BACKGROUND Relapse following orthodontic treatment has been a common problem that can occur due to several factors. It was suggested that surgical circumferential supracrestal fiberotomy(CSF) is an effective measure t...BACKGROUND Relapse following orthodontic treatment has been a common problem that can occur due to several factors. It was suggested that surgical circumferential supracrestal fiberotomy(CSF) is an effective measure to reduce this relapse.However, very few studies have reported the amount of relapse that occurs afterward.AIM To assess the frequency of rotational relapse on anterior teeth 1 year following CSF.METHODS Eleven adults(six male and five female) with a mean age of 23 years(standard deviation = 5.2), who had a total of 90 rotated anterior teeth, were included in this study. CSF was performed after comprehensive orthodontic treatment involving the use of full-fixed preadjusted edgewise appliances(Victory Series APC, 3 M,United States) with a 0.022-inch slot and Roth prescription brackets(Ovation;DENTSPLY GAC, Bohemia, New York, United States) and placement of a fixed lingual retainer from canine to canine in both arches using a 0.016 Australian wire(AJ Wilcock, Australia). Degrees of rotational correction and relapse were measured on three sets of casts [pretreatment, post-treatment(at the debond visit), and 1-year post-treatment]. Rotational relapse was categorized as follows:Unnoticeable relapse(0°), barely noticeable relapse(1°-3°), noticeable relapse(4°-9°), and clearly noticeable relapse(≥ 10°). The percent relapse that had occurred 1 year after teeth were aligned to their ideal position was calculated. Data were analyzed by dental arch type and tooth types.RESULTS Mean rotational correction was 14.05° during posttreatment. Mean relapse at 1-year follow-up was 1.1°(10.8%). More than half(n = 52, 57.8%) of teeth were categorized as having unnoticeable relapse(0°). Of the remaining teeth, 31(34.5%) had barely noticeable relapse(1°-3°), 6(6.6%) had noticeable relapse(4°-9°), and only one(1.1%) had clearly noticeable relapse(> 10°). When analyzed by arch, 54.5%(n = 6) of the relapsed maxillary teeth had barely noticeable relapse(1°-3°). While most of the mandibular teeth(3, 37.5%) fell into noticeable relapse category(4°-9°), only 1(12.5%) tooth had clearly noticeable relapse(≥ 10°).CONCLUSION When relapse was measured following CSF, it was found to be more pronounced in maxillary than in mandibular arch. Most frequent relapse was found in maxillary lateral incisors and mandibular canines.展开更多
柬埔寨洞里萨湖(Tonle Sap Lake)位于湄公河下游盆地的中心地带,是汹涌的湄公河的缩影和“心脏”,也是湄公河三角洲复杂生态水文的重要组成部分。如今,生物多样性极为丰富的洪泛区是170万人口的家园,也是含有鱼类物种最多的地区之一,极...柬埔寨洞里萨湖(Tonle Sap Lake)位于湄公河下游盆地的中心地带,是汹涌的湄公河的缩影和“心脏”,也是湄公河三角洲复杂生态水文的重要组成部分。如今,生物多样性极为丰富的洪泛区是170万人口的家园,也是含有鱼类物种最多的地区之一,极易受水电、灌溉、防洪和供水等大型水利工程设施建设的影响。在森林砍伐、种植作物单一、人口增长、国际投资激增、大规模旅游等各种发展压力下,千百年来的人类聚落、多民族的生活和社会文化习俗均受到威胁。同时,受淤积、污染、野生动物(尤其是鱼类和鸟类)资源的过度开发及农林种植规模扩张的影响,湖泊的生态活力岌岌可危。柬埔寨动荡的历史与大幅度土地割据,对其水利基础设施产生了根本性的影响。揭示了人类通过工程建设和领地扩张强化自身影响的情况下,土壤、植被、地形和水等自然景观要素与人类主宰力之间的内在联系。早先人类聚落和生产性景观的形成得益于多种传统生态知识(traditional ecological knowledge,TEK),特别体现在保留至今的众多水上渔村和湖边高脚屋上。批判性地指出,在过去的2个世纪里,人类大规模地侵占自然环境开展工程建设所形成的景观,在某种程度上破坏了自然系统的稳定性,人与自然和谐共生的关系被打破。只有深刻理解区域景观生态内的复杂关系并致力于其恢复重建,才能实现人类与其他物种和谐共生的愿景。展开更多
CHAARTED was an ECOG-led phase III trial looking at early chemotherapy with the use of docetaxel in addition to androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） versus ADT alone in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. The positive ...CHAARTED was an ECOG-led phase III trial looking at early chemotherapy with the use of docetaxel in addition to androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） versus ADT alone in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. The positive results of the trial showing marked improvement in overall survival in those who received chemotherapy with ADT have revolutionized the treatment of metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer.展开更多
Last season＇s hurricanes and the recent Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami resulted in the loss of hundreds of thousands of lives, and billions of dollars in economic damage. To help mitigate the extensive damage an...Last season＇s hurricanes and the recent Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami resulted in the loss of hundreds of thousands of lives, and billions of dollars in economic damage. To help mitigate the extensive damage and tragic loss of life caused by these and other natural disasters, and to examine lessons learned and explore other vital issues in coastal engineering, coastal professionals gathered in historic Charleston, S. C., a city that has withstood 29 hurricanes and tropical storms since 1871, for the Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2005 Conference, held May 8-11.展开更多
The benefits of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) beyond blood pressure reduction have been proven through many large studies (HOPE, LIFE) in high risk CVD patie... The benefits of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) beyond blood pressure reduction have been proven through many large studies (HOPE, LIFE) in high risk CVD patients;1 post hoc studies have shown reductions in new onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). ……展开更多
Despite the implementation of accelerated ACL reha-bilitation and improved surgical technique, persistent quadriceps weakness continues to be reported in the liter-ature following ACL reconstruction.[1-4] The literatu...Despite the implementation of accelerated ACL reha-bilitation and improved surgical technique, persistent quadriceps weakness continues to be reported in the liter-ature following ACL reconstruction.[1-4] The literature sug-gests, that the exclusive use of multijoint CKC展开更多
In discussions about sex in China, ignorance and openness exist simultaneously. On 16 December 2005,Shenzhen TV Station broadcasted a report that some young women would drink several glasses of ice-cold Coca- Cola bef...In discussions about sex in China, ignorance and openness exist simultaneously. On 16 December 2005,Shenzhen TV Station broadcasted a report that some young women would drink several glasses of ice-cold Coca- Cola before sex,because they展开更多
Phenibut(β-phenyl-γ-aminobutyric acid)is a psychoactive gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)analog marketed online as a nutritional and nootropic(cognition enhancing)supplement.Phenibut consumption poses a high risk of pot...Phenibut(β-phenyl-γ-aminobutyric acid)is a psychoactive gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)analog marketed online as a nutritional and nootropic(cognition enhancing)supplement.Phenibut consumption poses a high risk of potential abuse.Withdrawal from phenibut mimics benzodiazepine and alcohol withdrawal and can be dangerous.A number of approaches have been described for phenibut withdrawal,including protocols that include baclofen,but for inpatient and outpatient use.Here we describe a 30-year-old male who presented to an emergency department(ED)with insomnia,anxiety and palpitations after he stopped taking phenibut.展开更多
The international community is in shock over the continuing war in Ukraine.Peace is an urgent need but the road ahead remains rough.China and the EU share a common interest in stopping the conflict.However,their inter...The international community is in shock over the continuing war in Ukraine.Peace is an urgent need but the road ahead remains rough.China and the EU share a common interest in stopping the conflict.However,their interpretations differ on some dimensions.展开更多
The TOPARP study showed the beneficial utility of olaparib in a heavily pretreatedpopulation of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who were biomarker-positive for aberrations in DNA repair gene. A higher...The TOPARP study showed the beneficial utility of olaparib in a heavily pretreatedpopulation of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who were biomarker-positive for aberrations in DNA repair gene. A higher response rate to olaparib of 88% （14 out of 16 patients）, time to radiographic progression as well as overall survival, was seen in patients who were biomarker-positive compared to those who were not. This study showed a promising way of targeting prostate cancer with an enriched population of patients who harbor these deleterious genes. this paves the way for offering new therapeutic opportunities for men who have otherwise few remaining options.展开更多
China is switching from economic growth based on extremely rapid capital accumulation to economic growth based on structural reforms and accelerated total factor productivity growth. Meanwhile, China will also face a ...China is switching from economic growth based on extremely rapid capital accumulation to economic growth based on structural reforms and accelerated total factor productivity growth. Meanwhile, China will also face a serious excess saving problem as capital accumulation slows and, hence, needs to reduce its private saving rate. Based on this analysis, we estimated the economic impact of China＇s growth slowdown and hypothetical economic transformation on Japan, the USA and Germany using the worm input-output database. We compared the following three scenarios for China＇s final demand in 2020 and economic growth from 2015 to 2020： （i） an optimistic scenario （GDP growth rate = 6.2%, investment/GDP = 0.501）; （ii） a slowdown scenario （GDP growth rate = 4%, investment/GDP = 0.501）; and （iii） a structural reform scenario （GDP growth rate = 6.2%, investment/GDP = 0.3）. Our analysis suggests that Japan and Germany would suffer more from structural reforms in China than from a slowdown in growth. Meanwhile, for the USA, the employment decline triggered by structural reforms wouM be much smaller than the employment decline caused by a slowdown in growth.展开更多
In accordance with international protocols and directions,the APEC Energy Working Group has concentrated on constraining operational energy use and greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions in cities across the Asia Pacific,especi...In accordance with international protocols and directions,the APEC Energy Working Group has concentrated on constraining operational energy use and greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions in cities across the Asia Pacific,especially from the widespread consumption of fossil fuels.In addition to economy level policies and recognising the different characteristics within the region,APEC has sought to take action at the town/city level via the Low-Carbon Model Town(LCMT)project,including the development of self-assessment tools and indicator systems.However,the“low carbon”landscape is changing.There is increasing recognition of embodied carbon,accompanied by the emergence of methods for its measurement,while the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group has recently highlighted the significance of consumption-based carbon.Similarly,the Greenhouse Gas Protocol for Cities(GPC)is likely to extend its ambit from Scope 1 GHG emissions,derived from energy use within a city boundaries,and Scope 2 emissions from grid-supplied electricity,heating and/or cooling,to Scope 3 emissions derived from materials and goods produced outside the boundaries of a city but associated with construction within that city.After describing these emerging approaches and the current landscape,the paper examines the significance and implications of these changes for APEC approaches,especially in relation to the LCMT project,its indicators and the varying characteristics of towns and cities within the Asia-Pacific region.Special attention is given to the built environment,which is known to be a major contributor to operational and embod-ied emissions.Consistent with the theme of the Asia-Pacific Energy Sustainable Development Forum covering“sustainable development of energy and the city,”a case is put forward for the current APEC approach to be extended to encompass both embodied and consumption-based emissions.展开更多
基金the College of Dentistry Research Center and the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (CDRC) for all the support provided during this study
文摘BACKGROUND Relapse following orthodontic treatment has been a common problem that can occur due to several factors. It was suggested that surgical circumferential supracrestal fiberotomy(CSF) is an effective measure to reduce this relapse.However, very few studies have reported the amount of relapse that occurs afterward.AIM To assess the frequency of rotational relapse on anterior teeth 1 year following CSF.METHODS Eleven adults(six male and five female) with a mean age of 23 years(standard deviation = 5.2), who had a total of 90 rotated anterior teeth, were included in this study. CSF was performed after comprehensive orthodontic treatment involving the use of full-fixed preadjusted edgewise appliances(Victory Series APC, 3 M,United States) with a 0.022-inch slot and Roth prescription brackets(Ovation;DENTSPLY GAC, Bohemia, New York, United States) and placement of a fixed lingual retainer from canine to canine in both arches using a 0.016 Australian wire(AJ Wilcock, Australia). Degrees of rotational correction and relapse were measured on three sets of casts [pretreatment, post-treatment(at the debond visit), and 1-year post-treatment]. Rotational relapse was categorized as follows:Unnoticeable relapse(0°), barely noticeable relapse(1°-3°), noticeable relapse(4°-9°), and clearly noticeable relapse(≥ 10°). The percent relapse that had occurred 1 year after teeth were aligned to their ideal position was calculated. Data were analyzed by dental arch type and tooth types.RESULTS Mean rotational correction was 14.05° during posttreatment. Mean relapse at 1-year follow-up was 1.1°(10.8%). More than half(n = 52, 57.8%) of teeth were categorized as having unnoticeable relapse(0°). Of the remaining teeth, 31(34.5%) had barely noticeable relapse(1°-3°), 6(6.6%) had noticeable relapse(4°-9°), and only one(1.1%) had clearly noticeable relapse(> 10°). When analyzed by arch, 54.5%(n = 6) of the relapsed maxillary teeth had barely noticeable relapse(1°-3°). While most of the mandibular teeth(3, 37.5%) fell into noticeable relapse category(4°-9°), only 1(12.5%) tooth had clearly noticeable relapse(≥ 10°).CONCLUSION When relapse was measured following CSF, it was found to be more pronounced in maxillary than in mandibular arch. Most frequent relapse was found in maxillary lateral incisors and mandibular canines.
文摘柬埔寨洞里萨湖(Tonle Sap Lake)位于湄公河下游盆地的中心地带,是汹涌的湄公河的缩影和“心脏”,也是湄公河三角洲复杂生态水文的重要组成部分。如今,生物多样性极为丰富的洪泛区是170万人口的家园,也是含有鱼类物种最多的地区之一,极易受水电、灌溉、防洪和供水等大型水利工程设施建设的影响。在森林砍伐、种植作物单一、人口增长、国际投资激增、大规模旅游等各种发展压力下,千百年来的人类聚落、多民族的生活和社会文化习俗均受到威胁。同时,受淤积、污染、野生动物(尤其是鱼类和鸟类)资源的过度开发及农林种植规模扩张的影响,湖泊的生态活力岌岌可危。柬埔寨动荡的历史与大幅度土地割据,对其水利基础设施产生了根本性的影响。揭示了人类通过工程建设和领地扩张强化自身影响的情况下,土壤、植被、地形和水等自然景观要素与人类主宰力之间的内在联系。早先人类聚落和生产性景观的形成得益于多种传统生态知识(traditional ecological knowledge,TEK),特别体现在保留至今的众多水上渔村和湖边高脚屋上。批判性地指出,在过去的2个世纪里,人类大规模地侵占自然环境开展工程建设所形成的景观,在某种程度上破坏了自然系统的稳定性,人与自然和谐共生的关系被打破。只有深刻理解区域景观生态内的复杂关系并致力于其恢复重建,才能实现人类与其他物种和谐共生的愿景。
文摘CHAARTED was an ECOG-led phase III trial looking at early chemotherapy with the use of docetaxel in addition to androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） versus ADT alone in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. The positive results of the trial showing marked improvement in overall survival in those who received chemotherapy with ADT have revolutionized the treatment of metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer.
文摘Last season＇s hurricanes and the recent Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami resulted in the loss of hundreds of thousands of lives, and billions of dollars in economic damage. To help mitigate the extensive damage and tragic loss of life caused by these and other natural disasters, and to examine lessons learned and explore other vital issues in coastal engineering, coastal professionals gathered in historic Charleston, S. C., a city that has withstood 29 hurricanes and tropical storms since 1871, for the Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2005 Conference, held May 8-11.
文摘 The benefits of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) beyond blood pressure reduction have been proven through many large studies (HOPE, LIFE) in high risk CVD patients;1 post hoc studies have shown reductions in new onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). ……
文摘Despite the implementation of accelerated ACL reha-bilitation and improved surgical technique, persistent quadriceps weakness continues to be reported in the liter-ature following ACL reconstruction.[1-4] The literature sug-gests, that the exclusive use of multijoint CKC
文摘In discussions about sex in China, ignorance and openness exist simultaneously. On 16 December 2005,Shenzhen TV Station broadcasted a report that some young women would drink several glasses of ice-cold Coca- Cola before sex,because they
文摘Phenibut(β-phenyl-γ-aminobutyric acid)is a psychoactive gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)analog marketed online as a nutritional and nootropic(cognition enhancing)supplement.Phenibut consumption poses a high risk of potential abuse.Withdrawal from phenibut mimics benzodiazepine and alcohol withdrawal and can be dangerous.A number of approaches have been described for phenibut withdrawal,including protocols that include baclofen,but for inpatient and outpatient use.Here we describe a 30-year-old male who presented to an emergency department(ED)with insomnia,anxiety and palpitations after he stopped taking phenibut.
文摘The international community is in shock over the continuing war in Ukraine.Peace is an urgent need but the road ahead remains rough.China and the EU share a common interest in stopping the conflict.However,their interpretations differ on some dimensions.
文摘The TOPARP study showed the beneficial utility of olaparib in a heavily pretreatedpopulation of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who were biomarker-positive for aberrations in DNA repair gene. A higher response rate to olaparib of 88% （14 out of 16 patients）, time to radiographic progression as well as overall survival, was seen in patients who were biomarker-positive compared to those who were not. This study showed a promising way of targeting prostate cancer with an enriched population of patients who harbor these deleterious genes. this paves the way for offering new therapeutic opportunities for men who have otherwise few remaining options.
基金We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science （Grant No. 16H06322）, the Social Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 11AJY006） and the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education （Grant No. 12JJD790038）.
文摘China is switching from economic growth based on extremely rapid capital accumulation to economic growth based on structural reforms and accelerated total factor productivity growth. Meanwhile, China will also face a serious excess saving problem as capital accumulation slows and, hence, needs to reduce its private saving rate. Based on this analysis, we estimated the economic impact of China＇s growth slowdown and hypothetical economic transformation on Japan, the USA and Germany using the worm input-output database. We compared the following three scenarios for China＇s final demand in 2020 and economic growth from 2015 to 2020： （i） an optimistic scenario （GDP growth rate = 6.2%, investment/GDP = 0.501）; （ii） a slowdown scenario （GDP growth rate = 4%, investment/GDP = 0.501）; and （iii） a structural reform scenario （GDP growth rate = 6.2%, investment/GDP = 0.3）. Our analysis suggests that Japan and Germany would suffer more from structural reforms in China than from a slowdown in growth. Meanwhile, for the USA, the employment decline triggered by structural reforms wouM be much smaller than the employment decline caused by a slowdown in growth.
文摘In accordance with international protocols and directions,the APEC Energy Working Group has concentrated on constraining operational energy use and greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions in cities across the Asia Pacific,especially from the widespread consumption of fossil fuels.In addition to economy level policies and recognising the different characteristics within the region,APEC has sought to take action at the town/city level via the Low-Carbon Model Town(LCMT)project,including the development of self-assessment tools and indicator systems.However,the“low carbon”landscape is changing.There is increasing recognition of embodied carbon,accompanied by the emergence of methods for its measurement,while the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group has recently highlighted the significance of consumption-based carbon.Similarly,the Greenhouse Gas Protocol for Cities(GPC)is likely to extend its ambit from Scope 1 GHG emissions,derived from energy use within a city boundaries,and Scope 2 emissions from grid-supplied electricity,heating and/or cooling,to Scope 3 emissions derived from materials and goods produced outside the boundaries of a city but associated with construction within that city.After describing these emerging approaches and the current landscape,the paper examines the significance and implications of these changes for APEC approaches,especially in relation to the LCMT project,its indicators and the varying characteristics of towns and cities within the Asia-Pacific region.Special attention is given to the built environment,which is known to be a major contributor to operational and embod-ied emissions.Consistent with the theme of the Asia-Pacific Energy Sustainable Development Forum covering“sustainable development of energy and the city,”a case is put forward for the current APEC approach to be extended to encompass both embodied and consumption-based emissions.
