Head-splitting is a prevalent physiological disorder in cabbage that causes substantial economic losses.However,the genetic factors and molecular mechanisms underlying head-splitting resistance remain largely unexplor...Head-splitting is a prevalent physiological disorder in cabbage that causes substantial economic losses.However,the genetic factors and molecular mechanisms underlying head-splitting resistance remain largely unexplored.This study identified a genomic region(q NLQ3.1) for head-splitting resistance on chromosome C03 through the combination of QTLseq and GPS analysis in an F_(2) population derived from hybridizing two cabbage inbred lines,‘Dazhengfu'(ZF,susceptible) and ‘103'(resistant).Traditional genetic linkage analysis narrowed q NLQ3.1 to a 74.6 kb region.Furthermore,comparative analysis of the two parental lines using transcriptomic and metabolic profiling demonstrated the crucial role of hormones in regulating head-splitting resistance.Bol028000,encoding a homologue of Arabidopsis Cytokinin Response Factor 3(CRF3),emerged as a promising candidate for head-splitting resistance and was subsequently validated through Sanger sequencing and quantitative RT-PCR(qRT-PCR).Subcellular localisation analysis revealed that Bol028000 was mainly expressed in the nucleus.Additionally,one kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP) marker from Bol028000 was developed and utilized to screen 42 inbred lines.These findings enhance the theoretical understanding of head-splitting resistance and provide valuable insights for the molecular breeding of head-splitting resistant cabbages.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film on the growth and quality of lettuce under open-field cultivation conditions.[Methods]In this experiment...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film on the growth and quality of lettuce under open-field cultivation conditions.[Methods]In this experiment,compared with bare soil,a polyethylene plastic film(PE)treatment and two lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film treatments(LBF-0.01 and LBF-0.008)with different thicknesses were set to study the effects on the growth and quality of lettuce.[Results]During autumn cultivation in Shanghai,the thermal insulation performance and yield-increasing effect of the two degradable plastic films were consistent with those of PE film,and effectively met lettuce growth requirements,but treatment LBF-0.01was better than treatment LBF-0.008.Moreover,lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film could significantly increase the contents of Vc,soluble sugar and carotenoids in lettuce,and treatment LBF-0.008 showed the best effect.It could be seen that under the experimental conditions,the two kinds of lignin-based biodegradable plastic films with different thicknesses could be applied to the cultivation of lettuce in the open field in Shanghai in autumn,and LBF-0.01 had the best effect of increasing temperature and increasing yield,while LBF-0.008 had the best effect of improving quality.[Conclusions]This study provides theoretical basis and technical support for the further application of lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film.展开更多
Blue and red light are spectral wavelengths more effective for plants. The effects of different ratios of red and blue light （R/B=2, R/B=4, R/B=8, R/B=12） provided by LEDs on morphology and photosynthetic characteri...Blue and red light are spectral wavelengths more effective for plants. The effects of different ratios of red and blue light （R/B=2, R/B=4, R/B=8, R/B=12） provided by LEDs on morphology and photosynthetic characteristics of tomato seedlings were studied. The results showed that plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight, dry weight, seedling index and G value increased with the increase of R/B ratio until 8. On the contrary, SPDA value decreased with the increase of R/B ratio. Photosynthetic characteristics were measured by CO 2 assimilation （ Pn ）, stomatal conductance （ gs ） and intracellular CO 2 concentration （ Ci） . Pn and gs decreased with the increase of R/B ratio. Furthermore, similar trend was investigated in photochemical quenching （qP） and electron transport rate （ETR）. Results of this study suggest that compared with white LED, appropriate combination of red and blue light can enhance plant growth and photosynthetic characteristics, and the optimal blue/red ratio for tomato growth was R/B=8.展开更多
Chilling stress was one of the most sever abiotic stress to restrict cucumber plant growth.The effects of different concentrations of spermidine( 0.1,0.5,1 and 5 mM) on photosynthetic characteristics,antioxidant( cata...Chilling stress was one of the most sever abiotic stress to restrict cucumber plant growth.The effects of different concentrations of spermidine( 0.1,0.5,1 and 5 mM) on photosynthetic characteristics,antioxidant( catalase,ascorbate peroxidase,superoxide dismutase and peroxidase) enzyme activities,malondialdehyde( MDA) content,electrolyte leakage and H_2 O_2 content of cucumber seedlings under chilling stress were studied.The results showed that chilling stress reduced photosynthetic capacity and the value of the maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII( Fv/Fm),and increased electrolyte leakage and the content of MDA and H_2 O_2.Exogenous Spd application led to a tendency of photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities to first increase and then decrease with the concentration of exogenous Spd increasing.Furthermore,electrolyte leakage and the contents of MDA and H_2 O_2 significantly decreased in plants treated with Spd.Results of this study suggest that exogenous Spd can improve cucumber tolerance to chilling stress,and the optimal concentration of Spd to alleviate chilling stress in cucumber was 0.5 mM in the present study.展开更多
Plant factory, as the most advanced stage of the controlled environment, has drawn extensive concern in the world. In order to study high-yield vegetable varieties suitable for plant factory cultivation, we used fruit...Plant factory, as the most advanced stage of the controlled environment, has drawn extensive concern in the world. In order to study high-yield vegetable varieties suitable for plant factory cultivation, we used fruit cucumber as an experimental material to study their high-yield cultivation technique in plant factory, and to clarify their planting management, cultivation cycle, yield and annual output. In our experimental condition, the average yield of the cucumber was about 2 500 g and their annual total yield per square meter could reach to 70 kg.展开更多
This study focuses on the analysis of the effect of meteorological disasters on film plastic greenhouses by typhoons,heavy snow,strong wind,and heavy rain.The data of meteorological disasters from 1998 to 2015 were an...This study focuses on the analysis of the effect of meteorological disasters on film plastic greenhouses by typhoons,heavy snow,strong wind,and heavy rain.The data of meteorological disasters from 1998 to 2015 were analyzed on provincial basis to calculate the damage rate depending on the weather cause.The cumulative damage area is 20279 hm2.The damage rates of typhoons,heavy snow,strong wind,and heavy rain are 46.4%,47.4%,2.5%,and 3.8%,respectively.The damage index of the greenhouse,which is the ratio of the greenhouse area to the cumulative damage area,was proposed to estimate the disaster risk for 17 administrative districts.The damage index data and the cumulative damage areas were divided using the Jenks’Natural Breaks method.The average damage index is 0.66,and the damage indices are high in the metropolitan cities.展开更多
Crop models have been developed for wide research purposes and scales,but they have low compatibility due to the diversity of current modeling studies.Improving model adaptability can lead to model integration.Since d...Crop models have been developed for wide research purposes and scales,but they have low compatibility due to the diversity of current modeling studies.Improving model adaptability can lead to model integration.Since deep neural networks have no conventional modeling parameters,diverse input and output combinations are possible depending on model training.Despite these advantages,no process-based crop model has been tested in full deep neural network complexes.The objective of this study was to develop a process-based deep learning model for hydroponic sweet peppers.Attention mechanism and multitask learning were selected to process distinct growth factors from the environment sequence.The algorithms were modified to be suitable for the regression task of growth simulation.Cultivations were conducted twice a year for 2 years in greenhouses.The developed crop model,DeepCrop,recorded the highest modeling efficiency(=0.76)and the lowest normalized mean squared error(=0.18)compared to accessible crop models in the evaluation with unseen data.The t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding distribution and the attention weights supported that DeepCrop could be analyzed in terms of cognitive ability.With the high adaptability of DeepCrop,the developed model can replace the existing crop models as a versatile tool that would reveal entangled agricultural systems with analysis of complicated information.展开更多
基金funded by the Agricultural Development Program through Science and Technology of Shanghai,China (2022-02-08-00-12-F01099)the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFD1201501)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,China (22DX1900100)the Excellent Team Project of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China (2022(007))。
文摘Head-splitting is a prevalent physiological disorder in cabbage that causes substantial economic losses.However,the genetic factors and molecular mechanisms underlying head-splitting resistance remain largely unexplored.This study identified a genomic region(q NLQ3.1) for head-splitting resistance on chromosome C03 through the combination of QTLseq and GPS analysis in an F_(2) population derived from hybridizing two cabbage inbred lines,‘Dazhengfu'(ZF,susceptible) and ‘103'(resistant).Traditional genetic linkage analysis narrowed q NLQ3.1 to a 74.6 kb region.Furthermore,comparative analysis of the two parental lines using transcriptomic and metabolic profiling demonstrated the crucial role of hormones in regulating head-splitting resistance.Bol028000,encoding a homologue of Arabidopsis Cytokinin Response Factor 3(CRF3),emerged as a promising candidate for head-splitting resistance and was subsequently validated through Sanger sequencing and quantitative RT-PCR(qRT-PCR).Subcellular localisation analysis revealed that Bol028000 was mainly expressed in the nucleus.Additionally,one kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP) marker from Bol028000 was developed and utilized to screen 42 inbred lines.These findings enhance the theoretical understanding of head-splitting resistance and provide valuable insights for the molecular breeding of head-splitting resistant cabbages.
基金Supported by Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan,China(22N51900900).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film on the growth and quality of lettuce under open-field cultivation conditions.[Methods]In this experiment,compared with bare soil,a polyethylene plastic film(PE)treatment and two lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film treatments(LBF-0.01 and LBF-0.008)with different thicknesses were set to study the effects on the growth and quality of lettuce.[Results]During autumn cultivation in Shanghai,the thermal insulation performance and yield-increasing effect of the two degradable plastic films were consistent with those of PE film,and effectively met lettuce growth requirements,but treatment LBF-0.01was better than treatment LBF-0.008.Moreover,lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film could significantly increase the contents of Vc,soluble sugar and carotenoids in lettuce,and treatment LBF-0.008 showed the best effect.It could be seen that under the experimental conditions,the two kinds of lignin-based biodegradable plastic films with different thicknesses could be applied to the cultivation of lettuce in the open field in Shanghai in autumn,and LBF-0.01 had the best effect of increasing temperature and increasing yield,while LBF-0.008 had the best effect of improving quality.[Conclusions]This study provides theoretical basis and technical support for the further application of lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film.
基金Supported by Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Project,China(14DZ1206303)National Key Technology R&D Program(2014BAD05B05-05)Shanghai Agriculture Applied Technology Development Program,China(Grant No.20170201)
文摘Blue and red light are spectral wavelengths more effective for plants. The effects of different ratios of red and blue light （R/B=2, R/B=4, R/B=8, R/B=12） provided by LEDs on morphology and photosynthetic characteristics of tomato seedlings were studied. The results showed that plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight, dry weight, seedling index and G value increased with the increase of R/B ratio until 8. On the contrary, SPDA value decreased with the increase of R/B ratio. Photosynthetic characteristics were measured by CO 2 assimilation （ Pn ）, stomatal conductance （ gs ） and intracellular CO 2 concentration （ Ci） . Pn and gs decreased with the increase of R/B ratio. Furthermore, similar trend was investigated in photochemical quenching （qP） and electron transport rate （ETR）. Results of this study suggest that compared with white LED, appropriate combination of red and blue light can enhance plant growth and photosynthetic characteristics, and the optimal blue/red ratio for tomato growth was R/B=8.
基金Supported by Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Project,China(18ZR1433200)National Key Technology R&D Program(2014BAD05B05-05)Shanghai Agriculture Applied Technology Development Program,China(Grant No.20170201)
文摘Chilling stress was one of the most sever abiotic stress to restrict cucumber plant growth.The effects of different concentrations of spermidine( 0.1,0.5,1 and 5 mM) on photosynthetic characteristics,antioxidant( catalase,ascorbate peroxidase,superoxide dismutase and peroxidase) enzyme activities,malondialdehyde( MDA) content,electrolyte leakage and H_2 O_2 content of cucumber seedlings under chilling stress were studied.The results showed that chilling stress reduced photosynthetic capacity and the value of the maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII( Fv/Fm),and increased electrolyte leakage and the content of MDA and H_2 O_2.Exogenous Spd application led to a tendency of photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities to first increase and then decrease with the concentration of exogenous Spd increasing.Furthermore,electrolyte leakage and the contents of MDA and H_2 O_2 significantly decreased in plants treated with Spd.Results of this study suggest that exogenous Spd can improve cucumber tolerance to chilling stress,and the optimal concentration of Spd to alleviate chilling stress in cucumber was 0.5 mM in the present study.
基金Supported by Shanghai Agriculture Applied Technology Development Program,China (Grant No.20170201)Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Excellent Team (No.2022[022])。
文摘Plant factory, as the most advanced stage of the controlled environment, has drawn extensive concern in the world. In order to study high-yield vegetable varieties suitable for plant factory cultivation, we used fruit cucumber as an experimental material to study their high-yield cultivation technique in plant factory, and to clarify their planting management, cultivation cycle, yield and annual output. In our experimental condition, the average yield of the cucumber was about 2 500 g and their annual total yield per square meter could reach to 70 kg.
基金support of“Research Program for Agriculture Science&Technology Development(PJ011397)”Rural Development Administration,Republic of Korea.
文摘This study focuses on the analysis of the effect of meteorological disasters on film plastic greenhouses by typhoons,heavy snow,strong wind,and heavy rain.The data of meteorological disasters from 1998 to 2015 were analyzed on provincial basis to calculate the damage rate depending on the weather cause.The cumulative damage area is 20279 hm2.The damage rates of typhoons,heavy snow,strong wind,and heavy rain are 46.4%,47.4%,2.5%,and 3.8%,respectively.The damage index of the greenhouse,which is the ratio of the greenhouse area to the cumulative damage area,was proposed to estimate the disaster risk for 17 administrative districts.The damage index data and the cumulative damage areas were divided using the Jenks’Natural Breaks method.The average damage index is 0.66,and the damage indices are high in the metropolitan cities.
基金supported by the MSIT(Ministry of Science and ICT),Korea,under the Grand Information Technology Research Center support program(IITP-2022-2020-0-01489)supervised by the IITP(Institute for Information&Communications Technology Planning&Evaluation)supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food,Agriculture,Forestry and Fisheries(IPET)through Agriculture,Food and Rural Affairs Convergence Technologies Program for Educating Creative Global Leaderfunded by Ministry of Agriculture,Food and Rural Affairs(MAFRA)(717001-7).
文摘Crop models have been developed for wide research purposes and scales,but they have low compatibility due to the diversity of current modeling studies.Improving model adaptability can lead to model integration.Since deep neural networks have no conventional modeling parameters,diverse input and output combinations are possible depending on model training.Despite these advantages,no process-based crop model has been tested in full deep neural network complexes.The objective of this study was to develop a process-based deep learning model for hydroponic sweet peppers.Attention mechanism and multitask learning were selected to process distinct growth factors from the environment sequence.The algorithms were modified to be suitable for the regression task of growth simulation.Cultivations were conducted twice a year for 2 years in greenhouses.The developed crop model,DeepCrop,recorded the highest modeling efficiency(=0.76)and the lowest normalized mean squared error(=0.18)compared to accessible crop models in the evaluation with unseen data.The t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding distribution and the attention weights supported that DeepCrop could be analyzed in terms of cognitive ability.With the high adaptability of DeepCrop,the developed model can replace the existing crop models as a versatile tool that would reveal entangled agricultural systems with analysis of complicated information.
