This study focuses on the field reconnaissance efforts for investigating ground deformation behavior and building foundation performance in Iskenderun.Many structures experienced significant damage or collapsed due to...This study focuses on the field reconnaissance efforts for investigating ground deformation behavior and building foundation performance in Iskenderun.Many structures experienced significant damage or collapsed due to strong ground shaking in the coastal Iskenderun district of Hatay during the 2023 Kahramanmaras earthquake sequence.Many buildings were also impacted by ground failure due to liquefaction of deposits in the area.Preliminary information regarding the general subsurface profile and post-earthquake data collected during the reconnaissance was used to perform simplified liquefaction and lateral spreading analyses.The empirical methods provide first order estimations of settlements and lateral spreading but are not sufficient when the nature of the structure-soil-structure interaction and earthquake sequence is considered.Measurements of vertical displacements and building tilt,liquefaction manifestations,and structural and foundation parameters potentially affecting foundation settlements including foundation geometry,building contact pressure,and building elastic period were used to evaluate seismic response of the ground and the structures through empirical procedures.Most of the buildings exhibited poor to mediocre foundation performance due to liquefaction-prone subsurface profiles,especially on the coastline.Ongoing field and numerical research will reveal the cause of significant ground failure in the area as well as refined estimates for the seismic deformations.展开更多
Slender RC walls are used commonly in mid-and high-rise buildings to resist lateral loads arising from earthquakes and wind forces.To accommodate architectural constraints,facilitate construction,and maximize structur...Slender RC walls are used commonly in mid-and high-rise buildings to resist lateral loads arising from earthquakes and wind forces.To accommodate architectural constraints,facilitate construction,and maximize structural effi-ciency,the majority of these walls have complex configurations,comprising planar and non-planar wall elements that often include regular or irregular patterns of openings.To date most laboratory testing of slender RC walls has employed wall specimens with relatively simple configurations and without openings and coupling action which provides only limited understanding of the impact on performance of the variations in configuration and reinforcement detailing observed in real-world construction.This study presents a 3D continuum modeling approach to improve understanding of the behavior of walls with complex configurations and support recommendations for design of these systems.Planar wall data were used to calibrate the continuum-type modeling approach;experimental data characterizing the response of non-planar walls and walls with openings are used to validate the model.展开更多
The scouring phenomenon is one of the major problems experienced in hydraulic engineering.In this study,an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system is hybridized with several evolutionary approaches,including the ant col...The scouring phenomenon is one of the major problems experienced in hydraulic engineering.In this study,an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system is hybridized with several evolutionary approaches,including the ant colony optimization,genetic algorithm,teaching-learning-based optimization,biogeographical-based optimization,and invasive weed optimization for estimating the long contraction scour depth.The proposed hybrid models are built using non-dimensional information collected from previous studies.The proposed hybrid intelligent models are evaluated using several statistical performance metrics and graphical presentations.Besides,the uncertainty of models,variables,and data are inspected.Based on the achieved modeling results,adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system-biogeographic based optimization(ANFIS-BBO)provides superior prediction accuracy compared to others,with a maximum correlation coefficient(R_(test)=0.923)and minimum root mean square error value(RMSE_(test)=0.0193).Thus,the proposed ANFIS-BBO is a capable cost-effective method for predicting long contraction scouring,thus,contributing to the base knowledge of hydraulic structure sustainability.展开更多
文摘This study focuses on the field reconnaissance efforts for investigating ground deformation behavior and building foundation performance in Iskenderun.Many structures experienced significant damage or collapsed due to strong ground shaking in the coastal Iskenderun district of Hatay during the 2023 Kahramanmaras earthquake sequence.Many buildings were also impacted by ground failure due to liquefaction of deposits in the area.Preliminary information regarding the general subsurface profile and post-earthquake data collected during the reconnaissance was used to perform simplified liquefaction and lateral spreading analyses.The empirical methods provide first order estimations of settlements and lateral spreading but are not sufficient when the nature of the structure-soil-structure interaction and earthquake sequence is considered.Measurements of vertical displacements and building tilt,liquefaction manifestations,and structural and foundation parameters potentially affecting foundation settlements including foundation geometry,building contact pressure,and building elastic period were used to evaluate seismic response of the ground and the structures through empirical procedures.Most of the buildings exhibited poor to mediocre foundation performance due to liquefaction-prone subsurface profiles,especially on the coastline.Ongoing field and numerical research will reveal the cause of significant ground failure in the area as well as refined estimates for the seismic deformations.
文摘Slender RC walls are used commonly in mid-and high-rise buildings to resist lateral loads arising from earthquakes and wind forces.To accommodate architectural constraints,facilitate construction,and maximize structural effi-ciency,the majority of these walls have complex configurations,comprising planar and non-planar wall elements that often include regular or irregular patterns of openings.To date most laboratory testing of slender RC walls has employed wall specimens with relatively simple configurations and without openings and coupling action which provides only limited understanding of the impact on performance of the variations in configuration and reinforcement detailing observed in real-world construction.This study presents a 3D continuum modeling approach to improve understanding of the behavior of walls with complex configurations and support recommendations for design of these systems.Planar wall data were used to calibrate the continuum-type modeling approach;experimental data characterizing the response of non-planar walls and walls with openings are used to validate the model.
文摘The scouring phenomenon is one of the major problems experienced in hydraulic engineering.In this study,an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system is hybridized with several evolutionary approaches,including the ant colony optimization,genetic algorithm,teaching-learning-based optimization,biogeographical-based optimization,and invasive weed optimization for estimating the long contraction scour depth.The proposed hybrid models are built using non-dimensional information collected from previous studies.The proposed hybrid intelligent models are evaluated using several statistical performance metrics and graphical presentations.Besides,the uncertainty of models,variables,and data are inspected.Based on the achieved modeling results,adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system-biogeographic based optimization(ANFIS-BBO)provides superior prediction accuracy compared to others,with a maximum correlation coefficient(R_(test)=0.923)and minimum root mean square error value(RMSE_(test)=0.0193).Thus,the proposed ANFIS-BBO is a capable cost-effective method for predicting long contraction scouring,thus,contributing to the base knowledge of hydraulic structure sustainability.
