This research examines the optimal combination of solar panel and battery capacity in hybrid systems in 11 cities on the island of Borneo,utilizing the region’s significant solar energy potential and high irradiation...This research examines the optimal combination of solar panel and battery capacity in hybrid systems in 11 cities on the island of Borneo,utilizing the region’s significant solar energy potential and high irradiation levels.This research analyses the optimal combination of solar panels and battery capacity in 11 cities in Kalimantan using particle swarm optimization(PSO)and grey wolf optimization(GWO)algorithms to maximize energy output,reduce levelised energy costs,and maximally reduce carbon emissions.Results show Tara-kan as the most optimal location,generating 215,804.88 kWh for IDR 916.9/kWh and lowering emissions by 435,884.29 kgCO_(2)e,while Samarinda is the least optimal location.Economically,electricity tariffs of IDR 2,466.78/kWh and IDR 2,000/kWh generate a positive Net Present Value(NPV)with a payback period(PP)of 9-12 years,while a tariffof IDR 1,500/kWh is considered unfavorable.Thefindings demonstrate the effectiveness of PSO and GWO in optimizing the renewable energy system and confirm the project’sfinancial viability,with a positive NPV and reasonable PP.Implementing renewable energy systems in Kalimantan Island can improve energy effi-ciency and significantly reduce carbon emissions,supporting environmental sustainability goals.展开更多
Flexible Zn-based batteries have attracted increasing research interest as essential components of wearable energy storage devices.However,the advancement of flexible aqueous Zn-based batteries based on Co-Ni layered ...Flexible Zn-based batteries have attracted increasing research interest as essential components of wearable energy storage devices.However,the advancement of flexible aqueous Zn-based batteries based on Co-Ni layered double hydroxide (CoNi-LDH) as the cathode material is hampered by their poor cycling stability and the corrosiveness of alkaline electrolytes.Herein,CoNi-LDH nanosheets enriched with H vacancies (CoNi-LDH(v)) were constructed on a flexible carbon cloth (CC) substrate via electrochemical deposition and activation.The Zn-based battery comprising CoNi-LDH(v)@CC as the cathode exhibited highly reversible conversion reactions and stable operation in 3 M ZnSO4electrolyte (pH=4).The battery delivered an excellent specific capacity (225 mA h g^(-1),0.26 mA h cm^(-2)),acceptable cycling stability(53.9%,900 cycles),and high discharging voltage.The abundant H vacancies served as active sites for the reversible intercalation of Zn^(2+)and the extravasation of NO_(3)-generated channels and space for Zn^(2+)transport and storage,together enabling an excellent Zn^(2+)storage capacity.Furthermore,a sandwich-structured solid-state CoNi-LDH(v)@CC//Zn@CC battery was fabricated and was found to exhibit a noteworthy electrochemical performance and mechanical durability.As a proof of concept,the unencapsulated battery powered a digital watch under various deformation conditions and operated stably for 80 h.Additionally,the flexible battery displayed outstanding customizability,maintaining an open-circuit voltage of 1.42 V even after being cut twice.The proposed engineering strategy contributes to the realization of textiles with truly wearable energy-storage devices.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of different acupuncture-related therapies in treating postoperative pain in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCFs)after percutaneous kyphoplasty(...Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of different acupuncture-related therapies in treating postoperative pain in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCFs)after percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP)or percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)using a network meta-analysis.Methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,Chinese Scientific Journal Database,and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(SinoMed)from their inception to January 15,2025.Outcome measures included the Visual Analog Scale(VAS)score,Oswestry Disability Index(ODI)score,and overall efficacy rate.Literature screening,data extraction,and risk-of-bias assessment were independently performed by two researchers.Data analysis was conducted using Stata 17.0 software.Results A total of 35 randomized controlled trials involving 2860 patients were included.The data analysis revealed that,in terms of improving VAS and ODI scores,the top three effective therapies were Fu's subcutaneous needling,wrist-ankle acupuncture,and acupotomy.For the overall efficacy rates in pain treatment,the top three therapies were wrist-ankle acupuncture,warm acupuncture and moxibustion,and Fu's subcutaneous needling.Based on the combined results across the three outcome measures,Fu's subcutaneous needling was found to be the most effective in relieving pain and improving lumbar function.Conclusion Fu's subcutaneous needling,wrist-ankle acupuncture,warm acupuncture and moxibustion,and acupotomy were all effective in treating postoperative pain post-PKP/PVP and improving lumbar function.However,further high-quality,large-sample studies are required to confirm these findings.展开更多
Thinning of antenna arrays has been a popular topic for the last several decades.With increasing computational power,this optimization task acquired a new hue.This paper suggests a genetic algorithm as an instrument f...Thinning of antenna arrays has been a popular topic for the last several decades.With increasing computational power,this optimization task acquired a new hue.This paper suggests a genetic algorithm as an instrument for antenna array thinning.The algorithm with a deliberately chosen fitness function allows synthesizing thinned linear antenna arrays with low peak sidelobe level(SLL)while maintaining the half-power beamwidth(HPBW)of a full linear antenna array.Based on results from existing papers in the field and known approaches to antenna array thinning,a classification of thinning types is introduced.The optimal thinning type for a linear thinned antenna array is determined on the basis of a maximum attainable SLL.The effect of thinning coefficient on main directional pattern characteristics,such as peak SLL and HPBW,is discussed for a number of amplitude distributions.展开更多
We propose a hybrid quantum-classical method,the quantum-enriched large eddy simulation(QELES),for simulating turbulence.The QELES combines the large-scale motion of the large eddy simulation(LES)and the subgrid motio...We propose a hybrid quantum-classical method,the quantum-enriched large eddy simulation(QELES),for simulating turbulence.The QELES combines the large-scale motion of the large eddy simulation(LES)and the subgrid motion of the incompressible Schrodinger flow(ISF).The ISF is a possible way to be simulated on a quantum computer,and it generates subgrid scale turbu-lent structures to enrich the LES field.The enriched LES field can be further used in turbulent combustion and multi-phase flows in which the subgrid scale motion plays an important role.As a conceptual study,we perform the simulations of ISF and LES separately on a classical computer to simulate decaying homogeneous isotropic turbulence.Then,the QEI ES velocity is obtained by the time matching and the spectral blending methods.The QEL ES achieves significant improvement in predicting the energy spectrum,probaility density functions of velocity and vorticity components,and velocity structure functions,and reconstructs coherent small-scales vortices in the direct numerical simulation(DNS).On the other hand,the vortices in the QELES are less elongated and tangled than those in the DNS,and the magnitude of the third-order structure function in the QELES is less than that in the DNS,due to the diferent constitutive relations in the viscous flow and ISE.展开更多
The development of flexible supercapacitors(FSCs) capable of operating at high temperatures is crucial for expanding the application areas and operating conditions of supercapacitors. Gel polymer electrolytes and elec...The development of flexible supercapacitors(FSCs) capable of operating at high temperatures is crucial for expanding the application areas and operating conditions of supercapacitors. Gel polymer electrolytes and electrode materials stand as two key components that significantly impact the efficacy of hightemperature-tolerant FSCs(HT-FSCs). They should not only exhibit high electrochemical performance and excellent flexibility, but also withstand intense thermal stress. Considerable efforts have been devoted to enhancing their thermal stability while maintaining high electrochemical and mechanical performance. In this review, the fundamentals of HT-FSCs are outlined. A comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art progress and achievements in HT-FSCs, with a focus on thermally stable gel polymer electrolytes and electrode materials is provided. Finally, challenges and future perspectives regarding HT-FSCs are discussed, alongside strategies for elevating operational temperatures and performance.This review offers both theoretical foundations and practical guidelines for designing and manufacturing HT-FSCs, further promoting their widespread adoption across diverse fields.展开更多
In the process of concept design of offshore platforms, it is necessary to select the best from feasible alternatives through comparison and filter. The criterion set, used to evaluate and select the satisfying altern...In the process of concept design of offshore platforms, it is necessary to select the best from feasible alternatives through comparison and filter. The criterion set, used to evaluate and select the satisfying alternative, consists of many qualitative and quantitative factors. Therefore, the selection is a problem of multicriteria and semi-structural decision-making. Different from traditional methods in semi-structural decision-making, a new framework and methodology is presented in this paper for evaluation of offshore platform alternatives, First, the criterion set is established for the evaluation of alternatives. Next, the approach is studied to construct the relative membership degree matrix, in which both qualitative and quantitative factors are consistent with the uniform calculating standard. And then a new weight-assessing method is developed for calculation of the weights based on the relative membership degree matrix. Finally, a multi-hierarchy fuzzy optimum model is adopted to select the satisfying offshore platform alternative. A case study shows that the new framework and methodology are scientific, reasonable and easy to use in practice.展开更多
The promoting effect of ethanol on the synthesis of N-（2-methylphenyl）hydroxylamine from o-nitrotoluene in Zn/H2O/CO2 system was observed.By adding appropriate amount of ethanol,the selectivity of N-（2-methylphenyl...The promoting effect of ethanol on the synthesis of N-（2-methylphenyl）hydroxylamine from o-nitrotoluene in Zn/H2O/CO2 system was observed.By adding appropriate amount of ethanol,the selectivity of N-（2-methylphenyl）hydroxylamine increased from 71%to 90%when the reduction was carried out at 25℃under normal pressure of CO2.展开更多
The non-uniqueness of solution and compatibility between the coupled boundary conditions in computing velocity potential and streamfunction from horizontal velocity in a limited domain of arbitrary shape are revisited...The non-uniqueness of solution and compatibility between the coupled boundary conditions in computing velocity potential and streamfunction from horizontal velocity in a limited domain of arbitrary shape are revisited theoretically with rigorous mathematic treatments.Classic integral formulas and their variants are used to formulate solutions for the coupled problems.In the absence of data holes,the total solution is the sum of two integral solutions.One is the internally induced solution produced purely and uniquely by the domain internal divergence and vorticity,and its two components（velocity potential and streamfunction） can be constructed by applying Green＇s function for Poisson equation in unbounded domain to the divergence and vorticity inside the domain.The other is the externally induced solution produced purely but non-uniquely by the domain external divergence and vorticity,and the non-uniqueness is caused by the harmonic nature of the solution and the unknown divergence and vorticity distributions outside the domain.By setting either the velocity potential（or streamfunction） component to zero,the other component of the externally induced solution can be expressed by the imaginary（or real） part of the Cauchy integral constructed using the coupled boundary conditions and solvability conditions that exclude the internally induced solution.The streamfunction（or velocity potential） for the externally induced solution can also be expressed by the boundary integral of a double-layer（or singlelayer） density function.In the presence of data holes,the total solution includes a data-hole-induced solution in addition to the above internally and externally induced solutions.展开更多
ZnO particles about 200 nm were prepared through a facile hydrothermal method.Compared with single ozonation,the degradation efficiency of phenol increased about 23.7%and the degradation efficiency of intermediates im...ZnO particles about 200 nm were prepared through a facile hydrothermal method.Compared with single ozonation,the degradation efficiency of phenol increased about 23.7%and the degradation efficiency of intermediates improved about four times in the presence of ZnO at 298 K.In addition,the catalyst had good stability in the ozonation process.The influence of temperature was investigated and it was found that the better catalysis efficiency could be obtained at lower temperature.展开更多
On the basis of the grain boundary equation by HeUman and corresponding analysis of Worner, this article deals with the interaction range between the second-phase particle （SPP） and grain boundary （GB） as viewed f...On the basis of the grain boundary equation by HeUman and corresponding analysis of Worner, this article deals with the interaction range between the second-phase particle （SPP） and grain boundary （GB） as viewed from the applicability of grain boundary equation. Also, a new expression describing the interaction range has been derived, which solves the problem in theory that the interaction range between SPP and GB can only be qualitatively analyzed previously. It is shown that given the interaction position between SPP and GB, the interaction range can be quantitatively determined by use of this expression.展开更多
In this study,the preparation of a new kind of magnetic and luminescent Fe3O4/CdTe nanocomposites was demonstrated. Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were first synthesized by hydrothermal coprecipitation of ferri...In this study,the preparation of a new kind of magnetic and luminescent Fe3O4/CdTe nanocomposites was demonstrated. Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were first synthesized by hydrothermal coprecipitation of ferric and ferrous ions,followed by the modification of their surfaces with tetramethylammonium hydroxide（TMAOH） and the chemical activation with aspartic acid.The surface-modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles were then covalently coated with CdTe quantum dots（QDs）,which were modified with mercaptoacetic acid（MPA）,to form the Fe3O4/CdTe magnetic and luminescent nanocomposites through the coordination of the amino groups on the surfaces of Fe3O4 and the carboxyl groups on CdTe QDs.The structure and properties of as-synthesized nanocomposites were characterized.It was indicated that the nanocomposites possessed structure with an average diameter of 40- 50 nm,yellow-green emission feature and room temperature ferro-magnetism.Both the fluorescence and UV-vis absorption spectra of the nanocomposites showed a blue shift comparing with those of CdTe QDs.The mechanism of the blue shift was presented.The nanocomposites retained the ferromagnetic property with a saturation magnetization of 8.9 emu/g.展开更多
Nanocrystalline ZrB2 film and nanocomposite Zr-B-O-N films were prepared by non-reactive as well as re- active magnetron sputtering techniques, respectively. By means of X-ray diffraction analysis, electron probe micr...Nanocrystalline ZrB2 film and nanocomposite Zr-B-O-N films were prepared by non-reactive as well as re- active magnetron sputtering techniques, respectively. By means of X-ray diffraction analysis, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, the influence of nitrogen flow ratio on the film microstructure and characteristics were investigated systematically, including the depo- sition rate, chemical compositions, phase constituents, grain size, chemical bonding, as well as cross-sectional morphologies. Meanwhile, the hardness and adhesion of above films were also evaluated by micro-indentation method and a scratch tester. With increasing the nitrogen flow ratio, the deposition rate of above films de- creased approximately linearly, whereas the contents of N and O in the films increased gradually and tended to saturation. Moreover, the film microstructure was also altered gradually from a fine columnar microstructure to a featureless glass-structure. As the nitrogen flow ratio was 11.7%, the Zr-B-O-N film possessed an typical nanocomposite structure and presented good mechanical properties. During the process of reactive sputtering of metal borides, the introduction of nitrogen can show a pronounced suppression of columnar grain growth and strong nanocomposite structure forming ability.展开更多
Physical dormancy(PY) commonly present in the seeds of higher plants is believed to be responsible for the germination failure by impermeable seed coat in hard seeds of legume species, instead of physiological dormanc...Physical dormancy(PY) commonly present in the seeds of higher plants is believed to be responsible for the germination failure by impermeable seed coat in hard seeds of legume species, instead of physiological dormancy(PD). In this study, a non-destructive approach involving multispectral imaging was used to successfully identify hard seeds from non-hard seeds in Medicago sativa, with accuracy as high as96.8%–99.0%. We further adopted multiple-omics strategies to investigate the differences of physiology,metabolomics, methylomics, and transcriptomics in alfalfa hard seeds, with non-hard seeds as control.The hard seeds showed dramatically increased antioxidants and 125 metabolites of significant differences in non-targeted metabolomics analysis, which are enriched in the biosynthesis pathways of flavonoids, lipids and hormones, especially with significantly higher ABA, a hormone known to induce dormancy. In our transcriptomics results, the enrichment pathway of “response to abscisic acid” of differential expressed genes(DEG) supported the key role of ABA in metabolomics results. The methylome analysis identified 54,899, 46,216 and 54,452 differential methylation regions for contexts of CpG, CHG and CHH, and 344 DEGs might be regulated by hypermethylation and hypomethylation of promoter and exon regions, including four ABA-and JA-responsive genes. Among 8% hard seeds in seed lots,24.5% still did not germinate after scarifying seed coat, and were named as non-PY hard seeds.Compared to hard seeds, significantly higher contents of ABA/IAA and ABA/JA were identified in nonPY hard seeds, which indicated the potential presence of PD. In summary, the significantly changed metabolites, gene expressions, and methylations all suggested involvement of ABA responses in hard seeds, and germination failure of alfalfa hard seeds was caused by combinational dormancy(PY + PD),rather than PY alone.展开更多
The paper introduces gas to liquids (GTL) as a monetising option from a technology, marketing and project perspective. GTL is complementary to LNG and pipelines. At the same time, using natural gas as a source for fue...The paper introduces gas to liquids (GTL) as a monetising option from a technology, marketing and project perspective. GTL is complementary to LNG and pipelines. At the same time, using natural gas as a source for fuels in the form of GTL helps countries around the world to diversify their energy supplies. Furthermore, gas-based products are inherently cleaner than oil products. Shell's proprietary GTL technology or SMDS (Shell Middle Distillates Synthesis), is discussed in some detail. The paper also covers the challenges for successful implementation of GTL projects and why Shell is well positioned to take a lead in the industry on the basis of its long standing and broad experience in GTL research, plant operations, marketing and excellent track record in mega projects in the last thirty years. Shell's commitment to GTL is best demonstrated by the recent signing of a Heads of Agreement with Qatar Petroleum for the construction of the world's largest GTL plant. A key success factor is Shell's experience with marketing quantities of high quality GTL products from its 12,500 barrels per day plant at Bintulu, Malaysia since 1993. Further marketing opportunities will arise when new GTL capacity comes on-stream in the middle east when more quantities will become available to bulk users. Amongst the most interesting market will be automotive transportation, where clean GTL fuels can be positioned as an 'alternative fuel beyond oil' providing energy security to host countries. Shell is actively engaging with a number of regulators, automotive companies and governments worldwide including China, to demonstrate the performance of GTL and its cost effectiveness in reducing local emissions. An added benefit is that GTL can use existing infrastructure and requires no investment. Finally, the paper briefly discusses the coal to liquids (CTL) process as an alternative route to produce high quality GTL products and the key issues relating to the process.展开更多
To regulate the microstructure homogeneity of large aluminum structural forgings for aircraft,the surface cumulative plastic deformation was proposed.The microstructure of 7050 aluminum forgings after the surface cumu...To regulate the microstructure homogeneity of large aluminum structural forgings for aircraft,the surface cumulative plastic deformation was proposed.The microstructure of 7050 aluminum forgings after the surface cumulative plastic deformation was investigated by electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results showed that the microstructure evolution of 7050 aluminum forgings was more sensitive to the deformation temperature than the strain rate.The dislocation density continued to increase with the decrease of the deformation temperature and the increase of the strain rate.Dislocation density and stored energy were accumulated by the surface cumulative plastic deformation.Besides,a static recrystallization(SRX)model of 7050 aluminum forgings was established.The SRX volume fraction calculated by this model was in good agreement with the experimental results,which indicated that the model could accurately describe the SRX behavior of 7050 aluminum forgings during the surface cumulative plastic deformation.展开更多
The enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase IV（DPP IV）, is a novel target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition improves the impaired insulin secretion and decrease postprandial concentration...The enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase IV（DPP IV）, is a novel target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition improves the impaired insulin secretion and decrease postprandial concentrations of glucagon by enhancing the incretin hormone levels lucagon-like peptide-1（GLP-1） and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/gastric inhibitory polypeptide（GIP）. Recently, DPP IV inhibitors have attracted more and more attention, several of which have entered pre-clinical and clinical trials, and one has received approval for use as an anti-diabetic agent. Among the DPP IV inhibitors, two leading agents（sitagliptin and vildagliptin） have been shown to be effective in reducing glycosylated hemoglobin（HbAlc） and fasting plasma glucose（FPG） in patients with type 2 diabetes. This review summarizes the evidence supporting DPP IV inhibitors as potential antidiabetic agents.展开更多
Objective： To study the anti-fatigue effects of salidroside in mice. Methods： Totally 120 normal male Kunming mice were randomized into 5 groups （4 salidroside intervention groups and the control group） based on b...Objective： To study the anti-fatigue effects of salidroside in mice. Methods： Totally 120 normal male Kunming mice were randomized into 5 groups （4 salidroside intervention groups and the control group） based on body weight. The control group was given distilled water and the 4 intervention groups were given various doses of salidroside （60, 180, 360, 720 mg/kg） for 15 consecutive days, respectively. The levels of lactate, serum urea nitrogen, muscle and liver glycogen, the longest swimming time and hemoglobin were determined before and after swimming test. Results： Different doses of salidroside significantly lengthened the swimming time and increased the contents of hemoglobin and muscle and liver glycogen, while reducing that of lactate in blood significantly compared with control group, especially in the 180 mg/kg salidroside group. Conclusion： Salidroside has noticeable anti-fatigue effect on mice. These effects were dose-dependent, and the strongest effect on most biomarkers was seen with an intermediate dose.展开更多
In order to weaken the bias flow in the submerged entry nozzle （SEN） with slide- gate, the rotating magnetic field was imposed. The numerical method was employed to investigate the effect of rotating magnetic field ...In order to weaken the bias flow in the submerged entry nozzle （SEN） with slide- gate, the rotating magnetic field was imposed. The numerical method was employed to investigate the effect of rotating magnetic field on the flow field in the SEN and the mold under different slide-gate opening ratios. Numerical results showed that when the slide-gate opening ratio is smaller than 100%, the flow field in the SEN and the mold become asymmetry and there is an obvious circulation under the slide- gate in the SEN. With increasing exciting current, the divergent angle of liquid steel at the SEN outlet increases, the impact depth of liquid steel in the mold decreases. With increasing slide-gate opening ratio, the impact depth of liquid steel in the mold increases and the required exciting current to weaken the bias flow should increase.展开更多
基金supported by non-APBN UM 2024,Indonesia,with contract number 5.4.111/UN32.14.1/LT/2024.
文摘This research examines the optimal combination of solar panel and battery capacity in hybrid systems in 11 cities on the island of Borneo,utilizing the region’s significant solar energy potential and high irradiation levels.This research analyses the optimal combination of solar panels and battery capacity in 11 cities in Kalimantan using particle swarm optimization(PSO)and grey wolf optimization(GWO)algorithms to maximize energy output,reduce levelised energy costs,and maximally reduce carbon emissions.Results show Tara-kan as the most optimal location,generating 215,804.88 kWh for IDR 916.9/kWh and lowering emissions by 435,884.29 kgCO_(2)e,while Samarinda is the least optimal location.Economically,electricity tariffs of IDR 2,466.78/kWh and IDR 2,000/kWh generate a positive Net Present Value(NPV)with a payback period(PP)of 9-12 years,while a tariffof IDR 1,500/kWh is considered unfavorable.Thefindings demonstrate the effectiveness of PSO and GWO in optimizing the renewable energy system and confirm the project’sfinancial viability,with a positive NPV and reasonable PP.Implementing renewable energy systems in Kalimantan Island can improve energy effi-ciency and significantly reduce carbon emissions,supporting environmental sustainability goals.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (52003191,5247317, 52473275)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST (2022QNRC001)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20221539)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX22_2341)Program of Introducing Talents of Jiangnan University (1065219032210150)Program of China Scholarship Council (202306790065)。
文摘Flexible Zn-based batteries have attracted increasing research interest as essential components of wearable energy storage devices.However,the advancement of flexible aqueous Zn-based batteries based on Co-Ni layered double hydroxide (CoNi-LDH) as the cathode material is hampered by their poor cycling stability and the corrosiveness of alkaline electrolytes.Herein,CoNi-LDH nanosheets enriched with H vacancies (CoNi-LDH(v)) were constructed on a flexible carbon cloth (CC) substrate via electrochemical deposition and activation.The Zn-based battery comprising CoNi-LDH(v)@CC as the cathode exhibited highly reversible conversion reactions and stable operation in 3 M ZnSO4electrolyte (pH=4).The battery delivered an excellent specific capacity (225 mA h g^(-1),0.26 mA h cm^(-2)),acceptable cycling stability(53.9%,900 cycles),and high discharging voltage.The abundant H vacancies served as active sites for the reversible intercalation of Zn^(2+)and the extravasation of NO_(3)-generated channels and space for Zn^(2+)transport and storage,together enabling an excellent Zn^(2+)storage capacity.Furthermore,a sandwich-structured solid-state CoNi-LDH(v)@CC//Zn@CC battery was fabricated and was found to exhibit a noteworthy electrochemical performance and mechanical durability.As a proof of concept,the unencapsulated battery powered a digital watch under various deformation conditions and operated stably for 80 h.Additionally,the flexible battery displayed outstanding customizability,maintaining an open-circuit voltage of 1.42 V even after being cut twice.The proposed engineering strategy contributes to the realization of textiles with truly wearable energy-storage devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82305273)the Central High-Level Clinical Research Fund for Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospitals(DZMG-QNGG0010).
文摘Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of different acupuncture-related therapies in treating postoperative pain in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCFs)after percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP)or percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)using a network meta-analysis.Methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,Chinese Scientific Journal Database,and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(SinoMed)from their inception to January 15,2025.Outcome measures included the Visual Analog Scale(VAS)score,Oswestry Disability Index(ODI)score,and overall efficacy rate.Literature screening,data extraction,and risk-of-bias assessment were independently performed by two researchers.Data analysis was conducted using Stata 17.0 software.Results A total of 35 randomized controlled trials involving 2860 patients were included.The data analysis revealed that,in terms of improving VAS and ODI scores,the top three effective therapies were Fu's subcutaneous needling,wrist-ankle acupuncture,and acupotomy.For the overall efficacy rates in pain treatment,the top three therapies were wrist-ankle acupuncture,warm acupuncture and moxibustion,and Fu's subcutaneous needling.Based on the combined results across the three outcome measures,Fu's subcutaneous needling was found to be the most effective in relieving pain and improving lumbar function.Conclusion Fu's subcutaneous needling,wrist-ankle acupuncture,warm acupuncture and moxibustion,and acupotomy were all effective in treating postoperative pain post-PKP/PVP and improving lumbar function.However,further high-quality,large-sample studies are required to confirm these findings.
文摘Thinning of antenna arrays has been a popular topic for the last several decades.With increasing computational power,this optimization task acquired a new hue.This paper suggests a genetic algorithm as an instrument for antenna array thinning.The algorithm with a deliberately chosen fitness function allows synthesizing thinned linear antenna arrays with low peak sidelobe level(SLL)while maintaining the half-power beamwidth(HPBW)of a full linear antenna array.Based on results from existing papers in the field and known approaches to antenna array thinning,a classification of thinning types is introduced.The optimal thinning type for a linear thinned antenna array is determined on the basis of a maximum attainable SLL.The effect of thinning coefficient on main directional pattern characteristics,such as peak SLL and HPBW,is discussed for a number of amplitude distributions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.11925201,and 11988102)the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2020YFE0204200)the Xplore Prize.Numerical simulations were carried out on the TH-2A supercomputer in Guangzhou,China.
文摘We propose a hybrid quantum-classical method,the quantum-enriched large eddy simulation(QELES),for simulating turbulence.The QELES combines the large-scale motion of the large eddy simulation(LES)and the subgrid motion of the incompressible Schrodinger flow(ISF).The ISF is a possible way to be simulated on a quantum computer,and it generates subgrid scale turbu-lent structures to enrich the LES field.The enriched LES field can be further used in turbulent combustion and multi-phase flows in which the subgrid scale motion plays an important role.As a conceptual study,we perform the simulations of ISF and LES separately on a classical computer to simulate decaying homogeneous isotropic turbulence.Then,the QEI ES velocity is obtained by the time matching and the spectral blending methods.The QEL ES achieves significant improvement in predicting the energy spectrum,probaility density functions of velocity and vorticity components,and velocity structure functions,and reconstructs coherent small-scales vortices in the direct numerical simulation(DNS).On the other hand,the vortices in the QELES are less elongated and tangled than those in the DNS,and the magnitude of the third-order structure function in the QELES is less than that in the DNS,due to the diferent constitutive relations in the viscous flow and ISE.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No. SWU-KT22030)Scientific and Technological Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission of China (No.KJQN202300205)financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under the project of 457444676。
文摘The development of flexible supercapacitors(FSCs) capable of operating at high temperatures is crucial for expanding the application areas and operating conditions of supercapacitors. Gel polymer electrolytes and electrode materials stand as two key components that significantly impact the efficacy of hightemperature-tolerant FSCs(HT-FSCs). They should not only exhibit high electrochemical performance and excellent flexibility, but also withstand intense thermal stress. Considerable efforts have been devoted to enhancing their thermal stability while maintaining high electrochemical and mechanical performance. In this review, the fundamentals of HT-FSCs are outlined. A comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art progress and achievements in HT-FSCs, with a focus on thermally stable gel polymer electrolytes and electrode materials is provided. Finally, challenges and future perspectives regarding HT-FSCs are discussed, alongside strategies for elevating operational temperatures and performance.This review offers both theoretical foundations and practical guidelines for designing and manufacturing HT-FSCs, further promoting their widespread adoption across diverse fields.
基金The work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 59179376)
文摘In the process of concept design of offshore platforms, it is necessary to select the best from feasible alternatives through comparison and filter. The criterion set, used to evaluate and select the satisfying alternative, consists of many qualitative and quantitative factors. Therefore, the selection is a problem of multicriteria and semi-structural decision-making. Different from traditional methods in semi-structural decision-making, a new framework and methodology is presented in this paper for evaluation of offshore platform alternatives, First, the criterion set is established for the evaluation of alternatives. Next, the approach is studied to construct the relative membership degree matrix, in which both qualitative and quantitative factors are consistent with the uniform calculating standard. And then a new weight-assessing method is developed for calculation of the weights based on the relative membership degree matrix. Finally, a multi-hierarchy fuzzy optimum model is adopted to select the satisfying offshore platform alternative. A case study shows that the new framework and methodology are scientific, reasonable and easy to use in practice.
基金supported by the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China(No.20070141046)the Fund of Education Department of Liaoning Province(No.[2006]124)
文摘The promoting effect of ethanol on the synthesis of N-（2-methylphenyl）hydroxylamine from o-nitrotoluene in Zn/H2O/CO2 system was observed.By adding appropriate amount of ethanol,the selectivity of N-（2-methylphenyl）hydroxylamine increased from 71%to 90%when the reduction was carried out at 25℃under normal pressure of CO2.
基金supported by the Office of Naval Research (Grant No. N000141010778) to the University of Oklahomathe National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40930950,41075043,and 4092116037) to the Institute of Atmospheric Physicsprovided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement (No. NA17RJ1227),U.S. Department of Commerce
文摘The non-uniqueness of solution and compatibility between the coupled boundary conditions in computing velocity potential and streamfunction from horizontal velocity in a limited domain of arbitrary shape are revisited theoretically with rigorous mathematic treatments.Classic integral formulas and their variants are used to formulate solutions for the coupled problems.In the absence of data holes,the total solution is the sum of two integral solutions.One is the internally induced solution produced purely and uniquely by the domain internal divergence and vorticity,and its two components（velocity potential and streamfunction） can be constructed by applying Green＇s function for Poisson equation in unbounded domain to the divergence and vorticity inside the domain.The other is the externally induced solution produced purely but non-uniquely by the domain external divergence and vorticity,and the non-uniqueness is caused by the harmonic nature of the solution and the unknown divergence and vorticity distributions outside the domain.By setting either the velocity potential（or streamfunction） component to zero,the other component of the externally induced solution can be expressed by the imaginary（or real） part of the Cauchy integral constructed using the coupled boundary conditions and solvability conditions that exclude the internally induced solution.The streamfunction（or velocity potential） for the externally induced solution can also be expressed by the boundary integral of a double-layer（or singlelayer） density function.In the presence of data holes,the total solution includes a data-hole-induced solution in addition to the above internally and externally induced solutions.
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 20903048,20771046 and 21005031)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No. JUSRP30903)+1 种基金the Startup Foundation for Introduced Talents(Nos.20081789 and 20091207)the Science Foundation for Youth(Nos.2008LQN002 and 2009LQN11)
文摘ZnO particles about 200 nm were prepared through a facile hydrothermal method.Compared with single ozonation,the degradation efficiency of phenol increased about 23.7%and the degradation efficiency of intermediates improved about four times in the presence of ZnO at 298 K.In addition,the catalyst had good stability in the ozonation process.The influence of temperature was investigated and it was found that the better catalysis efficiency could be obtained at lower temperature.
基金the financial support from the Supporting Plan for New Century Excellent Talents,MOE,China under grant No.NCET-04-0257the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50471070)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(No.20051050).
文摘On the basis of the grain boundary equation by HeUman and corresponding analysis of Worner, this article deals with the interaction range between the second-phase particle （SPP） and grain boundary （GB） as viewed from the applicability of grain boundary equation. Also, a new expression describing the interaction range has been derived, which solves the problem in theory that the interaction range between SPP and GB can only be qualitatively analyzed previously. It is shown that given the interaction position between SPP and GB, the interaction range can be quantitatively determined by use of this expression.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.20345006 and 20575043)
文摘In this study,the preparation of a new kind of magnetic and luminescent Fe3O4/CdTe nanocomposites was demonstrated. Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were first synthesized by hydrothermal coprecipitation of ferric and ferrous ions,followed by the modification of their surfaces with tetramethylammonium hydroxide（TMAOH） and the chemical activation with aspartic acid.The surface-modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles were then covalently coated with CdTe quantum dots（QDs）,which were modified with mercaptoacetic acid（MPA）,to form the Fe3O4/CdTe magnetic and luminescent nanocomposites through the coordination of the amino groups on the surfaces of Fe3O4 and the carboxyl groups on CdTe QDs.The structure and properties of as-synthesized nanocomposites were characterized.It was indicated that the nanocomposites possessed structure with an average diameter of 40- 50 nm,yellow-green emission feature and room temperature ferro-magnetism.Both the fluorescence and UV-vis absorption spectra of the nanocomposites showed a blue shift comparing with those of CdTe QDs.The mechanism of the blue shift was presented.The nanocomposites retained the ferromagnetic property with a saturation magnetization of 8.9 emu/g.
基金funded the National Core Research Center(NCRC)Program through the National Research Foundation of Koreafunded by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technology(No.2012-0000-957)+1 种基金by the Fundamental R&D Program for Core Technology of Materials funded by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy,Republic of Koreafunded by the Shenyang Science&Technology Plan Project for the Special of Tackling Key Problems of Industrial Science and Technology(No.F12-012-2-00)
文摘Nanocrystalline ZrB2 film and nanocomposite Zr-B-O-N films were prepared by non-reactive as well as re- active magnetron sputtering techniques, respectively. By means of X-ray diffraction analysis, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, the influence of nitrogen flow ratio on the film microstructure and characteristics were investigated systematically, including the depo- sition rate, chemical compositions, phase constituents, grain size, chemical bonding, as well as cross-sectional morphologies. Meanwhile, the hardness and adhesion of above films were also evaluated by micro-indentation method and a scratch tester. With increasing the nitrogen flow ratio, the deposition rate of above films de- creased approximately linearly, whereas the contents of N and O in the films increased gradually and tended to saturation. Moreover, the film microstructure was also altered gradually from a fine columnar microstructure to a featureless glass-structure. As the nitrogen flow ratio was 11.7%, the Zr-B-O-N film possessed an typical nanocomposite structure and presented good mechanical properties. During the process of reactive sputtering of metal borides, the introduction of nitrogen can show a pronounced suppression of columnar grain growth and strong nanocomposite structure forming ability.
基金supported by the earmarked fund for CARS (CARS-34)National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD1300804)the Key R&D Project of Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2023YFSY0012)。
文摘Physical dormancy(PY) commonly present in the seeds of higher plants is believed to be responsible for the germination failure by impermeable seed coat in hard seeds of legume species, instead of physiological dormancy(PD). In this study, a non-destructive approach involving multispectral imaging was used to successfully identify hard seeds from non-hard seeds in Medicago sativa, with accuracy as high as96.8%–99.0%. We further adopted multiple-omics strategies to investigate the differences of physiology,metabolomics, methylomics, and transcriptomics in alfalfa hard seeds, with non-hard seeds as control.The hard seeds showed dramatically increased antioxidants and 125 metabolites of significant differences in non-targeted metabolomics analysis, which are enriched in the biosynthesis pathways of flavonoids, lipids and hormones, especially with significantly higher ABA, a hormone known to induce dormancy. In our transcriptomics results, the enrichment pathway of “response to abscisic acid” of differential expressed genes(DEG) supported the key role of ABA in metabolomics results. The methylome analysis identified 54,899, 46,216 and 54,452 differential methylation regions for contexts of CpG, CHG and CHH, and 344 DEGs might be regulated by hypermethylation and hypomethylation of promoter and exon regions, including four ABA-and JA-responsive genes. Among 8% hard seeds in seed lots,24.5% still did not germinate after scarifying seed coat, and were named as non-PY hard seeds.Compared to hard seeds, significantly higher contents of ABA/IAA and ABA/JA were identified in nonPY hard seeds, which indicated the potential presence of PD. In summary, the significantly changed metabolites, gene expressions, and methylations all suggested involvement of ABA responses in hard seeds, and germination failure of alfalfa hard seeds was caused by combinational dormancy(PY + PD),rather than PY alone.
文摘The paper introduces gas to liquids (GTL) as a monetising option from a technology, marketing and project perspective. GTL is complementary to LNG and pipelines. At the same time, using natural gas as a source for fuels in the form of GTL helps countries around the world to diversify their energy supplies. Furthermore, gas-based products are inherently cleaner than oil products. Shell's proprietary GTL technology or SMDS (Shell Middle Distillates Synthesis), is discussed in some detail. The paper also covers the challenges for successful implementation of GTL projects and why Shell is well positioned to take a lead in the industry on the basis of its long standing and broad experience in GTL research, plant operations, marketing and excellent track record in mega projects in the last thirty years. Shell's commitment to GTL is best demonstrated by the recent signing of a Heads of Agreement with Qatar Petroleum for the construction of the world's largest GTL plant. A key success factor is Shell's experience with marketing quantities of high quality GTL products from its 12,500 barrels per day plant at Bintulu, Malaysia since 1993. Further marketing opportunities will arise when new GTL capacity comes on-stream in the middle east when more quantities will become available to bulk users. Amongst the most interesting market will be automotive transportation, where clean GTL fuels can be positioned as an 'alternative fuel beyond oil' providing energy security to host countries. Shell is actively engaging with a number of regulators, automotive companies and governments worldwide including China, to demonstrate the performance of GTL and its cost effectiveness in reducing local emissions. An added benefit is that GTL can use existing infrastructure and requires no investment. Finally, the paper briefly discusses the coal to liquids (CTL) process as an alternative route to produce high quality GTL products and the key issues relating to the process.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China (No. E2019203075)the Top Young Talents Project of the Education Department of Hebei Province, China (No. BJ2019001)the State Key Laboratory Program of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, China (No. Kfkt2017-07)
文摘To regulate the microstructure homogeneity of large aluminum structural forgings for aircraft,the surface cumulative plastic deformation was proposed.The microstructure of 7050 aluminum forgings after the surface cumulative plastic deformation was investigated by electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results showed that the microstructure evolution of 7050 aluminum forgings was more sensitive to the deformation temperature than the strain rate.The dislocation density continued to increase with the decrease of the deformation temperature and the increase of the strain rate.Dislocation density and stored energy were accumulated by the surface cumulative plastic deformation.Besides,a static recrystallization(SRX)model of 7050 aluminum forgings was established.The SRX volume fraction calculated by this model was in good agreement with the experimental results,which indicated that the model could accurately describe the SRX behavior of 7050 aluminum forgings during the surface cumulative plastic deformation.
文摘The enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase IV（DPP IV）, is a novel target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition improves the impaired insulin secretion and decrease postprandial concentrations of glucagon by enhancing the incretin hormone levels lucagon-like peptide-1（GLP-1） and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/gastric inhibitory polypeptide（GIP）. Recently, DPP IV inhibitors have attracted more and more attention, several of which have entered pre-clinical and clinical trials, and one has received approval for use as an anti-diabetic agent. Among the DPP IV inhibitors, two leading agents（sitagliptin and vildagliptin） have been shown to be effective in reducing glycosylated hemoglobin（HbAlc） and fasting plasma glucose（FPG） in patients with type 2 diabetes. This review summarizes the evidence supporting DPP IV inhibitors as potential antidiabetic agents.
基金the Foundation of the Gym Sport Bureau of Shanghai (04JT017)
文摘Objective： To study the anti-fatigue effects of salidroside in mice. Methods： Totally 120 normal male Kunming mice were randomized into 5 groups （4 salidroside intervention groups and the control group） based on body weight. The control group was given distilled water and the 4 intervention groups were given various doses of salidroside （60, 180, 360, 720 mg/kg） for 15 consecutive days, respectively. The levels of lactate, serum urea nitrogen, muscle and liver glycogen, the longest swimming time and hemoglobin were determined before and after swimming test. Results： Different doses of salidroside significantly lengthened the swimming time and increased the contents of hemoglobin and muscle and liver glycogen, while reducing that of lactate in blood significantly compared with control group, especially in the 180 mg/kg salidroside group. Conclusion： Salidroside has noticeable anti-fatigue effect on mice. These effects were dose-dependent, and the strongest effect on most biomarkers was seen with an intermediate dose.
基金financially supported by the National High Technical Research and Development Programme of China (No. 2009AA03Z530)the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Shanghai Baosteel (No. 50834010)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51174058, 51104047 and 51004035)111 Project (No. B07015)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No. N100409007)the Doctor Startup Foundation of Liaoning Province (No.20111009)
文摘In order to weaken the bias flow in the submerged entry nozzle （SEN） with slide- gate, the rotating magnetic field was imposed. The numerical method was employed to investigate the effect of rotating magnetic field on the flow field in the SEN and the mold under different slide-gate opening ratios. Numerical results showed that when the slide-gate opening ratio is smaller than 100%, the flow field in the SEN and the mold become asymmetry and there is an obvious circulation under the slide- gate in the SEN. With increasing exciting current, the divergent angle of liquid steel at the SEN outlet increases, the impact depth of liquid steel in the mold decreases. With increasing slide-gate opening ratio, the impact depth of liquid steel in the mold increases and the required exciting current to weaken the bias flow should increase.
