Flyback converters in consumer and commercial products must adhere to strict regulatory standards for conducted and radiated electromagnetic interference(EMI).Managing EMI has become increasingly complex in mod-ern po...Flyback converters in consumer and commercial products must adhere to strict regulatory standards for conducted and radiated electromagnetic interference(EMI).Managing EMI has become increasingly complex in mod-ern power electronics,particularly with the integration of high-speed wide bandgap(WBG)devices into compact sys-tem layouts.A review of established modeling techniques and mitigation strategies for conducted EMI is presented,fo-cusing on differential mode(DM)and common mode(CM)noise,alongside radiated EMI in flyback converters.The discussion encompasses solutions at both component-level design and converter system optimization.展开更多
Objective:Interpersonal brain synchronization(IBS)has emerged as a significant concept in understanding collaborative team dynamics,with functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)proving to be a vital tool in its as...Objective:Interpersonal brain synchronization(IBS)has emerged as a significant concept in understanding collaborative team dynamics,with functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)proving to be a vital tool in its assessment.This review aims to collate and analyze the literature on the application of fNIRS in various team settings,emphasizing its potential utility in surgical environments.Methods:A thorough search and screening process across multiple databases resulted in 17 studies being reviewed,with a focus on the utilization of fNIRS to measure IBS in different collaborative tasks.This review examined the tasks employed,participant demographics,organizational structures of teams,methodologies for IBS measurement,and correlations between brain synchronization and behavioral measurements.Results:fNIRS emerged as a non-invasive,cost-effective,and portable tool,predominantly used to assess IBS in pair-based tasks with a variety of participant demographics.Wavelet transform coherence was the primary method used for measuring synchronization,particularly in the prefrontal brain region.A consistent correlation was found between increased brain synchronization and enhanced team performance,underscoring the potential of fNIRS in understanding and optimizing team dynamics.Conclusion:This review establishes fNIRS as a promising tool for investigating the neural mechanisms underlying team cooperation,providing invaluable insights for potential applications in surgical settings.While acknowledging the limitations in the current literature,the review highlights the need for further research with larger sample sizes and varied task complexities to solidify the understanding of IBS and its impact on team performance.The ultimate goal is to leverage fNIRS in assessing and improving surgical team dynamics,contributing to improved patient outcomes and safety.展开更多
Background:Stretching has wide appeal,but there seems to exist some mismatch between its purported applications and what the evidence shows.There is compelling evidence for some stretching applications,but for others,...Background:Stretching has wide appeal,but there seems to exist some mismatch between its purported applications and what the evidence shows.There is compelling evidence for some stretching applications,but for others,the evidence seems heterogeneous or unsupportive.The discrepancies even affect some systematic reviews,possibly due to heterogeneous eligibility criteria and search strategies.This consensus paper seeks to unify the divergent findings on stretching and its implications for both athletic performance and clinical practices by delivering evidence-based recommendations.Methods:A panel of 20 experts with a blend of practical experience and scholarly knowledge was assembled.The panel meticulously reviewed existing systematic reviews,defined key terminologies(e.g.,consensus definitions for different stretching modes),and crafted guidelines using a Delphi consensus approach(minimum required agreement:80%).The analysis focused on 8 topics,including stretching's acute and chronic(long-term)effects on range of motion,strength performance,muscle hypertrophy,stiffness,injury prevention,muscle recovery,posture correction,and cardiovascular health.Results:There was consensus that chronic and acute stretching(a)improves range of motion(although alternatives exist)and(b)reduces muscle stiffness(which may not always be desirable);the panel also agreed that chronic stretching(c)may promote vascular health,but more research is warranted.In contrast,consensus was found that stretch training does not(a)contribute substantively to muscle growth,(b)serve as an allencompassing injury prevention strategy,(c)improve posture,or(d)acutely enhance post-exercise recovery.Conclusion:These recommendations provide guidance for athletes and practitioners,highlighting research gaps that should be addressed to more comprehensively understand the full scope of stretching effects.展开更多
Background:Myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)are important tumor microenvironment components in small cell lung cancer(SCLC).We successfully identified MDSCs expressing the surface marker CD33 in SCLC;nonetheless...Background:Myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)are important tumor microenvironment components in small cell lung cancer(SCLC).We successfully identified MDSCs expressing the surface marker CD33 in SCLC;nonetheless,whether CD33^(+)MDSCs promote SCLC angiogenesis remains unclear.This study aims to explore the angiogenic effect and clinical significance of CD33^(+)MDSCs derived from SCLC.Method:Nineteen patients diagnosed with extensive-stage SCLC at Jilin Cancer Hospital were selected as the research subjects.CD33^(+)MDSCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with SCLC using magnetic bead separation and CD33 expression was detected by flow cytometry.The angiogenic potential of CD33^(+)MDSCs derived from the peripheral blood of patients with SCLC and healthy individuals was assessed using human umbilical vein endothelial cell(HUVEC)angiogenesis assays,and the clinical significance of CD33^(+)MDSCs in promoting angiogenesis in patients with SCLC was analyzed using clinical data.Results:Compared to healthy individuals,the CD33^(+)MDSCs(CD14^(+)CD33^(+))isolated from the peripheral blood of SCLC patients exhibited a greater ability to promote HUVEC tubular growth(average vessel length:57.60 mm[47.78 mm]vs.39.07 mm[15.84 mm],p=0.000;vessel area:371,890 mm^(3)[699,927 mm^(3)]vs.334,652 mm^(3)[219,520 mm^(3)],p<0.000;total number of junctions:141[301]vs.120[94],p<0.005),and their angiogenic ability was associated with older age,female sex,high performance status scores,no systematic treatment,and treatment unresponsiveness(p<0.050).Furthermore,the enhanced angiogenic ability of CD33^(+)MDSCs may represent a risk factor for treatment unresponsiveness(average vessel length:Odds ratio=3.904,95%CI=1.812-8.409,p=0.001;vessel area:Odds ratio=2.501,95%CI=1.187-5.267,p=0.016;total number of junctions:Odds ratio=3.630,95%CI=1.686-7.815,p=0.001)and is associated with a poor SCLC prognosis(average vessel length:Hazard ratio=2.210,95%CI=1.299-3.758,p=0.003;vessel area:Hazard ratio=2.170,95%CI=1.274-3.693,p=0.004;total number of junctions:Hazard ratio=2.267,95%CI=1.333-3.853,p=0.003).Conclusion:CD33^(+)MDSCs derived from the peripheral blood of patients with SCLC promote angiogenesis,which is a risk factor for treatment unresponsiveness and is associated with poor prognosis.展开更多
Plant tissue culture represents an advanced biotechnological technique for propagating and conserving threatened plant species efficiently.This method enables the rapid production of genetically identical plants under...Plant tissue culture represents an advanced biotechnological technique for propagating and conserving threatened plant species efficiently.This method enables the rapid production of genetically identical plants under controlled sterile laboratory conditions(in vitro).Its applications span forestry,horticulture,and,crucially,plant breeding.Nanoparticles have emerged as innovative tools to address limitations in conventional plant tissue culture,offering diverse functionalities based on their unique physicochemical properties.This review focuses on the utilization of nanotechnology in enhancing various aspects of plant tissue culture.Nanoparticles,such as silver and zinc oxide,have demonstrated significant roles as antimicrobial agents and anti-browning agents.They also serve as elicitors,stimulating callus proliferation,root elongation,rapid shoot formation,and the enhanced production of bioactive compounds on a large scale.Furthermore,nanoparticles contribute to mitigating oxidative stress within cells,thereby promoting increased callus formation,elongated roots,and elevated production of secondary metabolites.Their influence extends to somaclonal variation and genetic transformation processes within plant tissue culture.These contributions collectively underscore the potential of nanoparticles to foster more efficient,sustainable,and scalable biotechnological solutions in in vitro culture.The implications extend to reducing resource dependency and mitigating environmental impacts,positioning nanotechnology as a transformative approach in sustainable plant biotechnology.展开更多
In high-intensity electromagnetic warfare,radar systems are persistently subjected to multi-jammer attacks,including potentially novel unknown jamming types that may emerge exclusively under wartime conditions.These j...In high-intensity electromagnetic warfare,radar systems are persistently subjected to multi-jammer attacks,including potentially novel unknown jamming types that may emerge exclusively under wartime conditions.These jamming signals severely degrade radar detection performance.Precise recognition of these unknown and compound jamming signals is critical to enhancing the anti-jamming capabilities and overall reliability of radar systems.To address this challenge,this article proposes a novel open-set compound jamming cognition(OSCJC)method.The proposed method employs a detection-classification dual-network architecture,which not only overcomes the false alarm and misdetection issues of traditional closed-set recognition methods when dealing with unknown jamming but also effectively addresses the performance bottleneck of existing open-set recognition techniques focusing on single jamming scenarios in compound jamming environments.To achieve unknown jamming detection,we first employ a consistency labeling strategy to train the detection network using diverse known jamming samples.This strategy enables the network to acquire highly generalizable jamming features,thereby accurately localizing candidate regions for individual jamming components within compound jamming.Subsequently,we introduce contrastive learning to optimize the classification network,significantly enhancing both intra-class clustering and inter-class separability in the jamming feature space.This method not only improves the recognition accuracy of the classification network for known jamming types but also enhances its sensitivity to unknown jamming types.Simulations and experimental data are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed OSCJC method.Compared with the state-of-the-art open-set recognition methods,the proposed method demonstrates superior recognition accuracy and enhanced environmental adaptability.展开更多
Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)possess the merits of greater theoretical capacity,cheaper magnesium metal and not easily producing branched crystals,and greater safety.Therefore,the current researches mainly co...Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)possess the merits of greater theoretical capacity,cheaper magnesium metal and not easily producing branched crystals,and greater safety.Therefore,the current researches mainly concentrate on the exploration of high-performance RMBs in the initial stage,but still face many gigantic challenges.Herein,petal-shaped nanorods CoS/CuS materials are successfully synthesized as RMBs cathode materials through a two-step metal sulfide template-free solvent-thermal synthesis method,which can effectively improve the reaction kinetics due to the petal-like nano-structure and provide rich electrochemically active sites to decrease the transport barrier of Mg^(2+),thus contributing to the enhancement of the reaction kinetics of magnesium storage in RMBs.The electrochemical performance test illustrates that CoS/CuS composite nanomaterials can considerably improve the charging and discharging specific capacity of the batteries as well as the voltage of the batteries due to the existing synergistic effect between them.The specific capacity of CoS/CuS cathode still can still be maintained as high as 62.8 mAh g^(−1)after 300 cycles at 200 mA g^(−1).And the specific capacity of this electrode material changes from 180.6 mAh g^(−1)to 30 mAh g^(−1)at the current densities from 100 mA g^(−1)to 1000 mA g^(−1),and when the current density is restored to 100 mA g^(−1),the specific capacity gradually recovered to 178.6 mAh g^(−1),which showed better rate performance and ultra-high cycling stability.This work highlights how the introduction of CuS into CoS nanostructures can benefit the reversibility and cyclicity of the magnesium storage reaction and offers an original and practical route for the modification of RMBs electrode materials with good electrochemical properties.展开更多
Biofabrication and biomanufacturing are rapidly transforming how materials,therapeutics,and functional biological constructs are produced.These fields integrate developments in sustainable biomaterials,precision fabri...Biofabrication and biomanufacturing are rapidly transforming how materials,therapeutics,and functional biological constructs are produced.These fields integrate developments in sustainable biomaterials,precision fabrication,biological systems,and data-driven engineering to produce scalable,efficient,and environmentally aligned production pathways.This review highlights recent scientific advances led by researchers in Singapore,focusing on three interconnected pillars:sustainable bio derived materials,enabling fabrication and manufacturing technologies,and emerging applications.We first examine the expanding use of biomass-derived feedstocks,including human hair keratin,aquaculture side-streams,and plant-derived polysaccharides,which support circular and resource-conscious material development.We then present advances in biofabrication technologies,including electrospinning,three-dimensional bioprinting,and metal additive manufacturing,that enable improved control over the structure,function,and manufacturability of biomedical and functional constructs.Emerging applications,such as machine learning-assisted additive manufacturing,food biomanufacturing,regenerative cell therapy,microneedles,and bioelectronics,exemplify how biofabrication and biomanufacturing are increasingly interrelated across the health,materials,and technological domains.These research contributions from Singapore exemplify how sustainable feedstocks,digital and automated fabrication platforms,and biologically driven applications are shaping the evolving landscape of biofabrication and biomanufacturing.The convergence of materials science,biological engineering,and advanced manufacturing continues to enable new opportunities for innovation in biomedical,industrial,and societal contexts.展开更多
Knowledge Management(KM)has become a dynamic concept for inquiry in research.The management of knowledge from multiple sources requires a systematic approach that can facilitate capturing all important aspects related...Knowledge Management(KM)has become a dynamic concept for inquiry in research.The management of knowledge from multiple sources requires a systematic approach that can facilitate capturing all important aspects related to a particular discipline,several KM frameworks have been designed to serve this purpose.This research aims to propose a Collaborative Knowledge Management(CKM)Framework that bridges gaps and overcomes weaknesses in existing frameworks.The paper also validates the framework by evaluating its effectiveness for the agriculture sector of Pakistan.A software LCWU aKMS was developed which serves as a practical implementation of the concepts behind the proposed CKMF framework.LCWU aKMS served as an effective system for rice leaf disease detection and identification.It aimed to enhance CKM through knowledge sharing,lessons learned,feedback on problem resolutions,help from co-workers,collaboration,and helping communities.Data were collected from 300 rice crop farmers by questionnaires based on hypotheses.Jennex Olfman model was used to estimate the effectiveness of CKMF.Various tests were performed including frequency measures of variables,Cronbach’s alpha reliability,and Pearson’s correlation.The research provided a KMS depicting KM and collaborative features.The disease detection module was evaluated using the precision and recall method and found to be 94.16%accurate.The system could replace the work of extension agents,making it a cost and time-effective initiative for farmer betterment.展开更多
Biomaterials are increasingly being evolved to actively adapt to the desired microenvironments so as to introduce tissue integration, reconstruct stability, promote regeneration, and avoid immune rejection. The comple...Biomaterials are increasingly being evolved to actively adapt to the desired microenvironments so as to introduce tissue integration, reconstruct stability, promote regeneration, and avoid immune rejection. The complexity of its mechanisms poses great challenge to current biomimetic synthetic materials. Although still at initial stage, harnessing cells, tissues, or even entire body to synthesize bioadaptive materials is introducing a promising future.展开更多
文摘Flyback converters in consumer and commercial products must adhere to strict regulatory standards for conducted and radiated electromagnetic interference(EMI).Managing EMI has become increasingly complex in mod-ern power electronics,particularly with the integration of high-speed wide bandgap(WBG)devices into compact sys-tem layouts.A review of established modeling techniques and mitigation strategies for conducted EMI is presented,fo-cusing on differential mode(DM)and common mode(CM)noise,alongside radiated EMI in flyback converters.The discussion encompasses solutions at both component-level design and converter system optimization.
文摘Objective:Interpersonal brain synchronization(IBS)has emerged as a significant concept in understanding collaborative team dynamics,with functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)proving to be a vital tool in its assessment.This review aims to collate and analyze the literature on the application of fNIRS in various team settings,emphasizing its potential utility in surgical environments.Methods:A thorough search and screening process across multiple databases resulted in 17 studies being reviewed,with a focus on the utilization of fNIRS to measure IBS in different collaborative tasks.This review examined the tasks employed,participant demographics,organizational structures of teams,methodologies for IBS measurement,and correlations between brain synchronization and behavioral measurements.Results:fNIRS emerged as a non-invasive,cost-effective,and portable tool,predominantly used to assess IBS in pair-based tasks with a variety of participant demographics.Wavelet transform coherence was the primary method used for measuring synchronization,particularly in the prefrontal brain region.A consistent correlation was found between increased brain synchronization and enhanced team performance,underscoring the potential of fNIRS in understanding and optimizing team dynamics.Conclusion:This review establishes fNIRS as a promising tool for investigating the neural mechanisms underlying team cooperation,providing invaluable insights for potential applications in surgical settings.While acknowledging the limitations in the current literature,the review highlights the need for further research with larger sample sizes and varied task complexities to solidify the understanding of IBS and its impact on team performance.The ultimate goal is to leverage fNIRS in assessing and improving surgical team dynamics,contributing to improved patient outcomes and safety.
文摘Background:Stretching has wide appeal,but there seems to exist some mismatch between its purported applications and what the evidence shows.There is compelling evidence for some stretching applications,but for others,the evidence seems heterogeneous or unsupportive.The discrepancies even affect some systematic reviews,possibly due to heterogeneous eligibility criteria and search strategies.This consensus paper seeks to unify the divergent findings on stretching and its implications for both athletic performance and clinical practices by delivering evidence-based recommendations.Methods:A panel of 20 experts with a blend of practical experience and scholarly knowledge was assembled.The panel meticulously reviewed existing systematic reviews,defined key terminologies(e.g.,consensus definitions for different stretching modes),and crafted guidelines using a Delphi consensus approach(minimum required agreement:80%).The analysis focused on 8 topics,including stretching's acute and chronic(long-term)effects on range of motion,strength performance,muscle hypertrophy,stiffness,injury prevention,muscle recovery,posture correction,and cardiovascular health.Results:There was consensus that chronic and acute stretching(a)improves range of motion(although alternatives exist)and(b)reduces muscle stiffness(which may not always be desirable);the panel also agreed that chronic stretching(c)may promote vascular health,but more research is warranted.In contrast,consensus was found that stretch training does not(a)contribute substantively to muscle growth,(b)serve as an allencompassing injury prevention strategy,(c)improve posture,or(d)acutely enhance post-exercise recovery.Conclusion:These recommendations provide guidance for athletes and practitioners,highlighting research gaps that should be addressed to more comprehensively understand the full scope of stretching effects.
基金Science and Technology Agency of Jilin Provincial Project(Grant/Award Number:20230203075SF)Youth Project of Jilin Provincial Health Commission(Grant/Award Number:2024A123)。
文摘Background:Myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)are important tumor microenvironment components in small cell lung cancer(SCLC).We successfully identified MDSCs expressing the surface marker CD33 in SCLC;nonetheless,whether CD33^(+)MDSCs promote SCLC angiogenesis remains unclear.This study aims to explore the angiogenic effect and clinical significance of CD33^(+)MDSCs derived from SCLC.Method:Nineteen patients diagnosed with extensive-stage SCLC at Jilin Cancer Hospital were selected as the research subjects.CD33^(+)MDSCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with SCLC using magnetic bead separation and CD33 expression was detected by flow cytometry.The angiogenic potential of CD33^(+)MDSCs derived from the peripheral blood of patients with SCLC and healthy individuals was assessed using human umbilical vein endothelial cell(HUVEC)angiogenesis assays,and the clinical significance of CD33^(+)MDSCs in promoting angiogenesis in patients with SCLC was analyzed using clinical data.Results:Compared to healthy individuals,the CD33^(+)MDSCs(CD14^(+)CD33^(+))isolated from the peripheral blood of SCLC patients exhibited a greater ability to promote HUVEC tubular growth(average vessel length:57.60 mm[47.78 mm]vs.39.07 mm[15.84 mm],p=0.000;vessel area:371,890 mm^(3)[699,927 mm^(3)]vs.334,652 mm^(3)[219,520 mm^(3)],p<0.000;total number of junctions:141[301]vs.120[94],p<0.005),and their angiogenic ability was associated with older age,female sex,high performance status scores,no systematic treatment,and treatment unresponsiveness(p<0.050).Furthermore,the enhanced angiogenic ability of CD33^(+)MDSCs may represent a risk factor for treatment unresponsiveness(average vessel length:Odds ratio=3.904,95%CI=1.812-8.409,p=0.001;vessel area:Odds ratio=2.501,95%CI=1.187-5.267,p=0.016;total number of junctions:Odds ratio=3.630,95%CI=1.686-7.815,p=0.001)and is associated with a poor SCLC prognosis(average vessel length:Hazard ratio=2.210,95%CI=1.299-3.758,p=0.003;vessel area:Hazard ratio=2.170,95%CI=1.274-3.693,p=0.004;total number of junctions:Hazard ratio=2.267,95%CI=1.333-3.853,p=0.003).Conclusion:CD33^(+)MDSCs derived from the peripheral blood of patients with SCLC promote angiogenesis,which is a risk factor for treatment unresponsiveness and is associated with poor prognosis.
基金The corresponding author is also deeply grateful to Ministry of Minority Affairs,Government of India,for providing financial assistance(MANF-JAM-99722)during his research work.
文摘Plant tissue culture represents an advanced biotechnological technique for propagating and conserving threatened plant species efficiently.This method enables the rapid production of genetically identical plants under controlled sterile laboratory conditions(in vitro).Its applications span forestry,horticulture,and,crucially,plant breeding.Nanoparticles have emerged as innovative tools to address limitations in conventional plant tissue culture,offering diverse functionalities based on their unique physicochemical properties.This review focuses on the utilization of nanotechnology in enhancing various aspects of plant tissue culture.Nanoparticles,such as silver and zinc oxide,have demonstrated significant roles as antimicrobial agents and anti-browning agents.They also serve as elicitors,stimulating callus proliferation,root elongation,rapid shoot formation,and the enhanced production of bioactive compounds on a large scale.Furthermore,nanoparticles contribute to mitigating oxidative stress within cells,thereby promoting increased callus formation,elongated roots,and elevated production of secondary metabolites.Their influence extends to somaclonal variation and genetic transformation processes within plant tissue culture.These contributions collectively underscore the potential of nanoparticles to foster more efficient,sustainable,and scalable biotechnological solutions in in vitro culture.The implications extend to reducing resource dependency and mitigating environmental impacts,positioning nanotechnology as a transformative approach in sustainable plant biotechnology.
文摘In high-intensity electromagnetic warfare,radar systems are persistently subjected to multi-jammer attacks,including potentially novel unknown jamming types that may emerge exclusively under wartime conditions.These jamming signals severely degrade radar detection performance.Precise recognition of these unknown and compound jamming signals is critical to enhancing the anti-jamming capabilities and overall reliability of radar systems.To address this challenge,this article proposes a novel open-set compound jamming cognition(OSCJC)method.The proposed method employs a detection-classification dual-network architecture,which not only overcomes the false alarm and misdetection issues of traditional closed-set recognition methods when dealing with unknown jamming but also effectively addresses the performance bottleneck of existing open-set recognition techniques focusing on single jamming scenarios in compound jamming environments.To achieve unknown jamming detection,we first employ a consistency labeling strategy to train the detection network using diverse known jamming samples.This strategy enables the network to acquire highly generalizable jamming features,thereby accurately localizing candidate regions for individual jamming components within compound jamming.Subsequently,we introduce contrastive learning to optimize the classification network,significantly enhancing both intra-class clustering and inter-class separability in the jamming feature space.This method not only improves the recognition accuracy of the classification network for known jamming types but also enhances its sensitivity to unknown jamming types.Simulations and experimental data are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed OSCJC method.Compared with the state-of-the-art open-set recognition methods,the proposed method demonstrates superior recognition accuracy and enhanced environmental adaptability.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21804008,52102209)the International Technological Collaboration Project of Shanghai(No.17520710300)+1 种基金Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2108085QE197)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2022A1515010834,2020A1515110221).
文摘Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)possess the merits of greater theoretical capacity,cheaper magnesium metal and not easily producing branched crystals,and greater safety.Therefore,the current researches mainly concentrate on the exploration of high-performance RMBs in the initial stage,but still face many gigantic challenges.Herein,petal-shaped nanorods CoS/CuS materials are successfully synthesized as RMBs cathode materials through a two-step metal sulfide template-free solvent-thermal synthesis method,which can effectively improve the reaction kinetics due to the petal-like nano-structure and provide rich electrochemically active sites to decrease the transport barrier of Mg^(2+),thus contributing to the enhancement of the reaction kinetics of magnesium storage in RMBs.The electrochemical performance test illustrates that CoS/CuS composite nanomaterials can considerably improve the charging and discharging specific capacity of the batteries as well as the voltage of the batteries due to the existing synergistic effect between them.The specific capacity of CoS/CuS cathode still can still be maintained as high as 62.8 mAh g^(−1)after 300 cycles at 200 mA g^(−1).And the specific capacity of this electrode material changes from 180.6 mAh g^(−1)to 30 mAh g^(−1)at the current densities from 100 mA g^(−1)to 1000 mA g^(−1),and when the current density is restored to 100 mA g^(−1),the specific capacity gradually recovered to 178.6 mAh g^(−1),which showed better rate performance and ultra-high cycling stability.This work highlights how the introduction of CuS into CoS nanostructures can benefit the reversibility and cyclicity of the magnesium storage reaction and offers an original and practical route for the modification of RMBs electrode materials with good electrochemical properties.
文摘Biofabrication and biomanufacturing are rapidly transforming how materials,therapeutics,and functional biological constructs are produced.These fields integrate developments in sustainable biomaterials,precision fabrication,biological systems,and data-driven engineering to produce scalable,efficient,and environmentally aligned production pathways.This review highlights recent scientific advances led by researchers in Singapore,focusing on three interconnected pillars:sustainable bio derived materials,enabling fabrication and manufacturing technologies,and emerging applications.We first examine the expanding use of biomass-derived feedstocks,including human hair keratin,aquaculture side-streams,and plant-derived polysaccharides,which support circular and resource-conscious material development.We then present advances in biofabrication technologies,including electrospinning,three-dimensional bioprinting,and metal additive manufacturing,that enable improved control over the structure,function,and manufacturability of biomedical and functional constructs.Emerging applications,such as machine learning-assisted additive manufacturing,food biomanufacturing,regenerative cell therapy,microneedles,and bioelectronics,exemplify how biofabrication and biomanufacturing are increasingly interrelated across the health,materials,and technological domains.These research contributions from Singapore exemplify how sustainable feedstocks,digital and automated fabrication platforms,and biologically driven applications are shaping the evolving landscape of biofabrication and biomanufacturing.The convergence of materials science,biological engineering,and advanced manufacturing continues to enable new opportunities for innovation in biomedical,industrial,and societal contexts.
文摘Knowledge Management(KM)has become a dynamic concept for inquiry in research.The management of knowledge from multiple sources requires a systematic approach that can facilitate capturing all important aspects related to a particular discipline,several KM frameworks have been designed to serve this purpose.This research aims to propose a Collaborative Knowledge Management(CKM)Framework that bridges gaps and overcomes weaknesses in existing frameworks.The paper also validates the framework by evaluating its effectiveness for the agriculture sector of Pakistan.A software LCWU aKMS was developed which serves as a practical implementation of the concepts behind the proposed CKMF framework.LCWU aKMS served as an effective system for rice leaf disease detection and identification.It aimed to enhance CKM through knowledge sharing,lessons learned,feedback on problem resolutions,help from co-workers,collaboration,and helping communities.Data were collected from 300 rice crop farmers by questionnaires based on hypotheses.Jennex Olfman model was used to estimate the effectiveness of CKMF.Various tests were performed including frequency measures of variables,Cronbach’s alpha reliability,and Pearson’s correlation.The research provided a KMS depicting KM and collaborative features.The disease detection module was evaluated using the precision and recall method and found to be 94.16%accurate.The system could replace the work of extension agents,making it a cost and time-effective initiative for farmer betterment.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,No.2012CB619105)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2013M531876 and 2014T70826)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31430030,81272041,81071512 and 31170902)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.2014A030310466 and 2013B060300007)the Foundation of Shenzhen Committee for Science and Technology Innovation(Nos.CXZZ20130516103023168 and 2015-336,2013-950)the Jiangxi Province Science and Technology Support Plan Project(No.2010BSA14800)the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Tranmstology
文摘Biomaterials are increasingly being evolved to actively adapt to the desired microenvironments so as to introduce tissue integration, reconstruct stability, promote regeneration, and avoid immune rejection. The complexity of its mechanisms poses great challenge to current biomimetic synthetic materials. Although still at initial stage, harnessing cells, tissues, or even entire body to synthesize bioadaptive materials is introducing a promising future.
