Background: Laparoscopic surgery has many advantages among which are, decrease post operatory pain and complications. It’s practice in the capital of Cameroon is still a luxury and it is almost non-existent in periph...Background: Laparoscopic surgery has many advantages among which are, decrease post operatory pain and complications. It’s practice in the capital of Cameroon is still a luxury and it is almost non-existent in peripheral zones. The aim of this study is to present the results of the first laparoscopy surgeries done at the Yokadouma district hospital located in the east region at 600 km from Yaoundé. Methods: This is a descriptive prospective study carried out from march 2020 to march 2021 in the general surgery department of the Yokadouma district hospital. Patients operated by laparoscopy during this period were included in the study giving a sample size of 40 patients. The data collected were analyzed by “Census software and Survey Processing System” (CSPRO). Results: Majority of patients, 57.5% were males and aged between 16 and 30 years (32.5% of cases). Most patients (30% of patients) were farmers. Transabdominal preperitoneal prosthesis plasty for hernia represented 55% of interventions followed by appendicectomy (15%) and cholecystectomy (7.5%). Two procedures (0.8%) required conversion into open surgery. Post-operative complications were very rare and were encountered just by one patient who presented a parietal suppuration. Interventions in 77% of cases cost less than 200,000 CFA FRANCS (400$). Conclusion: The example of Yokadouma shows that laparoscopy should be developed in peripheral zones so that its residents can benefit from its multiple advantages.展开更多
Increased human and industrial activities have exacerbated the release of toxic materials and acute envi-ronmental pollution in recent times.Biochar,a carbon-rich material produced from biomass,is gaining momentum as ...Increased human and industrial activities have exacerbated the release of toxic materials and acute envi-ronmental pollution in recent times.Biochar,a carbon-rich material produced from biomass,is gaining momentum as a versatile material for attaining a sustainable environment.The study reviews the application of functionalized biochar for energy storage,environmental remediation,catalysis,and sustainable agriculture,aiming to achieve a greener future.Thedeployment of crop residues as a renewable feedstock for biochar,and their properties,compositions,modification,and functionalization techniques are also discussed.Additionally,the avenues for applying functionalized biochar to achieve a greener future,future trends and innovations,challenges,and future research directions are highlighted.Despite the limitations of scalability,ecotoxicological risks,logistical issues,lack of characterization protocols,high production costs,poor social acceptance,and inadequate policy and regulatory frameworks,functionalized biochar offers a better surface area,improved porosity,enhanced functional groups,and higher recoverability,leading to improved performance,adsorption capacity,biodegradability,and applications in specialized fields.Future research should prioritize standardization,scalability,cost reduction strategies,expansion of application areas,integration of emerging tools such as artificial intelligence and predictive modeling,and the development of policy and regulatory frameworks,ensuring that biochar’s full potential is harnessed effectively to support a low-carbon,resource-efficient future and global sustainability goals.展开更多
To investigate the effect of typhoon path translation on storm surge augmentation,the storm surge during Typhoon 1909 Lekima in the East China Sea is simulated using Delft 3D.The model sets up three scenarios to analy...To investigate the effect of typhoon path translation on storm surge augmentation,the storm surge during Typhoon 1909 Lekima in the East China Sea is simulated using Delft 3D.The model sets up three scenarios to analyze the path’s effect on storm surge in the Shandong Peninsula Sea by shifting the typhoon path to the east and west.Results show that the areas of maximum storm surge in each scenario are located on both sides of the typhoon path and shift along with its movement.When the typhoon path shifts eastward,the maximum storm surge intensifies at Zhifu Island station 8 hours earlier.Conversely,a westward shift in the typhoon track leads to a maximum storm surge increase at Shidao Island station 12 hours earlier.Other scenarios exhibit minimal deviation from the original route.Typhoons penetrating deep inland can induce substantial storm surges,with the most extensive surge area situated in the western part of the Shandong Peninsula.展开更多
Since 2007,the world's largest transregional green tides caused by Ulva prolifera have periodically occurred in China.The morphology of U.prolifera drastically changes during the drifting period,but the reason for...Since 2007,the world's largest transregional green tides caused by Ulva prolifera have periodically occurred in China.The morphology of U.prolifera drastically changes during the drifting period,but the reason for this phenomenon has still been under debate.Our results showed that temperature partly explained the changes in the morphology of U.prolifera,with a determining factor of 0.498.The ratio of highly branched thalli decreased as the temperature increased from around 25 to 30℃.Because morphological changes and physiological acclimation synergistically occurred in floating macroalgae,we hypothesized that if the morphology of U.prolifera is also determined by its development state,and the U.prolifea thalli with different development states should have distinct morphological and physiological traits even under the same environmental conditions.To test the hypothesis,we investigated the photosynthesis of U.prolifera and found a higher photosynthetic capacity but lower photoprotective capacity in algae that grew in the branched development state compared to those in the unbranched development state.Combined with other field observations and lab experiments,we suggest that both temperature and development state contribute to the morphological changes of U.prolifera.Given the varying trends of temperature during U.prolifera blooms in past eleven years and the initial occurrence of U.prolifera thalli in the branched development state in the source of algal bloom,we emphasize the need for source management of green tides.展开更多
A new planktonic dinoflagellate, Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu sp. nov., is described in the present paper. The water sample was collected from the Changjiang Estuary, the East China Sea. The species identification is b...A new planktonic dinoflagellate, Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu sp. nov., is described in the present paper. The water sample was collected from the Changjiang Estuary, the East China Sea. The species identification is based on shape, size, surface micro morphology, ornamentation of thecal plates and the architecture of the periflagellar area and the intercalary bands as seen by light and scanning electron microscope. Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu sp. nov. is compared with other prorocentrum species with respect to morphological characteristics and bloom behavior. It is not known whether Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu sp. nov produces phycotoxins like some other Prorocentrum species. Four other red tide species in the family Prorocentraceae (Dinophyceae), namely P. balticum , P. minimum, P. micans, P. triestinum , were examined and identified by light and scanning electron microscope. They have been recorded as bloom forming species. Some aggregates of Prorocentrum are observed at the end of blooms. An event of strong discoloration caused by P. donghaiense could be detected by satellite sensor in the East China Sea in the late spring of 1995.展开更多
Antarctic krill (Euphasia superba Dana)is a key organism of the Antarctic marine ecosystem and a potential fishery resoure. Its ecology was the major biologial project in the First Chinese Antarctic Expedition (1985)....Antarctic krill (Euphasia superba Dana)is a key organism of the Antarctic marine ecosystem and a potential fishery resoure. Its ecology was the major biologial project in the First Chinese Antarctic Expedition (1985). Acoustic observations and IKMT tows were madecin waters north and west of Antarctic Peninsula .Environmental factors were also observed. Analyses of the population structure, i.e. the sex percentage distribution and other data obtained show that among the 3,640 individuals of determinable sex, only 38.1 % were males and that the larger the body length the smaller the percentage of males,for example, male percentage dropped to 8.3% for size group 】 55 mm. The population’s relations to environmental factors are also discussed.展开更多
Based on the MASNUM wave-tide-circulation coupled numerical model, the temperature structure along 35°N in the Yellow Sea was simulated and compared with the observations. One of the notable features of the tempe...Based on the MASNUM wave-tide-circulation coupled numerical model, the temperature structure along 35°N in the Yellow Sea was simulated and compared with the observations. One of the notable features of the temperature structure along 35°N section is the double cold cores phenomena during spring and summer. The double cold cores refer to the two cold water centers located near 122°E and 125°E from the depth of 30m to bottom. The formation, maintenance and disappearance of the double cold cores are discussed. At least two reasons make the temperature in the center (near 123°E) of the section higher than that near the west and east shores in winter. One reason is that the water there is deeper than the west and east sides so its heat content is higher. The other is invasion of the warm water brought by the Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC) during winter.This temperature pattern of the lower layer (from 30m to bottom) is maintained through spring and summer when the upper layer (0 to 30m) is heated and strong thermocline is formed. Large zonal span of the 35°N section (about 600 km) makes the cold cores have more opportunity to survive. The double cold cores phenomena disappears in early autumn when the west cold core vanishes first with the dropping of the thermocline position.展开更多
基金英国伦敦大学亚非学院(SOAS)塞恩斯伯里日本艺术与文化研究所(Sainsbury Institute for the Study of Japanese Arts and Cultures)罗伯特与丽莎·塞恩斯伯里研究奖金(Robert and Lisa Sainsbury Fellowship,2003-2004)的资助。
文摘Background: Laparoscopic surgery has many advantages among which are, decrease post operatory pain and complications. It’s practice in the capital of Cameroon is still a luxury and it is almost non-existent in peripheral zones. The aim of this study is to present the results of the first laparoscopy surgeries done at the Yokadouma district hospital located in the east region at 600 km from Yaoundé. Methods: This is a descriptive prospective study carried out from march 2020 to march 2021 in the general surgery department of the Yokadouma district hospital. Patients operated by laparoscopy during this period were included in the study giving a sample size of 40 patients. The data collected were analyzed by “Census software and Survey Processing System” (CSPRO). Results: Majority of patients, 57.5% were males and aged between 16 and 30 years (32.5% of cases). Most patients (30% of patients) were farmers. Transabdominal preperitoneal prosthesis plasty for hernia represented 55% of interventions followed by appendicectomy (15%) and cholecystectomy (7.5%). Two procedures (0.8%) required conversion into open surgery. Post-operative complications were very rare and were encountered just by one patient who presented a parietal suppuration. Interventions in 77% of cases cost less than 200,000 CFA FRANCS (400$). Conclusion: The example of Yokadouma shows that laparoscopy should be developed in peripheral zones so that its residents can benefit from its multiple advantages.
文摘Increased human and industrial activities have exacerbated the release of toxic materials and acute envi-ronmental pollution in recent times.Biochar,a carbon-rich material produced from biomass,is gaining momentum as a versatile material for attaining a sustainable environment.The study reviews the application of functionalized biochar for energy storage,environmental remediation,catalysis,and sustainable agriculture,aiming to achieve a greener future.Thedeployment of crop residues as a renewable feedstock for biochar,and their properties,compositions,modification,and functionalization techniques are also discussed.Additionally,the avenues for applying functionalized biochar to achieve a greener future,future trends and innovations,challenges,and future research directions are highlighted.Despite the limitations of scalability,ecotoxicological risks,logistical issues,lack of characterization protocols,high production costs,poor social acceptance,and inadequate policy and regulatory frameworks,functionalized biochar offers a better surface area,improved porosity,enhanced functional groups,and higher recoverability,leading to improved performance,adsorption capacity,biodegradability,and applications in specialized fields.Future research should prioritize standardization,scalability,cost reduction strategies,expansion of application areas,integration of emerging tools such as artificial intelligence and predictive modeling,and the development of policy and regulatory frameworks,ensuring that biochar’s full potential is harnessed effectively to support a low-carbon,resource-efficient future and global sustainability goals.
基金supported by the Yantai Science,Technology and Innovation Development Programme(Nos.2023 JCYJ094,2023JCYJ097)the Major Research Grant from the Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.42330406)。
文摘To investigate the effect of typhoon path translation on storm surge augmentation,the storm surge during Typhoon 1909 Lekima in the East China Sea is simulated using Delft 3D.The model sets up three scenarios to analyze the path’s effect on storm surge in the Shandong Peninsula Sea by shifting the typhoon path to the east and west.Results show that the areas of maximum storm surge in each scenario are located on both sides of the typhoon path and shift along with its movement.When the typhoon path shifts eastward,the maximum storm surge intensifies at Zhifu Island station 8 hours earlier.Conversely,a westward shift in the typhoon track leads to a maximum storm surge increase at Shidao Island station 12 hours earlier.Other scenarios exhibit minimal deviation from the original route.Typhoons penetrating deep inland can induce substantial storm surges,with the most extensive surge area situated in the western part of the Shandong Peninsula.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3106000)the major innovation project for the science education industry integration pilot project of Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)(No.2023JBZ03)+1 种基金the talent research projects of Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Science)(No.2023RCKY039)the open funding project of Key Laboratory of Marine ecological monitoring and restoration technologies,MNR,China(No.MEMRT202301)。
文摘Since 2007,the world's largest transregional green tides caused by Ulva prolifera have periodically occurred in China.The morphology of U.prolifera drastically changes during the drifting period,but the reason for this phenomenon has still been under debate.Our results showed that temperature partly explained the changes in the morphology of U.prolifera,with a determining factor of 0.498.The ratio of highly branched thalli decreased as the temperature increased from around 25 to 30℃.Because morphological changes and physiological acclimation synergistically occurred in floating macroalgae,we hypothesized that if the morphology of U.prolifera is also determined by its development state,and the U.prolifea thalli with different development states should have distinct morphological and physiological traits even under the same environmental conditions.To test the hypothesis,we investigated the photosynthesis of U.prolifera and found a higher photosynthetic capacity but lower photoprotective capacity in algae that grew in the branched development state compared to those in the unbranched development state.Combined with other field observations and lab experiments,we suggest that both temperature and development state contribute to the morphological changes of U.prolifera.Given the varying trends of temperature during U.prolifera blooms in past eleven years and the initial occurrence of U.prolifera thalli in the branched development state in the source of algal bloom,we emphasize the need for source management of green tides.
文摘A new planktonic dinoflagellate, Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu sp. nov., is described in the present paper. The water sample was collected from the Changjiang Estuary, the East China Sea. The species identification is based on shape, size, surface micro morphology, ornamentation of thecal plates and the architecture of the periflagellar area and the intercalary bands as seen by light and scanning electron microscope. Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu sp. nov. is compared with other prorocentrum species with respect to morphological characteristics and bloom behavior. It is not known whether Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu sp. nov produces phycotoxins like some other Prorocentrum species. Four other red tide species in the family Prorocentraceae (Dinophyceae), namely P. balticum , P. minimum, P. micans, P. triestinum , were examined and identified by light and scanning electron microscope. They have been recorded as bloom forming species. Some aggregates of Prorocentrum are observed at the end of blooms. An event of strong discoloration caused by P. donghaiense could be detected by satellite sensor in the East China Sea in the late spring of 1995.
文摘Antarctic krill (Euphasia superba Dana)is a key organism of the Antarctic marine ecosystem and a potential fishery resoure. Its ecology was the major biologial project in the First Chinese Antarctic Expedition (1985). Acoustic observations and IKMT tows were madecin waters north and west of Antarctic Peninsula .Environmental factors were also observed. Analyses of the population structure, i.e. the sex percentage distribution and other data obtained show that among the 3,640 individuals of determinable sex, only 38.1 % were males and that the larger the body length the smaller the percentage of males,for example, male percentage dropped to 8.3% for size group 】 55 mm. The population’s relations to environmental factors are also discussed.
文摘Based on the MASNUM wave-tide-circulation coupled numerical model, the temperature structure along 35°N in the Yellow Sea was simulated and compared with the observations. One of the notable features of the temperature structure along 35°N section is the double cold cores phenomena during spring and summer. The double cold cores refer to the two cold water centers located near 122°E and 125°E from the depth of 30m to bottom. The formation, maintenance and disappearance of the double cold cores are discussed. At least two reasons make the temperature in the center (near 123°E) of the section higher than that near the west and east shores in winter. One reason is that the water there is deeper than the west and east sides so its heat content is higher. The other is invasion of the warm water brought by the Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC) during winter.This temperature pattern of the lower layer (from 30m to bottom) is maintained through spring and summer when the upper layer (0 to 30m) is heated and strong thermocline is formed. Large zonal span of the 35°N section (about 600 km) makes the cold cores have more opportunity to survive. The double cold cores phenomena disappears in early autumn when the west cold core vanishes first with the dropping of the thermocline position.
