The traits of rural domestic sewage emission are unclear,negatively affecting rural domestic sewage treatment and sewage management.This study used data from the Second National Pollution Source Census Bulletin to est...The traits of rural domestic sewage emission are unclear,negatively affecting rural domestic sewage treatment and sewage management.This study used data from the Second National Pollution Source Census Bulletin to establish a data set.The spatial distribution characteristics and main factors influencing rural sewage discharge in the Northern Region were studied using spatial autocorrelation analysis and structural equations.The findings demonstrated that(l)a significant Spearman correlation between drainage water volume(DwV),chemical oxygen demand(COD),ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N),total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP)and that the correlation coefficients between DWV and COD,NH,-N,TNand TP were 0.87**,1.0**,0.99**,0.99**,respectively;(2)rural sewage discharge showed spatial autocorrelation,and rural domestic sewage discharge in the districts and counties with an administration was significantly higher than in the surrounding areas;and(3)social development was the main driver rural domestic sewage changes(path coefficient was 0.407**),and the main factors influencing rural domestic sewage discharge were the urbanization rate,years of education,and population age structure.This study obtained the spatial variation law and clarified the main influencing factors of rural domestic sewage to provide data support and a theoretical basis for subsequent rural sewage collection and treatment.Use of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in northern China as a typical case,provides a theoretical foundation for scientific decision-making on rural domestic sewage treatment at the national and regional levels and offers new perspectives for managing pollutants.展开更多
With the rapid pace of global urbanization,health risks faced by rural communities are often overlooked.Deaths Attributable to Unsafe Sanitation in Rural areas(DAUSRs)are influenced by demographic factors,disease mort...With the rapid pace of global urbanization,health risks faced by rural communities are often overlooked.Deaths Attributable to Unsafe Sanitation in Rural areas(DAUSRs)are influenced by demographic factors,disease mortality rates,and environmental sanitation conditions.However,most studies have been limited in scope and scale and lack a comprehensive evaluation framework for global DAUSRs.Therefore,this study estimated the global DAUSRs from 2000 to 2030,using data from the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)and the World Health Organization(WHO).We employed methods such as comparable risk assessment,Bayesian age(period)models,and AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average(ARIMA)models.Changes in the DAUSRs and their influencing factors were evaluated by applying a decomposition method to assess the impact of population dynamics,sanitation conditions,age structure,and disease mortality rates.The results indicated that despite improvements in rural sanitation,12.2%of rural populations will still lack access to sanitary toilets in 2030,with an estimated 243,000 deaths(CI:147,000−441,000)due to unsafe rural sanitation environments.This outcome highlights the need for better rural sanitation governance to provide for demographic shifts,such as aging and declining fertility rates,which are key drivers of DAUSRs.Regions such as Africa and Southeast Asia are at a higher risk with higher diarrhea-related mortality rates in rural areas.We suggest comprehensive measures,including enhancing rural medical facilities,improving sanitation infrastructure,and focusing on vulnerable groups,such as the elderly and children.These measures could inform global rural environmental and public health policies.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51838013)the project of Inner Mongolia"Prairie Talents"Engineering Innovation Entrepreneurship Talent Team,and the Innovation Team of the Inner Mongolia academy of Science and Technology(No.CXTD2023-01-016).
文摘The traits of rural domestic sewage emission are unclear,negatively affecting rural domestic sewage treatment and sewage management.This study used data from the Second National Pollution Source Census Bulletin to establish a data set.The spatial distribution characteristics and main factors influencing rural sewage discharge in the Northern Region were studied using spatial autocorrelation analysis and structural equations.The findings demonstrated that(l)a significant Spearman correlation between drainage water volume(DwV),chemical oxygen demand(COD),ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N),total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP)and that the correlation coefficients between DWV and COD,NH,-N,TNand TP were 0.87**,1.0**,0.99**,0.99**,respectively;(2)rural sewage discharge showed spatial autocorrelation,and rural domestic sewage discharge in the districts and counties with an administration was significantly higher than in the surrounding areas;and(3)social development was the main driver rural domestic sewage changes(path coefficient was 0.407**),and the main factors influencing rural domestic sewage discharge were the urbanization rate,years of education,and population age structure.This study obtained the spatial variation law and clarified the main influencing factors of rural domestic sewage to provide data support and a theoretical basis for subsequent rural sewage collection and treatment.Use of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in northern China as a typical case,provides a theoretical foundation for scientific decision-making on rural domestic sewage treatment at the national and regional levels and offers new perspectives for managing pollutants.
基金supported by the Joint Research Program for Ecological Conservation and High Quality Development of the Yellow River Basin(2022-YRUC-01-050202-02)the Qin Chuang Yuan Cited High-level Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talents Project(QCYRCXM-2022-73)+2 种基金National Key R&D Program of China(grant number:2020YFD1100500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number:51838013)the project of Inner Mongolia“Prairie Talents”Engineering Innovation Entrepreneurship Talent Team,and the Innovation Team of the Inner Mongolia Academy of Science and Technology(CXTD2023-01-016).
文摘With the rapid pace of global urbanization,health risks faced by rural communities are often overlooked.Deaths Attributable to Unsafe Sanitation in Rural areas(DAUSRs)are influenced by demographic factors,disease mortality rates,and environmental sanitation conditions.However,most studies have been limited in scope and scale and lack a comprehensive evaluation framework for global DAUSRs.Therefore,this study estimated the global DAUSRs from 2000 to 2030,using data from the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)and the World Health Organization(WHO).We employed methods such as comparable risk assessment,Bayesian age(period)models,and AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average(ARIMA)models.Changes in the DAUSRs and their influencing factors were evaluated by applying a decomposition method to assess the impact of population dynamics,sanitation conditions,age structure,and disease mortality rates.The results indicated that despite improvements in rural sanitation,12.2%of rural populations will still lack access to sanitary toilets in 2030,with an estimated 243,000 deaths(CI:147,000−441,000)due to unsafe rural sanitation environments.This outcome highlights the need for better rural sanitation governance to provide for demographic shifts,such as aging and declining fertility rates,which are key drivers of DAUSRs.Regions such as Africa and Southeast Asia are at a higher risk with higher diarrhea-related mortality rates in rural areas.We suggest comprehensive measures,including enhancing rural medical facilities,improving sanitation infrastructure,and focusing on vulnerable groups,such as the elderly and children.These measures could inform global rural environmental and public health policies.
