The implementation of the "business tax to VAT" policy has not only brought many opportunities but also raised higher requirements for the development process of relevant enterprises in our country. How to g...The implementation of the "business tax to VAT" policy has not only brought many opportunities but also raised higher requirements for the development process of relevant enterprises in our country. How to give full play to the role of management in the process of the full implementation of the business tax to VAT policy is an urgent problem to be solved by the staff in the enterprise. If the financial management of an enterprise wants to achieve good results, it needs to combine with the actual situation and adopt appropriate methods to improve the overall level, thus playing a certain role in promoting the development of the enterprise.展开更多
In the present study,special attention is paid to numerically investigate the aerodynamic performance of the NACA 0012 airfoil under rain and icing conditions with the aim to better understand the severe aerodynamic p...In the present study,special attention is paid to numerically investigate the aerodynamic performance of the NACA 0012 airfoil under rain and icing conditions with the aim to better understand the severe aerodynamic performance penalties of aircraft in flight.Furthermore,in order to control the flow separation and improve the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil under critical atmospheric conditions,the Gurney flap with different heights is attached to the trailing edge of the airfoil.The simulation is done at a Reynolds number of 3.1 × 105 under different atmospheric conditions including dry,rain,icing and coupling of rain and icing conditions.A two-way momentum coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian multiphase method is used to simulate the process of water film layer formed on the airfoil surface due to rainfall.According to the results,accumulation of water due to rainfall and ice accretion on the airfoil surface inevitably provides notable negative effects on the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil.It is concluded that icing induces a higher aerodynamic degradation than rain due to very intensive ice accretion.The Gurney flap as a passive flow control method with a favorable height for each condition is very beneficial.The maximum increment of the lift-to-drag ratio is achieved by Gurney Hap with a height of 0.01 of airfoil chord length for dry and rain conditions and 0.02 of airfoil chord length for icing and coupling of rain and icing conditions,respectively.展开更多
[Objectives] To identify ITS2 barcode of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants,and provide a new method for the identification of Lablab Semen Album. [Methods] The ITS2 sequence was amplified by PCR and sequenced bi-...[Objectives] To identify ITS2 barcode of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants,and provide a new method for the identification of Lablab Semen Album. [Methods] The ITS2 sequence was amplified by PCR and sequenced bi-directionally. After splicing by Codon Code Aligner,the data were processed with the aid MEGA software to construct the cluster dendrogram( neighbor-joining,NJ tree). [Results]The ITS2 sequence of Lablab Semen Album had length of 218 bp; the constructed cluster dendrogram indicated that all species were monophyletic and could be distinguished from other species. [Conclusions] The ITS2 barcode can be used for rapid identification of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants and this experiment further verified that DNA barcode technology is effective in identification of traditional Chinese medicines.展开更多
Affected by the pandemic coronavirus-19(COVID-19),significant changes have taken place in all aspects of social production and residents’lives,as well as in the energy supply and consumption characteristics of the po...Affected by the pandemic coronavirus-19(COVID-19),significant changes have taken place in all aspects of social production and residents’lives,as well as in the energy supply and consumption characteristics of the power system.COVID-19 has brought unpredictable uncertainties to the power grid.These changes and uncertainties pose a challenge to conventional electric load forecasting.Therefore,aiming to load forecasting under the background of the pandemic,this paper proposes a power load segmented forecasting method based on the pandemic stage division method,attention mechanism,and bi-directional long and short-term memory artificial neural network quantile regression model(ESD-ABiLSTMQR).According to the development degree of the pandemic,considering characteristics of different development stages of the pandemic,the pandemic is divided into four stages by using the analytic hierarchy process method(AHP):initial stage,outbreak stage,control stage,and recovery stage.A segmented load forecasting model based on LSTM and attention mechanism is established to forecast load in different time series.Cases used data from the pandemic in Wuhan,China,for verification.Results show the segmented forecasting method can analyze load characteristics of each stage and can effectively improve the accuracy of load forecasting.展开更多
Birds exhibit remarkable variations in body size,making them an ideal group for the study of adaptive evolution.However,the genetic mechanisms underlying body size evolution in avian species remain inadequately unders...Birds exhibit remarkable variations in body size,making them an ideal group for the study of adaptive evolution.However,the genetic mechanisms underlying body size evolution in avian species remain inadequately understood.This study investigates the evolutionary patterns of avian body size by analyzing 15 body-size-related genes,including GHSR,IGF2BP1,and IGFBP7 from the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor axis,EIF2AK3,GALNS,NCAPG,PLOD1,and PLAG1 associated with tall stature,and ACAN,OBSL1,and GRB10 associated with short stature,four genes previously reported in avian species:ATP11A,PLXDC2,TNS3,and TUBGCP3.The results indicate significant adaptive evolution of body size-related genes across different avian lineages.Notably,in the IGF2BP1 gene,a significant positive correlation was observed between the evolutionary rate and body size,suggesting that larger bird species exhibit higher evolutionary rates of the IGF2BP1 gene.Furthermore,the IGFBP7 and PLXDC2 genes demonstrated accelerated evolution in large-and medium-sized birds,respectively,indicating distinct evolutionary patterns for these genes among birds of different sizes.The branch-site model analysis identified numerous positively selected sites,primarily concentrated near functional domains,thereby reinforcing the critical role of these genes in body size evolution.Interestingly,extensive convergent evolution was detected in lineages with larger body sizes.This study elucidates the genetic basis of avian body size evolution for the first time,identifying adaptive evolutionary patterns of body size-related genes across birds of varying sizes and documenting patterns of convergent evolution.These findings provide essential genetic data and novel insights into the adaptive evolution of body size in birds.展开更多
Hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)has been regarded as a promising technique for turning wet biomass into hydrochar due to its low energy consumption,low exhaust gas emissions,etc.In addition,hydrochar is an important so...Hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)has been regarded as a promising technique for turning wet biomass into hydrochar due to its low energy consumption,low exhaust gas emissions,etc.In addition,hydrochar is an important source of dissolved organic matter(DOM),which plays a crucial part in the migration and destiny of pollutants in the environmental medium.However,there are limited studies that focus on the factors that influence the formation of DOM in hydrochar,such as hydrothermal temperature.Therefore,the current study comprehensively characterized the optical properties of DOM within hydrochar derived from sawdust(HDOM)under different hydrothermal temperatures(150-300℃)by Ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)and fluorescence spectroscopy,as well as its complexation characteristic with Cu(II).The findings revealed that the organic carbon content of HDOM reached a peak of 37.3 mg L^(−1)when the temperature rose to 240℃and then decreased as the temperature increased.UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis showed that the absorption capacity of HDOM at 275 nm increases with temperature and reaches a maximum value at 240℃,indicating that high temperature promotes the formation of monocyclic aromatic compounds.High temperature enhances the aromaticity,hydrophobicity,and humification degree of HDOM,thus improving its stability and aromaticity.The E3/E4 ratios are all greater than 3.5,confirming that the main component of HDOM is fulvic acid,which corresponds to 3D-EEM and Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis.The humification index(HIX)of HDOM increased with the rise in hydrothermal temperature(150-240℃),as observed by the three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy(3D-EEMs).After reaching its peak at 240℃,the HIX value gradually dropped in line with the trend of the DOC change.Moreover,the bioavailability(BIX)value of DOM was all high and greater than 1,indicating all the HDOM are readily bioavailable.Two microbial humic substances(C1 and C4),a humic-like substance(C2),and a protein-like substance(C3)were discovered in DOM by integrating 3D-EEMs with parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC).Their fluorescence intensity decreases as the Cu(II)concentration increases,indicating the formation of complexes with Cu(II).As the temperature rises,the binding ability of DOM and Cu(II)changes significantly,reaching the optimum at 300℃.Meanwhile,the substance C2 has the strongest binding ability with Cu(II).This research emphasizes the significance of spectroscopy analysis in determining the evolution of hydrochar-derived DOM,the potential for heavy metal binding and migration,and its characteristics and features.展开更多
文摘The implementation of the "business tax to VAT" policy has not only brought many opportunities but also raised higher requirements for the development process of relevant enterprises in our country. How to give full play to the role of management in the process of the full implementation of the business tax to VAT policy is an urgent problem to be solved by the staff in the enterprise. If the financial management of an enterprise wants to achieve good results, it needs to combine with the actual situation and adopt appropriate methods to improve the overall level, thus playing a certain role in promoting the development of the enterprise.
文摘In the present study,special attention is paid to numerically investigate the aerodynamic performance of the NACA 0012 airfoil under rain and icing conditions with the aim to better understand the severe aerodynamic performance penalties of aircraft in flight.Furthermore,in order to control the flow separation and improve the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil under critical atmospheric conditions,the Gurney flap with different heights is attached to the trailing edge of the airfoil.The simulation is done at a Reynolds number of 3.1 × 105 under different atmospheric conditions including dry,rain,icing and coupling of rain and icing conditions.A two-way momentum coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian multiphase method is used to simulate the process of water film layer formed on the airfoil surface due to rainfall.According to the results,accumulation of water due to rainfall and ice accretion on the airfoil surface inevitably provides notable negative effects on the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil.It is concluded that icing induces a higher aerodynamic degradation than rain due to very intensive ice accretion.The Gurney flap as a passive flow control method with a favorable height for each condition is very beneficial.The maximum increment of the lift-to-drag ratio is achieved by Gurney Hap with a height of 0.01 of airfoil chord length for dry and rain conditions and 0.02 of airfoil chord length for icing and coupling of rain and icing conditions,respectively.
基金Supported by Key Program for Sci-tech Plan of Hunan Province Science and Technology Department(2014SK2001)Sci-tech Project for Food and Drug Safety of Hunan Food and Drug Administration(Xiang Shi Yao Ke R201612)
文摘[Objectives] To identify ITS2 barcode of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants,and provide a new method for the identification of Lablab Semen Album. [Methods] The ITS2 sequence was amplified by PCR and sequenced bi-directionally. After splicing by Codon Code Aligner,the data were processed with the aid MEGA software to construct the cluster dendrogram( neighbor-joining,NJ tree). [Results]The ITS2 sequence of Lablab Semen Album had length of 218 bp; the constructed cluster dendrogram indicated that all species were monophyletic and could be distinguished from other species. [Conclusions] The ITS2 barcode can be used for rapid identification of Lablab Semen Album and its adulterants and this experiment further verified that DNA barcode technology is effective in identification of traditional Chinese medicines.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52407074)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation Youth Project,China(2308085QE177)Key Research Projects in Natural Sciences of Universities funded by the Department of Education in Anhui Province,China(2023AH050092).
文摘Affected by the pandemic coronavirus-19(COVID-19),significant changes have taken place in all aspects of social production and residents’lives,as well as in the energy supply and consumption characteristics of the power system.COVID-19 has brought unpredictable uncertainties to the power grid.These changes and uncertainties pose a challenge to conventional electric load forecasting.Therefore,aiming to load forecasting under the background of the pandemic,this paper proposes a power load segmented forecasting method based on the pandemic stage division method,attention mechanism,and bi-directional long and short-term memory artificial neural network quantile regression model(ESD-ABiLSTMQR).According to the development degree of the pandemic,considering characteristics of different development stages of the pandemic,the pandemic is divided into four stages by using the analytic hierarchy process method(AHP):initial stage,outbreak stage,control stage,and recovery stage.A segmented load forecasting model based on LSTM and attention mechanism is established to forecast load in different time series.Cases used data from the pandemic in Wuhan,China,for verification.Results show the segmented forecasting method can analyze load characteristics of each stage and can effectively improve the accuracy of load forecasting.
基金funded by grants from the Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects to Y.M.(No.202401AT070083)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)to Y.M.(No.32360119)+1 种基金the start-up projects on high-level talent introduction of Dali University to Y.M.(No.KY1916101940)the Erhai Watershed Ecological Environment Quality Testing Engineering Research Center of Yunnan provincial universities to W.-X.H.and Y.M.(No.DXDGCZX03).
文摘Birds exhibit remarkable variations in body size,making them an ideal group for the study of adaptive evolution.However,the genetic mechanisms underlying body size evolution in avian species remain inadequately understood.This study investigates the evolutionary patterns of avian body size by analyzing 15 body-size-related genes,including GHSR,IGF2BP1,and IGFBP7 from the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor axis,EIF2AK3,GALNS,NCAPG,PLOD1,and PLAG1 associated with tall stature,and ACAN,OBSL1,and GRB10 associated with short stature,four genes previously reported in avian species:ATP11A,PLXDC2,TNS3,and TUBGCP3.The results indicate significant adaptive evolution of body size-related genes across different avian lineages.Notably,in the IGF2BP1 gene,a significant positive correlation was observed between the evolutionary rate and body size,suggesting that larger bird species exhibit higher evolutionary rates of the IGF2BP1 gene.Furthermore,the IGFBP7 and PLXDC2 genes demonstrated accelerated evolution in large-and medium-sized birds,respectively,indicating distinct evolutionary patterns for these genes among birds of different sizes.The branch-site model analysis identified numerous positively selected sites,primarily concentrated near functional domains,thereby reinforcing the critical role of these genes in body size evolution.Interestingly,extensive convergent evolution was detected in lineages with larger body sizes.This study elucidates the genetic basis of avian body size evolution for the first time,identifying adaptive evolutionary patterns of body size-related genes across birds of varying sizes and documenting patterns of convergent evolution.These findings provide essential genetic data and novel insights into the adaptive evolution of body size in birds.
基金supported by the Outstanding Youth Research Project in Anhui Provincial Scientific Research Plan Project(2022AH020089)Anhui Province University Top Talent Funding Project(gxbjZD2021069)+1 种基金Excellent Scientific Research and Innovation Team of Universities in Anhui Province(2023AH010062)Commissioned R&D project(ZHEP2021001,BOFA202007).
文摘Hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)has been regarded as a promising technique for turning wet biomass into hydrochar due to its low energy consumption,low exhaust gas emissions,etc.In addition,hydrochar is an important source of dissolved organic matter(DOM),which plays a crucial part in the migration and destiny of pollutants in the environmental medium.However,there are limited studies that focus on the factors that influence the formation of DOM in hydrochar,such as hydrothermal temperature.Therefore,the current study comprehensively characterized the optical properties of DOM within hydrochar derived from sawdust(HDOM)under different hydrothermal temperatures(150-300℃)by Ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)and fluorescence spectroscopy,as well as its complexation characteristic with Cu(II).The findings revealed that the organic carbon content of HDOM reached a peak of 37.3 mg L^(−1)when the temperature rose to 240℃and then decreased as the temperature increased.UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis showed that the absorption capacity of HDOM at 275 nm increases with temperature and reaches a maximum value at 240℃,indicating that high temperature promotes the formation of monocyclic aromatic compounds.High temperature enhances the aromaticity,hydrophobicity,and humification degree of HDOM,thus improving its stability and aromaticity.The E3/E4 ratios are all greater than 3.5,confirming that the main component of HDOM is fulvic acid,which corresponds to 3D-EEM and Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis.The humification index(HIX)of HDOM increased with the rise in hydrothermal temperature(150-240℃),as observed by the three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy(3D-EEMs).After reaching its peak at 240℃,the HIX value gradually dropped in line with the trend of the DOC change.Moreover,the bioavailability(BIX)value of DOM was all high and greater than 1,indicating all the HDOM are readily bioavailable.Two microbial humic substances(C1 and C4),a humic-like substance(C2),and a protein-like substance(C3)were discovered in DOM by integrating 3D-EEMs with parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC).Their fluorescence intensity decreases as the Cu(II)concentration increases,indicating the formation of complexes with Cu(II).As the temperature rises,the binding ability of DOM and Cu(II)changes significantly,reaching the optimum at 300℃.Meanwhile,the substance C2 has the strongest binding ability with Cu(II).This research emphasizes the significance of spectroscopy analysis in determining the evolution of hydrochar-derived DOM,the potential for heavy metal binding and migration,and its characteristics and features.
