During restorative dental procedures,complete control over the operative site is critical for patient comfort,safety,and the operator’s access and visibility.The success of a fixed prosthesis depends on accurate impr...During restorative dental procedures,complete control over the operative site is critical for patient comfort,safety,and the operator’s access and visibility.The success of a fixed prosthesis depends on accurate impression making of the prepared finish lines on the abutment teeth.To optimise long-term outcomes for the fixed restoration,gingival retraction techniques should be used to decrease the marginal discrepancy among the restoration and the prepared abutment.Accurate marginal positioning of the restoration along the prepared finish line of the abutment is essential for therapeutic,preventive,and aesthetic purposes.展开更多
Prosthodontics,deals in the restoration and replacement of missing and structurally compromised teeth,this field has been remarkably transformed in the last two decades.Through the integration of digital imaging and t...Prosthodontics,deals in the restoration and replacement of missing and structurally compromised teeth,this field has been remarkably transformed in the last two decades.Through the integration of digital imaging and threedimensional printing,prosthodontics has evolved to provide more durable,precise,and patient-centric outcome.However,as we stand at the convergence of technology and healthcare,a new era is emerging,one that holds immense promise for the field and that is artificial intelligence(AI).In this paper,we explored the fascinating challenges and prospects associated with the future of prosthodontics in the era of AI.展开更多
The concepts and progress of evidence-based dentistry were introduced in this critical review. An extensive PubMed search was conducted to provide sound evidences for some frequently encountered problems in prosthodon...The concepts and progress of evidence-based dentistry were introduced in this critical review. An extensive PubMed search was conducted to provide sound evidences for some frequently encountered problems in prosthodontic daily practice. Conlusively, it is important for prosthodontists to keep current by looking for efficient ways of interpreting high quality evidences to clinical practice.展开更多
During dental examinations and treatments,many dentists are using magni-fication to improve their vision.The dental operating microscope serves as the most effective tool for this purpose,enhancing the quality,longevi...During dental examinations and treatments,many dentists are using magni-fication to improve their vision.The dental operating microscope serves as the most effective tool for this purpose,enhancing the quality,longevity,and outcome of clinical work.This review will explore the latest research and data on the importance of magnification devices in dentistry,including diagnostic methods,treatment options and ergonomics in specialities such as restorative dentistry,endodontics,pedodontics,periodontics,and prosthodontics.This review aims to provide insights into the optimal magnification for different clinical situations,the specific benefits of dental operating microscopes for each dental branch,and their limitations.展开更多
Magnesium-based materials,including magnesium alloys,have emerged as a promising class of biodegradable materials with potential applications in cancer therapy due to their unique properties,including biocompatibility...Magnesium-based materials,including magnesium alloys,have emerged as a promising class of biodegradable materials with potential applications in cancer therapy due to their unique properties,including biocompatibility,biodegradability,and the ability to modulate the tumor microenvironment.The main degradation products of magnesium alloys are magnesium ions(Mg^(2+)),hydrogen(H_(2)),and magnesium hydroxide(Mg(OH)_(2)).Magnesium ions can regulate tumor growth and metastasis by mediating the inflammatory response and oxidative stress,maintaining genomic stability,and affecting the tumor microenvironment.Similarly,hydrogen can inhibit tumorigenesis through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.Moreover,Mg(OH)_(2) can alter the pH of the microenvironment,impacting tumorigenesis.Biodegradable magnesium alloys serve various functions in clinical applications,including,but not limited to,bonefixation,coronary stents,and drug carriers.Nonetheless,the anti-tumor mechanism associated with magnesium-based materials has not been thoroughly investigated.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of magnesium-based therapies for cancer.It highlights the mechanisms of action,identifies the challenges that must be addressed,and discusses prospects for oncological applications.展开更多
Blister wounds are featured with over-generated wound exudate and extensive skin peeling,call for breathable temporary skin with effective exudate management,and function as an extracellular matrix to accelerate regen...Blister wounds are featured with over-generated wound exudate and extensive skin peeling,call for breathable temporary skin with effective exudate management,and function as an extracellular matrix to accelerate regeneration of wound skin.Traditional extracellular matrix(ECM)mimicked nanofibrous 3D scaffold and corresponding hydrogel composites suffer from poor mechanical strength,and the wound exudate management behavior is seldom studied.Herein,we proposed the strategy to enhance the mechanical properties of a 3D nanofiber scaffold via constructing a long nanofiber(NF)and sodium alginate(SA)aerogel interpenetrated architecture(NF/SA).The as-prepared scaffold was then evaluated as temporary skin for a full-thickness defect wound.After absorption of blister fluid,the aerogel transferred into a hydrogel and imparted a wet wound care environment with a water-vapor transmission rate of(6001.90±522.04)g/(m^(2)·24 h),and Young s modulus of(2.97±0.38)MPa.The exudate was continuously refreshed by a directed and dynamic pump,followed by volatilization driven by Brownian motion.Meanwhile,the NF/SA scaffold exhibited decent compatibility with blister fluid.The basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)-loaded NF/SA improved the wound healing rate by 36.46%on Day 3 and 15.34%on Day 7 in the full-thickness defect wound model.展开更多
The success rate of apexification is primarily determined by multiple factors,including the material used,the size of the open apex compared to the length of the root,and the technique used in each case.The main objec...The success rate of apexification is primarily determined by multiple factors,including the material used,the size of the open apex compared to the length of the root,and the technique used in each case.The main objective of this review was to provide an update on the present management of open apex to identify factors and circumstances that may influence the success of apexification using different materials and techniques.Future research on apexification should focus on how to treat open apices with wide periapical lesions without surgery.Previously,the predictability of these parameters with non-surgical procedures was uncertain,but now,with the use of a dental operating microscope,it has become more predictable.Another reason could be that extra visits are no longer required due to major advances in the armamentarium and materials used for apexification.展开更多
Maxillary bone loss impairs essential functions (chewing, swallowing, speech) and gives patients a very unaesthetic appearance due to the removal of facial support tissues, leading to serious psychological consequence...Maxillary bone loss impairs essential functions (chewing, swallowing, speech) and gives patients a very unaesthetic appearance due to the removal of facial support tissues, leading to serious psychological consequences. Treatment is multidisciplinary and requires a resective surgery if the cause is tumor-related, or an additive surgery if the cause is traumatic. This article aims to show the role of making a prosthesis to restore function (chewing, swallowing, speech) and aesthetics following maxillary bone loss. We will eighter present a clinical case involving a right maxillary tumor that was surgically resected followed by radiotherapy, and subsequently rehabilitated with a maxillofacial prosthesis in the consultation and dental treatment center of the university hospital center of Casablanca.展开更多
BACKGROUND The primary issue in managing edentulous patients is the severely resorbed mandibular ridge,particularly in older individuals with diminished adaptive capacities.This compromised situation leads to the fabr...BACKGROUND The primary issue in managing edentulous patients is the severely resorbed mandibular ridge,particularly in older individuals with diminished adaptive capacities.This compromised situation leads to the fabrication of inadequate dentures that lack retention and stability,potentially causing psychosocial issues.AIM To determine the difference in retentive capacity between three attachment systems in implant-retained overdentures.METHODS Three edentulous mandibular models were fabricated using heat-cured polymethacrylate resin,with two implant replicas placed in the intra-foraminal region of each model.30 acrylic resin mandibular overdentures were fabricated with provisions for three different overdenture attachment systems:A prefabricated ball/O-ring attachment,a locator attachment system,and an equator attachment system.Each model was subjected to 15000 pulls using a universal testing machine to remove the overdenture from the acrylic model and the force data were recorded.RESULTS The ball/O-ring attachment system demonstrated superior retentive capacity for 15 years,while the locator and equator attachment systems maintained excellent retentive capacity for 5 years.CONCLUSION The ball/O-ring attachment system outperformed better than the other two attachment systems regarding retentive capacity.The locator and equator attachment systems presented sufficient retentive abilities until 15000 cycles.After 7500 cycles,significant differences in retentive force between the systems evolved.展开更多
Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration.With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing(CAD/CAM),tools such as intraoral scanning,facial scanning,3D...Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration.With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing(CAD/CAM),tools such as intraoral scanning,facial scanning,3D printing,and numerical control machining are reshaping the workflow of complete denture restoration.Unlike conventional methods that rely heavily on clinical experience and manual techniques,digital technologies offer greater precision,predictability,and efficacy.They also streamline the process by reducing the number of patient visits and improving overall comfort.Despite these improvements,the clinical application of digital complete denture restoration still faces challenges that require further standardization.The major issues include appropriate case selection,establishing consistent digital workflows,and evaluating long-term outcomes.To address these challenges and provide clinical guidance for practitioners,this expert consensus outlines the principles,advantages,and limitations of digital complete denture technology.The aim of this review was to offer practical recommendations on indications,clinical procedures and precautions,evaluation metrics,and outcome assessment to support digital restoration of complete denture in clinical practice.展开更多
Background: Bisphosphonates are compounds similar to inorganic pyrophosphates, with anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bone resorption, and antitumor effects. They are used to prevent bone metastases in cancer a...Background: Bisphosphonates are compounds similar to inorganic pyrophosphates, with anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bone resorption, and antitumor effects. They are used to prevent bone metastases in cancer and treat osteoporosis. However, a major side effect is osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), first reported in 2003, which is the exposure of necrotic bone in the mouth, often accompanied by infection. Prevention and treatment of ONJ remain challenging due to a lack of reliable epidemiological data on its incidence and risk factors. The aim of our work is to estimate the prevalence of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) and to analyze its correlations with different risk factors reported in the literature. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Oncology, Rheumatology and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the Mohamed VI University Hospital;Marrakech, based on complete medical records during the period 2017 to 2022, as well as consultations of patients under bisphosphonates in these departments during July and August 2022. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 16.0. Results: Of the 107 patients included in this study, 60.7% were women, and 56.1% were between 40 and 65 years old. 100% of the patients suffered from a general pathology. Regarding treatment with BP, 103 patients were treated with Zoledronate, 4 with Risedronate, and 5 with Ibandronate. 103 patients received this treatment intravenously, while 4 patients received it orally. Regarding Oral health, only 12.1% of patients reported a poor oral health. 99.1% of patients were informed of the need for oral preparation prior to BP treatment, but only 71.02% received dental treatment, mainly tooth extraction. None of the patients were diagnosed with BRONJ. Conclusions: While the global incidence of ONJ ranges from 0.8% to 12%, our finding is zero. Most previous studies are retrospective with limited patient numbers like our study. To accurately assess the prevalence of ONJ, further prospective epidemiological studies with standardized protocols and thorough follow-up over several years are essential.展开更多
Tumor cell-intrinsic programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)signals mediate tumor initiation,progression and metastasis,but their effects in ameloblastoma(AM)have not been reported.In this comprehensive study,we observed mar...Tumor cell-intrinsic programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)signals mediate tumor initiation,progression and metastasis,but their effects in ameloblastoma(AM)have not been reported.In this comprehensive study,we observed marked upregulation of PD-L1 in AM tissues and revealed the robust correlation between elevated PD-L1 expression and increased tumor growth and recurrence rates.Notably,we found that PD-L1 overexpression markedly increased self-renewal capacity and promoted tumorigenic processes and invasion in hTERT^(+)-AM cells,whereas genetic ablation of PD-L1 exerted opposing inhibitory effects.By performing highresolution single-cell profiling and thorough immunohistochemical analyses in AM patients,we delineated the intricate cellular landscape and elucidated the mechanisms underlying the aggressive phenotype and unfavorable prognosis of these tumors.Our findings revealed that hTERT^(+)-AM cells with upregulated PD-L1 expression exhibit increased proliferative potential and stem-like attributes and undergo partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition.This phenotypic shift is induced by the activation of the PI3KAKT-mTOR signaling axis;thus,this study revealed a crucial regulatory mechanism that fuels tumor growth and recurrence.Importantly,targeted inhibition of the PD-L1-PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling axis significantly suppressed the growth of AM patientderived tumor organoids,highlighting the potential of PD-L1 blockade as a promising therapeutic approach for AM.展开更多
BACKGROUND Advanced materials and techniques are used to successfully manage the apexification of immature teeth with open apices.The use of mineral trioxide aggregate(MTA),bioceramic sealers,and sodium hypochlorite(N...BACKGROUND Advanced materials and techniques are used to successfully manage the apexification of immature teeth with open apices.The use of mineral trioxide aggregate(MTA),bioceramic sealers,and sodium hypochlorite(NaOCl),combined with internal heating and ultrasonic activation,ensures that canals are cleaned,disinfected,and sealed properly.Magnification devices,such as dental operating microscopes(DOM),provide precise visualization for accurate material placement,while the micro apical placement system ensures void-free MTA delivery.This modern approach improves procedural outcomes,lowers iatrogenic errors,and increases long-term success in apexification,making it a dependable and predictable treatment option for immature teeth.CASE SUMMARY Apexification is a regenerative endodontic procedure that involves creating a calcified barrier at the apex of a nonvital tooth with an open apex.This technique is commonly used in immature teeth with necrotic pulps to ensure proper root canal sealing.Traditionally,calcium hydroxide was the preferred material,but advances have introduced bioceramic cements like MTA or Biodentine,which provide superior results with less treatment time.Apexification not only helps to maintain the tooth's structural integrity but also prevents further complications,making it an important procedure in such cases.CONCLUSION This case demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating advanced materials,precise irrigation protocols,and magnification tools in the apexification of immature teeth with open apices.The use of MTA created a stable apical barrier,while bioceramic sealers enhanced the seal and promoted long-term healing.NaOCl with internal heating,ultrasonic activation,and double-sided vented needles ensured thorough irrigation and disinfection,especially in complex canal anatomy.展开更多
Purpose: In super-aging societies, prosthodontists will have a growing role and will need to improve their nutrition knowledge. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a workshop-based model for increasing d...Purpose: In super-aging societies, prosthodontists will have a growing role and will need to improve their nutrition knowledge. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a workshop-based model for increasing dysphagia diet awareness among prosthodontists working with head and neck cancer patients. Methods: The study had a post-intervention design and included 10 maxillofacial prosthetic educators from eight countries who participated in a 120-minute workshop focused on theoretical and practical training in nutrition support for patients with dysphagia. Sessions were held in a specialized restaurant in Tokyo and included lectures, observation of Japanese cooking techniques, hands-on preparation of dysphagia-friendly foods, and cross-cultural comparisons. Knowledge, confidence, and practical application were assessed using a post-workshop questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to evaluate outcomes. Results: Seven of the 10 prosthodontists completed the post-intervention questionnaire. All respondents reported overall satisfaction with the workshop. Session content was regarded as easy to understand by 57.14%, appropriate by 28.57%, and easy by 14.29%. Most respondents (85.71%) were “very satisfied” with the instructors’ explanations, and 100% were “very satisfied” with the workshop’s length and structure;71.42% felt they could apply the knowledge in clinical practice, while 28.58% anticipated challenges. The respondents appreciated the workshop’s focus on dysphagia, particularly in elderly patients, and valued the insights into Japanese dysphagia diets and culture. Conclusions: Workshops on nutrition provide an interactive platform for prosthodontists to enhance their knowledge and improve comprehensive patient care, highlighting the importance for prosthodontists to stay updated on developments in nutrition, particularly in dysphagia.展开更多
BACKGROUND The management of immature permanent teeth with open apices in pediatric patients presents unique challenges,particularly in cases of nonvital pulp.Modern advancements in materials and techniques have signi...BACKGROUND The management of immature permanent teeth with open apices in pediatric patients presents unique challenges,particularly in cases of nonvital pulp.Modern advancements in materials and techniques have significantly improved the predictability and success of apexification procedures.In this case,a 16-yearold patient presented with an immature necrotic tooth requiring apexification.Contemporary approaches incorporate calcium silicate-based materials such as mineral trioxide aggregate(MTA),Biodentine,and bioceramic putty,along with bioceramic sealers and enhanced canal cleaning including internal heating and ultrasonic activation with sodium hypochlorite(NaOCl)for disinfection,and sealing.Additionally,magnification tools such as dental operating microscopes ensure precise visualization for accurate material placement,while a micro-apical placement(MAP)system guarantees void-free MTA delivery.These advancements improve procedural outcomes and minimize the risk of iatrogenic errors,making apexification a more predictable and reliable treatment option in pediatric patients with immature teeth.CASE SUMMARY A 16-year-old patient presented with a nonvital maxillary central incisor with an open apex,secondary to trauma.Due to the lack of apical closure,traditional root canal obturation was not feasible.Apexification was chosen as the treatment modality to induce the formation of a calcified apical barrier,allowing for proper root canal sealing.Historically,calcium hydroxide was the material of choice for apexification,requiring multiple visits and prolonged treatment duration.However,the introduction of bioceramic materials such as MTA has revolutionized the procedure,offering superior outcomes with reduced treatment time.In this case,the apexification procedure involved thorough canal disinfection using NaOCl,enhanced by internal heating,ultrasonic activation,and double-sided vented needle irrigation.Under the dental operating microscope,MTA was precisely placed at the apex using a MAP system,ensuring a dense,void-free apical barrier.The remaining canal space was subsequently sealed with a bioceramic sealer to promote long-term stability and healing.CONCLUSION This case highlights the effectiveness of a modern approach for apexification in a pediatric patient.The use of advanced materials and techniques facilitated the formation of a stable apical barrier,ensuring long-term tooth retention and function.By incorporating precise irrigation protocols,internal heating,ultrasonic activation,and magnification tools,the treatment achieved thorough disinfection and optimal material placement.These advancements make apexification a predictable and reliable treatment option for young patients with immature necrotic teeth,preserving their natural dentition and preventing future complications.展开更多
Given its excellent biological properties and the matching of its elastic modulus with that of human bone tissue,medical polyetheretherketone(PEEK)is considered a desirable candidate for bone-implant materials.However...Given its excellent biological properties and the matching of its elastic modulus with that of human bone tissue,medical polyetheretherketone(PEEK)is considered a desirable candidate for bone-implant materials.However,its poor osseointegrative and antibacterial properties greatly limit its clinical application.To address these concerns,a functional PEEK implant is needed.Herein,a novel photo-responsive multifunctional PEEK-based implant material(sPEEK/BP/E7)with both effective osteogenesis and good disinfection properties was constructed via the self-assembly of black phosphorus(BP)nanosheets,mussel-inspired polydopamine(PDA),and bioactive short peptide E7 on sulfonated PEEK(sPEEK).The versatile micro-/nano-structured PEEK surface provides superior hydrophilicity,a favorable osteogenic microenvironment,and excellent photothermal effects under near-infrared(NIR)irradiation.The in vitro results showed that sPEEK/BP/E7 displays enhanced cytocompatibility and osteogenicity in terms of cell adhesion,proliferation,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity,matrix mineralization,and osteogenesis-related gene expression,superior to those of the sPEEK and sPEEK/BP samples.In addition to osteogenesis,the multifunctional coating exhibited strong antibacterial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)and Escherichia coli(E.coli).Furthermore,it was confirmed in a rat femoral infection model that sPEEK/BP/E7 effectively resisted infection caused by S.aureus under NIR light irradiation and promoted osseointegration in vivo.Thus,this work presents a facile strategy to realize improvement of the“functional integration”of new polymer bone–implant materials and provide new ideas for their clinical application.展开更多
The mandibular condyle is a critical growth center in craniofacial bone development,especially during postnatal stages.Postnatal condyle osteogenesis requires precise spatiotemporal coordination of growth factor signa...The mandibular condyle is a critical growth center in craniofacial bone development,especially during postnatal stages.Postnatal condyle osteogenesis requires precise spatiotemporal coordination of growth factor signaling cascades and hierarchical gene regulatory networks.Plagl1,which encodes a zinc finger transcription factor,is a paternally expressed gene.We demonstrate that PLAGL1 is highly expressed in cranial neural crest cell(CNCC)-derived lineage cells in mouse condyles.Using the CNCC-derived lineage-specific Plagl1 knockout mouse model,we evaluate the function of PLAGL1 during postnatal mouse condyle development.Our findings show that PLAGL1 contributes significantly to osteoblast differentiation,and its deficiency impairs osteogenic lineage differentiation,which consequently disrupts mandibular condyle development.Mechanistically,insulin-like growth factor 2(IGF2)in complex with IGF-binding proteins(IGFBPs)has been identified as the principal PLAGL1 effector responsible for osteogenic regulation during postnatal condyle morphogenesis.Plagl1 deficiency significantly downregulates the IGF2/IGFBP pathway,leading to disordered glucose metabolism,defective extracellular matrix organization,and impaired ossification.Exogenous IGF2 treatment rescues impaired osteoblast differentiation caused by Plagl1 deficiency.In conclusion,the PLAGL1-IGF2 axis is a critical regulator of osteogenesis during mandibular condyle development.展开更多
Hypoxemia is a common pathological state characterized by low oxygen saturation in the blood.This condition compromises mucosal barrier integrity particularly in the gut and oral cavity.However,the mechanisms underlyi...Hypoxemia is a common pathological state characterized by low oxygen saturation in the blood.This condition compromises mucosal barrier integrity particularly in the gut and oral cavity.However,the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear.This study used periodontitis as a model to investigate the role of platelet activation in oral mucosal immunopathology under hypoxic conditions.Hypoxia upregulated methyltransferase-like protein 4(METTL4)expression in platelets,resulting in N6-methyladenine modification of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA).This modification impaired mitochondrial transcriptional factor A-dependent cytosolic mtDNA degradation,leading to cytosolic mtDNA accumulation.Excess cytosolic mt-DNA aberrantly activated the cGAS-STING pathway in platelets.This resulted in excessive platelet activation and neutrophil extracellular trap formation that ultimately exacerbated periodontitis.Targeting platelet METTL4 and its downstream pathways offers a potential strategy for managing oral mucosa immunopathology.Further research is needed to examine its broader implications for mucosal inflammation under hypoxic conditions.展开更多
Guided bone regeneration(GBR)membranes are extensively utilized in dental implantation.However,the existing GBR membranes showed insufficient space-maintaining capability and poor bone promoting ability,affecting the ...Guided bone regeneration(GBR)membranes are extensively utilized in dental implantation.However,the existing GBR membranes showed insufficient space-maintaining capability and poor bone promoting ability,affecting the effectiveness of clinical bone augmentation,which in turn resulted in poor implant outcomes and even failure.In this study,we designed a novel magnesium reinforced sandwich structured composite membrane,consisting of an inner magnesium scaffold and a PLGA/collagen hybrid(mixture of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)and collagen)top and bottom layer.The magnesium scaffold provided mechanical support and released Mg^(2+)to enhance osteogenesis.The PLGA/collagen hybrid regulated membrane degradation and improved biocompatibility,promoting cell adhesion and proliferation(P<0.05).The PLGA/collagen hybrid regulated the release of magnesium ions,such that the MgP10C(mass ratios of PLGA and collagen=100:10)group showed the best in vitro osteogenic effect.Further mechanism exploration confirmed that MgP10C membranes significantly enhanced bone defect repair via the MAPK/ERK 1/2 pathway by the Mg^(2+)released from the composite membranes.In rat calvarial defect and rabbit alveolar defect model(P<0.05),the in vivo osteogenic effect of the MgP10C group was superior to that of other groups.Finite element analysis models validated the support effect of composite membranes,demonstrating lower stress and a significant reduction in strain on the bone graft in the MgP10C group.In conclusion,the magnesium-reinforced sandwich structure composite membrane,with its spacemaintaining properties and osteoinductive activity,represents a new strategy for GBR and enhancing osteogenic potential that meets directly clinical needs.展开更多
Peri-implantitis is a bacterial infection that causes soft tissue inflammatory lesions and alveolar bone resorption,ultimately resulting in implant failure.Dental implants for clinical use barely have antibacterial pr...Peri-implantitis is a bacterial infection that causes soft tissue inflammatory lesions and alveolar bone resorption,ultimately resulting in implant failure.Dental implants for clinical use barely have antibacterial properties,and bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on the dental implants are major causes of peri-implantitis.Treatment strategies such as mechanical debridement and antibiotic therapy have been used to remove dental plaque.However,it is particularly important to prevent the occurrence of peri-implantitis rather than treatment.Therefore,the current research spot has focused on improving the antibacterial properties of dental implants,such as the construction of specific micro-nano surface texture,the introduction of diverse functional coatings,or the application of materials with intrinsic antibacterial properties.The aforementioned antibacterial surfaces can be incorporated with bioactive molecules,metallic nanoparticles,or other functional components to further enhance the osteogenic properties and accelerate the healing process.In this review,we summarize the recent developments in biomaterial science and the modification strategies applied to dental implants to inhibit biofilm formation and facilitate bone-implant integration.Furthermore,we summarized the obstacles existing in the process of laboratory research to reach the clinic products,and propose corresponding directions for future developments and research perspectives,so that to provide insights into the rational design and construction of dental implants with the aim to balance antibacterial efficacy,biological safety,and osteogenic property.展开更多
文摘During restorative dental procedures,complete control over the operative site is critical for patient comfort,safety,and the operator’s access and visibility.The success of a fixed prosthesis depends on accurate impression making of the prepared finish lines on the abutment teeth.To optimise long-term outcomes for the fixed restoration,gingival retraction techniques should be used to decrease the marginal discrepancy among the restoration and the prepared abutment.Accurate marginal positioning of the restoration along the prepared finish line of the abutment is essential for therapeutic,preventive,and aesthetic purposes.
文摘Prosthodontics,deals in the restoration and replacement of missing and structurally compromised teeth,this field has been remarkably transformed in the last two decades.Through the integration of digital imaging and threedimensional printing,prosthodontics has evolved to provide more durable,precise,and patient-centric outcome.However,as we stand at the convergence of technology and healthcare,a new era is emerging,one that holds immense promise for the field and that is artificial intelligence(AI).In this paper,we explored the fascinating challenges and prospects associated with the future of prosthodontics in the era of AI.
文摘The concepts and progress of evidence-based dentistry were introduced in this critical review. An extensive PubMed search was conducted to provide sound evidences for some frequently encountered problems in prosthodontic daily practice. Conlusively, it is important for prosthodontists to keep current by looking for efficient ways of interpreting high quality evidences to clinical practice.
文摘During dental examinations and treatments,many dentists are using magni-fication to improve their vision.The dental operating microscope serves as the most effective tool for this purpose,enhancing the quality,longevity,and outcome of clinical work.This review will explore the latest research and data on the importance of magnification devices in dentistry,including diagnostic methods,treatment options and ergonomics in specialities such as restorative dentistry,endodontics,pedodontics,periodontics,and prosthodontics.This review aims to provide insights into the optimal magnification for different clinical situations,the specific benefits of dental operating microscopes for each dental branch,and their limitations.
文摘Magnesium-based materials,including magnesium alloys,have emerged as a promising class of biodegradable materials with potential applications in cancer therapy due to their unique properties,including biocompatibility,biodegradability,and the ability to modulate the tumor microenvironment.The main degradation products of magnesium alloys are magnesium ions(Mg^(2+)),hydrogen(H_(2)),and magnesium hydroxide(Mg(OH)_(2)).Magnesium ions can regulate tumor growth and metastasis by mediating the inflammatory response and oxidative stress,maintaining genomic stability,and affecting the tumor microenvironment.Similarly,hydrogen can inhibit tumorigenesis through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.Moreover,Mg(OH)_(2) can alter the pH of the microenvironment,impacting tumorigenesis.Biodegradable magnesium alloys serve various functions in clinical applications,including,but not limited to,bonefixation,coronary stents,and drug carriers.Nonetheless,the anti-tumor mechanism associated with magnesium-based materials has not been thoroughly investigated.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of magnesium-based therapies for cancer.It highlights the mechanisms of action,identifies the challenges that must be addressed,and discusses prospects for oncological applications.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(General Program,22ZR1409500)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(23M742317,GZB240446)+3 种基金Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(22S31905500)Medical Engineering Fund of Fudan University(yg2021-032)Fundamental Research Project of CNTAC(J202104)Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(BP0719035)。
文摘Blister wounds are featured with over-generated wound exudate and extensive skin peeling,call for breathable temporary skin with effective exudate management,and function as an extracellular matrix to accelerate regeneration of wound skin.Traditional extracellular matrix(ECM)mimicked nanofibrous 3D scaffold and corresponding hydrogel composites suffer from poor mechanical strength,and the wound exudate management behavior is seldom studied.Herein,we proposed the strategy to enhance the mechanical properties of a 3D nanofiber scaffold via constructing a long nanofiber(NF)and sodium alginate(SA)aerogel interpenetrated architecture(NF/SA).The as-prepared scaffold was then evaluated as temporary skin for a full-thickness defect wound.After absorption of blister fluid,the aerogel transferred into a hydrogel and imparted a wet wound care environment with a water-vapor transmission rate of(6001.90±522.04)g/(m^(2)·24 h),and Young s modulus of(2.97±0.38)MPa.The exudate was continuously refreshed by a directed and dynamic pump,followed by volatilization driven by Brownian motion.Meanwhile,the NF/SA scaffold exhibited decent compatibility with blister fluid.The basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)-loaded NF/SA improved the wound healing rate by 36.46%on Day 3 and 15.34%on Day 7 in the full-thickness defect wound model.
文摘The success rate of apexification is primarily determined by multiple factors,including the material used,the size of the open apex compared to the length of the root,and the technique used in each case.The main objective of this review was to provide an update on the present management of open apex to identify factors and circumstances that may influence the success of apexification using different materials and techniques.Future research on apexification should focus on how to treat open apices with wide periapical lesions without surgery.Previously,the predictability of these parameters with non-surgical procedures was uncertain,but now,with the use of a dental operating microscope,it has become more predictable.Another reason could be that extra visits are no longer required due to major advances in the armamentarium and materials used for apexification.
文摘Maxillary bone loss impairs essential functions (chewing, swallowing, speech) and gives patients a very unaesthetic appearance due to the removal of facial support tissues, leading to serious psychological consequences. Treatment is multidisciplinary and requires a resective surgery if the cause is tumor-related, or an additive surgery if the cause is traumatic. This article aims to show the role of making a prosthesis to restore function (chewing, swallowing, speech) and aesthetics following maxillary bone loss. We will eighter present a clinical case involving a right maxillary tumor that was surgically resected followed by radiotherapy, and subsequently rehabilitated with a maxillofacial prosthesis in the consultation and dental treatment center of the university hospital center of Casablanca.
文摘BACKGROUND The primary issue in managing edentulous patients is the severely resorbed mandibular ridge,particularly in older individuals with diminished adaptive capacities.This compromised situation leads to the fabrication of inadequate dentures that lack retention and stability,potentially causing psychosocial issues.AIM To determine the difference in retentive capacity between three attachment systems in implant-retained overdentures.METHODS Three edentulous mandibular models were fabricated using heat-cured polymethacrylate resin,with two implant replicas placed in the intra-foraminal region of each model.30 acrylic resin mandibular overdentures were fabricated with provisions for three different overdenture attachment systems:A prefabricated ball/O-ring attachment,a locator attachment system,and an equator attachment system.Each model was subjected to 15000 pulls using a universal testing machine to remove the overdenture from the acrylic model and the force data were recorded.RESULTS The ball/O-ring attachment system demonstrated superior retentive capacity for 15 years,while the locator and equator attachment systems maintained excellent retentive capacity for 5 years.CONCLUSION The ball/O-ring attachment system outperformed better than the other two attachment systems regarding retentive capacity.The locator and equator attachment systems presented sufficient retentive abilities until 15000 cycles.After 7500 cycles,significant differences in retentive force between the systems evolved.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82325012)General project of State Key Laboratory of Oral&Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration(2024MS05).
文摘Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration.With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing(CAD/CAM),tools such as intraoral scanning,facial scanning,3D printing,and numerical control machining are reshaping the workflow of complete denture restoration.Unlike conventional methods that rely heavily on clinical experience and manual techniques,digital technologies offer greater precision,predictability,and efficacy.They also streamline the process by reducing the number of patient visits and improving overall comfort.Despite these improvements,the clinical application of digital complete denture restoration still faces challenges that require further standardization.The major issues include appropriate case selection,establishing consistent digital workflows,and evaluating long-term outcomes.To address these challenges and provide clinical guidance for practitioners,this expert consensus outlines the principles,advantages,and limitations of digital complete denture technology.The aim of this review was to offer practical recommendations on indications,clinical procedures and precautions,evaluation metrics,and outcome assessment to support digital restoration of complete denture in clinical practice.
文摘Background: Bisphosphonates are compounds similar to inorganic pyrophosphates, with anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bone resorption, and antitumor effects. They are used to prevent bone metastases in cancer and treat osteoporosis. However, a major side effect is osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), first reported in 2003, which is the exposure of necrotic bone in the mouth, often accompanied by infection. Prevention and treatment of ONJ remain challenging due to a lack of reliable epidemiological data on its incidence and risk factors. The aim of our work is to estimate the prevalence of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) and to analyze its correlations with different risk factors reported in the literature. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Oncology, Rheumatology and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the Mohamed VI University Hospital;Marrakech, based on complete medical records during the period 2017 to 2022, as well as consultations of patients under bisphosphonates in these departments during July and August 2022. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 16.0. Results: Of the 107 patients included in this study, 60.7% were women, and 56.1% were between 40 and 65 years old. 100% of the patients suffered from a general pathology. Regarding treatment with BP, 103 patients were treated with Zoledronate, 4 with Risedronate, and 5 with Ibandronate. 103 patients received this treatment intravenously, while 4 patients received it orally. Regarding Oral health, only 12.1% of patients reported a poor oral health. 99.1% of patients were informed of the need for oral preparation prior to BP treatment, but only 71.02% received dental treatment, mainly tooth extraction. None of the patients were diagnosed with BRONJ. Conclusions: While the global incidence of ONJ ranges from 0.8% to 12%, our finding is zero. Most previous studies are retrospective with limited patient numbers like our study. To accurately assess the prevalence of ONJ, further prospective epidemiological studies with standardized protocols and thorough follow-up over several years are essential.
基金supported by the postdoctoral fellowship program of CPSF(GZC20241270)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M762496).
文摘Tumor cell-intrinsic programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)signals mediate tumor initiation,progression and metastasis,but their effects in ameloblastoma(AM)have not been reported.In this comprehensive study,we observed marked upregulation of PD-L1 in AM tissues and revealed the robust correlation between elevated PD-L1 expression and increased tumor growth and recurrence rates.Notably,we found that PD-L1 overexpression markedly increased self-renewal capacity and promoted tumorigenic processes and invasion in hTERT^(+)-AM cells,whereas genetic ablation of PD-L1 exerted opposing inhibitory effects.By performing highresolution single-cell profiling and thorough immunohistochemical analyses in AM patients,we delineated the intricate cellular landscape and elucidated the mechanisms underlying the aggressive phenotype and unfavorable prognosis of these tumors.Our findings revealed that hTERT^(+)-AM cells with upregulated PD-L1 expression exhibit increased proliferative potential and stem-like attributes and undergo partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition.This phenotypic shift is induced by the activation of the PI3KAKT-mTOR signaling axis;thus,this study revealed a crucial regulatory mechanism that fuels tumor growth and recurrence.Importantly,targeted inhibition of the PD-L1-PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling axis significantly suppressed the growth of AM patientderived tumor organoids,highlighting the potential of PD-L1 blockade as a promising therapeutic approach for AM.
文摘BACKGROUND Advanced materials and techniques are used to successfully manage the apexification of immature teeth with open apices.The use of mineral trioxide aggregate(MTA),bioceramic sealers,and sodium hypochlorite(NaOCl),combined with internal heating and ultrasonic activation,ensures that canals are cleaned,disinfected,and sealed properly.Magnification devices,such as dental operating microscopes(DOM),provide precise visualization for accurate material placement,while the micro apical placement system ensures void-free MTA delivery.This modern approach improves procedural outcomes,lowers iatrogenic errors,and increases long-term success in apexification,making it a dependable and predictable treatment option for immature teeth.CASE SUMMARY Apexification is a regenerative endodontic procedure that involves creating a calcified barrier at the apex of a nonvital tooth with an open apex.This technique is commonly used in immature teeth with necrotic pulps to ensure proper root canal sealing.Traditionally,calcium hydroxide was the preferred material,but advances have introduced bioceramic cements like MTA or Biodentine,which provide superior results with less treatment time.Apexification not only helps to maintain the tooth's structural integrity but also prevents further complications,making it an important procedure in such cases.CONCLUSION This case demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating advanced materials,precise irrigation protocols,and magnification tools in the apexification of immature teeth with open apices.The use of MTA created a stable apical barrier,while bioceramic sealers enhanced the seal and promoted long-term healing.NaOCl with internal heating,ultrasonic activation,and double-sided vented needles ensured thorough irrigation and disinfection,especially in complex canal anatomy.
文摘Purpose: In super-aging societies, prosthodontists will have a growing role and will need to improve their nutrition knowledge. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a workshop-based model for increasing dysphagia diet awareness among prosthodontists working with head and neck cancer patients. Methods: The study had a post-intervention design and included 10 maxillofacial prosthetic educators from eight countries who participated in a 120-minute workshop focused on theoretical and practical training in nutrition support for patients with dysphagia. Sessions were held in a specialized restaurant in Tokyo and included lectures, observation of Japanese cooking techniques, hands-on preparation of dysphagia-friendly foods, and cross-cultural comparisons. Knowledge, confidence, and practical application were assessed using a post-workshop questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to evaluate outcomes. Results: Seven of the 10 prosthodontists completed the post-intervention questionnaire. All respondents reported overall satisfaction with the workshop. Session content was regarded as easy to understand by 57.14%, appropriate by 28.57%, and easy by 14.29%. Most respondents (85.71%) were “very satisfied” with the instructors’ explanations, and 100% were “very satisfied” with the workshop’s length and structure;71.42% felt they could apply the knowledge in clinical practice, while 28.58% anticipated challenges. The respondents appreciated the workshop’s focus on dysphagia, particularly in elderly patients, and valued the insights into Japanese dysphagia diets and culture. Conclusions: Workshops on nutrition provide an interactive platform for prosthodontists to enhance their knowledge and improve comprehensive patient care, highlighting the importance for prosthodontists to stay updated on developments in nutrition, particularly in dysphagia.
文摘BACKGROUND The management of immature permanent teeth with open apices in pediatric patients presents unique challenges,particularly in cases of nonvital pulp.Modern advancements in materials and techniques have significantly improved the predictability and success of apexification procedures.In this case,a 16-yearold patient presented with an immature necrotic tooth requiring apexification.Contemporary approaches incorporate calcium silicate-based materials such as mineral trioxide aggregate(MTA),Biodentine,and bioceramic putty,along with bioceramic sealers and enhanced canal cleaning including internal heating and ultrasonic activation with sodium hypochlorite(NaOCl)for disinfection,and sealing.Additionally,magnification tools such as dental operating microscopes ensure precise visualization for accurate material placement,while a micro-apical placement(MAP)system guarantees void-free MTA delivery.These advancements improve procedural outcomes and minimize the risk of iatrogenic errors,making apexification a more predictable and reliable treatment option in pediatric patients with immature teeth.CASE SUMMARY A 16-year-old patient presented with a nonvital maxillary central incisor with an open apex,secondary to trauma.Due to the lack of apical closure,traditional root canal obturation was not feasible.Apexification was chosen as the treatment modality to induce the formation of a calcified apical barrier,allowing for proper root canal sealing.Historically,calcium hydroxide was the material of choice for apexification,requiring multiple visits and prolonged treatment duration.However,the introduction of bioceramic materials such as MTA has revolutionized the procedure,offering superior outcomes with reduced treatment time.In this case,the apexification procedure involved thorough canal disinfection using NaOCl,enhanced by internal heating,ultrasonic activation,and double-sided vented needle irrigation.Under the dental operating microscope,MTA was precisely placed at the apex using a MAP system,ensuring a dense,void-free apical barrier.The remaining canal space was subsequently sealed with a bioceramic sealer to promote long-term stability and healing.CONCLUSION This case highlights the effectiveness of a modern approach for apexification in a pediatric patient.The use of advanced materials and techniques facilitated the formation of a stable apical barrier,ensuring long-term tooth retention and function.By incorporating precise irrigation protocols,internal heating,ultrasonic activation,and magnification tools,the treatment achieved thorough disinfection and optimal material placement.These advancements make apexification a predictable and reliable treatment option for young patients with immature necrotic teeth,preserving their natural dentition and preventing future complications.
基金support by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(YG2024QNB16)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82270953 and 82201115)+3 种基金Shanghai Rising-Star Program(21QA1405400)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(22ZR1436400)the Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai(SHSMU-ZLCX20212400)the Opening Research fund from Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology,Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,College of Stomatology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(2022SKLS-KFKT008).
文摘Given its excellent biological properties and the matching of its elastic modulus with that of human bone tissue,medical polyetheretherketone(PEEK)is considered a desirable candidate for bone-implant materials.However,its poor osseointegrative and antibacterial properties greatly limit its clinical application.To address these concerns,a functional PEEK implant is needed.Herein,a novel photo-responsive multifunctional PEEK-based implant material(sPEEK/BP/E7)with both effective osteogenesis and good disinfection properties was constructed via the self-assembly of black phosphorus(BP)nanosheets,mussel-inspired polydopamine(PDA),and bioactive short peptide E7 on sulfonated PEEK(sPEEK).The versatile micro-/nano-structured PEEK surface provides superior hydrophilicity,a favorable osteogenic microenvironment,and excellent photothermal effects under near-infrared(NIR)irradiation.The in vitro results showed that sPEEK/BP/E7 displays enhanced cytocompatibility and osteogenicity in terms of cell adhesion,proliferation,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity,matrix mineralization,and osteogenesis-related gene expression,superior to those of the sPEEK and sPEEK/BP samples.In addition to osteogenesis,the multifunctional coating exhibited strong antibacterial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)and Escherichia coli(E.coli).Furthermore,it was confirmed in a rat femoral infection model that sPEEK/BP/E7 effectively resisted infection caused by S.aureus under NIR light irradiation and promoted osseointegration in vivo.Thus,this work presents a facile strategy to realize improvement of the“functional integration”of new polymer bone–implant materials and provide new ideas for their clinical application.
基金sponsored by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82201004 to J.D.,81921002 to X.J.,82130027 to X.J.)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(YESS20230102 to J.D.)the innovative research team of high-level local universities in Shanghai(SHSMU-ZLCX20212400 to X.J.).
文摘The mandibular condyle is a critical growth center in craniofacial bone development,especially during postnatal stages.Postnatal condyle osteogenesis requires precise spatiotemporal coordination of growth factor signaling cascades and hierarchical gene regulatory networks.Plagl1,which encodes a zinc finger transcription factor,is a paternally expressed gene.We demonstrate that PLAGL1 is highly expressed in cranial neural crest cell(CNCC)-derived lineage cells in mouse condyles.Using the CNCC-derived lineage-specific Plagl1 knockout mouse model,we evaluate the function of PLAGL1 during postnatal mouse condyle development.Our findings show that PLAGL1 contributes significantly to osteoblast differentiation,and its deficiency impairs osteogenic lineage differentiation,which consequently disrupts mandibular condyle development.Mechanistically,insulin-like growth factor 2(IGF2)in complex with IGF-binding proteins(IGFBPs)has been identified as the principal PLAGL1 effector responsible for osteogenic regulation during postnatal condyle morphogenesis.Plagl1 deficiency significantly downregulates the IGF2/IGFBP pathway,leading to disordered glucose metabolism,defective extracellular matrix organization,and impaired ossification.Exogenous IGF2 treatment rescues impaired osteoblast differentiation caused by Plagl1 deficiency.In conclusion,the PLAGL1-IGF2 axis is a critical regulator of osteogenesis during mandibular condyle development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82325012)the Youth Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82301043)+1 种基金the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi (Program No.2024JC-YBQN-0980)the Shaanxi Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Team(2020TD-033).
文摘Hypoxemia is a common pathological state characterized by low oxygen saturation in the blood.This condition compromises mucosal barrier integrity particularly in the gut and oral cavity.However,the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear.This study used periodontitis as a model to investigate the role of platelet activation in oral mucosal immunopathology under hypoxic conditions.Hypoxia upregulated methyltransferase-like protein 4(METTL4)expression in platelets,resulting in N6-methyladenine modification of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA).This modification impaired mitochondrial transcriptional factor A-dependent cytosolic mtDNA degradation,leading to cytosolic mtDNA accumulation.Excess cytosolic mt-DNA aberrantly activated the cGAS-STING pathway in platelets.This resulted in excessive platelet activation and neutrophil extracellular trap formation that ultimately exacerbated periodontitis.Targeting platelet METTL4 and its downstream pathways offers a potential strategy for managing oral mucosa immunopathology.Further research is needed to examine its broader implications for mucosal inflammation under hypoxic conditions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2400700)the National Science Foundation of China(82370924,82170929)+5 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation Haidian Original Innovation Joint Fund Project(L222090)the Fujian Province Natural Science Foundation of China(2021J01803)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of 5CPSF(GZC20230141)the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation-Changping Innovation Joint Fund Project(L234074)Industry-University-Research Innovation Fund for Chinese Universities(2024GR021)the Innovation research program(HHKT-00-03).
文摘Guided bone regeneration(GBR)membranes are extensively utilized in dental implantation.However,the existing GBR membranes showed insufficient space-maintaining capability and poor bone promoting ability,affecting the effectiveness of clinical bone augmentation,which in turn resulted in poor implant outcomes and even failure.In this study,we designed a novel magnesium reinforced sandwich structured composite membrane,consisting of an inner magnesium scaffold and a PLGA/collagen hybrid(mixture of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)and collagen)top and bottom layer.The magnesium scaffold provided mechanical support and released Mg^(2+)to enhance osteogenesis.The PLGA/collagen hybrid regulated membrane degradation and improved biocompatibility,promoting cell adhesion and proliferation(P<0.05).The PLGA/collagen hybrid regulated the release of magnesium ions,such that the MgP10C(mass ratios of PLGA and collagen=100:10)group showed the best in vitro osteogenic effect.Further mechanism exploration confirmed that MgP10C membranes significantly enhanced bone defect repair via the MAPK/ERK 1/2 pathway by the Mg^(2+)released from the composite membranes.In rat calvarial defect and rabbit alveolar defect model(P<0.05),the in vivo osteogenic effect of the MgP10C group was superior to that of other groups.Finite element analysis models validated the support effect of composite membranes,demonstrating lower stress and a significant reduction in strain on the bone graft in the MgP10C group.In conclusion,the magnesium-reinforced sandwich structure composite membrane,with its spacemaintaining properties and osteoinductive activity,represents a new strategy for GBR and enhancing osteogenic potential that meets directly clinical needs.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2412600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52271243,52171233,82370924,82170929)+3 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L212014)the Beijing Nova Program(20230484459)the National Clinical Key Discipline Construction Project(PKUSSNKP-T202103)the Research Foundation of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology(PKSS20230104).
文摘Peri-implantitis is a bacterial infection that causes soft tissue inflammatory lesions and alveolar bone resorption,ultimately resulting in implant failure.Dental implants for clinical use barely have antibacterial properties,and bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on the dental implants are major causes of peri-implantitis.Treatment strategies such as mechanical debridement and antibiotic therapy have been used to remove dental plaque.However,it is particularly important to prevent the occurrence of peri-implantitis rather than treatment.Therefore,the current research spot has focused on improving the antibacterial properties of dental implants,such as the construction of specific micro-nano surface texture,the introduction of diverse functional coatings,or the application of materials with intrinsic antibacterial properties.The aforementioned antibacterial surfaces can be incorporated with bioactive molecules,metallic nanoparticles,or other functional components to further enhance the osteogenic properties and accelerate the healing process.In this review,we summarize the recent developments in biomaterial science and the modification strategies applied to dental implants to inhibit biofilm formation and facilitate bone-implant integration.Furthermore,we summarized the obstacles existing in the process of laboratory research to reach the clinic products,and propose corresponding directions for future developments and research perspectives,so that to provide insights into the rational design and construction of dental implants with the aim to balance antibacterial efficacy,biological safety,and osteogenic property.
