OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbal medicine(CHM) in the treatmentofsubacutethyroiditis.METHODS: Randomized controlled trials found in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and three Chinese datab...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbal medicine(CHM) in the treatmentofsubacutethyroiditis.METHODS: Randomized controlled trials found in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and three Chinese databases were selected. RevMan 5.2 software was used to analyze the data with relative risk or mean difference, expressed with 95% of confidence interval. The quality of trials was assessed and gradedthe quality of evidence with GRADE profiler software.RESULTS: Twenty one studies were included. CHM was superior to Western Medicine(include prednisone and NSAIDs) in abating fever, relieving thyroid pain, recovering blood sedimentation, improving thyroid function, and preventing hypothyroidism(P<0.05), while no statistical differences were found in eliminating goiter and reducing relapse rate.CHM plusWestern Medicine were superior toWestern Medicine in abating fever, relieving thyroid pain, eliminating goiter, and reducing relapse rate,while no statistical differences(P>0.05) were found in recovering blood sedimentation and improving thyroid function. The incidence of adverse reactions in treatment group was lower than that in control group(relative risk was 0.12 and 95% confidence interval was 0.03-0.51). The methodological quality of trials is generally poor with a high risk of bias.CONCLUSION: CHM(particularly CHM combined withWestern Medicine) used to treat subacute thyroiditis may improve clinical symptoms and signs,reduce relapse rate, and alleviate the side effects of hormones. Due to poor methodological quality of included trials, further more high-quality studies are warranted to confirm the effectiveness and safety of CHM.展开更多
Northeast China has experienced frequent droughts over the past fifteen years.However,the effects of droughts on net primary productivity(NPP)in Northeast China remain unclear.In this paper,the droughts that occurred ...Northeast China has experienced frequent droughts over the past fifteen years.However,the effects of droughts on net primary productivity(NPP)in Northeast China remain unclear.In this paper,the droughts that occurred in Northeast China between 1999 and 2013 were identified using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI).The NPP standardized anomaly index(NPP-SAI)was used to evaluate NPP anomalies.The years of 1999,2000,2001,and 2007 were further investigated in order to explore the influence of droughts on NPP at different time scales(3,6,and 12 months).Based on the NPP-SAI of normal areas,we found droughts overall decreased NPP by 112.06 Tg C between 1999 and 2013.Lower temperatures at the beginning of the growing season could cause declines in NPP by shortening the length of the growing season.Mild drought or short-term drought with higher temperatures might increase NPP,and weak intensity droughts intensified the lag effects of droughts on NPP.展开更多
Objective：This study proposed a modified Blumgart anastomosis（m-BA）that uses a firm ligation of the main pancreatic duct with a supporting tube to replace the pancreatic duct-to-jejunum mucosa anastomosis,with the ...Objective：This study proposed a modified Blumgart anastomosis（m-BA）that uses a firm ligation of the main pancreatic duct with a supporting tube to replace the pancreatic duct-to-jejunum mucosa anastomosis,with the aim of simplifying the complicated steps of the conventional BA（c-BA）.Thus,we observe if a difference in the risk of postoperative pancreatic fistula（POPF）exists between the two methods.Methods：The m-BA anastomosis method has been used since 2010.From October 2011 to October 2015,147 patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy（PD）using BA in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital were enrolled in this study.According to the type of pancreatojejunostomy（PJ）,50 patients underwent m-BA and 97 received c-BA.The two patient cohorts were compared prospectively to some extent but not randomized,and the evaluated variables were operation time,the incidence rate of POPF,and other perioperative complications.Results：The operation time showed no significant difference（P〉0.05）between the two groups,but the time of duct-to-mucosa anastomosis in the m-BA group was much shorter than that in the c-BA group（P〈0.001）.The incidence rate of clinically relevant POPF was 12.0%（6/50）in the modified group and 10.3%（10/97）in the conventional group（P〉0.05）,which means that the modified anastomosis method did not cause additional pancreatic leakage.The mean length of postoperative hospital stay of the m-BA group was 23 days,and that of the c-BA group was 22 days（P〉0.05）.Conclusions：Compared with the conventional BA,we suggest that the modified BA is a feasible,safe,and effective operation method for P J of PD with no sacrifice of surgical quality.In the multivariate analysis,we also found that body mass index（≥25展开更多
According to GLOBOCAN 2012,liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world.There were 782,000 new cases diagnosed in 2012,with 50%in China alone.Liver cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death w...According to GLOBOCAN 2012,liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world.There were 782,000 new cases diagnosed in 2012,with 50%in China alone.Liver cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide and its prognosis is very poor.The World Health Organization(WHO)declared 745,517 deaths caused by liver cancer in 2012,with more than half from China^1.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To critically appraise the methodological quality of clinical practice guidelines for headache produced over the last two decades, including those covering specific interventions using Traditional Chinese M...OBJECTIVE: To critically appraise the methodological quality of clinical practice guidelines for headache produced over the last two decades, including those covering specific interventions using Traditional Chinese Medicine.METHODS: The guidelines on headache disorders were obtained by searching a number of databases, including Pub Med, EMBASE, Web of Science,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang database, three guideline-related databases [Guideline-International Network, National Guideline Clearinghouse, and Medlive], and the records of organizations that develop guidelines. The publication date was limited to the period from January 1996 to June 2015. The search terms "headache", "headache disorders", "cephalalgia", "migraine", "tension-type headache", "practice guideline", "consensus ", "statement", "regulation", and "recommendation" were used in the "Me SH" and "Free-text" fields. The guidelines were independently appraised by four researchers using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation Ⅱ instrument.RESULTS: A total of 23 guidelines published between 1998 and 2014 were reviewed. The overall consistency of the four appraisers was good [interclass correlation coefficient 0.84; 95% confidence interval(CI) 0.82-0.86]. The mean(standard deviation) scores for scope and purpose, stakeholder involvement, rigor of development, clarity of presentation, applicability, and editorial independence were 52.1(18.0), 39.5(17.1), 33.4(21.0), 49.8(21.9),23.8(19.3), and 24.2(23.7). Only two guidelines were recommended, 12 were recommended with modification, and nine were not recommended.CONCLUSION: Physical Traditional Chinese Medicine therapies were recommended to treat headache. The overall quality of headache guidelines was low in China, but evidence-based guidelines are gradually becoming mainstream. Guideline developers should carefully consider, in particular,three domains: rigor of development, applicability,and editorial independence.展开更多
A series of simulations by mathematical and physical modeling on fluid flow,mass and heat transfer in continuous casting tundishes have been carried out. It was found bycomputational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation th...A series of simulations by mathematical and physical modeling on fluid flow,mass and heat transfer in continuous casting tundishes have been carried out. It was found bycomputational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation that in most cases tundish flow must be treated as anon-isothermal reactor due to the existence of temperature difference between the transport ladleand the tundish. The critical conditions when the non-isothermal flow in the tundish can not beneglected have been found by CFD simulation and water modeling. A direct measurement in a 40 ttundish has confirmed the simulation results.展开更多
A study was conducted to determine the relationships between agronomic soil test P and environmental soil test P in three soils predominately distributing in three typical agricultural production areas of China. Soil ...A study was conducted to determine the relationships between agronomic soil test P and environmental soil test P in three soils predominately distributing in three typical agricultural production areas of China. Soil P was analyzed using Bray-1 （BP）, Olsen （OP）, and Mehlich-3 （MP） methods as agronomic tests, and using Fe-oxide impregnated filter paper （FeP）, anion-exchange resin membrane （RP）, and water （WP） as environmental tests. There were linear relationships between soil P extractable with all the tests evaluated. The regression coefficients, R^2, ranged from 0.8164 to 0.9409 between each two of the agronomic soil test P, and ranged from 0.4702 to 0.8990 between each two of the environmental soil test P, when the three soils were considered separately. When soil test P was analyzed across all the three soils, the highest regression R^2 was found between OP and MP （0.7940） amongst agronomic soil test P, and between FeP and RP amongst environmental soil test P （0.8842）. While all of the three agronomic soil test P was linearly related to each of the environmental soil test P across the three soils, strongest relationships were found between OP and environmental soil test P. Agronomic OP may be adopted as an analytical tool for environmental prediction of soil P.展开更多
AIM To study immunogenicity of Pseudomonas N terminal flagellin as an adjuvant for Acinetobacter baumannii(A. baumanni) biofilm associated protein(Bap).METHODS The N terminal flagellin gene was amplified. The p ET28a(...AIM To study immunogenicity of Pseudomonas N terminal flagellin as an adjuvant for Acinetobacter baumannii(A. baumanni) biofilm associated protein(Bap).METHODS The N terminal flagellin gene was amplified. The p ET28a(+) and polymerase chain reaction products weredigested with HindⅢ and Eco R Ⅰ. The ligation of N terminal flagellin into p ET28a(?+) was performed using T4 DNA ligase and was then transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) as a suitable expression host. p ET28a(?+) vector harboring a conserved region of Bap from our previous work was used. The recombinant proteins were expressed, analyzed by SDS-PAGE method and was purified by affinity chromatography with His-Tag residues followed by confirmation with western blotting. Mice were immunized with recombinant N terminal flagellin and Bap subunits. The immunized animals were intranasally(i.n) challenged with A. baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P. aeruginosa).RESULTS The flagellin enhanced the immunogenicity of Bap causing an increase in specific Ig G titers in serum(P < 0.001). Internal organs, i.e., liver, lung and spleen of the BapFlagellin immunized group challenged with A. baumannii showed significantly lower bacterial load compared to the control group. The bacterial loads were studied in internal organs. A. baumannii infected immunized animals with Bap-Flagellin exhibited internal organs with minor bacterial load while P. aeruginosa PAO1 infected group showed heavy bacterial load of(4.3 ± 0.12) × 106,(1.1 ± 0.01) × 106 and(2.2 ± 0.22) × 106 per gram of lungs, liver and spleen respectively. Bacterial loads were detected per gram of lungs, liver and spleen of the mice group immunized with Bap were(1.2 ± 0.06) × 107,(11.1 ± 0.041) × 105 and(3.6 ± 0.42) × 106 respectively. In vivo neutralization assay indicated that all experimental mice groups, except for Flagellin administered group was significantly(P < 0.05) protected against A. baumannii. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that P. aeruginosa Flagellin as an adjuvant for Bap A. baumannii could be a useful model to evaluate new vaccine against A. baumannii.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the potential of HS-10182,a second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFR-TKI),as a radiosensitizer in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:Two cell li...Objective:To investigate the potential of HS-10182,a second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFR-TKI),as a radiosensitizer in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:Two cell lines of NSCLCs,A549 that possesses wild-type(WT)EGFRs and H1975 that possesses EGFR L858R/T790M double mutations,were treated with HS-10182 at various concentrations,and cell viabilities were determined using the MTS assay.The cells were tested by clonogenic survival assays to identify the radiosensitivity of both groups.Western blot was performed to analyze the expression of phosphorylated EGFR,AKT,DNA-dependent protein kinase,and catalytic subunit(DNA-PKcs)proteins.Immunofluorescence analyses were performed to examine the formation and changes in nuclearγ-H2AX foci.Cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry and Western blots for cleaved caspase-3,-8,-9,and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase(PARP).Furthermore,we established xenograft models in mice and the effects of different treatments on tumor growth were then assessed.Results:Clonogenic survival assays revealed that HS-10182 significantly enhanced the radiosensitivity of H1975 cells but not A549cells[dose enhancement ratios(DERs)=2.36(P<0.05)vs.1.43(P>0.05)].Western blot results showed that HS-10182 increased the levels of cleaved caspase-3,-8,-9,and cleaved PARP in H1975 cells but not in A549 cells.In addition,flow cytometry analysis showed that HS-10182 enhanced irradiation-induced apoptosis in H1975.Immunofluorescence results found that HS-10182increased the average number ofγ-H2AX foci after irradiation in H1975 cells,but not in A549 cells.Combined radiation and HS-10182 treatment increased the expression of DNA-PKcs but this increase was more significant in H1975 cells than in A549 cells.Moreover,HS-10182 suppressed the increased expression of Rad50 in H1975 cells in response to irradiation.In vivo experiments found that the combined therapy significantly inhibited tumor growth.Conclusions:HS-10182 enhances the radiosensitivity of H1975 cells which is possibly because that HS-10182 could enhance irradiation-induced apoptosis,increase irradiation-induced DNA damage,and cause a delay in DNA damage repair.Our findings suggest that radiotherapy combined HS-10182 is a novel treatment for lung cancer cells which have acquired the T790M mutation.HS-10182 could be brought to the clinic as a radiosensitizer in NSCLCs with the EGFR T790M mutation.展开更多
Potato variety Kexin18 was used as testing materials in this research to study the influence on main components in multiplex PCR system, different primer ratios and annealing temperatures in SSR marker amplification. ...Potato variety Kexin18 was used as testing materials in this research to study the influence on main components in multiplex PCR system, different primer ratios and annealing temperatures in SSR marker amplification. Concentration and gradient experiments for four components （enzyme, MgCl2, DNA template and dNTPs） in PCR system were used in the research with the concentration of the other component remained the same; the orthogonal design L9 （34） was applied in the optimization of four sets of primers （STM0014, Pat, SSI, and UGP） in the reaction system at three levels; the temperature gradient selection was used to find out the optimum annealing temperature for the primer. The optimized multiplex PCR system of potato SSR marker with a total volume of 20 μL ： 2.5 μL 25 mmol.L-1 MgCl2, 0.6 μL 10 mmol·L-1 dNTPs, 0.8 U Taq, 80 ng DNA template was ultimately established through the comparison and analysis of test results; the ratio of four pairs of 4 mmol. L1 primers was 2 ： 1 ： 2 ： 3, and the annealing temperature was 54.7℃. The optimized reaction system could be repeated stably; and the stable and reliable amplification results were able to clearly distinguish different potato varieties. This research built the solid foundation for the further study of genetic diversity of potato germplasms and construction of DNA fingerprinting..展开更多
The influence of pre-deformation and heat treatment on mechanicalproperties of as-extruded ZK60 alloy was investigated.The experimentalresults indicated that the solid solution,pre-cold rolling and artificialaging tre...The influence of pre-deformation and heat treatment on mechanicalproperties of as-extruded ZK60 alloy was investigated.The experimentalresults indicated that the solid solution,pre-cold rolling and artificialaging treatments remarkably improved the mechanicalstrength of alloys compared with the asextruded condition.Especially,pre-cold rolling in 5% reduction combined with artificialaging at 150 ℃ for 20 h was determined as the optimum heat treatment condition,which resulted in a yield strength of 333 MPa with an increment of 87 MPa and ultimate tensile strength of 373 MPa.High density of nanoscale precipitates in α-Mg matrix observed in this sample was beneficialto enhancing the strength.The as-extruded sample showed a typicalbrittle fracture while the solution treated sample exhibited ductile-fragile failure characterized by cleavage fractures,river patterns,and tear ridges.And the sample after pre-cold rolling combined with aging presented more equiaxialdimples with a great amount of cracked particles in them.The above-mentioned observations were analyzed in terms of microstructure and possible strengthening mechanism in the extruded ZK60 alloy.展开更多
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive treatment technique that can directly alter cortical excitability and improve cerebral functional activity in unconscious patients. To investigate the effe...Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive treatment technique that can directly alter cortical excitability and improve cerebral functional activity in unconscious patients. To investigate the effects and the electrophysiological changes of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation cortical treatment, 10 stroke patients with non-severe brainstem lesions and with disturbance of consciousness were treated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. A quantitative electroencephalography spectral power analysis was also performed. The absolute power in the alpha band was increased immediately after the first repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment, and the energy was reduced in the delta band. The alpha band relative power values slightly decreased at 1 day post-treatment, then increased and reached a stable level at 2 weeks post-treatment. Glasgow Coma Score and JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised score were improved. Relative power value in the alpha band was positively related to Glasgow Coma Score and JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised score. These data suggest that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive, safe, and effective treatment technology for improving brain functional activity and promoting awakening in unconscious stroke patients.展开更多
3D printing is disrupting the design and manufacture of electronic products. 3D printing electronics offers great potentialto build complex object with multiple functionalities. Particularly, it has shown the unique a...3D printing is disrupting the design and manufacture of electronic products. 3D printing electronics offers great potentialto build complex object with multiple functionalities. Particularly, it has shown the unique ability to make embedded electronics,3D structural electronics, conformal electronics, stretchable electronics, etc. 3D printing electronics has beenconsidered as the next frontier in additive manufacturing and printed electronics. Over the past five years, a large numberof studies and efforts regarding 3D printing electronics have been carried out by both academia and industries. In thispaper, a comprehensive review of recent advances and significant achievements in 3D printing electronics is provided.Furthermore, the prospects, challenges and trends of 3D printing electronics are discussed. Finally, some promising solutionsfor producing electronics with 3D printing are presented.展开更多
The mother liquid of methanol phase obtained from rapeseed two-phase extraction process can directly be reused in large amounts to process rapeseed again together with some fresh methanol phase,so long as it is treate...The mother liquid of methanol phase obtained from rapeseed two-phase extraction process can directly be reused in large amounts to process rapeseed again together with some fresh methanol phase,so long as it is treated with a litter of proper additives in advance.The ratio of the reused mother liquid may be more than 3/4 of the total amount of the methanol phase needed for processing rapeseed,so the energy consumption can be decreased tremendously.The meal obtained by use of the reused mother liquid keeps the quality as good as those obtained by use of totally fresh methanol phase with light color,weak taste,crispness,good palatability,high protein content,and a low level of glu-cosinolates much more less than that stipulated by the State for the fodder of grade A.展开更多
The change of microstructure with strain was investigated in a Fe-32Mn-5Si austenitic alloy at room temperature by X-raydiffraction profile analysis.The experimental results show that the Fe-32Mn-5Si alloy is deformed...The change of microstructure with strain was investigated in a Fe-32Mn-5Si austenitic alloy at room temperature by X-raydiffraction profile analysis.The experimental results show that the Fe-32Mn-5Si alloy is deformed by the strain—induced γ→εtransformation and the twinning except dislocation slip at room temperature.The amount of strain-induced ε-martensite,thestacking fault probability and the twinning probability all exhibit parabolic relationship with increasing strain.The stackingfault probability is higher than the twinning probability.展开更多
The controller in an automated vehicle relies on sensors to collect the information needed for handling traffic situations,and reducing the frequency of using sensors could prolong theirlifespans.We present in this pa...The controller in an automated vehicle relies on sensors to collect the information needed for handling traffic situations,and reducing the frequency of using sensors could prolong theirlifespans.We present in this paper the application of dynamic sensor activation algorithms in discrete event systems to activate/deactivate sensors for colecting information when it is only necessary to automatically operate headlights based on trafic rules.The framework developed in this paper forms a basis for automatically activating/deactivating sensors for other components in an automated vehicle in the future.展开更多
A new catalyst for methanol synthesis, ZnO-promoted rhodium supported on carbon nanotubes, was developed. It was found that the Rh-ZnO/CNTs catalyst had high activity of 411.4 mg CH3OH/g/cat/h and selectivity of 96.7...A new catalyst for methanol synthesis, ZnO-promoted rhodium supported on carbon nanotubes, was developed. It was found that the Rh-ZnO/CNTs catalyst had high activity of 411.4 mg CH3OH/g/cat/h and selectivity of 96.7 % for methanol at 1 MPa and 523 K. The activity of this catalyst is much higher than that of NC 207 catalyst at the same reaction conditions. It was suggested that the multi-walled structure CNTs favored both the couple transfer of the proton and electron over the surface of the catalyst and the uptake of hydrogen which was favorable to methanol synthesis.展开更多
基金Supported by Effectiveness of External Therapy of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Subacute Thyroiditis:a Evaluation Research(sci-tech project,No.WZF2012-12)Research on Professor Wu Ruimin's Academic Thought on Treating Subacute Thyroiditis(research project,No.JJ2010-65)from Beijing Municipality of Traditional Chinese Medicine
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbal medicine(CHM) in the treatmentofsubacutethyroiditis.METHODS: Randomized controlled trials found in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and three Chinese databases were selected. RevMan 5.2 software was used to analyze the data with relative risk or mean difference, expressed with 95% of confidence interval. The quality of trials was assessed and gradedthe quality of evidence with GRADE profiler software.RESULTS: Twenty one studies were included. CHM was superior to Western Medicine(include prednisone and NSAIDs) in abating fever, relieving thyroid pain, recovering blood sedimentation, improving thyroid function, and preventing hypothyroidism(P<0.05), while no statistical differences were found in eliminating goiter and reducing relapse rate.CHM plusWestern Medicine were superior toWestern Medicine in abating fever, relieving thyroid pain, eliminating goiter, and reducing relapse rate,while no statistical differences(P>0.05) were found in recovering blood sedimentation and improving thyroid function. The incidence of adverse reactions in treatment group was lower than that in control group(relative risk was 0.12 and 95% confidence interval was 0.03-0.51). The methodological quality of trials is generally poor with a high risk of bias.CONCLUSION: CHM(particularly CHM combined withWestern Medicine) used to treat subacute thyroiditis may improve clinical symptoms and signs,reduce relapse rate, and alleviate the side effects of hormones. Due to poor methodological quality of included trials, further more high-quality studies are warranted to confirm the effectiveness and safety of CHM.
基金Under the auspices of Special Issue of National Remote Sensing Survey and Assessment of Eco-Environment Change Between 2000 and 2010(No.STSN-09-03)
文摘Northeast China has experienced frequent droughts over the past fifteen years.However,the effects of droughts on net primary productivity(NPP)in Northeast China remain unclear.In this paper,the droughts that occurred in Northeast China between 1999 and 2013 were identified using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI).The NPP standardized anomaly index(NPP-SAI)was used to evaluate NPP anomalies.The years of 1999,2000,2001,and 2007 were further investigated in order to explore the influence of droughts on NPP at different time scales(3,6,and 12 months).Based on the NPP-SAI of normal areas,we found droughts overall decreased NPP by 112.06 Tg C between 1999 and 2013.Lower temperatures at the beginning of the growing season could cause declines in NPP by shortening the length of the growing season.Mild drought or short-term drought with higher temperatures might increase NPP,and weak intensity droughts intensified the lag effects of droughts on NPP.
文摘Objective：This study proposed a modified Blumgart anastomosis（m-BA）that uses a firm ligation of the main pancreatic duct with a supporting tube to replace the pancreatic duct-to-jejunum mucosa anastomosis,with the aim of simplifying the complicated steps of the conventional BA（c-BA）.Thus,we observe if a difference in the risk of postoperative pancreatic fistula（POPF）exists between the two methods.Methods：The m-BA anastomosis method has been used since 2010.From October 2011 to October 2015,147 patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy（PD）using BA in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital were enrolled in this study.According to the type of pancreatojejunostomy（PJ）,50 patients underwent m-BA and 97 received c-BA.The two patient cohorts were compared prospectively to some extent but not randomized,and the evaluated variables were operation time,the incidence rate of POPF,and other perioperative complications.Results：The operation time showed no significant difference（P〉0.05）between the two groups,but the time of duct-to-mucosa anastomosis in the m-BA group was much shorter than that in the c-BA group（P〈0.001）.The incidence rate of clinically relevant POPF was 12.0%（6/50）in the modified group and 10.3%（10/97）in the conventional group（P〉0.05）,which means that the modified anastomosis method did not cause additional pancreatic leakage.The mean length of postoperative hospital stay of the m-BA group was 23 days,and that of the c-BA group was 22 days（P〉0.05）.Conclusions：Compared with the conventional BA,we suggest that the modified BA is a feasible,safe,and effective operation method for P J of PD with no sacrifice of surgical quality.In the multivariate analysis,we also found that body mass index（≥25
文摘According to GLOBOCAN 2012,liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world.There were 782,000 new cases diagnosed in 2012,with 50%in China alone.Liver cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide and its prognosis is very poor.The World Health Organization(WHO)declared 745,517 deaths caused by liver cancer in 2012,with more than half from China^1.
基金Supported by the Special Research Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Hospital of Chinese Medicine(No.YN2015MS22)the Science planning project of Guangzhou(No.2014Y2-00040)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To critically appraise the methodological quality of clinical practice guidelines for headache produced over the last two decades, including those covering specific interventions using Traditional Chinese Medicine.METHODS: The guidelines on headache disorders were obtained by searching a number of databases, including Pub Med, EMBASE, Web of Science,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang database, three guideline-related databases [Guideline-International Network, National Guideline Clearinghouse, and Medlive], and the records of organizations that develop guidelines. The publication date was limited to the period from January 1996 to June 2015. The search terms "headache", "headache disorders", "cephalalgia", "migraine", "tension-type headache", "practice guideline", "consensus ", "statement", "regulation", and "recommendation" were used in the "Me SH" and "Free-text" fields. The guidelines were independently appraised by four researchers using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation Ⅱ instrument.RESULTS: A total of 23 guidelines published between 1998 and 2014 were reviewed. The overall consistency of the four appraisers was good [interclass correlation coefficient 0.84; 95% confidence interval(CI) 0.82-0.86]. The mean(standard deviation) scores for scope and purpose, stakeholder involvement, rigor of development, clarity of presentation, applicability, and editorial independence were 52.1(18.0), 39.5(17.1), 33.4(21.0), 49.8(21.9),23.8(19.3), and 24.2(23.7). Only two guidelines were recommended, 12 were recommended with modification, and nine were not recommended.CONCLUSION: Physical Traditional Chinese Medicine therapies were recommended to treat headache. The overall quality of headache guidelines was low in China, but evidence-based guidelines are gradually becoming mainstream. Guideline developers should carefully consider, in particular,three domains: rigor of development, applicability,and editorial independence.
文摘A series of simulations by mathematical and physical modeling on fluid flow,mass and heat transfer in continuous casting tundishes have been carried out. It was found bycomputational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation that in most cases tundish flow must be treated as anon-isothermal reactor due to the existence of temperature difference between the transport ladleand the tundish. The critical conditions when the non-isothermal flow in the tundish can not beneglected have been found by CFD simulation and water modeling. A direct measurement in a 40 ttundish has confirmed the simulation results.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40071053) Henan Provincial Talents Innovation Foundation, China (No.0521001700).
文摘A study was conducted to determine the relationships between agronomic soil test P and environmental soil test P in three soils predominately distributing in three typical agricultural production areas of China. Soil P was analyzed using Bray-1 （BP）, Olsen （OP）, and Mehlich-3 （MP） methods as agronomic tests, and using Fe-oxide impregnated filter paper （FeP）, anion-exchange resin membrane （RP）, and water （WP） as environmental tests. There were linear relationships between soil P extractable with all the tests evaluated. The regression coefficients, R^2, ranged from 0.8164 to 0.9409 between each two of the agronomic soil test P, and ranged from 0.4702 to 0.8990 between each two of the environmental soil test P, when the three soils were considered separately. When soil test P was analyzed across all the three soils, the highest regression R^2 was found between OP and MP （0.7940） amongst agronomic soil test P, and between FeP and RP amongst environmental soil test P （0.8842）. While all of the three agronomic soil test P was linearly related to each of the environmental soil test P across the three soils, strongest relationships were found between OP and environmental soil test P. Agronomic OP may be adopted as an analytical tool for environmental prediction of soil P.
基金Center for Molecular Microbiology, Shahed University for their financial support toward his work
文摘AIM To study immunogenicity of Pseudomonas N terminal flagellin as an adjuvant for Acinetobacter baumannii(A. baumanni) biofilm associated protein(Bap).METHODS The N terminal flagellin gene was amplified. The p ET28a(+) and polymerase chain reaction products weredigested with HindⅢ and Eco R Ⅰ. The ligation of N terminal flagellin into p ET28a(?+) was performed using T4 DNA ligase and was then transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) as a suitable expression host. p ET28a(?+) vector harboring a conserved region of Bap from our previous work was used. The recombinant proteins were expressed, analyzed by SDS-PAGE method and was purified by affinity chromatography with His-Tag residues followed by confirmation with western blotting. Mice were immunized with recombinant N terminal flagellin and Bap subunits. The immunized animals were intranasally(i.n) challenged with A. baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P. aeruginosa).RESULTS The flagellin enhanced the immunogenicity of Bap causing an increase in specific Ig G titers in serum(P < 0.001). Internal organs, i.e., liver, lung and spleen of the BapFlagellin immunized group challenged with A. baumannii showed significantly lower bacterial load compared to the control group. The bacterial loads were studied in internal organs. A. baumannii infected immunized animals with Bap-Flagellin exhibited internal organs with minor bacterial load while P. aeruginosa PAO1 infected group showed heavy bacterial load of(4.3 ± 0.12) × 106,(1.1 ± 0.01) × 106 and(2.2 ± 0.22) × 106 per gram of lungs, liver and spleen respectively. Bacterial loads were detected per gram of lungs, liver and spleen of the mice group immunized with Bap were(1.2 ± 0.06) × 107,(11.1 ± 0.041) × 105 and(3.6 ± 0.42) × 106 respectively. In vivo neutralization assay indicated that all experimental mice groups, except for Flagellin administered group was significantly(P < 0.05) protected against A. baumannii. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that P. aeruginosa Flagellin as an adjuvant for Bap A. baumannii could be a useful model to evaluate new vaccine against A. baumannii.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81372518)the Tianjin Key Problem Tackling Project for Cancer Therapy (Grant No. 12ZCDZSY15900)
文摘Objective:To investigate the potential of HS-10182,a second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFR-TKI),as a radiosensitizer in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:Two cell lines of NSCLCs,A549 that possesses wild-type(WT)EGFRs and H1975 that possesses EGFR L858R/T790M double mutations,were treated with HS-10182 at various concentrations,and cell viabilities were determined using the MTS assay.The cells were tested by clonogenic survival assays to identify the radiosensitivity of both groups.Western blot was performed to analyze the expression of phosphorylated EGFR,AKT,DNA-dependent protein kinase,and catalytic subunit(DNA-PKcs)proteins.Immunofluorescence analyses were performed to examine the formation and changes in nuclearγ-H2AX foci.Cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry and Western blots for cleaved caspase-3,-8,-9,and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase(PARP).Furthermore,we established xenograft models in mice and the effects of different treatments on tumor growth were then assessed.Results:Clonogenic survival assays revealed that HS-10182 significantly enhanced the radiosensitivity of H1975 cells but not A549cells[dose enhancement ratios(DERs)=2.36(P<0.05)vs.1.43(P>0.05)].Western blot results showed that HS-10182 increased the levels of cleaved caspase-3,-8,-9,and cleaved PARP in H1975 cells but not in A549 cells.In addition,flow cytometry analysis showed that HS-10182 enhanced irradiation-induced apoptosis in H1975.Immunofluorescence results found that HS-10182increased the average number ofγ-H2AX foci after irradiation in H1975 cells,but not in A549 cells.Combined radiation and HS-10182 treatment increased the expression of DNA-PKcs but this increase was more significant in H1975 cells than in A549 cells.Moreover,HS-10182 suppressed the increased expression of Rad50 in H1975 cells in response to irradiation.In vivo experiments found that the combined therapy significantly inhibited tumor growth.Conclusions:HS-10182 enhances the radiosensitivity of H1975 cells which is possibly because that HS-10182 could enhance irradiation-induced apoptosis,increase irradiation-induced DNA damage,and cause a delay in DNA damage repair.Our findings suggest that radiotherapy combined HS-10182 is a novel treatment for lung cancer cells which have acquired the T790M mutation.HS-10182 could be brought to the clinic as a radiosensitizer in NSCLCs with the EGFR T790M mutation.
基金Supported by the International Cooperation Project of Heilongjiang Science and Technology Department (WC05B08)
文摘Potato variety Kexin18 was used as testing materials in this research to study the influence on main components in multiplex PCR system, different primer ratios and annealing temperatures in SSR marker amplification. Concentration and gradient experiments for four components （enzyme, MgCl2, DNA template and dNTPs） in PCR system were used in the research with the concentration of the other component remained the same; the orthogonal design L9 （34） was applied in the optimization of four sets of primers （STM0014, Pat, SSI, and UGP） in the reaction system at three levels; the temperature gradient selection was used to find out the optimum annealing temperature for the primer. The optimized multiplex PCR system of potato SSR marker with a total volume of 20 μL ： 2.5 μL 25 mmol.L-1 MgCl2, 0.6 μL 10 mmol·L-1 dNTPs, 0.8 U Taq, 80 ng DNA template was ultimately established through the comparison and analysis of test results; the ratio of four pairs of 4 mmol. L1 primers was 2 ： 1 ： 2 ： 3, and the annealing temperature was 54.7℃. The optimized reaction system could be repeated stably; and the stable and reliable amplification results were able to clearly distinguish different potato varieties. This research built the solid foundation for the further study of genetic diversity of potato germplasms and construction of DNA fingerprinting..
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51571043)the International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China(No.2014DFG52810)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.106112015CDJZR135515)
文摘The influence of pre-deformation and heat treatment on mechanicalproperties of as-extruded ZK60 alloy was investigated.The experimentalresults indicated that the solid solution,pre-cold rolling and artificialaging treatments remarkably improved the mechanicalstrength of alloys compared with the asextruded condition.Especially,pre-cold rolling in 5% reduction combined with artificialaging at 150 ℃ for 20 h was determined as the optimum heat treatment condition,which resulted in a yield strength of 333 MPa with an increment of 87 MPa and ultimate tensile strength of 373 MPa.High density of nanoscale precipitates in α-Mg matrix observed in this sample was beneficialto enhancing the strength.The as-extruded sample showed a typicalbrittle fracture while the solution treated sample exhibited ductile-fragile failure characterized by cleavage fractures,river patterns,and tear ridges.And the sample after pre-cold rolling combined with aging presented more equiaxialdimples with a great amount of cracked particles in them.The above-mentioned observations were analyzed in terms of microstructure and possible strengthening mechanism in the extruded ZK60 alloy.
基金founded by Committee of Science and Technology, Fengtai District of Beijing City in 2010,No.xm101223
文摘Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive treatment technique that can directly alter cortical excitability and improve cerebral functional activity in unconscious patients. To investigate the effects and the electrophysiological changes of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation cortical treatment, 10 stroke patients with non-severe brainstem lesions and with disturbance of consciousness were treated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. A quantitative electroencephalography spectral power analysis was also performed. The absolute power in the alpha band was increased immediately after the first repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment, and the energy was reduced in the delta band. The alpha band relative power values slightly decreased at 1 day post-treatment, then increased and reached a stable level at 2 weeks post-treatment. Glasgow Coma Score and JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised score were improved. Relative power value in the alpha band was positively related to Glasgow Coma Score and JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised score. These data suggest that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive, safe, and effective treatment technology for improving brain functional activity and promoting awakening in unconscious stroke patients.
文摘3D printing is disrupting the design and manufacture of electronic products. 3D printing electronics offers great potentialto build complex object with multiple functionalities. Particularly, it has shown the unique ability to make embedded electronics,3D structural electronics, conformal electronics, stretchable electronics, etc. 3D printing electronics has beenconsidered as the next frontier in additive manufacturing and printed electronics. Over the past five years, a large numberof studies and efforts regarding 3D printing electronics have been carried out by both academia and industries. In thispaper, a comprehensive review of recent advances and significant achievements in 3D printing electronics is provided.Furthermore, the prospects, challenges and trends of 3D printing electronics are discussed. Finally, some promising solutionsfor producing electronics with 3D printing are presented.
文摘The mother liquid of methanol phase obtained from rapeseed two-phase extraction process can directly be reused in large amounts to process rapeseed again together with some fresh methanol phase,so long as it is treated with a litter of proper additives in advance.The ratio of the reused mother liquid may be more than 3/4 of the total amount of the methanol phase needed for processing rapeseed,so the energy consumption can be decreased tremendously.The meal obtained by use of the reused mother liquid keeps the quality as good as those obtained by use of totally fresh methanol phase with light color,weak taste,crispness,good palatability,high protein content,and a low level of glu-cosinolates much more less than that stipulated by the State for the fodder of grade A.
基金The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.59601007).
文摘The change of microstructure with strain was investigated in a Fe-32Mn-5Si austenitic alloy at room temperature by X-raydiffraction profile analysis.The experimental results show that the Fe-32Mn-5Si alloy is deformed by the strain—induced γ→εtransformation and the twinning except dislocation slip at room temperature.The amount of strain-induced ε-martensite,thestacking fault probability and the twinning probability all exhibit parabolic relationship with increasing strain.The stackingfault probability is higher than the twinning probability.
基金This work was supported in part by the PowerChina Grant(No.KY2018-JT-20-01-2019)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.CNSF-61374058)the Australian Research Council(No.DP-130100156).
文摘The controller in an automated vehicle relies on sensors to collect the information needed for handling traffic situations,and reducing the frequency of using sensors could prolong theirlifespans.We present in this paper the application of dynamic sensor activation algorithms in discrete event systems to activate/deactivate sensors for colecting information when it is only necessary to automatically operate headlights based on trafic rules.The framework developed in this paper forms a basis for automatically activating/deactivating sensors for other components in an automated vehicle in the future.
基金supportd by the NNSF of China(#29773037)the NSF of Fujian province(#E9910001 and#E0010006).|
文摘A new catalyst for methanol synthesis, ZnO-promoted rhodium supported on carbon nanotubes, was developed. It was found that the Rh-ZnO/CNTs catalyst had high activity of 411.4 mg CH3OH/g/cat/h and selectivity of 96.7 % for methanol at 1 MPa and 523 K. The activity of this catalyst is much higher than that of NC 207 catalyst at the same reaction conditions. It was suggested that the multi-walled structure CNTs favored both the couple transfer of the proton and electron over the surface of the catalyst and the uptake of hydrogen which was favorable to methanol synthesis.
