidium,Pileolaria,Pseudocercospora,Rhynchosporium,Scytalidium and Sphaeropsis.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31972222,31560489)Program of Intro-ducing Talents of Discipline to Universities of China(111 Program,D20023)+3 种基金Talent project of Guizhou Science and Technology Coop-eration Platform([2017]5788-5 and[2019]5641)and Guizhou Sci-ence,Technology Department International Cooperation Basic project([2018]5806)Guizhou University cultivation project[2017]5788-33.Kevin D.Hyde would like to thank“the future of specialist fungi in a changing climate:baseline data for generalist and specialist fungi associated with ants,Rhododendron species and Dracaena species”(Grant No.DBG6080013),Thailand Research Fund(TRF)Grant no RDG6130001“Impact of climate change on fungal diversity and biogeography in the Greater Mekong Subregion”.Work of Viktor Papp was supported by the Ministry for Innovation and Technology within the framework of the Higher Education Institutional Excellence Program(NKFIH-1159-6/2019)in the scope of plant breeding and plant protection research of Szent István University.Sinang Honsanan would like to thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China for supporting the Project no.31950410548.Our thanks are due to the Research and Researchers for Industries Grant(PHD57I0015)for financial support to Boontiya Chuankid.Napalai Chaiwan would like to thank the Royal Golden Jubilee PhD Program under Thailand Research Fund(RGJ)The scholarship no.PHD60K0147the 5th batch of Postdoctoral Orientation Training Personnel in Yunnan Province(Grant no.:Y934283261)the 64th batch of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant no.:Y913082271).
文摘This is a continuation of a series focused on providing a stable platform for the taxonomy of phytopathogenic fungi and fungus-like organisms.This paper focuses on one family:Erysiphaceae and 24 phytopathogenic genera:Armillaria,Barrio-psis,Cercospora,Cladosporium,Clinoconidium,Colletotrichum,Cylindrocladiella,Dothidotthia,,Fomitopsis,Ganoderma,Golovinomyces,Heterobasidium,Meliola,Mucor,Neoerysiphe,Nothophoma,Phellinus,Phytophthora,Pseudoseptoria,Pythium,Rhizopus,Stemphylium,Thyrostroma and Wojnowiciella.Each genus is provided with a taxonomic background,distribution,hosts,disease symptoms,and updated backbone trees.Species confirmed with pathogenicity studies are denoted when data are available.Six of the genera are updated from previous entries as many new species have been described.
