The water resources surveying and hydrological is required to understand and manage the impacts of climate change on the water systems.This review discusses the ways in which such surveys can be used in improving clim...The water resources surveying and hydrological is required to understand and manage the impacts of climate change on the water systems.This review discusses the ways in which such surveys can be used in improving climate resilience,procedures,practices,and opportunities.The innovations of the traditional ground-based surveys into the modern hydrological survey are the current technologies,remote sensing,Geographic Information Systems(GIS),and real-time sensor networks,which allow scanning the water resources in an extensive,accurate,and timely way.These high-level methods would help manage water systems with substantial data in the prediction of floods,droughts and other water hazards caused by climate change.In addition,a hydrological survey plays a very crucial role during the climate adaptation and mitigation process since it illuminates the sustainable level of water use and the sustainability of the ecosystem.Despite the tremendous development in the use of survey techniques,there remain problems of data gaps,the high cost of using the technique,and data integration enhancement.The future of hydrological surveying is to take advantage of the emerging technologies,encourage more stakeholder cooperation,and sustainable practices to enhance access to and use of data.This review determines the significance of hydrological surveying in the construction of climate resilience and presents the contribution of how future improvements in technology and cooperation can empower the management of water resources in the climate change environment.展开更多
On September 16,2022,the first imported monkeypox case was reported in the Chinese Mainland.Laboratory tests including nucleic acid detection were carried out in Chongqing Nan’an Centre for Disease Control and Preven...On September 16,2022,the first imported monkeypox case was reported in the Chinese Mainland.Laboratory tests including nucleic acid detection were carried out in Chongqing Nan’an Centre for Disease Control and Prevention and Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention.After that,monkeypox virus was isolated by the Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention and preserved at the National Pathogen Resource Center on September 18,2022.The National Pathogen Resource Center shared the basic information of monkeypox virus strain,samples,biosafety,strain imaging,RT-PCR primers,and probes sequence timely to support the prevention and control of monkeypox epidemic and facilitate the scientific research on vaccine development,drug screening and evaluation of monkeypox virus in the future.展开更多
Zebrafish （Danio rerio）, a small tropical freshwater fish native to east India, has rapidly emerged as a popular vertebrate model organism in the last two decades. There are multiple advantages of using zebrafish in...Zebrafish （Danio rerio）, a small tropical freshwater fish native to east India, has rapidly emerged as a popular vertebrate model organism in the last two decades. There are multiple advantages of using zebrafish in biological research, including its small size, short generation time of 2-3 months, external fertilization and development, high fecundity without seasonal variation, transparent embryos, and inexpensive maintenance. The well-annotated zebrafish genome contains more than 26,000 protein-coding genes, sharing over 80% similarity with human genome, and approximately 70% of human genes have its zebrafish orthologues. Drug administration in zebrafish can be as simple as adding chemicals into fish water, and therefore it is doable to design projects with a small budget compared to mice and rats. Zebrafish is also famous for its amazing regenerative abilities, for instance, it can regenerate fins, hair cells, retina, even heart and brain. All these features make zebrafish a valuable animal model to dissect the mechanisms of biological processes and human diseases [1,2].展开更多
The recent outbreak of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia(NCIP)in China(1)has attracted much attention domestically and internationally.As the outbreak occurred,China carried out emergency responses quickly,notified...The recent outbreak of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia(NCIP)in China(1)has attracted much attention domestically and internationally.As the outbreak occurred,China carried out emergency responses quickly,notified the World Health Organization(WHO)in a timely manner,and shared the viral gene sequence with international communities immediately after pathogenic identification.展开更多
The Chinese tree shrew has gained prominence as a model organism due to its phylogenetic proximity to primates,offering distinct advantages over traditional rodent models in biomedical research.However,the neuroanatom...The Chinese tree shrew has gained prominence as a model organism due to its phylogenetic proximity to primates,offering distinct advantages over traditional rodent models in biomedical research.However,the neuroanatomy of this species remains insufficiently defined,limiting its utility in neurophysiological and neuropathological studies.In this study,immunofluorescence microscopy was employed to comprehensively map the distribution of three calciumbinding proteins,parvalbumin,calbindin D-28k,and calretinin,across the tree shrew cerebrum.Serial brain sections in sagittal,coronal,and horizontal planes from 12 individuals generated a dataset of 3638 cellular-resolution images.This dataset,accessible via Science Data Bank(https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.23471),provides detailed region-and laminar-selective distributions of calcium-binding proteins valuable for the cyto-and chemoarchitectural characterization of the tree shrew cerebrum.This resource will not only advance our understanding of brain organization and facilitate basic and translational neuroscience research in tree shrews but also enhance comparative and evolutionary analyses across species.展开更多
Water scarcity and environment deterioration have become main constraints to sustainable economic and social development.Scientifically assessing Water Resources Carrying Capacity(WRCC)is essential for the optimal all...Water scarcity and environment deterioration have become main constraints to sustainable economic and social development.Scientifically assessing Water Resources Carrying Capacity(WRCC)is essential for the optimal allocation of regional water resources.The hilly area at the northern foot of Yanshan Mountains is a key water conservation zone and an important water source for Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei.Grasping the current status and temporal trends of water quality and WRCC in representative small watersheds within this region is crucial for supporting rational water resources allocation and environment protection efforts.This study focuses on Pingquan City,a typical watershed in northern Hebei Province.Firstly,evaluation index systems for surface water quality,groundwater quality and WRCC were estab-lished based on the Pressure-State-Response(PSR)framework.Then,comprehensive evaluations of water quality and WRCC at the sub-watershed scale were conducted using the Varying Fuzzy Pattern Recogni-tion(VFPR)model.Finally,the rationality of the evaluation results was verified,and future scenarios were projected.Results showed that:(1)The average comprehensive evaluation scores for surface water and groundwater quality in the sub-watersheds were 1.44 and 1.46,respectively,indicating that both met the national Class II water quality standard and reflected a high-quality water environment.(2)From 2010 to 2020,the region's WRCC steadily improved,with scores rising from 2.99 to 2.83 and an average of 2.90,suggesting effective water resources management in Pingquan City.(3)According to scenario-based predic-tion,WRCC may slightly decline between 2025 and 2030,reaching 2.92 and 2.94,respectively,relative to 2020 levels.Therefore,future efforts should focus on strengthening scientific management and promoting the efficient use of water resources.Proactive measures are necessary to mitigate emerging contradiction and ensure the long-term stability and sustainability of the water resources system in the region.The evalua-tion system and spatiotemporal evolution patterns proposed in this study can provide a scientific basis for refined water resource management and ecological conservation in similar hilly areas.展开更多
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease(EHD),a vector-borne disease affecting both wild and domestic ruminants,is transmitted by biting midges of the genus Culicoides.Since 2008,it has been classified as a notifiable disease by...Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease(EHD),a vector-borne disease affecting both wild and domestic ruminants,is transmitted by biting midges of the genus Culicoides.Since 2008,it has been classified as a notifiable disease by the World Organization for Animal Health(WOAH).The causative agent,Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus(EHDV),belongs to the genus Orbivirus within the family Reoviridae and possesses a viral genome comprising ten double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)segments(JiménezCabello et al.2023).To date,ten distinct serotypes of EHDV,designated as EHDV-1,2,and 4 through 11,have been identified globally(Anthony et al.2009;Maan et al.2017;Shirafuji et al.2017;Yang et al.2020).展开更多
Background:The absence of effective animal models for sporadic Alzheimer's disease(AD)remains a pivotal barrier to therapy development.Because methanol metabolism produces endogenous formaldehyde,a neurotoxic agen...Background:The absence of effective animal models for sporadic Alzheimer's disease(AD)remains a pivotal barrier to therapy development.Because methanol metabolism produces endogenous formaldehyde,a neurotoxic agent linked to cognitive decline,this study investigated whether chronic,low-dose methanol exposure could recapitulate AD-like pathology and cognitive deficits in rhesus monkey,thereby establishing a nonhuman primate animal model driven by this environmental-metabolic insult.Methods:Adult rhesus monkeys received low-concentration methanol for 9 months.Behavioral tests for cognition,locomotion,sleep,and vision were conducted.Postmortem analyses involved histopathological examination,immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescence,and Western blot to evaluate neuronal integrity,microglial activation,and the expression of key proteins associated with AD(amyloid-β[Aβ],phosphorylated tau,TAR DNA-binding protein 43[TDP-43])and cellular stress(synaptic markers,mitochondrial fission,autophagy,and apoptosis-related proteins).Results:Chronic methanol exposure led to progressive cognitive and memory impairment without significant motor or visual deficits.Neuropathology revealed brain atrophy,neuronal loss,synaptic damage,microglial activation,and mitochondrial structural disorganization.Critically,the exposed animals exhibited hallmark AD-like molecular alterations,including increased Aβ deposition,tau hyperphosphorylation,and TDP-43 dysregulation.Furthermore,neurotoxicity was associated with elevated urinary formaldehyde,enhanced mitochondrial fission,increased autophagy,and elevated apoptosis.Conclusion:Chronic low-dose methanol exposure in rhesus monkeys recapitulates progressive cognitive deficits and AD-like neuropathological features.This model,driven by endogenous formaldehyde toxicity,effectively mimics key aspects of sporadic AD.Our findings shed light on the neurotoxic mechanisms of methanol and propose a reproducible and translationally relevant nonhuman primate model for studying AD pathogenesis and evaluating potential therapeutics.展开更多
Soil organic carbon(SOC)dynamics significantly influence ecosystem carbon source-sink balance,particularly in agroecosystems.However,uncertainty remains regarding optimal land use types for maximizing farmland carbon ...Soil organic carbon(SOC)dynamics significantly influence ecosystem carbon source-sink balance,particularly in agroecosystems.However,uncertainty remains regarding optimal land use types for maximizing farmland carbon storage across different soil types,and identifying effective land management practices for enhanced carbon accumulation is essential for reducing agricultural emissions and strengthening carbon sinks.This study examined SOC variations in eastern Yunnan’s subtropical highlands(2,132 sites),analyzing topsoil(0–20 cm)across five land uses(dryland,irrigated land,forestland,grassland and plantation)of five soil types(red,yellow,yellowbrown,brown,purple).The investigation explored relationships between SOC and edaphic factors(26 elements)to determine SOC influencing factors.The study area demonstrated a mean SOC content of 27.78 g kg^(–1),with distinct spatial heterogeneity characterized by lower values in the southwestern sector and higher concentrations in the northeastern region.Brown soils displayed the highest SOC content(P<0.05),followed by yellow-brown then red,yellow,and purple soils.Irrigation significantly enhanced SOC storage,particularly in brown soils where irrigated land contained 2.2-,2.4-,and 1.6-times higher SOC than forestland,grassland,and dryland,respectively.Similar irrigation benefits occurred in purple,yellow,and yellow-brown soils,indicating moisture limitation as the primary SOC constraint.Notably,SOC exhibited strong positive correlations with nitrogen,sulfur,and selenium.Nitrogen fertilization demonstrated dual benefits:enhancing SOC sequestration and promoting Se enrichment in crops,potentially supporting specialty agriculture.Although land use impacts on SOC varied across soil types(P>0.05),irrigation consistently emerged as the optimal management for carbon sink enhancement.These findings suggest that targeted water management could effectively reduce farmland carbon emissions in moisture-limited subtropical highlands.Strategic nitrogen application offers co-benefits for soil fertility and selenium biofortification,providing practical pathways for climate-smart agriculture in similar ecoregions.展开更多
Background:Alzheimer's disease(AD)represents the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder,with mitochondrial dysfunction being observed in both AD patients and mouse models.Nonetheless,further investigation is re...Background:Alzheimer's disease(AD)represents the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder,with mitochondrial dysfunction being observed in both AD patients and mouse models.Nonetheless,further investigation is required to elucidate the pathogenic genes associated with AD and to develop early diagnostic methodologies centered on mitochondrial function.Methods:In this study,the dataset GSE132903 was retrieved from the GEO database,encompassing both non-demented(ND)control and AD samples.Through the combination of differential expression gene analysis,weighted gene co-expression network analysis,and intersection with mitochondrial database gene sets,four hub genes associated with AD were identified.These four hub genes were subsequently validated in APP/PS1 and 5xFAD mouse models using molecular biology techniques.Results:The hub genes identified through bioinformatics analysis include SYNJ2BP,VDAC1,NUBPL,and COX19.Within the GSE132903 dataset,the expression levels of SYNJ2BP,NUBPL,and COX19 were significantly elevated in the AD group compared to the non-demented(ND)group,whereas VDAC1 expression was reduced in the AD group relative to the ND group.Furthermore,in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 and 5xFAD mouse models,the expression patterns of SYNJ2BP and NUBPL were consistent with the bioinformatics analysis results.Conclusion:Hub genes identified here through bioinformatics and molecular biology may help early diagnosis of AD patients and may also help build new AD models to explore its pathogenesis.展开更多
Waves are important physical phenomena in an ocean,and their accurate prediction is essential for ocean engineering,maritime traffic,and marine early warning systems.This study focuses on the Qinhuangdao Sea area loca...Waves are important physical phenomena in an ocean,and their accurate prediction is essential for ocean engineering,maritime traffic,and marine early warning systems.This study focuses on the Qinhuangdao Sea area located in the Bohai Sea,China.Herein,we use on-site wind data to correct the reanalysis wind data obtained from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF),improving the accuracy of boundary conditions.Then,we use the Simulating WAves Nearshore(SWAN)model to simulate the regional wave field over time.A regional wave-parameter prediction model is then developed using a limited number of sampled data(covering only 2 years,2020–2021);the model is based on the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA),convolutional neural networks(CNNs),and long short-term memory(LSTM)neural networks.WOA is used to optimize the CNN and LSTM framework;in this framework,CNN extracts spatial features,and the LSTM network captures temporal features,enabling accurate short and long-term predictions of wave height,period,and direction.The experimental results showed that despite the small sample size,the model achieves a goodness of fit of 0.9957 for wave height prediction,0.9973 for period,and 0.9749 for wave direction in short-term forecasting.As the prediction step size increases,the accuracy of the model decreases.When the prediction step size reaches 9 h,the root mean square error for the prediction of wave height,period,and direction increases to 0.2060 m,0.4582 s,and32.5358°,respectively.The reliability and applicability of the model are further validated by the experimental results.Our findings highlighted the potential of the developed model in operational wave forecasting,even with a limited number of sampled data.展开更多
Safflower is an important oilseed crop that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years because of the clinically valuable flavonoid glycosides in its flower petals.However,the biosynthesis an...Safflower is an important oilseed crop that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years because of the clinically valuable flavonoid glycosides in its flower petals.However,the biosynthesis and molecular regulation of these compounds are still elusive due to the lack of a high-quality reference genome and scarce identification of key biosynthetic pathway genes in a medicinal safflower variety.Here we leveraged an integrative multi-omics strategy by combining genomic,comparative genomics,and tissue-specific transcriptome profiling with biochemical analysis to identify uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferases(UGTs)for flavonoid glycoside biosynthesis in safflower.We assembled and annotated a high-quality reference genome of a medicinal safflower variety,‘Yunhong3’.A comprehensive comparative genomic analysis indicated that an evolutionary whole-genome triplication event occurring in safflower contributed to gene amplification of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway.By combining comparative transcriptome profiling with enzymatic reactions,we identified 11 novel UGTs that could catalyze the conversion of naringenin chalcone and phloretin to the corresponding O-glycosides.Moreover,we outlined the molecular pathway of hydroxysafflor yellow A(HSYA)biosynthesis featured by 17 newly identified UGTs with promising catalytic activity,laying the foundation for the synthetic production of HSYA.Our study reports systemic genome and gene expression information for flavonoid glycoside biosynthesis in medicinal safflower and provides insights into mechanisms regulating HSYA biosynthesis,which would facilitate the genetic improvement and synthetic bioengineering design for producing clinically valuable flavonoid glycosides in safflower.展开更多
In floodplain wetlands,alterations in hydrological patterns resulting from climate change and human activities could potentially diminish the carbon sequestration capacity of the soils,thereby having a negative impact...In floodplain wetlands,alterations in hydrological patterns resulting from climate change and human activities could potentially diminish the carbon sequestration capacity of the soils,thereby having a negative impact on global climate change.However,the magnitude of the influence of hydrological regime change on soil carbon remains inadequately monitored.To address this research gap,we collected 306 upper layer(0–20 cm)soil samples from the Dongting Lake floodplain between 2013 and 2022.The random forest(RF)algorithm was used to analyze the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon(SOC)in the upper soil layer of Dongting Lake floodplain and the impact of climate and hydrological changes in the past decade on surface SOC in the East Dongting Lake area was studied.In 2022,the SOC concentration of the Dongting Lake floodplain upper layer soil ranged from 3.34 to 17.67 g kg^(-1),averaging 10.43 g kg^(-1),with a corresponding SOC density of(2.65±0.49)kg m^(-2) and total SOC stock of 6.82 Tg C(2.87–13.48 Tg C).From 2013 to 2022,the SOC concentration of the upper soil layer of the East Dongting Lake area decreased from 18.37 to 10.82 g kg^(-1).This reduction could be attributed to climate and hydrological changes which reduce SOC input by reducing vegetation growth and accelerating SOC decomposition.Above 21.4 m elevation,the amount of SOC loss increased with elevation,the loss being related to the decline in Miscanthus community biomass and greater susceptibility of higher altitude areas to climate and hydrological changes.Our results highlight the need for strengthening wetland SOC management to increase SOC in the soils to help combat climate change.展开更多
Background:The golden Syrian hamster is a valuable animal model for studying carcinogenesis,metabolic disorders,cardiovascular diseases,and viral infections due to its biological and pathological similarities to human...Background:The golden Syrian hamster is a valuable animal model for studying carcinogenesis,metabolic disorders,cardiovascular diseases,and viral infections due to its biological and pathological similarities to humans.However,the development of genetically engineered hamsters has lagged behind that of mice and rats,largely because of an embryonic development block at the two-cell stage in vitro.Although CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout has been achieved in hamsters,precise DNA fragment insertion or conditional knockout(cKO)models have not previously been reported,likely due to technical limitations in embryo manipulation and insufficient efficiency of homology-directed repair(HDR).Methods:In this study,we generated conditional alleles of the ApoF gene in golden Syrian hamsters.A two-cut strategy was applied using Cas9 protein,two sgRNAs,and a single donor plasmid containing exon 2 flanked by loxP sites and two~0.8 kb homology arms.A mixture of Cas9 protein,sgRNAs,and the donor plasmid was microinjected into the pronuclei of one-cell stage hamster embryos.Results:The efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated loxP knock-in reached up to 27%,and the genetically modified floxed alleles were successfully transmitted through the germline.The functionality of the inserted loxP sites was validated by in vivo Cremediated recombination following local administration of AAV vectors,including AAV-cTnT-Cre in the heart and AAV-CMV-Cre in the brain.Conclusions:To our knowledge,this work represents the first successful establishment of a conditional knockout model in the golden Syrian hamster,providing a valuable tool for mechanistic studies of gene function and disease modeling.展开更多
Accurate assessment of site quality in coastal Casuarina equisetifolia(C.equisetifolia)plantations is essential for enhancing the protective function of shelterbelts and implementing site-specific afforestation strate...Accurate assessment of site quality in coastal Casuarina equisetifolia(C.equisetifolia)plantations is essential for enhancing the protective function of shelterbelts and implementing site-specific afforestation strategies.However,traditional ground-based surveys are limited in spatial coverage and efficiency,hindering effective forest management.To overcome these limitations,this study developed an integrated assessment framework that couples ground-based modeling with remote sensing inversion to achieve large-scale site quality mapping.Field investigations on Pingtan Island,Fujian Province,China,were used to establish a ground-based evaluation model.Soil fertility was quantified using Principal Component Analysis(PCA),and principal components were classified into discrete fertility grades through K-means clustering.These grades,together with topographic variables,were incorporated into a site quality classification model constructed using Quantification Theory I.The point-based model was subsequently extrapolated using Landsat 9 imagery to generate a spatially continuous site quality map.Spatial autocorrelation(Moran’s Ⅰ)and LISA clustering were further employed to interpret spatial patterns.Results indicate that coastal sandy soils in the study area are generally nutrient-poor,with tree growth primarily constrained by total nitrogen,organic matter,available phosphorus,and total phosphorus.The five most influential site factors,ranked by importance,are soil fertility,distance from the coastline,aspect,slope gradient,and elevation.Optimal conditions for C.equisetifolia growth include fertile soil,location>1000 m from the coastline,south-facing or semi-sunny slopes,slope gradients<15°,and elevations between 10-100 m.Only 11.94%of the area was classified as high-quality(Grade I),while 61.74%fell into moderate or poor grades(Grades Ⅲ and Ⅳ),indicating that most plantations are located on suboptimal sites.This study provides scientific support for improving the precision and sustainability of coastal shelterbelt planning and management,offering practical insights for afforestation strategies,forest restoration,and ecological forestry development in coastal zones.展开更多
Rapid regional population shifts and spatial polarization have heightened pressure on cultivated land—a critical resource demanding urgent attention amid ongoing urban-rural transition.This study selects Jiangsu prov...Rapid regional population shifts and spatial polarization have heightened pressure on cultivated land—a critical resource demanding urgent attention amid ongoing urban-rural transition.This study selects Jiangsu province,a national leader in both economic and agricultural development,as a case area to construct a multidimensional framework for assessing the recessive morphological characteristics of multifunctional cultivated land use.We examine temporal dynamics,spatial heterogeneity,and propose an integrated zoning strategy based on empirical analysis.The results reveal that:(1)The recessive morphology index shows a consistent upward trend,with structural breaks in 2007 and 2013,and a spatial shift from“higher in the east and lower in the west”to“higher in the south and lower in the north.”(2)Coordination among sub-dimensions of the index has steadily improved.(3)The index is expected to continue rising in the next decade,though at a slower pace.(4)To promote coordinated multidimensional land-use development,we recommend a policy framework that reinforces existing strengths,addresses weaknesses,and adapts zoning schemes to current spatial conditions.This research offers new insights into multifunctional cultivated land systems and underscores their role in enhancing human well-being,securing food supply,and supporting sustainable urban-rural integration.展开更多
Glacial meltwater constitutes a vital component of the water supply in arid and semi-arid areas.However,the influence of glacial melting on runoff and evapotranspiration under global warming remains insufficiently und...Glacial meltwater constitutes a vital component of the water supply in arid and semi-arid areas.However,the influence of glacial melting on runoff and evapotranspiration under global warming remains insufficiently understood.Previous studies coupling the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model with glacier modules often failed to consider the spatial heterogeneity of temperature during glacial melting,potentially leading to biased estimates of meltwater volume.In this study,we developed a glacier-coupled SWAT(SWAT-glacier)model considering the digital elevation model(DEM)based temperature-driven glacial melt processes to elucidate the impact of glacial melting on hydrological processes across four river basins(Dongda,Xiying,Jinta,and Zamu)of the upper Shiyang River Basin(SYRB)in northwestern China from 1986 to 2021.Compared with the standard SWAT model,the proposed SWAT-glacier model significantly improved the simulation accuracy for both runoff and evapotranspiration.Specifically,in comparison with the standard SWAT model,the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of the SWAT-glacier model showed a relative improvement of approximately 0.42%–9.16%and 1.50%–10.15%for runoff and evapotranspiration,respectively,in the four river basins during the validation period.Annual glacial runoff occurred predominantly from May to October,whereas glacial melt-induced evapotranspiration peaked between June and August.From 1986 to 2021,the average contributions of glacial melt to runoff were 6.97%for Dongda,3.06%for Xiying,2.70%for Jinta,and 0.67%for Zamu,whereas its contributions to evapotranspiration were 9.06%,5.14%,3.21%,and 1.59%,respectively.This study presents a SWAT-glacier modeling framework that enhances the simulation of hydrological processes in cold regions.The proposed methodology can be extended to other glacierized basins to provide valuable insights into water resource management under climate change.展开更多
Based on the regional water resources carrying capacity(WRCC)evaluation principles and evaluation index system in the National Technical Outline of Water Resources Carrying Capacity Monitoring and Early Warning(hereaf...Based on the regional water resources carrying capacity(WRCC)evaluation principles and evaluation index system in the National Technical Outline of Water Resources Carrying Capacity Monitoring and Early Warning(hereafter referred to as the Technical Outline),this paper elaborates on the collection and sorting of the basic data of water resources conditions,water resources development and utilization status,social and economic development in basins,analysis and examination of integrity,consistency,normativeness,and rationality of the basic data,and the necessity of WRCC evaluation.This paper also describes the technique of evaluating the WRCC in prefecture-level cities and city-level administrative divisions in the District of the Taihu Lake Basin,which is composed of the Taihu Lake Basin and the Southeastern River Basin.The evaluation process combines the binary index evaluation method and reduction index evaluation method.The former,recommended by the Technical Outline,uses the total water use and the amount of exploited groundwater as evaluation indices,showing stronger operability,while the latter is developed by simplifying and optimizing the comprehensive index system with greater systematicness and completeness.The mutual validation and adjustment of the results of the above-mentioned two evaluation methods indicate that the WRCC of the District of the Taihu Lake Basin is overloaded in general because some prefecture-level cities and city-level administrative divisions in the Taihu Lake Basin and the Southeastern River Basin are in a severely overloaded state.In order to explain this conclusion,this paper analyzes the causes of WRCC overloading from the aspects of basin water environment,water resources development and utilization,water resources regulation and control ability,water resources utilization efficiency,and water resources management.展开更多
This paper, based on the analysis and calculation of the groundwater resources in an arid region from 1980 to 2001, put forward the concept of ecological groundwater level threshold for either salinity control or the ...This paper, based on the analysis and calculation of the groundwater resources in an arid region from 1980 to 2001, put forward the concept of ecological groundwater level threshold for either salinity control or the determination of ecological warning. The surveys suggest that soil moisture and soil salinity are the most important environmental factors in determining the distribution and changes in vegetation. The groundwater level threshold of ecological warning can be determined by using a network of groundwater depth observation sites that monitor the environmental moisture gradient as reflected by plant physiological characteristics. According to long-term field observations within the Ejin oases, the groundwater level threshold for salinity control varied between 0.5 m and 1.5 m, and the ecological warning threshold varied between 3.5 m and 4.0 m. The quantity of groundwater re- sources （renewable water resources, ecological water resources, and exploitable water resources） in arid areas can be calculated from regional groundwater level information, without localized hydrogeological data. The concept of groundwater level threshold of ecological warning was established according to water development and water re- sources supply, and available groundwater resources were calculated. The concept not only enriches and broadens the content of groundwater studies, but also helps in predicting the prospects for water resources development.展开更多
文摘The water resources surveying and hydrological is required to understand and manage the impacts of climate change on the water systems.This review discusses the ways in which such surveys can be used in improving climate resilience,procedures,practices,and opportunities.The innovations of the traditional ground-based surveys into the modern hydrological survey are the current technologies,remote sensing,Geographic Information Systems(GIS),and real-time sensor networks,which allow scanning the water resources in an extensive,accurate,and timely way.These high-level methods would help manage water systems with substantial data in the prediction of floods,droughts and other water hazards caused by climate change.In addition,a hydrological survey plays a very crucial role during the climate adaptation and mitigation process since it illuminates the sustainable level of water use and the sustainability of the ecosystem.Despite the tremendous development in the use of survey techniques,there remain problems of data gaps,the high cost of using the technique,and data integration enhancement.The future of hydrological surveying is to take advantage of the emerging technologies,encourage more stakeholder cooperation,and sustainable practices to enhance access to and use of data.This review determines the significance of hydrological surveying in the construction of climate resilience and presents the contribution of how future improvements in technology and cooperation can empower the management of water resources in the climate change environment.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project on Important Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control(2018ZX10734404)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC2602200)the National Science and Technology Infrastructure of China(Project No.National Pathogen Resource Center NPRC-32).
文摘On September 16,2022,the first imported monkeypox case was reported in the Chinese Mainland.Laboratory tests including nucleic acid detection were carried out in Chongqing Nan’an Centre for Disease Control and Prevention and Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention.After that,monkeypox virus was isolated by the Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention and preserved at the National Pathogen Resource Center on September 18,2022.The National Pathogen Resource Center shared the basic information of monkeypox virus strain,samples,biosafety,strain imaging,RT-PCR primers,and probes sequence timely to support the prevention and control of monkeypox epidemic and facilitate the scientific research on vaccine development,drug screening and evaluation of monkeypox virus in the future.
文摘Zebrafish （Danio rerio）, a small tropical freshwater fish native to east India, has rapidly emerged as a popular vertebrate model organism in the last two decades. There are multiple advantages of using zebrafish in biological research, including its small size, short generation time of 2-3 months, external fertilization and development, high fecundity without seasonal variation, transparent embryos, and inexpensive maintenance. The well-annotated zebrafish genome contains more than 26,000 protein-coding genes, sharing over 80% similarity with human genome, and approximately 70% of human genes have its zebrafish orthologues. Drug administration in zebrafish can be as simple as adding chemicals into fish water, and therefore it is doable to design projects with a small budget compared to mice and rats. Zebrafish is also famous for its amazing regenerative abilities, for instance, it can regenerate fins, hair cells, retina, even heart and brain. All these features make zebrafish a valuable animal model to dissect the mechanisms of biological processes and human diseases [1,2].
基金supported by National Science and Technology Major Project on Important Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control(2018ZX10734404)National Key Research and Development Project(2020YFC0840800,2020YFC0840900).
文摘The recent outbreak of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia(NCIP)in China(1)has attracted much attention domestically and internationally.As the outbreak occurred,China carried out emergency responses quickly,notified the World Health Organization(WHO)in a timely manner,and shared the viral gene sequence with international communities immediately after pathogenic identification.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation(STI)2030-Major Projects(2022ZD0205000 to L.L.)CAS“Light of West China”Program(xbzg-zdsys-202404 to L.L.)+1 种基金Yunnan Revitalization Talent Support Program Yunling Scholar Project(to L.L.)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202305AH340006,202301AS070060 to L.L.,202401AT070206 to X.C.)。
文摘The Chinese tree shrew has gained prominence as a model organism due to its phylogenetic proximity to primates,offering distinct advantages over traditional rodent models in biomedical research.However,the neuroanatomy of this species remains insufficiently defined,limiting its utility in neurophysiological and neuropathological studies.In this study,immunofluorescence microscopy was employed to comprehensively map the distribution of three calciumbinding proteins,parvalbumin,calbindin D-28k,and calretinin,across the tree shrew cerebrum.Serial brain sections in sagittal,coronal,and horizontal planes from 12 individuals generated a dataset of 3638 cellular-resolution images.This dataset,accessible via Science Data Bank(https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.23471),provides detailed region-and laminar-selective distributions of calcium-binding proteins valuable for the cyto-and chemoarchitectural characterization of the tree shrew cerebrum.This resource will not only advance our understanding of brain organization and facilitate basic and translational neuroscience research in tree shrews but also enhance comparative and evolutionary analyses across species.
基金financially supported by China Geological Survey Project(No.DD20220954)Open Funding Project of the Key Laboratory of Groundwater Sciences and Engineering,Ministry of Natural Resources(No.SK202301-4)+2 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of Comprehensive Survey&Command Center for Natural Resources(No.KC20240003)Yanzhao Shanshui Science and Innovation Fund of Langfang Integrated Natural Resources Survey Center,China Geological Survey(No.YZSSJJ202401-001)Open Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Coupling Process and Effect of Natural Resources Elements(No.2022KFKTC009).
文摘Water scarcity and environment deterioration have become main constraints to sustainable economic and social development.Scientifically assessing Water Resources Carrying Capacity(WRCC)is essential for the optimal allocation of regional water resources.The hilly area at the northern foot of Yanshan Mountains is a key water conservation zone and an important water source for Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei.Grasping the current status and temporal trends of water quality and WRCC in representative small watersheds within this region is crucial for supporting rational water resources allocation and environment protection efforts.This study focuses on Pingquan City,a typical watershed in northern Hebei Province.Firstly,evaluation index systems for surface water quality,groundwater quality and WRCC were estab-lished based on the Pressure-State-Response(PSR)framework.Then,comprehensive evaluations of water quality and WRCC at the sub-watershed scale were conducted using the Varying Fuzzy Pattern Recogni-tion(VFPR)model.Finally,the rationality of the evaluation results was verified,and future scenarios were projected.Results showed that:(1)The average comprehensive evaluation scores for surface water and groundwater quality in the sub-watersheds were 1.44 and 1.46,respectively,indicating that both met the national Class II water quality standard and reflected a high-quality water environment.(2)From 2010 to 2020,the region's WRCC steadily improved,with scores rising from 2.99 to 2.83 and an average of 2.90,suggesting effective water resources management in Pingquan City.(3)According to scenario-based predic-tion,WRCC may slightly decline between 2025 and 2030,reaching 2.92 and 2.94,respectively,relative to 2020 levels.Therefore,future efforts should focus on strengthening scientific management and promoting the efficient use of water resources.Proactive measures are necessary to mitigate emerging contradiction and ensure the long-term stability and sustainability of the water resources system in the region.The evalua-tion system and spatiotemporal evolution patterns proposed in this study can provide a scientific basis for refined water resource management and ecological conservation in similar hilly areas.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF0710500 and 2023YFF0724603)the Key Research&Development Program of Heilongjiang Province,China(Innovation Base)(JD2023SJ10)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research,China(1610302023003)。
文摘Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease(EHD),a vector-borne disease affecting both wild and domestic ruminants,is transmitted by biting midges of the genus Culicoides.Since 2008,it has been classified as a notifiable disease by the World Organization for Animal Health(WOAH).The causative agent,Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus(EHDV),belongs to the genus Orbivirus within the family Reoviridae and possesses a viral genome comprising ten double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)segments(JiménezCabello et al.2023).To date,ten distinct serotypes of EHDV,designated as EHDV-1,2,and 4 through 11,have been identified globally(Anthony et al.2009;Maan et al.2017;Shirafuji et al.2017;Yang et al.2020).
基金Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences,Grant/Award Number:2021-I2M-1-034Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Grant/Award Number:2023-PT180-01+1 种基金PUMC Innovation Fund for Graduate Students,Grant/Award Number:2017-1001-07National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:82161138027。
文摘Background:The absence of effective animal models for sporadic Alzheimer's disease(AD)remains a pivotal barrier to therapy development.Because methanol metabolism produces endogenous formaldehyde,a neurotoxic agent linked to cognitive decline,this study investigated whether chronic,low-dose methanol exposure could recapitulate AD-like pathology and cognitive deficits in rhesus monkey,thereby establishing a nonhuman primate animal model driven by this environmental-metabolic insult.Methods:Adult rhesus monkeys received low-concentration methanol for 9 months.Behavioral tests for cognition,locomotion,sleep,and vision were conducted.Postmortem analyses involved histopathological examination,immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescence,and Western blot to evaluate neuronal integrity,microglial activation,and the expression of key proteins associated with AD(amyloid-β[Aβ],phosphorylated tau,TAR DNA-binding protein 43[TDP-43])and cellular stress(synaptic markers,mitochondrial fission,autophagy,and apoptosis-related proteins).Results:Chronic methanol exposure led to progressive cognitive and memory impairment without significant motor or visual deficits.Neuropathology revealed brain atrophy,neuronal loss,synaptic damage,microglial activation,and mitochondrial structural disorganization.Critically,the exposed animals exhibited hallmark AD-like molecular alterations,including increased Aβ deposition,tau hyperphosphorylation,and TDP-43 dysregulation.Furthermore,neurotoxicity was associated with elevated urinary formaldehyde,enhanced mitochondrial fission,increased autophagy,and elevated apoptosis.Conclusion:Chronic low-dose methanol exposure in rhesus monkeys recapitulates progressive cognitive deficits and AD-like neuropathological features.This model,driven by endogenous formaldehyde toxicity,effectively mimics key aspects of sporadic AD.Our findings shed light on the neurotoxic mechanisms of methanol and propose a reproducible and translationally relevant nonhuman primate model for studying AD pathogenesis and evaluating potential therapeutics.
基金funded by the Yunnan Provincial Key Programs for Basic Research Project,China(202301AS070087)the Yunnan Provincial R&D Program,China(202405AF140014 and 202302AO370015)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42307058).
文摘Soil organic carbon(SOC)dynamics significantly influence ecosystem carbon source-sink balance,particularly in agroecosystems.However,uncertainty remains regarding optimal land use types for maximizing farmland carbon storage across different soil types,and identifying effective land management practices for enhanced carbon accumulation is essential for reducing agricultural emissions and strengthening carbon sinks.This study examined SOC variations in eastern Yunnan’s subtropical highlands(2,132 sites),analyzing topsoil(0–20 cm)across five land uses(dryland,irrigated land,forestland,grassland and plantation)of five soil types(red,yellow,yellowbrown,brown,purple).The investigation explored relationships between SOC and edaphic factors(26 elements)to determine SOC influencing factors.The study area demonstrated a mean SOC content of 27.78 g kg^(–1),with distinct spatial heterogeneity characterized by lower values in the southwestern sector and higher concentrations in the northeastern region.Brown soils displayed the highest SOC content(P<0.05),followed by yellow-brown then red,yellow,and purple soils.Irrigation significantly enhanced SOC storage,particularly in brown soils where irrigated land contained 2.2-,2.4-,and 1.6-times higher SOC than forestland,grassland,and dryland,respectively.Similar irrigation benefits occurred in purple,yellow,and yellow-brown soils,indicating moisture limitation as the primary SOC constraint.Notably,SOC exhibited strong positive correlations with nitrogen,sulfur,and selenium.Nitrogen fertilization demonstrated dual benefits:enhancing SOC sequestration and promoting Se enrichment in crops,potentially supporting specialty agriculture.Although land use impacts on SOC varied across soil types(P>0.05),irrigation consistently emerged as the optimal management for carbon sink enhancement.These findings suggest that targeted water management could effectively reduce farmland carbon emissions in moisture-limited subtropical highlands.Strategic nitrogen application offers co-benefits for soil fertility and selenium biofortification,providing practical pathways for climate-smart agriculture in similar ecoregions.
基金Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Grant/Award Number:2023-PT180-01 and 2023-PT330-01Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences,Grant/Award Number:2021-I2M-1-034National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:82161138027。
文摘Background:Alzheimer's disease(AD)represents the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder,with mitochondrial dysfunction being observed in both AD patients and mouse models.Nonetheless,further investigation is required to elucidate the pathogenic genes associated with AD and to develop early diagnostic methodologies centered on mitochondrial function.Methods:In this study,the dataset GSE132903 was retrieved from the GEO database,encompassing both non-demented(ND)control and AD samples.Through the combination of differential expression gene analysis,weighted gene co-expression network analysis,and intersection with mitochondrial database gene sets,four hub genes associated with AD were identified.These four hub genes were subsequently validated in APP/PS1 and 5xFAD mouse models using molecular biology techniques.Results:The hub genes identified through bioinformatics analysis include SYNJ2BP,VDAC1,NUBPL,and COX19.Within the GSE132903 dataset,the expression levels of SYNJ2BP,NUBPL,and COX19 were significantly elevated in the AD group compared to the non-demented(ND)group,whereas VDAC1 expression was reduced in the AD group relative to the ND group.Furthermore,in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 and 5xFAD mouse models,the expression patterns of SYNJ2BP and NUBPL were consistent with the bioinformatics analysis results.Conclusion:Hub genes identified here through bioinformatics and molecular biology may help early diagnosis of AD patients and may also help build new AD models to explore its pathogenesis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52071057,52171247)the Liaoning Youth Elite Talent Program(No.XLYC220309)。
文摘Waves are important physical phenomena in an ocean,and their accurate prediction is essential for ocean engineering,maritime traffic,and marine early warning systems.This study focuses on the Qinhuangdao Sea area located in the Bohai Sea,China.Herein,we use on-site wind data to correct the reanalysis wind data obtained from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF),improving the accuracy of boundary conditions.Then,we use the Simulating WAves Nearshore(SWAN)model to simulate the regional wave field over time.A regional wave-parameter prediction model is then developed using a limited number of sampled data(covering only 2 years,2020–2021);the model is based on the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA),convolutional neural networks(CNNs),and long short-term memory(LSTM)neural networks.WOA is used to optimize the CNN and LSTM framework;in this framework,CNN extracts spatial features,and the LSTM network captures temporal features,enabling accurate short and long-term predictions of wave height,period,and direction.The experimental results showed that despite the small sample size,the model achieves a goodness of fit of 0.9957 for wave height prediction,0.9973 for period,and 0.9749 for wave direction in short-term forecasting.As the prediction step size increases,the accuracy of the model decreases.When the prediction step size reaches 9 h,the root mean square error for the prediction of wave height,period,and direction increases to 0.2060 m,0.4582 s,and32.5358°,respectively.The reliability and applicability of the model are further validated by the experimental results.Our findings highlighted the potential of the developed model in operational wave forecasting,even with a limited number of sampled data.
基金supported by the ability establishment of sustainable use for valuable Chinese medicine resources(Grant No.2060302)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFA0900603)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0908000)the crosswise task based on DEYUANTANG pharmacy Co.,Ltd.Shanxi,China(Grant No.DYTKY180725).
文摘Safflower is an important oilseed crop that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years because of the clinically valuable flavonoid glycosides in its flower petals.However,the biosynthesis and molecular regulation of these compounds are still elusive due to the lack of a high-quality reference genome and scarce identification of key biosynthetic pathway genes in a medicinal safflower variety.Here we leveraged an integrative multi-omics strategy by combining genomic,comparative genomics,and tissue-specific transcriptome profiling with biochemical analysis to identify uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferases(UGTs)for flavonoid glycoside biosynthesis in safflower.We assembled and annotated a high-quality reference genome of a medicinal safflower variety,‘Yunhong3’.A comprehensive comparative genomic analysis indicated that an evolutionary whole-genome triplication event occurring in safflower contributed to gene amplification of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway.By combining comparative transcriptome profiling with enzymatic reactions,we identified 11 novel UGTs that could catalyze the conversion of naringenin chalcone and phloretin to the corresponding O-glycosides.Moreover,we outlined the molecular pathway of hydroxysafflor yellow A(HSYA)biosynthesis featured by 17 newly identified UGTs with promising catalytic activity,laying the foundation for the synthetic production of HSYA.Our study reports systemic genome and gene expression information for flavonoid glycoside biosynthesis in medicinal safflower and provides insights into mechanisms regulating HSYA biosynthesis,which would facilitate the genetic improvement and synthetic bioengineering design for producing clinically valuable flavonoid glycosides in safflower.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3204101 and 2023YFF0807202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20570 and U2444221)+4 种基金the Youth Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2021365)the Changsha Outstanding Innovative Youth Project,China(kq2305035)the Science,Technology and Innovation Platform Plan of Hunan Province,China(2022PT1010)the Major Scientific and Technological Projects of the Ministry of Water Resources,China(SKS-2022081)the Comprehensive Investigation and Potential Evaluation of Natural Resources Carbon Sink in Southern Hilly Region,China(DD20220880)。
文摘In floodplain wetlands,alterations in hydrological patterns resulting from climate change and human activities could potentially diminish the carbon sequestration capacity of the soils,thereby having a negative impact on global climate change.However,the magnitude of the influence of hydrological regime change on soil carbon remains inadequately monitored.To address this research gap,we collected 306 upper layer(0–20 cm)soil samples from the Dongting Lake floodplain between 2013 and 2022.The random forest(RF)algorithm was used to analyze the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon(SOC)in the upper soil layer of Dongting Lake floodplain and the impact of climate and hydrological changes in the past decade on surface SOC in the East Dongting Lake area was studied.In 2022,the SOC concentration of the Dongting Lake floodplain upper layer soil ranged from 3.34 to 17.67 g kg^(-1),averaging 10.43 g kg^(-1),with a corresponding SOC density of(2.65±0.49)kg m^(-2) and total SOC stock of 6.82 Tg C(2.87–13.48 Tg C).From 2013 to 2022,the SOC concentration of the upper soil layer of the East Dongting Lake area decreased from 18.37 to 10.82 g kg^(-1).This reduction could be attributed to climate and hydrological changes which reduce SOC input by reducing vegetation growth and accelerating SOC decomposition.Above 21.4 m elevation,the amount of SOC loss increased with elevation,the loss being related to the decline in Miscanthus community biomass and greater susceptibility of higher altitude areas to climate and hydrological changes.Our results highlight the need for strengthening wetland SOC management to increase SOC in the soils to help combat climate change.
基金State Key Laboratory Special Fund,Grant/Award Number:2060204Open Research Project in State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling,Grant/Award Number:Peking University,202411+3 种基金The Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Grant/Award Number:2023-PT180-01Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Innovation Fund,Grant/Award Number:HH24KYZX0007CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences,Grant/Award Number:2021-I2M-1-024,2022-I2M-1-020 and 2023-I2M-2-001the National Key Research and Development Program of China from the Ministry of Science and Technology,Grant/Award Number:2021YFF0702802。
文摘Background:The golden Syrian hamster is a valuable animal model for studying carcinogenesis,metabolic disorders,cardiovascular diseases,and viral infections due to its biological and pathological similarities to humans.However,the development of genetically engineered hamsters has lagged behind that of mice and rats,largely because of an embryonic development block at the two-cell stage in vitro.Although CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout has been achieved in hamsters,precise DNA fragment insertion or conditional knockout(cKO)models have not previously been reported,likely due to technical limitations in embryo manipulation and insufficient efficiency of homology-directed repair(HDR).Methods:In this study,we generated conditional alleles of the ApoF gene in golden Syrian hamsters.A two-cut strategy was applied using Cas9 protein,two sgRNAs,and a single donor plasmid containing exon 2 flanked by loxP sites and two~0.8 kb homology arms.A mixture of Cas9 protein,sgRNAs,and the donor plasmid was microinjected into the pronuclei of one-cell stage hamster embryos.Results:The efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated loxP knock-in reached up to 27%,and the genetically modified floxed alleles were successfully transmitted through the germline.The functionality of the inserted loxP sites was validated by in vivo Cremediated recombination following local administration of AAV vectors,including AAV-cTnT-Cre in the heart and AAV-CMV-Cre in the brain.Conclusions:To our knowledge,this work represents the first successful establishment of a conditional knockout model in the golden Syrian hamster,providing a valuable tool for mechanistic studies of gene function and disease modeling.
基金supported by University Key Lab for Geomatics Technology&Optimize Resources Utilization in Fujian Province(KJG20104A)Fujian Forestry Science and Technology project(2023FKJ15)Fuzhou Forestry Science and Technology Research Project(2130206).
文摘Accurate assessment of site quality in coastal Casuarina equisetifolia(C.equisetifolia)plantations is essential for enhancing the protective function of shelterbelts and implementing site-specific afforestation strategies.However,traditional ground-based surveys are limited in spatial coverage and efficiency,hindering effective forest management.To overcome these limitations,this study developed an integrated assessment framework that couples ground-based modeling with remote sensing inversion to achieve large-scale site quality mapping.Field investigations on Pingtan Island,Fujian Province,China,were used to establish a ground-based evaluation model.Soil fertility was quantified using Principal Component Analysis(PCA),and principal components were classified into discrete fertility grades through K-means clustering.These grades,together with topographic variables,were incorporated into a site quality classification model constructed using Quantification Theory I.The point-based model was subsequently extrapolated using Landsat 9 imagery to generate a spatially continuous site quality map.Spatial autocorrelation(Moran’s Ⅰ)and LISA clustering were further employed to interpret spatial patterns.Results indicate that coastal sandy soils in the study area are generally nutrient-poor,with tree growth primarily constrained by total nitrogen,organic matter,available phosphorus,and total phosphorus.The five most influential site factors,ranked by importance,are soil fertility,distance from the coastline,aspect,slope gradient,and elevation.Optimal conditions for C.equisetifolia growth include fertile soil,location>1000 m from the coastline,south-facing or semi-sunny slopes,slope gradients<15°,and elevations between 10-100 m.Only 11.94%of the area was classified as high-quality(Grade I),while 61.74%fell into moderate or poor grades(Grades Ⅲ and Ⅳ),indicating that most plantations are located on suboptimal sites.This study provides scientific support for improving the precision and sustainability of coastal shelterbelt planning and management,offering practical insights for afforestation strategies,forest restoration,and ecological forestry development in coastal zones.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42101252。
文摘Rapid regional population shifts and spatial polarization have heightened pressure on cultivated land—a critical resource demanding urgent attention amid ongoing urban-rural transition.This study selects Jiangsu province,a national leader in both economic and agricultural development,as a case area to construct a multidimensional framework for assessing the recessive morphological characteristics of multifunctional cultivated land use.We examine temporal dynamics,spatial heterogeneity,and propose an integrated zoning strategy based on empirical analysis.The results reveal that:(1)The recessive morphology index shows a consistent upward trend,with structural breaks in 2007 and 2013,and a spatial shift from“higher in the east and lower in the west”to“higher in the south and lower in the north.”(2)Coordination among sub-dimensions of the index has steadily improved.(3)The index is expected to continue rising in the next decade,though at a slower pace.(4)To promote coordinated multidimensional land-use development,we recommend a policy framework that reinforces existing strengths,addresses weaknesses,and adapts zoning schemes to current spatial conditions.This research offers new insights into multifunctional cultivated land systems and underscores their role in enhancing human well-being,securing food supply,and supporting sustainable urban-rural integration.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1900501)the Gansu Provincial Water Conservancy Scientific Experimental Research and Technology Extension Project(25GSLK044,26GSLK093).
文摘Glacial meltwater constitutes a vital component of the water supply in arid and semi-arid areas.However,the influence of glacial melting on runoff and evapotranspiration under global warming remains insufficiently understood.Previous studies coupling the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model with glacier modules often failed to consider the spatial heterogeneity of temperature during glacial melting,potentially leading to biased estimates of meltwater volume.In this study,we developed a glacier-coupled SWAT(SWAT-glacier)model considering the digital elevation model(DEM)based temperature-driven glacial melt processes to elucidate the impact of glacial melting on hydrological processes across four river basins(Dongda,Xiying,Jinta,and Zamu)of the upper Shiyang River Basin(SYRB)in northwestern China from 1986 to 2021.Compared with the standard SWAT model,the proposed SWAT-glacier model significantly improved the simulation accuracy for both runoff and evapotranspiration.Specifically,in comparison with the standard SWAT model,the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of the SWAT-glacier model showed a relative improvement of approximately 0.42%–9.16%and 1.50%–10.15%for runoff and evapotranspiration,respectively,in the four river basins during the validation period.Annual glacial runoff occurred predominantly from May to October,whereas glacial melt-induced evapotranspiration peaked between June and August.From 1986 to 2021,the average contributions of glacial melt to runoff were 6.97%for Dongda,3.06%for Xiying,2.70%for Jinta,and 0.67%for Zamu,whereas its contributions to evapotranspiration were 9.06%,5.14%,3.21%,and 1.59%,respectively.This study presents a SWAT-glacier modeling framework that enhances the simulation of hydrological processes in cold regions.The proposed methodology can be extended to other glacierized basins to provide valuable insights into water resource management under climate change.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51379181)Phase Ⅲ Project(2018-2021)of the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Based on the regional water resources carrying capacity(WRCC)evaluation principles and evaluation index system in the National Technical Outline of Water Resources Carrying Capacity Monitoring and Early Warning(hereafter referred to as the Technical Outline),this paper elaborates on the collection and sorting of the basic data of water resources conditions,water resources development and utilization status,social and economic development in basins,analysis and examination of integrity,consistency,normativeness,and rationality of the basic data,and the necessity of WRCC evaluation.This paper also describes the technique of evaluating the WRCC in prefecture-level cities and city-level administrative divisions in the District of the Taihu Lake Basin,which is composed of the Taihu Lake Basin and the Southeastern River Basin.The evaluation process combines the binary index evaluation method and reduction index evaluation method.The former,recommended by the Technical Outline,uses the total water use and the amount of exploited groundwater as evaluation indices,showing stronger operability,while the latter is developed by simplifying and optimizing the comprehensive index system with greater systematicness and completeness.The mutual validation and adjustment of the results of the above-mentioned two evaluation methods indicate that the WRCC of the District of the Taihu Lake Basin is overloaded in general because some prefecture-level cities and city-level administrative divisions in the Taihu Lake Basin and the Southeastern River Basin are in a severely overloaded state.In order to explain this conclusion,this paper analyzes the causes of WRCC overloading from the aspects of basin water environment,water resources development and utilization,water resources regulation and control ability,water resources utilization efficiency,and water resources management.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(9102500230970492)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(GK201101002)the Key Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZZDEW-04-05)the National Key Technology R & D Program(2012BAC08B05)
文摘This paper, based on the analysis and calculation of the groundwater resources in an arid region from 1980 to 2001, put forward the concept of ecological groundwater level threshold for either salinity control or the determination of ecological warning. The surveys suggest that soil moisture and soil salinity are the most important environmental factors in determining the distribution and changes in vegetation. The groundwater level threshold of ecological warning can be determined by using a network of groundwater depth observation sites that monitor the environmental moisture gradient as reflected by plant physiological characteristics. According to long-term field observations within the Ejin oases, the groundwater level threshold for salinity control varied between 0.5 m and 1.5 m, and the ecological warning threshold varied between 3.5 m and 4.0 m. The quantity of groundwater re- sources （renewable water resources, ecological water resources, and exploitable water resources） in arid areas can be calculated from regional groundwater level information, without localized hydrogeological data. The concept of groundwater level threshold of ecological warning was established according to water development and water re- sources supply, and available groundwater resources were calculated. The concept not only enriches and broadens the content of groundwater studies, but also helps in predicting the prospects for water resources development.
