A positive biodiversity-ecosystem functioning(BEF)relationship is frequently reported for biotic communities with low diversity levels.However,whether this is also true for highly diverse soil microbial communities re...A positive biodiversity-ecosystem functioning(BEF)relationship is frequently reported for biotic communities with low diversity levels.However,whether this is also true for highly diverse soil microbial communities remains unclear.The study explored the BEF relationships between species richness and nitrogen(N)-transforming capability of nirK-and nirS-nitrite reducers,nitrous oxide reducers,and nitrite oxidizer communities in soils from five different vegetation types.The results consistently indicated negative BEF patterns in these N-transforming microbes.The relative abundance of keystone taxa from co-occurrence networks increased substantially with species richness but was negatively correlated with functional performance.Network complexity decreased in communities with high species richness.These findings suggest that negative selection and biotic competition may simultaneously generate negative BEF patterns.A conceptual model was also proposed in which the BEF relationship followed a quadratic curve that varied with the level of diversity.Microbial diversity is crucial for maintaining the balance of ecological systems because microorganisms play key roles in nutrient cycling and other essential biogeochemical processes.Recent studies have shown that increased diversity may not always lead to improved ecosystem function.The current study indicated that function decreased with species richness in soil Ntransforming bacterial communities.Keystone taxa were positively correlated with species richness but negatively correlated with function.Community complexity decreased with increasing species richness.These findings suggest that both negative selection effects and biotic competition may simultaneously generate negative biodiversity-ecosystem functional relationships.展开更多
The living body is composed of innumerable fine and complex structures.Although these structures have been studied in the past,a vast amount of information pertaining to them still remains unknown.When attempting to o...The living body is composed of innumerable fine and complex structures.Although these structures have been studied in the past,a vast amount of information pertaining to them still remains unknown.When attempting to observe these ultra-structures,the use of electron microscopy(EM)has become indispensable.However,conventional EM settings are limited to a narrow tissue area,which can bias observations.Recently,new trends in EM research have emerged,enabling coverage of far broader,nano-scale fields of view for two-dimensional wide areas and three-dimensional large volumes.Moreover,cutting-edge bioimage informatics conducted via deep learning has accelerated the quantification of complex morphological bioimages.Taken together,these technological and analytical advances have led to the comprehensive acquisition and quantification of cellular morphology,which now arises as a new omics science termed‘morphomics’.展开更多
基金supported by the Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(Grant No.CAFYBB2019QB001)the National Key R&D Fund(Grant No.2023YFF130440302)the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31870099).
文摘A positive biodiversity-ecosystem functioning(BEF)relationship is frequently reported for biotic communities with low diversity levels.However,whether this is also true for highly diverse soil microbial communities remains unclear.The study explored the BEF relationships between species richness and nitrogen(N)-transforming capability of nirK-and nirS-nitrite reducers,nitrous oxide reducers,and nitrite oxidizer communities in soils from five different vegetation types.The results consistently indicated negative BEF patterns in these N-transforming microbes.The relative abundance of keystone taxa from co-occurrence networks increased substantially with species richness but was negatively correlated with functional performance.Network complexity decreased in communities with high species richness.These findings suggest that negative selection and biotic competition may simultaneously generate negative BEF patterns.A conceptual model was also proposed in which the BEF relationship followed a quadratic curve that varied with the level of diversity.Microbial diversity is crucial for maintaining the balance of ecological systems because microorganisms play key roles in nutrient cycling and other essential biogeochemical processes.Recent studies have shown that increased diversity may not always lead to improved ecosystem function.The current study indicated that function decreased with species richness in soil Ntransforming bacterial communities.Keystone taxa were positively correlated with species richness but negatively correlated with function.Community complexity decreased with increasing species richness.These findings suggest that both negative selection effects and biotic competition may simultaneously generate negative biodiversity-ecosystem functional relationships.
基金supported by RIKEN Engineering Network Project,RIKEN Aging Project,the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS KAKENHI,18K19766 and 15K16536)Prof.Osafune Memorial Scholarship from the Japanese Society of Microscopythe Strategic Core Technology Advancement Program(Supporting Industry Program,SAPOIN)funded by the Ministry of Economy,Trade and Industry in Japan.
文摘The living body is composed of innumerable fine and complex structures.Although these structures have been studied in the past,a vast amount of information pertaining to them still remains unknown.When attempting to observe these ultra-structures,the use of electron microscopy(EM)has become indispensable.However,conventional EM settings are limited to a narrow tissue area,which can bias observations.Recently,new trends in EM research have emerged,enabling coverage of far broader,nano-scale fields of view for two-dimensional wide areas and three-dimensional large volumes.Moreover,cutting-edge bioimage informatics conducted via deep learning has accelerated the quantification of complex morphological bioimages.Taken together,these technological and analytical advances have led to the comprehensive acquisition and quantification of cellular morphology,which now arises as a new omics science termed‘morphomics’.
