Protein damage repair and prevention are important objectives in skin care industry.Skin protein damage or modifications such as glycation,carbonylation or oxidation,have a significant impact on its function,therefore...Protein damage repair and prevention are important objectives in skin care industry.Skin protein damage or modifications such as glycation,carbonylation or oxidation,have a significant impact on its function,therefore directly influencing various skin functions or properties including skin appearance.However,there is a lack of comprehensive methods to visualize and assess the protein damage.In this article,we present a three-channel imaging approach to simultaneously visualize and quantitatively evaluate protein oxidation,protein glycation and carbonylation in a full-thickness skin model.We successfully visualized and quantified the impact of the multiple stimuli(ultraviolet radiation A(UVA)and/or methylglyoxal)as well as treatment effect of positive control(vitamins C and E)with this method.Our findings indicate that multiple stimuli exhibit synergistic effects on protein damage.Furthermore,we evaluated a unique combination of skin care ingredients which demonstrated an excellent efficacy in resisting protein damage.Further research revealed that three ingredients of the combination upregulate autophagy in cells,which may contribute to remove damaged proteins and maintain protein quality homeostasis.This method provides a holistic assessment of protein damages and can be employed to evaluate the impact of various stimuli or to assess the efficacy of skin care ingredients in mitigating such damage.展开更多
Concentrated suspensions of Brownian hard-spheres in water are an epitome for understanding the glassy dynamics of both soft materials and supercooled molecular liquids. From an experimental point of view, such system...Concentrated suspensions of Brownian hard-spheres in water are an epitome for understanding the glassy dynamics of both soft materials and supercooled molecular liquids. From an experimental point of view, such systems are especially suited to perform particle tracking easily, and, therefore, are a benchmark for novel optical techniques, applicable when primary particles cannot be resolved. Differential variance analysis（DVA） is one such novel technique that simplifies significantly the characterization of structural relaxation processes of soft glassy materials, since it is directly applicable to digital image sequences of the sample. DVA succeeds in monitoring not only the average dynamics, but also its spatio-temporal fluctuations, known as dynamic heterogeneities. In this work, we study the dynamics of dense suspensions of Brownian beads in water, imaged through digital video-microscopy, by using both DVA and single-particle tracking. We focus on two commonly used signatures of dynamic heterogeneities: the dynamic susceptibility, χ4, and the non-Gaussian parameter, α2. By direct comparison of these two quantities,we are able to highlight similarities and differences. We do confirm that χ4 and α2 provide qualitatively similar information, but we find quantitative discrepancies in the scalings of characteristic time and length scale on approaching the glass transition.展开更多
文摘Protein damage repair and prevention are important objectives in skin care industry.Skin protein damage or modifications such as glycation,carbonylation or oxidation,have a significant impact on its function,therefore directly influencing various skin functions or properties including skin appearance.However,there is a lack of comprehensive methods to visualize and assess the protein damage.In this article,we present a three-channel imaging approach to simultaneously visualize and quantitatively evaluate protein oxidation,protein glycation and carbonylation in a full-thickness skin model.We successfully visualized and quantified the impact of the multiple stimuli(ultraviolet radiation A(UVA)and/or methylglyoxal)as well as treatment effect of positive control(vitamins C and E)with this method.Our findings indicate that multiple stimuli exhibit synergistic effects on protein damage.Furthermore,we evaluated a unique combination of skin care ingredients which demonstrated an excellent efficacy in resisting protein damage.Further research revealed that three ingredients of the combination upregulate autophagy in cells,which may contribute to remove damaged proteins and maintain protein quality homeostasis.This method provides a holistic assessment of protein damages and can be employed to evaluate the impact of various stimuli or to assess the efficacy of skin care ingredients in mitigating such damage.
文摘Concentrated suspensions of Brownian hard-spheres in water are an epitome for understanding the glassy dynamics of both soft materials and supercooled molecular liquids. From an experimental point of view, such systems are especially suited to perform particle tracking easily, and, therefore, are a benchmark for novel optical techniques, applicable when primary particles cannot be resolved. Differential variance analysis（DVA） is one such novel technique that simplifies significantly the characterization of structural relaxation processes of soft glassy materials, since it is directly applicable to digital image sequences of the sample. DVA succeeds in monitoring not only the average dynamics, but also its spatio-temporal fluctuations, known as dynamic heterogeneities. In this work, we study the dynamics of dense suspensions of Brownian beads in water, imaged through digital video-microscopy, by using both DVA and single-particle tracking. We focus on two commonly used signatures of dynamic heterogeneities: the dynamic susceptibility, χ4, and the non-Gaussian parameter, α2. By direct comparison of these two quantities,we are able to highlight similarities and differences. We do confirm that χ4 and α2 provide qualitatively similar information, but we find quantitative discrepancies in the scalings of characteristic time and length scale on approaching the glass transition.
