Pubic hair removal has increased in frequency over recent years, with some degree of pubic hair grooming considered desirable by both men and women. Despite the increasing use of chemical depilatory creams for the rem...Pubic hair removal has increased in frequency over recent years, with some degree of pubic hair grooming considered desirable by both men and women. Despite the increasing use of chemical depilatory creams for the removal of hair in intimate regions, there is a lack of published data regarding the safety and efficacy of such products when used for full hair removal in the genital area. This study investigated the in-use cutaneous compatibility of two thioglycolate chemical depilatory creams for full male and female genital depilation through three single application studies. Initially, a preliminary study tested a standard male intimate chemical depilatory cream (Product A) on 18 male participants to ensure acceptable tolerance of the product. Following this, Study 1 applied Product A to 33 male participants whilst a standard female intimate chemical depilatory cream (Product B) was applied to 31 female participants in Study 2. Visual dermal assessments, together with participant-perceived assessment of tolerance, were conducted before application, and at 30 minutes, 24 and 72 hours after product removal. Study 1 reported 5 incidences (out of 33) of dermal irritation at 30 minutes post product removal, with 3 incidences remaining after 72 hours post product removal. Study 2 reported 4 incidences (out of 31) of dermal irritation at 30 minutes post product removal with 1 incidence remaining after 72 hours post product removal. Both chemical depilatory creams were concluded by a dermatologist, on the basis of dermal irritation and participant-perceived tolerance, to have achieved acceptable dermal tolerance when applied to the intended area of use for the maximum recommended application time. This data provides confidence in the safety of chemical depilatory creams when used for full removal of the pubic hair of men and women and adds to the existing published database, validating the safety and efficacy of these products for genital hair removal.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the prevalence of enteric parasite contamination on hands and the potential role naturally contaminated hands may have in their transmission. METHODS: Prior to initiating the survey, the protocol w...AIM: To investigate the prevalence of enteric parasite contamination on hands and the potential role naturally contaminated hands may have in their transmission. METHODS: Prior to initiating the survey, the protocol was reviewed and approved by respective Institutional Review Boards of each survey site(Dhaka, Bangladesh and Kolkata, India). Both stool and corresponding hand wash samples collected, were analyzed for the presence of enteric parasitic ova/(oo)cysts employing conventional microscopy coupled with permanent staining techniques. Additionally molecular approachessuch as polymerase chain reaction(PCR) of enteric parasites recovered from both stool and corresponding hand wash samples, were also used to further confirm their identity. RESULTS: A total of 972 stool samples were collected from both sites surveyed(300 volunteers from Kolkata, India and 672 from Dhaka, Bangladesh). Parasitic analysis revealed, 113(38%) from Kolkata, India and 267(40%) of stool samples from Dhaka, Bangladesh were positive for parasitic ova/(oo)cysts. When the corresponding hand wash samples were analyzed, 43(14%) stool-positive volunteers in Kolkata, India and 47(7%) in Dhaka, Bangladesh were positive for enteric parasitic ova/(oo)cysts. Ascaris lumbricoides(A. lumbricoides) ova and Giardia lamblia(G. lamblia) cysts predominated in hands wash samples from both sites surveyed(from India, A. lumbricoides ova, 53%; G. lamblia cysts 31% and from Bangladesh, A. lumbricoides ova, 47%; G. lamblia cysts 19%). Genotypic analysis of enteric parasitic ova/(oo)cysts obtained from both stool and corresponding hand wash samples taken from the same person were found to be identical. CONCLUSION: These results suggest a possible role of hands contaminated with enteric parasites' ova/(oo)cysts in the transmission of these parasites highlighting another role of hand hygiene/proper hand washing in reducing the disease burden in low socioeconomic communities.展开更多
Background: Ingrown toenail often results in a painful cycle of infection and inflammation and can affect the ability to go about everyday activities. In the UK and Europe, there are limited ways to prevent the develo...Background: Ingrown toenail often results in a painful cycle of infection and inflammation and can affect the ability to go about everyday activities. In the UK and Europe, there are limited ways to prevent the development of ingrowing toenail without specialist intervention. Treatments are often invasive and may require periods of time off work. This prospective, single-site, non-comparative clinical study evaluates the performance, safety and convenience of a treatment kit that can be applied at home at the earliest signs of ingrowing toenail. Methods: Patients (n = 36) with mild ingrowing toenail used the Scholl Ingrowing Toenail Treatment kit for 6 weeks, with assessments by study investigators at Days 0, 21 and 42. The kit comprised a set of toenail clips and a spray, correct use of which was monitored at site visits and through patient diaries. Results: All patients enrolled in the study completed the 42-day treatment period. Severity of ingrowing toenail was significantly reduced in 88.9% (95% CI: 78.62, 99.15) of patients at the end of the study. Twenty-two patients (61.1%) exhibited full resolution of ingrowing toenail at Day 42 and none showed an increase in severity. Reduction in pain and severity of ingrowing toenail from baseline was significant at Days 21 and 42 (p Conclusions: The ingrowing toenail treatment kit was convenient and easy for patients to use at home and resulted in reduced pain and severity of ingrowing toenail at early stages of the condition.展开更多
Since the automatic dishwasher became a very common household appliance,some negative surface modifications with dishes can happen.This paper is recapping main risk factors for glass and décor corrosion after lon...Since the automatic dishwasher became a very common household appliance,some negative surface modifications with dishes can happen.This paper is recapping main risk factors for glass and décor corrosion after long term washing in the dishwasher.The different possibilities for a detergent providing protection of glassware are pointed out.Additionally,the impacts on material care due to the US and EU-phosphate ban in dishwasher detergents are discussed.展开更多
文摘Pubic hair removal has increased in frequency over recent years, with some degree of pubic hair grooming considered desirable by both men and women. Despite the increasing use of chemical depilatory creams for the removal of hair in intimate regions, there is a lack of published data regarding the safety and efficacy of such products when used for full hair removal in the genital area. This study investigated the in-use cutaneous compatibility of two thioglycolate chemical depilatory creams for full male and female genital depilation through three single application studies. Initially, a preliminary study tested a standard male intimate chemical depilatory cream (Product A) on 18 male participants to ensure acceptable tolerance of the product. Following this, Study 1 applied Product A to 33 male participants whilst a standard female intimate chemical depilatory cream (Product B) was applied to 31 female participants in Study 2. Visual dermal assessments, together with participant-perceived assessment of tolerance, were conducted before application, and at 30 minutes, 24 and 72 hours after product removal. Study 1 reported 5 incidences (out of 33) of dermal irritation at 30 minutes post product removal, with 3 incidences remaining after 72 hours post product removal. Study 2 reported 4 incidences (out of 31) of dermal irritation at 30 minutes post product removal with 1 incidence remaining after 72 hours post product removal. Both chemical depilatory creams were concluded by a dermatologist, on the basis of dermal irritation and participant-perceived tolerance, to have achieved acceptable dermal tolerance when applied to the intended area of use for the maximum recommended application time. This data provides confidence in the safety of chemical depilatory creams when used for full removal of the pubic hair of men and women and adds to the existing published database, validating the safety and efficacy of these products for genital hair removal.
基金Supported by President’s Award,Medgar Evers College of the City University of New York and Reckitt Benckiser LLC,New Jersey,United States
文摘AIM: To investigate the prevalence of enteric parasite contamination on hands and the potential role naturally contaminated hands may have in their transmission. METHODS: Prior to initiating the survey, the protocol was reviewed and approved by respective Institutional Review Boards of each survey site(Dhaka, Bangladesh and Kolkata, India). Both stool and corresponding hand wash samples collected, were analyzed for the presence of enteric parasitic ova/(oo)cysts employing conventional microscopy coupled with permanent staining techniques. Additionally molecular approachessuch as polymerase chain reaction(PCR) of enteric parasites recovered from both stool and corresponding hand wash samples, were also used to further confirm their identity. RESULTS: A total of 972 stool samples were collected from both sites surveyed(300 volunteers from Kolkata, India and 672 from Dhaka, Bangladesh). Parasitic analysis revealed, 113(38%) from Kolkata, India and 267(40%) of stool samples from Dhaka, Bangladesh were positive for parasitic ova/(oo)cysts. When the corresponding hand wash samples were analyzed, 43(14%) stool-positive volunteers in Kolkata, India and 47(7%) in Dhaka, Bangladesh were positive for enteric parasitic ova/(oo)cysts. Ascaris lumbricoides(A. lumbricoides) ova and Giardia lamblia(G. lamblia) cysts predominated in hands wash samples from both sites surveyed(from India, A. lumbricoides ova, 53%; G. lamblia cysts 31% and from Bangladesh, A. lumbricoides ova, 47%; G. lamblia cysts 19%). Genotypic analysis of enteric parasitic ova/(oo)cysts obtained from both stool and corresponding hand wash samples taken from the same person were found to be identical. CONCLUSION: These results suggest a possible role of hands contaminated with enteric parasites' ova/(oo)cysts in the transmission of these parasites highlighting another role of hand hygiene/proper hand washing in reducing the disease burden in low socioeconomic communities.
文摘Background: Ingrown toenail often results in a painful cycle of infection and inflammation and can affect the ability to go about everyday activities. In the UK and Europe, there are limited ways to prevent the development of ingrowing toenail without specialist intervention. Treatments are often invasive and may require periods of time off work. This prospective, single-site, non-comparative clinical study evaluates the performance, safety and convenience of a treatment kit that can be applied at home at the earliest signs of ingrowing toenail. Methods: Patients (n = 36) with mild ingrowing toenail used the Scholl Ingrowing Toenail Treatment kit for 6 weeks, with assessments by study investigators at Days 0, 21 and 42. The kit comprised a set of toenail clips and a spray, correct use of which was monitored at site visits and through patient diaries. Results: All patients enrolled in the study completed the 42-day treatment period. Severity of ingrowing toenail was significantly reduced in 88.9% (95% CI: 78.62, 99.15) of patients at the end of the study. Twenty-two patients (61.1%) exhibited full resolution of ingrowing toenail at Day 42 and none showed an increase in severity. Reduction in pain and severity of ingrowing toenail from baseline was significant at Days 21 and 42 (p Conclusions: The ingrowing toenail treatment kit was convenient and easy for patients to use at home and resulted in reduced pain and severity of ingrowing toenail at early stages of the condition.
文摘Since the automatic dishwasher became a very common household appliance,some negative surface modifications with dishes can happen.This paper is recapping main risk factors for glass and décor corrosion after long term washing in the dishwasher.The different possibilities for a detergent providing protection of glassware are pointed out.Additionally,the impacts on material care due to the US and EU-phosphate ban in dishwasher detergents are discussed.
