<strong>Introduction:</strong> <span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Maternal mortality is a public health problem of more concern to developin...<strong>Introduction:</strong> <span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Maternal mortality is a public health problem of more concern to developing countries. As part of improving the maternofoetal prognosis during pregnancy and childbirth, it is essential to carry out regular follow-ups of pregnant women (FE) through antenatal consultations (ANC). In fact, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends at least four ANC at regular intervals during pregnancy. In Senegal the completion rate varies greatly depending on the region. In the District of Kédougou it was 41% in 2017 (DHIS2). The national target was not achieved despite the interventions. Thus we studied the determinants of CPN completion in the health district of Kedougou in 2017. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Method:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The study is of a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional type and concerned a sample of 884 women who gave birth between October 2017 and September 2018. They were chosen by a sample whose distribution in the district was made according to the quota method while respecting the demographic weight of each area of </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">responsibility of the District.</span><span style="font-family:""> <b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The results of our study showed that the average age of women was 24 years with an average number of pregnancies equal to 3. The ANC completion rate at 37%</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> was</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> lower than the administrative data rate which was 41%. The determinants with a statistically most significant link with the completion of ANC are respectively satisfaction with the care and quality of service, the level of information of women regarding PNC, marital status, affordability and distance from the location of the ANC. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Increasing women</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">’</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s incomes, increasing communication about ANC, and bringing health services closer together are needed to improve the completion rate of antenatal care visits.</span>展开更多
Calcium-binding tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated protein （CABYR） is a highly polymorphic calcium-binding tyrosine- and serine-/threonine-phosphorylated fibrous sheath （FS） protein involved in capacitation. A put...Calcium-binding tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated protein （CABYR） is a highly polymorphic calcium-binding tyrosine- and serine-/threonine-phosphorylated fibrous sheath （FS） protein involved in capacitation. A putative domain （amino acids 12-48） homologous to the regulatory subunit of type II cAMP-dependent protein kinase A （RII） dimerisation and A kinase-anchoring protein （AKAP）-binding domains of protein kinase A at the N-terminus suggests that CABYR may self-assemble and bind to AKAPs. Moreover, there is evidence that CABYR has limited interaction with AKAPs. However, further evidence and new relationships between CABYR and other FS proteins, including AKAPs, will be helpful in understanding the basic physiology of FS. In this study, a new strategy for co-immunoprecipitation of insoluble proteins, as well as the standard co-immunoprecipitation method in combination with mass spectrometry and western blot, was employed to explore the relationship between CABYR, AKAP3 and Ropperin. The results showed that AKAP3 was co.immunoprecipitated with CABYR by the anti-CABYR-A polyclonal antibody, and, conversely, CABYR was also co.immunoprecipitated with AKAP3 by the anti-AKAP3 polyclonal antibody. Another RIl-like domain containing protein, Ropporin, was also co-immunoprecipitated with CABYR, indicating that Ropporin is one of CABYR＇s binding partners. The interactions between CABYR, AKAP3 and Ropporin were confirmed by yeast two-hybrid assays. Further analysis showed that CABYR not only binds to AKAP3 by its RII domain but binds to Ropporin through other regions besides the RIl-like domain. This is the first demonstration that CABYR variants form a complex not only with the scaffolding protein AKAP3 but also with another Rll-like domain-containing protein in the human sperm FS.展开更多
Objective: Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) after curative resection is known to improve the survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, few studies have reported the correlation between the time ...Objective: Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) after curative resection is known to improve the survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, few studies have reported the correlation between the time to initiation of AC (TTAC) and survival in NSCLC patients. Methods: The clinical data of 925 NSCLC patients who received curative resection and post-operative AC at the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between 2003 and 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. TTAC was measured from the date of surgery to the initiation of AC. Disease-free survival (DFS) was defined as the duration from surgery to the time of tumor recurrence or last follow-up evaluation. The optimal cut-off value of TTAC was determined by maximally selected log-rank statistics. The DFS curve was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify risk factors independently associated with DFS. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed for survival analysis using the match data. Results: The optimal discriminating cut-off value of TTAC was set at d 35 after curative resection based on which the patients were assigned into two groups: group A (<= 35 d) and group B (> 35 d). There was no significant difference in the DFS between the two groups (P=0.246), indicating that the TTAC is not an independent prognostic factor for DFS. A further comparison continued to show no significant difference in the DFS among 258 PSM pairs (P=0.283). Conclusions: There was no significant correlation between the TTAC and DFS in NSCLC patients. Studies with larger samples are needed to further verify this conclusion.展开更多
This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adul...This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adult Chinese men. The prevalence of MS was 34.7%, and men with MS had lower serum levels of total T （TT） and SHBG than those without MS （P 〈 0.001）. There was no significant difference in serum free T （FT） levels between subjects with and without MS （P = 0.627）. In logistic regression analysis, the association between MS and serum SHBG levels persisted after adjusting for age, body mass index （BMI）, smoking and drinking status, and serum TT （odds ratio [OR] 0.962, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.954-0.969, P 〈 0.01）. However, the association between serum TT level and the risk of MS was weak after adjusting for age, BMI, SHBG level, and smoking and drinking status （OR 0,981, 95% CI 0.960-1.007）. Our study reveals that both serum TT and SHBG levels, but not serum FT, are inversely associated with the prevalence of MS and that serum SHBG is an independent and dominant risk factor for MS.This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adult Chinese men. The prevalence of MS was 34.7%, and men with MS had lower serum levels of total T （TT） and SHBG than those without MS （P 〈 0.001）. There was no significant difference in serum free T （FT） levels between subjects with and without MS （P = 0.627）. In logistic regression analysis, the association between MS and serum SHBG levels persisted after adjusting for age, body mass index （BMI）, smoking and drinking status, and serum TT （odds ratio [OR] 0.962, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.954-0.969, P〈 0.01）. However, the association between serum TT level and the risk of MS was weak after adjusting for age, BMI, SHBG level, and smoking and drinking status （OR 0,981, 95% CI 0.960-1.007）. Our study reveals that both serum TT and SHBG levels, but not serum FT, are inversely associated with the prevalence of MS and that serum SHBG is an independent and dominant risk factor for MS.展开更多
The detailed glycan structural analysis of glycoprotein is amenable to glycopeptide enrichment. Here, we develop a simple, effective and economical approach to enrich glycopeptides from proteolytically digested peptid...The detailed glycan structural analysis of glycoprotein is amenable to glycopeptide enrichment. Here, we develop a simple, effective and economical approach to enrich glycopeptides from proteolytically digested peptide mixtures by chromatographic column packed with graphite carbon and activated charcoal (G/A-column). Glycopeptide from ovalbumin was efficiently enriched by homemade G/A-column using liquid chromatography and the structure of glycopeptide was obtained by tandem mass spectrometry using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The results in this study demonstrate that G/A-column can be used to enrich N-glycolpeptides and be benefit for online identification of glycopeptide using LC-MS.展开更多
Recently,China’s State Council issued the Continuous Improvement of Air Quality Action Plan(hereafter,the third action plan),which follows the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan(2013–2017)(hereafter,th...Recently,China’s State Council issued the Continuous Improvement of Air Quality Action Plan(hereafter,the third action plan),which follows the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan(2013–2017)(hereafter,the first action plan)and the Three-Year Action Plan for Winning the Blue Sky Defense Battle(2018–2020)(hereafter the second action plan).The first two action plans yielded nationwide health benefits[1–3],from improving lung function[4]to saving medical expenditures[5].Based on our previous estimates[6],due to reductions in the fine particulate matter(PM2.5)level,implementation of the first and second action plans was expected to increase life expectancy by 2.11 and 3.68 months.展开更多
Human toxoplasmosis is caused by the intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Although T. gondii infection is generally asymptomatic for most of the immunocompetent adults, severe complications may occur pa...Human toxoplasmosis is caused by the intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Although T. gondii infection is generally asymptomatic for most of the immunocompetent adults, severe complications may occur particularly in pregnant women and immunocompromised individual. Host cell immunity plays a critical role in parasite differentiation and persistence in the host. Therefore, genetic polymorphism in the host immune genes, for instance interferon-γ gene could be linked with possibility of T. gondii infection. The objective of the study was to verify the link between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IFN-γ gene of pregnant women and T. gondii infection through correlating with anthropometric and sociodemographic parameters. In this study, ninety-two (N = 92) pregnant women (16 - 40 years) and healthy controls (N = 95) with similar age ranges were included. Among them, 25% (n = 23) pregnant women were seropositive for T. gondii IgG antibodies by Rapid Test Assay. Allelic and genotypic frequencies of IFN-γ +874T/A (rs2430561) SNPs were evaluated by using ARMS-PCR. The distribution of the A and T alleles in the specific position of the IFN-γ gene in the T. gondii-infected pregnant women and the control groups did not differ significantly, according to the data. However, we found a higher frequency (13.04%) of A/A genotype in T. gondii infected pregnant women as compared to non-infected individuals (8.70%), demonstrating that T. gondii infection susceptibility may be increased by homozygosity for the A allele. Further studies are to be needed to find out the link between host gene polymorphism and T. gondii infection in Bangladesh.展开更多
Objective: It is in order to examine associations between social desirability (SD) and self-reports of abstinence among youths in rural Ethiopia. Methods: Youths of ages 15-24 (114 participants) were administered ques...Objective: It is in order to examine associations between social desirability (SD) and self-reports of abstinence among youths in rural Ethiopia. Methods: Youths of ages 15-24 (114 participants) were administered questionnaire to assess HIV knowledge and primary abstinence and a modified Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale to assess SD bias. The relationships between SD groups (dichotomized into high and low) and abstinence by various characteristics were assessed by using Fisher’s exact p-values. Results: The odds of individuals reporting abstinence were 13.2 times greater in the high SD group compared to the low SD group (p-value 0.002) when adjusted for education, gender, age group, and HIV knowledge. The differences in abstinence between the high and low SD score groups were also examined for selected variables. Conclusions: Individuals who exhibited more SD bias were more likely to report primary abstinence. SD bias should be considered when conducting self-reported surveys to measure the effectiveness of HIV prevention programs.展开更多
Objective:The relationship between serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin(β-hCG)levels of patients(7 days after the transplantation of frozen-thawed embryos)and the pregnancy outcomes was investigated.Methods:This s...Objective:The relationship between serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin(β-hCG)levels of patients(7 days after the transplantation of frozen-thawed embryos)and the pregnancy outcomes was investigated.Methods:This study was designed as a retrospective clinical trial of 366 women who underwent frozen-thawed embryo transfers(FETs)in artificial cycles.Patients were divided into three groups:clinical pregnancy group,biochemical pregnancy group,and non-pregnant group according to their pregnancy outcomes.Serumβ-hCG levels were tested on day 4,7,9,11 and 14 after FET.Results:In the clinical pregnancy group,the serumβ-hCG levels after 7-day post-transplantation were significantly elevated(16.20 IU/L vs.3.07 vs.0.1 IU/L;P<0.05)compared with the other two groups.Furthermore,it was found that Area Under Curve(AUC=0.96)was significant with cut-off value higher than 4.26 IU/L(sensitivity=92.3%,specificity=90.2%)to predict the clinical pregnancy outcomes in the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis ofβ-hCG concentrations on day 7 of post-transplantation.Conclusion:Our results suggested that the elevated serumβ-hCG levels on day 7 of post-transplantation could predict the positive clinical pregnancy outcomes in artificial FET cycles.展开更多
The COP28's inaugural Health Day highlighted the growing recognition of the connection between climate and health,while China's State Council released its third air quality action plan aiming at ongoing health...The COP28's inaugural Health Day highlighted the growing recognition of the connection between climate and health,while China's State Council released its third air quality action plan aiming at ongoing health improvement.The Synergetic Roadmap project[1],which aims to track China's progress towards carbon neutrality and clean air,provides valuable insights to answer a set of intriguing questions concerning environmental health determinants,their source sectors,and the methods for harmonizing disparate actions to maximize health gain.展开更多
Ozone(O_(3))poses a significant global public health concern as it exerts adverse effects on human cardiovascular health.Nevertheless,there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the relationships bet...Ozone(O_(3))poses a significant global public health concern as it exerts adverse effects on human cardiovascular health.Nevertheless,there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the relationships between O_(3)exposure and the risk of cardiovascular diseases(CVD),as well as the underlying biological mechanisms.To address this knowledge gap,this narrative review meticulously summarizes the existing epidemiological evidence,susceptibility,and potential underlying biological mechanisms linking O_(3)exposure with CVD.An increasing body of epidemiological studies has demonstrated that O_(3)exposure heightens the incidence and mortality of CVD,including specific subtypes such as ischemic heart disease,hypertension,and heart failure.Certain populations display heightened vulnerability to these effects,particularly children,the elderly,obese individuals,and those with pre-existing conditions.Proposed biological mechanisms suggest that O_(3)exposure engenders respiratory and systemic inflammation,oxidative stress,disruption of autonomic nervous and neuroendocrine systems,as well as impairment of coagulation function,glucose,and lipid metabolism.Ultimately,these processes contribute to vascular dysfunction and the development of CVD.However,some studies have reported the absence of associations between O_(3)and CVD,or even potentially protective effects of O_(3).Inconsistencies among the literature may be attributed to inaccurate assessment of personal O_(3)exposure levels in epidemiologic studies,as well as confounding effects stemming from co-pollutants and temperature.Consequently,our findings underscore the imperative for further research,including the development of reliable methodologies for assessing personal O_(3)exposure,exploration of O_(3)exposure's impact on cardiovascular health,and elucidation of its biological mechanisms.These endeavors will consolidate the causal relationship between O_(3)and cardiovascular diseases,subsequently aiding efforts to mitigate the risks associated with O_(3)exposure.展开更多
The response to climate change and air pollution control demonstrates strong synergy across scientific mechanisms,targets,strategies,and governance systems.This report,based on a monitoring indicator system for coordi...The response to climate change and air pollution control demonstrates strong synergy across scientific mechanisms,targets,strategies,and governance systems.This report,based on a monitoring indicator system for coordinated governance of air pollution and climate change,employs an interdisciplinary approach combining natural and social sciences.It establishes 20 indicators across five key areas:air pollution and climate change,governance systems and practices,structural transformation and technologies,atmospheric components and emission reduction pathways,and health impacts and cobenefits.This report tries to provide actionable insights into the interconnectedness of air pollution and climate governance.It highlights key policy gaps,presents updated indicators,and offers a refined monitoring framework to track progress toward China's dual goals of reducing emissions and improving air quality.Compared to previous editions,this year's report has updated four key indicators:meteorological impacts on air quality,climate change and its effects,governance policies,and low-carbon building energy systems.The aim is to further refine the monitoring framework,track progress,and establish a comprehensive theory for collaborative governance while identifying challenges and proposing solutions for China's pathway to carbon neutrality and clean air.The report comprises six chapters.The executive summary chapter is followed by analyzing air pollution and climate change interactions.Governance systems and practices are discussed in the third chapter,focusing on policy implementation and local experiences.The fourth chapter addresses structural transformations and emission reduction technologies,including energy and industrial shifts,transportation,low-carbon buildings,carbon capture and storage,and power systems.The fifth chapter outlines atmospheric component dynamics and emission pathways,presenting insights into emission drivers and future strategies.The sixth chapter assesses health impacts and the benefits of coordinated actions.Since 2019,China Clean Air Policy Partnership has produced annual reports on China's progress in climate and air pollution governance,receiving positive feedback.In 2023,the report was co-developed with Tsinghua University's Carbon Neutrality Research Institute,involving over 100 experts and multiple academic forums.The collaboration aims to continuously improve the indicator system and establish the report as a key resource supporting China's efforts in pollution reduction,carbon mitigation,greening,and sustainable growth.展开更多
The attributable burden is codetermined by the exposure level and nontarget characteristics.However,the conventional method of health impact assessment based on preestablished exposure−response functions includes only...The attributable burden is codetermined by the exposure level and nontarget characteristics.However,the conventional method of health impact assessment based on preestablished exposure−response functions includes only a few well-known characteristics and thus is insufficient to capture the comprehensive variation.We aimed to develop a method to fuse health impact assessment with epidemiological analysis and to identify factors driving baseline risk.The method was applied to identify the factors underlying the change in the number of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))related deaths in China between 2000 and 2010.During the study period,the number of PM_(2.5)-related deaths across China's Mainland increased by 0.62(95%CI:0.57,0.69)million,with 0.65(95%CI:0.47,0.91)million,0.55(95%CI:0.39,0.79)million,and 0.11(95%CI:0.06,0.18)million deaths being associated with increased PM_(2.5)exposure,population aging,and growth in population size,respectively.However,economic growth,urbanization,improvement of welfare services,and improvement of hospital services resulted in 0.25(95%CI:0.15,0.40)million,0.16(95%CI:0.10,0.27)million,0.16(95%CI:0.09,0.26)million,and 0.09(95%CI:0.05,0.15)million fewer deaths,respectively.Results indicated that increased exposure was the major driver of the change in the number of PM_(2.5)-related deaths,and economic growth was the main driver of increased resilience to air pollution.展开更多
China has the largest number of lung cancer cases worldwide,and the heavy burden of lung cancer in China will grow substantially with the rapid aging of the population.The number of lung cancer deaths in China almost ...China has the largest number of lung cancer cases worldwide,and the heavy burden of lung cancer in China will grow substantially with the rapid aging of the population.The number of lung cancer deaths in China almost tripled from 1990 to 2022.Thus,novel strategies targeting the risk factors ignored by clinicians are warranted to conquer the increase in the lung cancer burden.Ambient fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))has been recognized as a first-class carcinogen;more than half of the PM_(2.5)-attributable lung cancer deaths occur in China[1].展开更多
Background:There is limited evidence of the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter≤2.5μm (fine particulate matter,PM_(2.5)) and gynecologic cancer incidence,particular...Background:There is limited evidence of the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter≤2.5μm (fine particulate matter,PM_(2.5)) and gynecologic cancer incidence,particularly in developing countries with high air pollution levels.The present study aimed to investigate the associations of long-term exposure to PM_(2.5)and its constituents with the incidence of gynecologic cancer,and to identify the primary constituent.Methods:A total of 85,500 women from the National Urban Cancer Screening Program in Beijing (2013-2019) were included.5-year average concentrations of PM_(2.5)mass and its constituents,namely carbon black (BC),ammonium (NH_(4)^(+)),nitrate (NO_(3)^(-)),organic matter (OM),and sulfate (SO_(4)^(2-)),were obtained from the Tracking Air Pollution in China (TAP) dataset.Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the association between long-term exposure to PM_(2.5)and its constituents and gynecologic cancer incidence.Mixture exposure models,including quantile-based gcomputation (Qgcomp) and explanatory machine learning model (SHapley Additive exPlanations,SHAP),were used to assess the effect of each constituent.Results:During a mean follow-up of 6.22 years,524 participants were diagnosed with gynecologic cancer.The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for gynecologic cancer incidence associated with 1 standard deviation (SD) increment was 1.10 (95%CI:1.00-1.22) for PM_(2.5),1.12 (95%CI:1.01-1.23) for BC,1.11 (95%CI:1.00-1.23) for NH_(4)^(+),1.12 (95%CI:1.01-1.23) for OM,1.12 (95%CI:1.01-1.23) for SO_(4)^(2-),and1.08 (95%CI:0.98-1.19) for NO_(3)^(-).The Qgcomp model indicated the association between a mixture of PM_(2.5)constituents and gynecologic cancer incidence,with the weights assigned to BC (61.6%),SO_(4)^(2-)(35.9%),and NO_(3)^(-)(2.5%) in the positive direction.The SHAP model showed that SO_(4)^(2-)was the most important constituent,with the mean|SHAP|value of 0.0322,followed by BC (0.0270),OM (0.0232),NO_(3)^(-)(0.0212) and NH_(4)^(+)(0.0190).Conclusions:Long-term exposure to PM_(2.5)was associated with gynecologic cancer incidence,with SO_(4)^(2-)and BC significantly contributing to the association.展开更多
China is now confronting the intertwined challenges of air pollution and climate change.Given the high synergies between air pollution abatement and climate change mitigation,the Chinese government is actively promoti...China is now confronting the intertwined challenges of air pollution and climate change.Given the high synergies between air pollution abatement and climate change mitigation,the Chinese government is actively promoting synergetic control of these two issues.The Synergetic Roadmap project was launched in 2021 to track and analyze the progress of synergetic control in China by developing and monitoring key indicators.The Synergetic Roadmap 2022 report is the first annual update,featuring 20 indicators across five aspects:synergetic governance system and practices,progress in structural transition,air pollution and associated weather-climate interactions,sources,sinks,and mitigation pathway of atmospheric composition,and health impacts and benefits of coordinated control.Compared to the comprehensive review presented in the 2021 report,the Synergetic Roadmap 2022 report places particular emphasis on progress in 2021 with highlights on actions in key sectors and the relevant milestones.These milestones include the proportion of non-fossil power generation capacity surpassing coal-fired capacity for the first time,a decline in the production of crude steel and cement after years of growth,and the surging penetration of electric vehicles.Additionally,in 2022,China issued the first national policy that synergizes abatements of pollution and carbon emissions,marking a new era for China's pollution-carbon co-control.These changes highlight China's efforts to reshape its energy,economic,and transportation structures to meet the demand for synergetic control and sustainable development.Consequently,the country has witnessed a slowdown in carbon emission growth,improved air quality,and increased health benefits in recent years.展开更多
Metabolic syndrome(MS)is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities.Obesity and MS are always accompanied by elevated oxidative stress which might affect cellular biomolecules such as DNA.The aim of the present study is to ...Metabolic syndrome(MS)is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities.Obesity and MS are always accompanied by elevated oxidative stress which might affect cellular biomolecules such as DNA.The aim of the present study is to investigate DNA damage profile in obese premenopausal women and its relation to the risk of MS,polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)and history of recurrent pre-eclampsia.The study included 90 obese women included cases with MS(nZ30),PCOS(n Z30)and previous history of recurrent preeclampsia(nZ30)and,age-matched healthy non-obese control women(n Z 50).The assessment of leukocyte DNA damage was done by comet assay for all cases and controls.Anthropometry and biochemical parameters have been measured.Results showed that mean percent of DNA damage was significantly higher in MS,PCOS as well as in women with the recurrent preeclampsia as compared to healthy controls.The high level of mean DNA damage frequency in obese women was significantly associated with the increased number of metabolic syndrome components.Cases with 2,3 and 3e5 components showed significantly higher levels of DNA damage than controls.Moreover,cases with 3e5 MS components showed significant higher DNA compared to those with the two components.Regarding PCOS,significant positive association between the mean frequency of DNA damage and waist circumference was observed.The study suggests that metabolic abnormalities,PCOS and recurrent pre-eclampsia might be contributed in development of DNA damage in obese women.DNA damage can serve as an early marker for obesity complications in premenopausal women.展开更多
Susceptibility of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)to cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction asso-ciated with exposure to metals in ambient fine particles(PM2.5,particulate matter with aerodynami...Susceptibility of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)to cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction asso-ciated with exposure to metals in ambient fine particles(PM2.5,particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter≤2.5µm)remains poorly evidenced.Based on the COPDB(COPD in Beijing)panel study,we aimed to compare the associations of heart rate(HR,an indicator of cardiovascular autonomic function)and exposure to metals in PM2.5 between 53 patients with COPD and 82 healthy controls by using linear mixed-effects models.In all participants,the HR levels were significantly associated with interquartile range increases in the average concentrations of Cr,Zn,and Pb,but the strength of the associations differed by exposure time(from 1.4%for an average 9 days(d)Cr exposure to 3.5%for an average 9 d Zn exposure).HR was positively associated with the average concentrations of PM2.5 and certain metals only in patients with COPD.Associations between HR and exposure to PM2.5,K,Cr,Mn,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,and Se in patients with COPD significantly differed from those in health controls.Furthermore,association between HR and Cr exposure was robust in COPD patients.In conclusion,our findings indicate that COPD could exacerbate difference in HR following exposure to metals in PM2.5.展开更多
China is striving to build a“Beautiful China”characterized by clean air.The country has committed to further reducing its national mean fine particle(PM_(2.5))concentration by 10%from 2020 to 2025,following the subs...China is striving to build a“Beautiful China”characterized by clean air.The country has committed to further reducing its national mean fine particle(PM_(2.5))concentration by 10%from 2020 to 2025,following the substantial improvements in its air quality during the past decade.Meanwhile,the“Healthy China”mission has pledged to increase the national mean life expectancy by one year during the same period.Yet,to what extent will the“Beautiful China”mission contribute to the“Healthy China”vision by reducing the levels of the detrimental PM_(2.5) is still unclear.Here,by coupling the life table approach and an epidemiological concentration-response model,this study quantifies the potential benefits of achieving China's 2025 air quality target on the national life expectancy.The analysis reveals that the Chinese citizen could expect to extend the average life expectancy by 42.5 days by 2025 due to improved air quality.In addition,if the Chinese government outperforms the planned air quality target,as it usually does,the gains would increase to 65.4 days,~18% of the“Healthy China”life expectancy increment task.Further reductions in PM_(2.5) concentration would lead to accelerated gains in life expectancy both nationally and at the city level,providing strong incentives for the authorities to keep improving air quality.This study reveals the notable benefits on individual life that could be expected from air quality improvement in China and suggests that longer life expectancy is achievable by implementing a health-prioritized air quality management mechanism.展开更多
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> <span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Maternal mortality is a public health problem of more concern to developing countries. As part of improving the maternofoetal prognosis during pregnancy and childbirth, it is essential to carry out regular follow-ups of pregnant women (FE) through antenatal consultations (ANC). In fact, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends at least four ANC at regular intervals during pregnancy. In Senegal the completion rate varies greatly depending on the region. In the District of Kédougou it was 41% in 2017 (DHIS2). The national target was not achieved despite the interventions. Thus we studied the determinants of CPN completion in the health district of Kedougou in 2017. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Method:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The study is of a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional type and concerned a sample of 884 women who gave birth between October 2017 and September 2018. They were chosen by a sample whose distribution in the district was made according to the quota method while respecting the demographic weight of each area of </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">responsibility of the District.</span><span style="font-family:""> <b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The results of our study showed that the average age of women was 24 years with an average number of pregnancies equal to 3. The ANC completion rate at 37%</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> was</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> lower than the administrative data rate which was 41%. The determinants with a statistically most significant link with the completion of ANC are respectively satisfaction with the care and quality of service, the level of information of women regarding PNC, marital status, affordability and distance from the location of the ANC. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Increasing women</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">’</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s incomes, increasing communication about ANC, and bringing health services closer together are needed to improve the completion rate of antenatal care visits.</span>
文摘Calcium-binding tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated protein （CABYR） is a highly polymorphic calcium-binding tyrosine- and serine-/threonine-phosphorylated fibrous sheath （FS） protein involved in capacitation. A putative domain （amino acids 12-48） homologous to the regulatory subunit of type II cAMP-dependent protein kinase A （RII） dimerisation and A kinase-anchoring protein （AKAP）-binding domains of protein kinase A at the N-terminus suggests that CABYR may self-assemble and bind to AKAPs. Moreover, there is evidence that CABYR has limited interaction with AKAPs. However, further evidence and new relationships between CABYR and other FS proteins, including AKAPs, will be helpful in understanding the basic physiology of FS. In this study, a new strategy for co-immunoprecipitation of insoluble proteins, as well as the standard co-immunoprecipitation method in combination with mass spectrometry and western blot, was employed to explore the relationship between CABYR, AKAP3 and Ropperin. The results showed that AKAP3 was co.immunoprecipitated with CABYR by the anti-CABYR-A polyclonal antibody, and, conversely, CABYR was also co.immunoprecipitated with AKAP3 by the anti-AKAP3 polyclonal antibody. Another RIl-like domain containing protein, Ropporin, was also co-immunoprecipitated with CABYR, indicating that Ropporin is one of CABYR＇s binding partners. The interactions between CABYR, AKAP3 and Ropporin were confirmed by yeast two-hybrid assays. Further analysis showed that CABYR not only binds to AKAP3 by its RII domain but binds to Ropporin through other regions besides the RIl-like domain. This is the first demonstration that CABYR variants form a complex not only with the scaffolding protein AKAP3 but also with another Rll-like domain-containing protein in the human sperm FS.
文摘Objective: Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) after curative resection is known to improve the survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, few studies have reported the correlation between the time to initiation of AC (TTAC) and survival in NSCLC patients. Methods: The clinical data of 925 NSCLC patients who received curative resection and post-operative AC at the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between 2003 and 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. TTAC was measured from the date of surgery to the initiation of AC. Disease-free survival (DFS) was defined as the duration from surgery to the time of tumor recurrence or last follow-up evaluation. The optimal cut-off value of TTAC was determined by maximally selected log-rank statistics. The DFS curve was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify risk factors independently associated with DFS. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed for survival analysis using the match data. Results: The optimal discriminating cut-off value of TTAC was set at d 35 after curative resection based on which the patients were assigned into two groups: group A (<= 35 d) and group B (> 35 d). There was no significant difference in the DFS between the two groups (P=0.246), indicating that the TTAC is not an independent prognostic factor for DFS. A further comparison continued to show no significant difference in the DFS among 258 PSM pairs (P=0.283). Conclusions: There was no significant correlation between the TTAC and DFS in NSCLC patients. Studies with larger samples are needed to further verify this conclusion.
文摘This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adult Chinese men. The prevalence of MS was 34.7%, and men with MS had lower serum levels of total T （TT） and SHBG than those without MS （P 〈 0.001）. There was no significant difference in serum free T （FT） levels between subjects with and without MS （P = 0.627）. In logistic regression analysis, the association between MS and serum SHBG levels persisted after adjusting for age, body mass index （BMI）, smoking and drinking status, and serum TT （odds ratio [OR] 0.962, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.954-0.969, P 〈 0.01）. However, the association between serum TT level and the risk of MS was weak after adjusting for age, BMI, SHBG level, and smoking and drinking status （OR 0,981, 95% CI 0.960-1.007）. Our study reveals that both serum TT and SHBG levels, but not serum FT, are inversely associated with the prevalence of MS and that serum SHBG is an independent and dominant risk factor for MS.This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adult Chinese men. The prevalence of MS was 34.7%, and men with MS had lower serum levels of total T （TT） and SHBG than those without MS （P 〈 0.001）. There was no significant difference in serum free T （FT） levels between subjects with and without MS （P = 0.627）. In logistic regression analysis, the association between MS and serum SHBG levels persisted after adjusting for age, body mass index （BMI）, smoking and drinking status, and serum TT （odds ratio [OR] 0.962, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.954-0.969, P〈 0.01）. However, the association between serum TT level and the risk of MS was weak after adjusting for age, BMI, SHBG level, and smoking and drinking status （OR 0,981, 95% CI 0.960-1.007）. Our study reveals that both serum TT and SHBG levels, but not serum FT, are inversely associated with the prevalence of MS and that serum SHBG is an independent and dominant risk factor for MS.
文摘The detailed glycan structural analysis of glycoprotein is amenable to glycopeptide enrichment. Here, we develop a simple, effective and economical approach to enrich glycopeptides from proteolytically digested peptide mixtures by chromatographic column packed with graphite carbon and activated charcoal (G/A-column). Glycopeptide from ovalbumin was efficiently enriched by homemade G/A-column using liquid chromatography and the structure of glycopeptide was obtained by tandem mass spectrometry using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The results in this study demonstrate that G/A-column can be used to enrich N-glycolpeptides and be benefit for online identification of glycopeptide using LC-MS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42175182,42293324,)the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC3708304).
文摘Recently,China’s State Council issued the Continuous Improvement of Air Quality Action Plan(hereafter,the third action plan),which follows the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan(2013–2017)(hereafter,the first action plan)and the Three-Year Action Plan for Winning the Blue Sky Defense Battle(2018–2020)(hereafter the second action plan).The first two action plans yielded nationwide health benefits[1–3],from improving lung function[4]to saving medical expenditures[5].Based on our previous estimates[6],due to reductions in the fine particulate matter(PM2.5)level,implementation of the first and second action plans was expected to increase life expectancy by 2.11 and 3.68 months.
文摘Human toxoplasmosis is caused by the intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Although T. gondii infection is generally asymptomatic for most of the immunocompetent adults, severe complications may occur particularly in pregnant women and immunocompromised individual. Host cell immunity plays a critical role in parasite differentiation and persistence in the host. Therefore, genetic polymorphism in the host immune genes, for instance interferon-γ gene could be linked with possibility of T. gondii infection. The objective of the study was to verify the link between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IFN-γ gene of pregnant women and T. gondii infection through correlating with anthropometric and sociodemographic parameters. In this study, ninety-two (N = 92) pregnant women (16 - 40 years) and healthy controls (N = 95) with similar age ranges were included. Among them, 25% (n = 23) pregnant women were seropositive for T. gondii IgG antibodies by Rapid Test Assay. Allelic and genotypic frequencies of IFN-γ +874T/A (rs2430561) SNPs were evaluated by using ARMS-PCR. The distribution of the A and T alleles in the specific position of the IFN-γ gene in the T. gondii-infected pregnant women and the control groups did not differ significantly, according to the data. However, we found a higher frequency (13.04%) of A/A genotype in T. gondii infected pregnant women as compared to non-infected individuals (8.70%), demonstrating that T. gondii infection susceptibility may be increased by homozygosity for the A allele. Further studies are to be needed to find out the link between host gene polymorphism and T. gondii infection in Bangladesh.
文摘Objective: It is in order to examine associations between social desirability (SD) and self-reports of abstinence among youths in rural Ethiopia. Methods: Youths of ages 15-24 (114 participants) were administered questionnaire to assess HIV knowledge and primary abstinence and a modified Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale to assess SD bias. The relationships between SD groups (dichotomized into high and low) and abstinence by various characteristics were assessed by using Fisher’s exact p-values. Results: The odds of individuals reporting abstinence were 13.2 times greater in the high SD group compared to the low SD group (p-value 0.002) when adjusted for education, gender, age group, and HIV knowledge. The differences in abstinence between the high and low SD score groups were also examined for selected variables. Conclusions: Individuals who exhibited more SD bias were more likely to report primary abstinence. SD bias should be considered when conducting self-reported surveys to measure the effectiveness of HIV prevention programs.
文摘Objective:The relationship between serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin(β-hCG)levels of patients(7 days after the transplantation of frozen-thawed embryos)and the pregnancy outcomes was investigated.Methods:This study was designed as a retrospective clinical trial of 366 women who underwent frozen-thawed embryo transfers(FETs)in artificial cycles.Patients were divided into three groups:clinical pregnancy group,biochemical pregnancy group,and non-pregnant group according to their pregnancy outcomes.Serumβ-hCG levels were tested on day 4,7,9,11 and 14 after FET.Results:In the clinical pregnancy group,the serumβ-hCG levels after 7-day post-transplantation were significantly elevated(16.20 IU/L vs.3.07 vs.0.1 IU/L;P<0.05)compared with the other two groups.Furthermore,it was found that Area Under Curve(AUC=0.96)was significant with cut-off value higher than 4.26 IU/L(sensitivity=92.3%,specificity=90.2%)to predict the clinical pregnancy outcomes in the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis ofβ-hCG concentrations on day 7 of post-transplantation.Conclusion:Our results suggested that the elevated serumβ-hCG levels on day 7 of post-transplantation could predict the positive clinical pregnancy outcomes in artificial FET cycles.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(JQ24052).
文摘The COP28's inaugural Health Day highlighted the growing recognition of the connection between climate and health,while China's State Council released its third air quality action plan aiming at ongoing health improvement.The Synergetic Roadmap project[1],which aims to track China's progress towards carbon neutrality and clean air,provides valuable insights to answer a set of intriguing questions concerning environmental health determinants,their source sectors,and the methods for harmonizing disparate actions to maximize health gain.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42293324).
文摘Ozone(O_(3))poses a significant global public health concern as it exerts adverse effects on human cardiovascular health.Nevertheless,there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the relationships between O_(3)exposure and the risk of cardiovascular diseases(CVD),as well as the underlying biological mechanisms.To address this knowledge gap,this narrative review meticulously summarizes the existing epidemiological evidence,susceptibility,and potential underlying biological mechanisms linking O_(3)exposure with CVD.An increasing body of epidemiological studies has demonstrated that O_(3)exposure heightens the incidence and mortality of CVD,including specific subtypes such as ischemic heart disease,hypertension,and heart failure.Certain populations display heightened vulnerability to these effects,particularly children,the elderly,obese individuals,and those with pre-existing conditions.Proposed biological mechanisms suggest that O_(3)exposure engenders respiratory and systemic inflammation,oxidative stress,disruption of autonomic nervous and neuroendocrine systems,as well as impairment of coagulation function,glucose,and lipid metabolism.Ultimately,these processes contribute to vascular dysfunction and the development of CVD.However,some studies have reported the absence of associations between O_(3)and CVD,or even potentially protective effects of O_(3).Inconsistencies among the literature may be attributed to inaccurate assessment of personal O_(3)exposure levels in epidemiologic studies,as well as confounding effects stemming from co-pollutants and temperature.Consequently,our findings underscore the imperative for further research,including the development of reliable methodologies for assessing personal O_(3)exposure,exploration of O_(3)exposure's impact on cardiovascular health,and elucidation of its biological mechanisms.These endeavors will consolidate the causal relationship between O_(3)and cardiovascular diseases,subsequently aiding efforts to mitigate the risks associated with O_(3)exposure.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3702704)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42293324)the Energy Foundation,China.
文摘The response to climate change and air pollution control demonstrates strong synergy across scientific mechanisms,targets,strategies,and governance systems.This report,based on a monitoring indicator system for coordinated governance of air pollution and climate change,employs an interdisciplinary approach combining natural and social sciences.It establishes 20 indicators across five key areas:air pollution and climate change,governance systems and practices,structural transformation and technologies,atmospheric components and emission reduction pathways,and health impacts and cobenefits.This report tries to provide actionable insights into the interconnectedness of air pollution and climate governance.It highlights key policy gaps,presents updated indicators,and offers a refined monitoring framework to track progress toward China's dual goals of reducing emissions and improving air quality.Compared to previous editions,this year's report has updated four key indicators:meteorological impacts on air quality,climate change and its effects,governance policies,and low-carbon building energy systems.The aim is to further refine the monitoring framework,track progress,and establish a comprehensive theory for collaborative governance while identifying challenges and proposing solutions for China's pathway to carbon neutrality and clean air.The report comprises six chapters.The executive summary chapter is followed by analyzing air pollution and climate change interactions.Governance systems and practices are discussed in the third chapter,focusing on policy implementation and local experiences.The fourth chapter addresses structural transformations and emission reduction technologies,including energy and industrial shifts,transportation,low-carbon buildings,carbon capture and storage,and power systems.The fifth chapter outlines atmospheric component dynamics and emission pathways,presenting insights into emission drivers and future strategies.The sixth chapter assesses health impacts and the benefits of coordinated actions.Since 2019,China Clean Air Policy Partnership has produced annual reports on China's progress in climate and air pollution governance,receiving positive feedback.In 2023,the report was co-developed with Tsinghua University's Carbon Neutrality Research Institute,involving over 100 experts and multiple academic forums.The collaboration aims to continuously improve the indicator system and establish the report as a key resource supporting China's efforts in pollution reduction,carbon mitigation,greening,and sustainable growth.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC3708304,2022YFC3703000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(42175182,42375179).
文摘The attributable burden is codetermined by the exposure level and nontarget characteristics.However,the conventional method of health impact assessment based on preestablished exposure−response functions includes only a few well-known characteristics and thus is insufficient to capture the comprehensive variation.We aimed to develop a method to fuse health impact assessment with epidemiological analysis and to identify factors driving baseline risk.The method was applied to identify the factors underlying the change in the number of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))related deaths in China between 2000 and 2010.During the study period,the number of PM_(2.5)-related deaths across China's Mainland increased by 0.62(95%CI:0.57,0.69)million,with 0.65(95%CI:0.47,0.91)million,0.55(95%CI:0.39,0.79)million,and 0.11(95%CI:0.06,0.18)million deaths being associated with increased PM_(2.5)exposure,population aging,and growth in population size,respectively.However,economic growth,urbanization,improvement of welfare services,and improvement of hospital services resulted in 0.25(95%CI:0.15,0.40)million,0.16(95%CI:0.10,0.27)million,0.16(95%CI:0.09,0.26)million,and 0.09(95%CI:0.05,0.15)million fewer deaths,respectively.Results indicated that increased exposure was the major driver of the change in the number of PM_(2.5)-related deaths,and economic growth was the main driver of increased resilience to air pollution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72474010)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF1203001).
文摘China has the largest number of lung cancer cases worldwide,and the heavy burden of lung cancer in China will grow substantially with the rapid aging of the population.The number of lung cancer deaths in China almost tripled from 1990 to 2022.Thus,novel strategies targeting the risk factors ignored by clinicians are warranted to conquer the increase in the lung cancer burden.Ambient fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))has been recognized as a first-class carcinogen;more than half of the PM_(2.5)-attributable lung cancer deaths occur in China[1].
基金supported by the Science and Technology Program of the Joint Fund of Scientific Research for the Public Hospitals of Inner Mongolia Academy of Medical Sciences (2023GLLH0132)Scientific Research Fund for the Demonstration Project of Public Hospital Reform and Quality Development (Gastrointestinal Tumor) that is approved by Peking University Cancer Hospital (Inner Mongolia Campus)(2023SGGZ068)+1 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation (JQ24052)National Natural Science Foundation of China (42175182, 42375179, and 42422507)
文摘Background:There is limited evidence of the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter≤2.5μm (fine particulate matter,PM_(2.5)) and gynecologic cancer incidence,particularly in developing countries with high air pollution levels.The present study aimed to investigate the associations of long-term exposure to PM_(2.5)and its constituents with the incidence of gynecologic cancer,and to identify the primary constituent.Methods:A total of 85,500 women from the National Urban Cancer Screening Program in Beijing (2013-2019) were included.5-year average concentrations of PM_(2.5)mass and its constituents,namely carbon black (BC),ammonium (NH_(4)^(+)),nitrate (NO_(3)^(-)),organic matter (OM),and sulfate (SO_(4)^(2-)),were obtained from the Tracking Air Pollution in China (TAP) dataset.Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the association between long-term exposure to PM_(2.5)and its constituents and gynecologic cancer incidence.Mixture exposure models,including quantile-based gcomputation (Qgcomp) and explanatory machine learning model (SHapley Additive exPlanations,SHAP),were used to assess the effect of each constituent.Results:During a mean follow-up of 6.22 years,524 participants were diagnosed with gynecologic cancer.The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for gynecologic cancer incidence associated with 1 standard deviation (SD) increment was 1.10 (95%CI:1.00-1.22) for PM_(2.5),1.12 (95%CI:1.01-1.23) for BC,1.11 (95%CI:1.00-1.23) for NH_(4)^(+),1.12 (95%CI:1.01-1.23) for OM,1.12 (95%CI:1.01-1.23) for SO_(4)^(2-),and1.08 (95%CI:0.98-1.19) for NO_(3)^(-).The Qgcomp model indicated the association between a mixture of PM_(2.5)constituents and gynecologic cancer incidence,with the weights assigned to BC (61.6%),SO_(4)^(2-)(35.9%),and NO_(3)^(-)(2.5%) in the positive direction.The SHAP model showed that SO_(4)^(2-)was the most important constituent,with the mean|SHAP|value of 0.0322,followed by BC (0.0270),OM (0.0232),NO_(3)^(-)(0.0212) and NH_(4)^(+)(0.0190).Conclusions:Long-term exposure to PM_(2.5)was associated with gynecologic cancer incidence,with SO_(4)^(2-)and BC significantly contributing to the association.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(72243008,41921005,and 72140003)the Energy Foundation,China.
文摘China is now confronting the intertwined challenges of air pollution and climate change.Given the high synergies between air pollution abatement and climate change mitigation,the Chinese government is actively promoting synergetic control of these two issues.The Synergetic Roadmap project was launched in 2021 to track and analyze the progress of synergetic control in China by developing and monitoring key indicators.The Synergetic Roadmap 2022 report is the first annual update,featuring 20 indicators across five aspects:synergetic governance system and practices,progress in structural transition,air pollution and associated weather-climate interactions,sources,sinks,and mitigation pathway of atmospheric composition,and health impacts and benefits of coordinated control.Compared to the comprehensive review presented in the 2021 report,the Synergetic Roadmap 2022 report places particular emphasis on progress in 2021 with highlights on actions in key sectors and the relevant milestones.These milestones include the proportion of non-fossil power generation capacity surpassing coal-fired capacity for the first time,a decline in the production of crude steel and cement after years of growth,and the surging penetration of electric vehicles.Additionally,in 2022,China issued the first national policy that synergizes abatements of pollution and carbon emissions,marking a new era for China's pollution-carbon co-control.These changes highlight China's efforts to reshape its energy,economic,and transportation structures to meet the demand for synergetic control and sustainable development.Consequently,the country has witnessed a slowdown in carbon emission growth,improved air quality,and increased health benefits in recent years.
基金Authors acknowledge the financial assistance provided by National Research Center,Egypt.
文摘Metabolic syndrome(MS)is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities.Obesity and MS are always accompanied by elevated oxidative stress which might affect cellular biomolecules such as DNA.The aim of the present study is to investigate DNA damage profile in obese premenopausal women and its relation to the risk of MS,polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)and history of recurrent pre-eclampsia.The study included 90 obese women included cases with MS(nZ30),PCOS(n Z30)and previous history of recurrent preeclampsia(nZ30)and,age-matched healthy non-obese control women(n Z 50).The assessment of leukocyte DNA damage was done by comet assay for all cases and controls.Anthropometry and biochemical parameters have been measured.Results showed that mean percent of DNA damage was significantly higher in MS,PCOS as well as in women with the recurrent preeclampsia as compared to healthy controls.The high level of mean DNA damage frequency in obese women was significantly associated with the increased number of metabolic syndrome components.Cases with 2,3 and 3e5 components showed significantly higher levels of DNA damage than controls.Moreover,cases with 3e5 MS components showed significant higher DNA compared to those with the two components.Regarding PCOS,significant positive association between the mean frequency of DNA damage and waist circumference was observed.The study suggests that metabolic abnormalities,PCOS and recurrent pre-eclampsia might be contributed in development of DNA damage in obese women.DNA damage can serve as an early marker for obesity complications in premenopausal women.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41121004,21190051,41421064 and 81571130100)the National Basic Research Program of China(2015CB553401)。
文摘Susceptibility of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)to cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction asso-ciated with exposure to metals in ambient fine particles(PM2.5,particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter≤2.5µm)remains poorly evidenced.Based on the COPDB(COPD in Beijing)panel study,we aimed to compare the associations of heart rate(HR,an indicator of cardiovascular autonomic function)and exposure to metals in PM2.5 between 53 patients with COPD and 82 healthy controls by using linear mixed-effects models.In all participants,the HR levels were significantly associated with interquartile range increases in the average concentrations of Cr,Zn,and Pb,but the strength of the associations differed by exposure time(from 1.4%for an average 9 days(d)Cr exposure to 3.5%for an average 9 d Zn exposure).HR was positively associated with the average concentrations of PM2.5 and certain metals only in patients with COPD.Associations between HR and exposure to PM2.5,K,Cr,Mn,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,and Se in patients with COPD significantly differed from those in health controls.Furthermore,association between HR and Cr exposure was robust in COPD patients.In conclusion,our findings indicate that COPD could exacerbate difference in HR following exposure to metals in PM2.5.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42105169,72171157,42175182,71904097).
文摘China is striving to build a“Beautiful China”characterized by clean air.The country has committed to further reducing its national mean fine particle(PM_(2.5))concentration by 10%from 2020 to 2025,following the substantial improvements in its air quality during the past decade.Meanwhile,the“Healthy China”mission has pledged to increase the national mean life expectancy by one year during the same period.Yet,to what extent will the“Beautiful China”mission contribute to the“Healthy China”vision by reducing the levels of the detrimental PM_(2.5) is still unclear.Here,by coupling the life table approach and an epidemiological concentration-response model,this study quantifies the potential benefits of achieving China's 2025 air quality target on the national life expectancy.The analysis reveals that the Chinese citizen could expect to extend the average life expectancy by 42.5 days by 2025 due to improved air quality.In addition,if the Chinese government outperforms the planned air quality target,as it usually does,the gains would increase to 65.4 days,~18% of the“Healthy China”life expectancy increment task.Further reductions in PM_(2.5) concentration would lead to accelerated gains in life expectancy both nationally and at the city level,providing strong incentives for the authorities to keep improving air quality.This study reveals the notable benefits on individual life that could be expected from air quality improvement in China and suggests that longer life expectancy is achievable by implementing a health-prioritized air quality management mechanism.
