Cancer is a leading cause of death globally,with limited treatment options and several limitations.Chemotherapeutic agents often result in toxicity which long-term conventional treatment.Phytochemicals are natural con...Cancer is a leading cause of death globally,with limited treatment options and several limitations.Chemotherapeutic agents often result in toxicity which long-term conventional treatment.Phytochemicals are natural constituents that are more effective in treating various diseases with less toxicity than the chemotherapeutic agents providing alternative therapeutic approaches to minimize the resistance.These phytoconstituents act in several ways and deliver optimum effectiveness against cancer.Nevertheless,the effectiveness of phyto-formulations in the management of cancers may be constrained due to challenges related to inadequate solubility,bioavailability,and stability.Nanotechnology presents a promising avenue for transforming current cancer treatment methods through the incorporation of phytochemicals into nanosystems,which possess a range of advantageous characteristics such as biocompatibility,targeted and sustained release capabilities,and enhanced protective effects.This holds significant potential for future advancements in cancer management.Herein,this review aims to provide intensive literature on diverse nanocarriers,highlighting their applications as cargos for phytocompounds in cancer.Moreover,it offers an overview of the current advancements in the respective field,emphasizing the characteristics that contribute to favourable outcomes in both in vitro and in vivo settings.Lastly,clinical development and regulatory concerns are also discussed to check on the transformation of the concept as a promising strategy for combination therapy of phytochemicals and chemotherapeutics that could lead to cancer management in the future.展开更多
In a brand new era,with chaotic scenario that exists within the world,people are undermined with diverse psychological assaults.There have been numerous sensible approaches on the way to understand and lessen those at...In a brand new era,with chaotic scenario that exists within the world,people are undermined with diverse psychological assaults.There have been numerous sensible approaches on the way to understand and lessen those attacks.Bioscrypt developments have verified to be one of the beneficial approaches for intercepting these troubles.Identifying recognition through human iris organ is said as one of the well-known biometric strategies because of its reliability and higher accurate return in comparison to different developments.Reviewing beyond literatures,terrible imaging condition,low flexibility of version,and small length iris image dataset are the constraints desiring solutions.Among these kinds of developments,the iris popularity structures are suitable gear for the human identification.Iris popularity has been an energetic studies location for the duration of previous couple of decades,due to its extensive packages in the areas,from airports to native land protection border protection.In the past,various functions and methods for iris recognition have been presented.Despite of the very fact that there are many approaches published in this field,there are still liberal amount of problems in this methodology like tedious and computational intricacy.We suggest an all-encompassing deep learning architecture for iris recognition supported by a genetic algorithm and a wavelet transformation,which may jointly learn the feature representation and perform recognition to realize high efficiency.With just a few training photos from each class,we train our model on a well-known iris recognition dataset and demonstrate improvements over prior methods.We think that this architecture can be frequently employed for various biometric recognition jobs,assisting in the development of a more scalable and precise system.The exploratory aftereffects of the proposed technique uncover that the strategy is effective inside the iris acknowledgment.展开更多
Objective: To study the effects of aqueous extract of Gmelina arborea bark on normoglycemic levels and streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in rats. Methods: After single administration of the aqueous extract, plasma...Objective: To study the effects of aqueous extract of Gmelina arborea bark on normoglycemic levels and streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in rats. Methods: After single administration of the aqueous extract, plasma glucose level was determined up to 6 h. In subacute study, the aqueous extract was administered for 28 d and plasma glucose level was determined weekly. The diabetes was induced in rats by the intraperitoneal injection of STZ at a dose of 55 mg/kg body weight. The diabetic animals were divided into four groups containing six in each: Group 栺 diabetic control, Group 栻 and 栿 treated with the aqueous extract respectively at a dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight once daily and Group 桇 treated with glibenclamide at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg body weight once daily. In acute study, the aqueous extract and glibenclamide were administered orally to rats. Plasma glucose levels were determined at 30, 60, 120, 240 and 360 min after the administration of the test samples. To study subacute effects, test samples (the aqueous extract and glibenclamide) were administered for 28 d consecutively. The effects of each test sample on plasma glucose level, body weight as well as food and water intake were also monitored weekly. The oral glucose tolerance test and biochemical indicators were estimated on day 28. Results: The aqueous extract did not significantly decrease the plasma glucose level in the normoglycemic rats as shown by the acute and subacute assays. However, after oral administration of the aqueous extract, the plasma glucose level was significantly ( P<0.001) decreased in the diabetic rats in the acute study. The long-term administration of the aqueous extract significantly ( P<0.001) reduced plasma glucose levels of the diabetic rats. Additionally, the aqueous extract also reduced loss of body weight and significantly decreased food and water intake in the diabetic animals. Nevertheless, no effects on biochemical indicators were observed at the selected doses. Conclusions: The aqueous extract of Gmelina arborea bark had antihyperglycemic activity against STZ induced diabetes in rats, after single and subacute oral administration. Moreover, it did not show significant glucose lowering effect in normoglycemic rats.展开更多
Metformin hydrochloride and sitagliptin phosphate is the common combination among diabetic drugs.Available dosage forms cannot avoid the dose dumping which leads to the complication such as lactic acidosis,gastrointes...Metformin hydrochloride and sitagliptin phosphate is the common combination among diabetic drugs.Available dosage forms cannot avoid the dose dumping which leads to the complication such as lactic acidosis,gastrointestinal complication,and severe hypoglycemia.Metformin hydrochloride has a very short half-life,i.e.4 hrs,and thus fails to give action for the long period.This leads to the increase number of dosings per day.Single-unit formulations contain the active ingredient within the single tablet or capsule,whereasmultiple-unit dosage forms comprise a number of discrete particles that are combined into one dosage unit.展开更多
In this work,diamond-like carbon(DLC)thin film coatings are deposited on silicon substrates by using plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition(PECVD)technique.By varying the hydrogen(H2)flow rate,CH4−Argon(Ar)flow ra...In this work,diamond-like carbon(DLC)thin film coatings are deposited on silicon substrates by using plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition(PECVD)technique.By varying the hydrogen(H2)flow rate,CH4−Argon(Ar)flow rate and deposition temperature(Td)as per a Box-Behnken experimental design(BBD),15 DLC deposition experiments are carried out.The Young’s modulus(E)and the coefficient of friction(COF)for the DLCs are measured.By using a second-order polynomial regression approach,two metamodels are built for E and COF,that establish them as functions of H2 flow rate,CH4-Ar flow rate and Td.A non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-III)is used to obtain a set of Pareto solutions for the multi-objective optimization of E maximization and COF minimization.According to various practical scenarios,evaluation based on distance from average solution(EDAS)approach is used to identify the most feasible solutions out of the Pareto solution set.Confirmation experiments are conducted which shows the efficacy of the polynomial regression—NSGA-III—EDAS hybrid approach.The surface morphology of the DLCs deposited as per the optimal predictions is also studied by using atomic force microscopy.展开更多
Objective The study aimed to synthesize and characterize pyrimidine-linked benzimidazole hybrids,define their antimicrobial and antifungal activities in vitro,and determine their ability to inhibit the main protease a...Objective The study aimed to synthesize and characterize pyrimidine-linked benzimidazole hybrids,define their antimicrobial and antifungal activities in vitro,and determine their ability to inhibit the main protease and spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2.Methods The ability of the synthesized compounds to inhibit the main protease and spike glycoprotein inhibitory of SARS-CoV-2 was investigated by assessing their mode of binding to the allosteric site of the enzyme using molecular docking.The structures of pyrimidine-linked benzimidazole derivatives synthesized with microwave assistance were confirmed by spectral analysis.Antibacterial and antifungal activities were determined by broth dilution.Results Gram-negative bateria(Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa)were more sensitive than gram-positive bateria(Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes)to the derivatives.Candida albicans was sensitive to the derivatives at a minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of 250μg/mL.The novel derivatives had better binding affinity(kcal/mol)than nelfinavir,lopinavir,ivermectin,remdesivir,and favipiravir,which are under investigation as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Compounds 2c,2e,and 2g formed four hydrogen bonds with the active cavity of the main protease.Many derivatives had good binding affinity for the RBD of the of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein with the formation of up to four hydrogen bonds.Conclusion We synthesized novel pyrimidine-linked benzi-midazole derivatives that were potent antimicrobial agents with ability to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein.Understanding the pharmacophore features of the main protease and spike glycoprotein offers much scope for the development of more potent agents.We plan to optimize the properties of the derivatives using models in vivo and in vitro so that they will serve as more effective therapeutic options against bacterial and SARS-CoV-2 infections.展开更多
The oral mucosa is vascularized,drugs can be absorbed directly and can enter the systemic circulation without firstpass metabolism[1].This advantage can be used in preparing products with increased oral bioavailabilit...The oral mucosa is vascularized,drugs can be absorbed directly and can enter the systemic circulation without firstpass metabolism[1].This advantage can be used in preparing products with increased oral bioavailability of molecules that undergo first pass metabolism.Thus oral mucosa is an attractive site for drug delivery[2,3].The objective of this research work is to formulate mouth dissolving film of nifedipine for enhanced bioavailability.nifedipine is used to treat hypertension and angina pectoris.展开更多
Optimizing the performance of composite structures is a real-world application with significant benefits.In this paper,a high-fidelity finite element method(FEM)is combined with the iterative improvement capability of...Optimizing the performance of composite structures is a real-world application with significant benefits.In this paper,a high-fidelity finite element method(FEM)is combined with the iterative improvement capability of metaheuristic optimization algorithms to obtain optimized composite plates.The FEM module comprises of ninenode isoparametric plate bending element in conjunction with the first-order shear deformation theory(FSDT).A recently proposed memetic version of particle swarm optimization called RPSOLC is modified in the current research to carry out multi-objective Pareto optimization.The performance of the MO-RPSOLC is found to be comparable with the NSGA-III.This work successfully highlights the use of FEM-MO-RPSOLC in obtaining highfidelity Pareto solutions considering simultaneous maximization of the fundamental frequency and frequency separation in laminated composites by optimizing the stacking sequence.展开更多
文摘Cancer is a leading cause of death globally,with limited treatment options and several limitations.Chemotherapeutic agents often result in toxicity which long-term conventional treatment.Phytochemicals are natural constituents that are more effective in treating various diseases with less toxicity than the chemotherapeutic agents providing alternative therapeutic approaches to minimize the resistance.These phytoconstituents act in several ways and deliver optimum effectiveness against cancer.Nevertheless,the effectiveness of phyto-formulations in the management of cancers may be constrained due to challenges related to inadequate solubility,bioavailability,and stability.Nanotechnology presents a promising avenue for transforming current cancer treatment methods through the incorporation of phytochemicals into nanosystems,which possess a range of advantageous characteristics such as biocompatibility,targeted and sustained release capabilities,and enhanced protective effects.This holds significant potential for future advancements in cancer management.Herein,this review aims to provide intensive literature on diverse nanocarriers,highlighting their applications as cargos for phytocompounds in cancer.Moreover,it offers an overview of the current advancements in the respective field,emphasizing the characteristics that contribute to favourable outcomes in both in vitro and in vivo settings.Lastly,clinical development and regulatory concerns are also discussed to check on the transformation of the concept as a promising strategy for combination therapy of phytochemicals and chemotherapeutics that could lead to cancer management in the future.
文摘In a brand new era,with chaotic scenario that exists within the world,people are undermined with diverse psychological assaults.There have been numerous sensible approaches on the way to understand and lessen those attacks.Bioscrypt developments have verified to be one of the beneficial approaches for intercepting these troubles.Identifying recognition through human iris organ is said as one of the well-known biometric strategies because of its reliability and higher accurate return in comparison to different developments.Reviewing beyond literatures,terrible imaging condition,low flexibility of version,and small length iris image dataset are the constraints desiring solutions.Among these kinds of developments,the iris popularity structures are suitable gear for the human identification.Iris popularity has been an energetic studies location for the duration of previous couple of decades,due to its extensive packages in the areas,from airports to native land protection border protection.In the past,various functions and methods for iris recognition have been presented.Despite of the very fact that there are many approaches published in this field,there are still liberal amount of problems in this methodology like tedious and computational intricacy.We suggest an all-encompassing deep learning architecture for iris recognition supported by a genetic algorithm and a wavelet transformation,which may jointly learn the feature representation and perform recognition to realize high efficiency.With just a few training photos from each class,we train our model on a well-known iris recognition dataset and demonstrate improvements over prior methods.We think that this architecture can be frequently employed for various biometric recognition jobs,assisting in the development of a more scalable and precise system.The exploratory aftereffects of the proposed technique uncover that the strategy is effective inside the iris acknowledgment.
文摘Objective: To study the effects of aqueous extract of Gmelina arborea bark on normoglycemic levels and streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in rats. Methods: After single administration of the aqueous extract, plasma glucose level was determined up to 6 h. In subacute study, the aqueous extract was administered for 28 d and plasma glucose level was determined weekly. The diabetes was induced in rats by the intraperitoneal injection of STZ at a dose of 55 mg/kg body weight. The diabetic animals were divided into four groups containing six in each: Group 栺 diabetic control, Group 栻 and 栿 treated with the aqueous extract respectively at a dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight once daily and Group 桇 treated with glibenclamide at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg body weight once daily. In acute study, the aqueous extract and glibenclamide were administered orally to rats. Plasma glucose levels were determined at 30, 60, 120, 240 and 360 min after the administration of the test samples. To study subacute effects, test samples (the aqueous extract and glibenclamide) were administered for 28 d consecutively. The effects of each test sample on plasma glucose level, body weight as well as food and water intake were also monitored weekly. The oral glucose tolerance test and biochemical indicators were estimated on day 28. Results: The aqueous extract did not significantly decrease the plasma glucose level in the normoglycemic rats as shown by the acute and subacute assays. However, after oral administration of the aqueous extract, the plasma glucose level was significantly ( P<0.001) decreased in the diabetic rats in the acute study. The long-term administration of the aqueous extract significantly ( P<0.001) reduced plasma glucose levels of the diabetic rats. Additionally, the aqueous extract also reduced loss of body weight and significantly decreased food and water intake in the diabetic animals. Nevertheless, no effects on biochemical indicators were observed at the selected doses. Conclusions: The aqueous extract of Gmelina arborea bark had antihyperglycemic activity against STZ induced diabetes in rats, after single and subacute oral administration. Moreover, it did not show significant glucose lowering effect in normoglycemic rats.
文摘Metformin hydrochloride and sitagliptin phosphate is the common combination among diabetic drugs.Available dosage forms cannot avoid the dose dumping which leads to the complication such as lactic acidosis,gastrointestinal complication,and severe hypoglycemia.Metformin hydrochloride has a very short half-life,i.e.4 hrs,and thus fails to give action for the long period.This leads to the increase number of dosings per day.Single-unit formulations contain the active ingredient within the single tablet or capsule,whereasmultiple-unit dosage forms comprise a number of discrete particles that are combined into one dosage unit.
基金TMA Pai University Research Fund,Manipal Group,India(Grant No.6100/SMIT/R&D/Project/08/2018).
文摘In this work,diamond-like carbon(DLC)thin film coatings are deposited on silicon substrates by using plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition(PECVD)technique.By varying the hydrogen(H2)flow rate,CH4−Argon(Ar)flow rate and deposition temperature(Td)as per a Box-Behnken experimental design(BBD),15 DLC deposition experiments are carried out.The Young’s modulus(E)and the coefficient of friction(COF)for the DLCs are measured.By using a second-order polynomial regression approach,two metamodels are built for E and COF,that establish them as functions of H2 flow rate,CH4-Ar flow rate and Td.A non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-III)is used to obtain a set of Pareto solutions for the multi-objective optimization of E maximization and COF minimization.According to various practical scenarios,evaluation based on distance from average solution(EDAS)approach is used to identify the most feasible solutions out of the Pareto solution set.Confirmation experiments are conducted which shows the efficacy of the polynomial regression—NSGA-III—EDAS hybrid approach.The surface morphology of the DLCs deposited as per the optimal predictions is also studied by using atomic force microscopy.
文摘Objective The study aimed to synthesize and characterize pyrimidine-linked benzimidazole hybrids,define their antimicrobial and antifungal activities in vitro,and determine their ability to inhibit the main protease and spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2.Methods The ability of the synthesized compounds to inhibit the main protease and spike glycoprotein inhibitory of SARS-CoV-2 was investigated by assessing their mode of binding to the allosteric site of the enzyme using molecular docking.The structures of pyrimidine-linked benzimidazole derivatives synthesized with microwave assistance were confirmed by spectral analysis.Antibacterial and antifungal activities were determined by broth dilution.Results Gram-negative bateria(Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa)were more sensitive than gram-positive bateria(Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes)to the derivatives.Candida albicans was sensitive to the derivatives at a minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of 250μg/mL.The novel derivatives had better binding affinity(kcal/mol)than nelfinavir,lopinavir,ivermectin,remdesivir,and favipiravir,which are under investigation as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Compounds 2c,2e,and 2g formed four hydrogen bonds with the active cavity of the main protease.Many derivatives had good binding affinity for the RBD of the of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein with the formation of up to four hydrogen bonds.Conclusion We synthesized novel pyrimidine-linked benzi-midazole derivatives that were potent antimicrobial agents with ability to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein.Understanding the pharmacophore features of the main protease and spike glycoprotein offers much scope for the development of more potent agents.We plan to optimize the properties of the derivatives using models in vivo and in vitro so that they will serve as more effective therapeutic options against bacterial and SARS-CoV-2 infections.
文摘The oral mucosa is vascularized,drugs can be absorbed directly and can enter the systemic circulation without firstpass metabolism[1].This advantage can be used in preparing products with increased oral bioavailability of molecules that undergo first pass metabolism.Thus oral mucosa is an attractive site for drug delivery[2,3].The objective of this research work is to formulate mouth dissolving film of nifedipine for enhanced bioavailability.nifedipine is used to treat hypertension and angina pectoris.
文摘Optimizing the performance of composite structures is a real-world application with significant benefits.In this paper,a high-fidelity finite element method(FEM)is combined with the iterative improvement capability of metaheuristic optimization algorithms to obtain optimized composite plates.The FEM module comprises of ninenode isoparametric plate bending element in conjunction with the first-order shear deformation theory(FSDT).A recently proposed memetic version of particle swarm optimization called RPSOLC is modified in the current research to carry out multi-objective Pareto optimization.The performance of the MO-RPSOLC is found to be comparable with the NSGA-III.This work successfully highlights the use of FEM-MO-RPSOLC in obtaining highfidelity Pareto solutions considering simultaneous maximization of the fundamental frequency and frequency separation in laminated composites by optimizing the stacking sequence.
