The development and improvement of tracheal stents,as an effective treatment for respiratory diseases such as tracheal stenosis and tracheal collapse,has been a hot topic in the field of medical engineering.In vitro t...The development and improvement of tracheal stents,as an effective treatment for respiratory diseases such as tracheal stenosis and tracheal collapse,has been a hot topic in the field of medical engineering.In vitro testing and animal experiments are key steps in evaluating the performance and safety of tracheal stents.This paper reviews the in vitro testing methods,animal experimental models,current research status,and future directions of tracheal stents,aiming to provide research directions for the development and in vitro and in vivo testing of tracheal stents.展开更多
Ever since the success of developing inhalable insulin,drug delivery via pulmonary administration has become an attractive route to treat chronic diseases.Pulmonary delivery system for nanotechnology is a relatively n...Ever since the success of developing inhalable insulin,drug delivery via pulmonary administration has become an attractive route to treat chronic diseases.Pulmonary delivery system for nanotechnology is a relatively new concept especially when applicable to lung cancer therapy.Nano-based systems such as liposome,polymeric nanoparticles or micelles are strategically designed to enhance the therapeutic index of anti-cancer drugs through improvement of their bioavailability,stability and residency at targeted lung regions.Along with these benefits,nano-based systems also provide additional diagnostic advantages during lung cancer treatment,including imaging,screening and drug tracking.Nevertheless,delivery of nanobased drugs via pulmonary administration for lung cancer therapy is still in its infancy and numerous challenges are expected.Pharmacology,immunology,toxicology and largescale manufacturing(stability and activity of drugs)are some aspects in nanotechnology that should be taken into consideration for the development of inhalable nano-based chemotherapeutic drugs.This review will focus on the current inhalable nano-based drugs for lung cancer treatment.展开更多
Theophylline(TP)is a very well established orally or intravenously delivered antiasthma drug with many beneficial effects.This study aims to improve asthma treatment by creating a dry powder inhalable(DPI)formulation ...Theophylline(TP)is a very well established orally or intravenously delivered antiasthma drug with many beneficial effects.This study aims to improve asthma treatment by creating a dry powder inhalable(DPI)formulation of TP to be delivered directly to the lung,avoiding the side effects associated with conventional oral delivery.The DPI TP formulation was investigated for its physico-chemical characteristics using scanning electron microscopy,laser diffraction,thermal analysis and dynamic vapour sorption.Furthermore,aerosol performance was assessed using the Multi Stage Liquid Impinger(MSLI).In addition,a Calu-3 cell transport assay was conducted in vitro using a modified ACI to study the impact of the DPI formulation on lung epithelial cells.Results showed DPI TP to be physico-chemically stable and of an aerodynamic size suitable for lung delivery.The aerosolisation performance analysis showed the TP DPI formulation to have a fine particle fraction of 29.70±2.59%(P<0.05)for the TP formulation containing 1.0%(w/w)sodium stearate,the most efficient for aerosolisation.Regarding the deposition of TP DPI on Calu-3 cells using the modified ACI,results demonstrated that 56.14±7.62%of the total TP deposited(13.07±1.69μg)was transported across the Calu-3 monolayer over 180 min following deposition,while 37.05±12.62%of the deposited TP was retained in the cells.This could be due to the presence of sodium stearate in the current formulation that increased its lipophilicity.A DPI formulation of TP was developed that was shown to be suitable for inhalation.展开更多
文摘The development and improvement of tracheal stents,as an effective treatment for respiratory diseases such as tracheal stenosis and tracheal collapse,has been a hot topic in the field of medical engineering.In vitro testing and animal experiments are key steps in evaluating the performance and safety of tracheal stents.This paper reviews the in vitro testing methods,animal experimental models,current research status,and future directions of tracheal stents,aiming to provide research directions for the development and in vitro and in vivo testing of tracheal stents.
文摘Ever since the success of developing inhalable insulin,drug delivery via pulmonary administration has become an attractive route to treat chronic diseases.Pulmonary delivery system for nanotechnology is a relatively new concept especially when applicable to lung cancer therapy.Nano-based systems such as liposome,polymeric nanoparticles or micelles are strategically designed to enhance the therapeutic index of anti-cancer drugs through improvement of their bioavailability,stability and residency at targeted lung regions.Along with these benefits,nano-based systems also provide additional diagnostic advantages during lung cancer treatment,including imaging,screening and drug tracking.Nevertheless,delivery of nanobased drugs via pulmonary administration for lung cancer therapy is still in its infancy and numerous challenges are expected.Pharmacology,immunology,toxicology and largescale manufacturing(stability and activity of drugs)are some aspects in nanotechnology that should be taken into consideration for the development of inhalable nano-based chemotherapeutic drugs.This review will focus on the current inhalable nano-based drugs for lung cancer treatment.
基金Professor Young is the recipient of an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship(project number FT110100996)Associate Professor Traini is the recipient of an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship(project number FT12010063).
文摘Theophylline(TP)is a very well established orally or intravenously delivered antiasthma drug with many beneficial effects.This study aims to improve asthma treatment by creating a dry powder inhalable(DPI)formulation of TP to be delivered directly to the lung,avoiding the side effects associated with conventional oral delivery.The DPI TP formulation was investigated for its physico-chemical characteristics using scanning electron microscopy,laser diffraction,thermal analysis and dynamic vapour sorption.Furthermore,aerosol performance was assessed using the Multi Stage Liquid Impinger(MSLI).In addition,a Calu-3 cell transport assay was conducted in vitro using a modified ACI to study the impact of the DPI formulation on lung epithelial cells.Results showed DPI TP to be physico-chemically stable and of an aerodynamic size suitable for lung delivery.The aerosolisation performance analysis showed the TP DPI formulation to have a fine particle fraction of 29.70±2.59%(P<0.05)for the TP formulation containing 1.0%(w/w)sodium stearate,the most efficient for aerosolisation.Regarding the deposition of TP DPI on Calu-3 cells using the modified ACI,results demonstrated that 56.14±7.62%of the total TP deposited(13.07±1.69μg)was transported across the Calu-3 monolayer over 180 min following deposition,while 37.05±12.62%of the deposited TP was retained in the cells.This could be due to the presence of sodium stearate in the current formulation that increased its lipophilicity.A DPI formulation of TP was developed that was shown to be suitable for inhalation.
