Smart data gloves capable of monitoring finger activities and inferring hand gestures are of significance to human-machine interfaces,robotics,healthcare,and Metaverse.Yet,most current smart data gloves present unstab...Smart data gloves capable of monitoring finger activities and inferring hand gestures are of significance to human-machine interfaces,robotics,healthcare,and Metaverse.Yet,most current smart data gloves present unstable mechanical contacts,limited sensitivity,as well as offline training and updating of machine learning models,leading to uncomfortable wear and suboptimal performance during practical applications.Herein,highly sensitive and mechanically stable textile sensors are developed through the construction of loose MXene-modified textile interface structures and a thermal transfer printing method with the melting-infiltration-solidification adhesion procedure.Then,a smart data glove with adaptive gesture recognition is reported,based on the integration of 10-channel MXene textile bending sensors and a near-sensor adaptive machine learning model.The near-sensor adaptive machine learning model achieves a 99.5%accuracy using the proposed post-processing algorithm for 14 gestures.Also,the model features the ability to locally update model parameters when gesture types change,without additional computation on any external device.A high accuracy of 98.1%is still preserved when further expanding the dataset to 20 gestures,where the accuracy is recovered by 27.6%after implementing the model updates locally.Lastly,an auto-recognition and control system for wireless robotic sorting operations with locally trained hand gestures is demonstrated,showing the great potential of the smart data glove in robotics and human-machine interactions.展开更多
Wearable on-skin electrodes or conductors should be vapor permeable,strain-insensitive,isotropically stretchable and stable under cyclic stretching.Various strategies have been proposed to prepare the required conduct...Wearable on-skin electrodes or conductors should be vapor permeable,strain-insensitive,isotropically stretchable and stable under cyclic stretching.Various strategies have been proposed to prepare the required conductors up to now;however,it is a challenge to fabricate them with above properties in a simple manner.In this paper,a highly permeable and stretchable conductor based on electrospun fluorine rubber fiber mat is reported.The fibers are pre-stretched in electric field during electrospinning,and they shrink isotropically by~35-40%in area after being detached from the substrate.The obtained fiber mat conductor demonstrates high stretchability up to~170%,and the resistance changes only 0.8 under 60%strain,which is superior to many other strain-insensitive conductors.The conductor possesses high stability,no cracks or structure damage are observed after washing and cyclic stretching.Moreover,the conductor is vapor permeable with a water vapor transmission rate of~850 g m−2 day−1,which is comparable to the normal water evaporation in ambient conditions,indicating that it would not disturb the sweat evaporation when being used on skin.The conductor is successfully used as stretchable yarns and electromyography(EMG)electrodes,showing high reliability in E-textiles and on-skin applications.展开更多
Electrodes based on composites of silver nanowires(AgNWs)and elastic polymers have been widely studied and applied in various stretchable electronic devices.However,due to the high aspect ratio of nanowires,the patter...Electrodes based on composites of silver nanowires(AgNWs)and elastic polymers have been widely studied and applied in various stretchable electronic devices.However,due to the high aspect ratio of nanowires,the patterning of AgNW-based composite electrodes remains a huge challenge,especially for high-resolution complex circuit wiring on large-size elastic substrates.In this paper,we propose a method for preparing large-size stretchable circuit boards with high-resolution electrodes by the combination of screen printing and vacuum filtration of AgNWs/polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)composite.The as-prepared stretchable electrodes have smooth edges with patterning resolution up to-50 μm.The conductivity of the composite electrode can be precisely controlled by varying deposition densities of AgNWs and have reached to 1.07 x 10^(4) S/cm when the deposition density was 2.0 mg/cm^(2).In addition,the uniformity of conductivity and the resistance-strain characteristics of composite electrodes were systematically evaluated with different AgNWs deposition densities.The composite electrodes have been successfully employed to construct a large-size programmable display system and an 18-channel surface electromyography(EMG)recording,showing great potentials for some strain-insensitive stretchable circuits in wearable and health-related electronic applications.展开更多
Gesture recording,modeling,and understanding based on a robust electronic glove(E-glove)are of great significance for efficient human-machine cooperation in harsh environments.However,such robust edge-intelligence int...Gesture recording,modeling,and understanding based on a robust electronic glove(E-glove)are of great significance for efficient human-machine cooperation in harsh environments.However,such robust edge-intelligence interfaces remain challenging as existing E-gloves are limited in terms of integration,waterproofness,scalability,and interface stability between different components.Here,we report on the design,manufacturing,and application scenarios for a waterproof E-glove,which is of low cost,lightweight,and scalable for mass production,as well as environmental robustness,waterproofness,and washability.An improved neural network architecture is proposed to implement environment-adaptive learning and inference for hand gestures,which achieves an amphibious recognition accuracy of 100%in 26 categories by analyzing 2,600 hand gesture patterns.We demonstrate that the E-glove can be used for amphibious remote vehicle navigation via hand gestures,potentially opening the way for efficient human-human and human-machine cooperation in harsh environments.展开更多
In this paper, a flexible and stretchable circuit has been fabricated by the printing method based on Ag NWs/PDMS composite. The randomly oriented Ag NWs were buried in PDMS to form a conductive and stretchable electr...In this paper, a flexible and stretchable circuit has been fabricated by the printing method based on Ag NWs/PDMS composite. The randomly oriented Ag NWs were buried in PDMS to form a conductive and stretchable electrode. Stable conductivity was achieved with a large range of tensile strain（0-50%） after the initial stretching/releasing cycle. The stable electrical response is due to the buckling of the Ag NWs/PDMS composite layer. Furthermore, printed stretchable circuits integrated with commercial ICs have been demonstrated for wearable applications.展开更多
Monochiral single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)can enable high-performance carbon-based electronic devices and integrated circuits.However,their fabrication often requires complex SWCNT purification and enrichment.H...Monochiral single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)can enable high-performance carbon-based electronic devices and integrated circuits.However,their fabrication often requires complex SWCNT purification and enrichment.Herein,we showed that isoindigo-based polymer derivatives(PDPPIID and PFIID)directly enriched(9,8)nanotubes from as-synthesized SWCNT powders selectively and efficiently to yield high concentration(9,8)nanotube inks.The selective wrapping mechanism was elucidated by classical full-atomistic molecular dynamic(MD)simulations.Thin-film transistors(TFTs)were fabricated by depositing the SWCNT ink into device channels using aerosol jet printing.TFT performance was strongly influenced by polymer residues,the deposition condition(humidity),and ink concentration.Optimized TFTs showed excellent device-to-device uniformity with 108 on/off ratios.Further,optoelectronic transistors were fabricated,and their photoelectrical neuromorphic characteristics,storage,memory,and logic functions were characterized under the pulsed light and voltage stimulations,demonstrating excellent application potentials.展开更多
Here we report a simple and scalable method to fabricate high performance thin-film field-effect transistors(FETs) with high yield based on chemically functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) by organic ra...Here we report a simple and scalable method to fabricate high performance thin-film field-effect transistors(FETs) with high yield based on chemically functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) by organic radical initiators.The UV-Vis-NIR spectra,Raman spectra and electrical characterization demonstrated that metallic species in CoMoCat 65 and HiPco SWNTs could be effectively eliminated after reaction with some organic radical initiators.The effects of the substrate properties on the electrical properties of FET devices were investigated,and the results showed that the electrical properties of FET devices fabricated on high hydrophobic substrates were better than those on low hydrophobic substrates.Furthermore,it was found that FET devices based on 1,1'-azobis(cyanocyclohexane)(ACN)-modified CoMoCat 65 SWNTs exhibited more excellent electrical performance with effective mobility of ～11.8 cm2/Vs and on/off ratio of ～2×105 as compared with benzoyl peroxide(BPO)-modified CoMoCat 65 SWNTs and lauoryl peroxideand(LPO)-modified HiPco SWNTs,likely due to the introduction of the electron-withdrawing groups(CN group) on the SWNT surface.This method does not require nontrivial reaction conditions or complicated purification after reaction,therefore promising low-cost production of high-performance devices for macroelectronics.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB3600502,2022YFB3603403)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62075040,623B2021)the Start-up Research Fund of Southeast University(RF1028623164).
文摘Smart data gloves capable of monitoring finger activities and inferring hand gestures are of significance to human-machine interfaces,robotics,healthcare,and Metaverse.Yet,most current smart data gloves present unstable mechanical contacts,limited sensitivity,as well as offline training and updating of machine learning models,leading to uncomfortable wear and suboptimal performance during practical applications.Herein,highly sensitive and mechanically stable textile sensors are developed through the construction of loose MXene-modified textile interface structures and a thermal transfer printing method with the melting-infiltration-solidification adhesion procedure.Then,a smart data glove with adaptive gesture recognition is reported,based on the integration of 10-channel MXene textile bending sensors and a near-sensor adaptive machine learning model.The near-sensor adaptive machine learning model achieves a 99.5%accuracy using the proposed post-processing algorithm for 14 gestures.Also,the model features the ability to locally update model parameters when gesture types change,without additional computation on any external device.A high accuracy of 98.1%is still preserved when further expanding the dataset to 20 gestures,where the accuracy is recovered by 27.6%after implementing the model updates locally.Lastly,an auto-recognition and control system for wireless robotic sorting operations with locally trained hand gestures is demonstrated,showing the great potential of the smart data glove in robotics and human-machine interactions.
基金supported by the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M682987)the NSFC-Shenzhen Robotics Basic Research Center Program(U2013207)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1913601,81927804,62003331)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2018A030313065)the National Key Research and Development Project,MOST(2020YFC2005803).
文摘Wearable on-skin electrodes or conductors should be vapor permeable,strain-insensitive,isotropically stretchable and stable under cyclic stretching.Various strategies have been proposed to prepare the required conductors up to now;however,it is a challenge to fabricate them with above properties in a simple manner.In this paper,a highly permeable and stretchable conductor based on electrospun fluorine rubber fiber mat is reported.The fibers are pre-stretched in electric field during electrospinning,and they shrink isotropically by~35-40%in area after being detached from the substrate.The obtained fiber mat conductor demonstrates high stretchability up to~170%,and the resistance changes only 0.8 under 60%strain,which is superior to many other strain-insensitive conductors.The conductor possesses high stability,no cracks or structure damage are observed after washing and cyclic stretching.Moreover,the conductor is vapor permeable with a water vapor transmission rate of~850 g m−2 day−1,which is comparable to the normal water evaporation in ambient conditions,indicating that it would not disturb the sweat evaporation when being used on skin.The conductor is successfully used as stretchable yarns and electromyography(EMG)electrodes,showing high reliability in E-textiles and on-skin applications.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFE0112000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.51603227).
文摘Electrodes based on composites of silver nanowires(AgNWs)and elastic polymers have been widely studied and applied in various stretchable electronic devices.However,due to the high aspect ratio of nanowires,the patterning of AgNW-based composite electrodes remains a huge challenge,especially for high-resolution complex circuit wiring on large-size elastic substrates.In this paper,we propose a method for preparing large-size stretchable circuit boards with high-resolution electrodes by the combination of screen printing and vacuum filtration of AgNWs/polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)composite.The as-prepared stretchable electrodes have smooth edges with patterning resolution up to-50 μm.The conductivity of the composite electrode can be precisely controlled by varying deposition densities of AgNWs and have reached to 1.07 x 10^(4) S/cm when the deposition density was 2.0 mg/cm^(2).In addition,the uniformity of conductivity and the resistance-strain characteristics of composite electrodes were systematically evaluated with different AgNWs deposition densities.The composite electrodes have been successfully employed to construct a large-size programmable display system and an 18-channel surface electromyography(EMG)recording,showing great potentials for some strain-insensitive stretchable circuits in wearable and health-related electronic applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62075040 and 51603227)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFE0112000)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX22_0230).
文摘Gesture recording,modeling,and understanding based on a robust electronic glove(E-glove)are of great significance for efficient human-machine cooperation in harsh environments.However,such robust edge-intelligence interfaces remain challenging as existing E-gloves are limited in terms of integration,waterproofness,scalability,and interface stability between different components.Here,we report on the design,manufacturing,and application scenarios for a waterproof E-glove,which is of low cost,lightweight,and scalable for mass production,as well as environmental robustness,waterproofness,and washability.An improved neural network architecture is proposed to implement environment-adaptive learning and inference for hand gestures,which achieves an amphibious recognition accuracy of 100%in 26 categories by analyzing 2,600 hand gesture patterns.We demonstrate that the E-glove can be used for amphibious remote vehicle navigation via hand gestures,potentially opening the way for efficient human-human and human-machine cooperation in harsh environments.
基金supported by the National Program on Key Basic Research Project(No.2015CB351901)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA09020201)the National Science Foundation of China(Nos.51603227,51603228)
文摘In this paper, a flexible and stretchable circuit has been fabricated by the printing method based on Ag NWs/PDMS composite. The randomly oriented Ag NWs were buried in PDMS to form a conductive and stretchable electrode. Stable conductivity was achieved with a large range of tensile strain（0-50%） after the initial stretching/releasing cycle. The stable electrical response is due to the buckling of the Ag NWs/PDMS composite layer. Furthermore, printed stretchable circuits integrated with commercial ICs have been demonstrated for wearable applications.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFA0714700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61874132)+5 种基金Key Research Program of Frontier Science of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.QYZDB-SSWSLH031)the Shaanxi Province Natural Science Foundation(No.2017JM5063)Cooperation Project of Vacuum Interconnect Nano X Research Facility(No.NANO-X)of Suzhou nanotechnology and Nano-Bionics Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.E20045)China scholarship fund(No.201708615046)Y.C.acknowledges the Australian Research Council under the Future Fellowships scheme(No.FT160100107)M.T.thanks Prof.T.Okazaki(National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology)for experimental help.
文摘Monochiral single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)can enable high-performance carbon-based electronic devices and integrated circuits.However,their fabrication often requires complex SWCNT purification and enrichment.Herein,we showed that isoindigo-based polymer derivatives(PDPPIID and PFIID)directly enriched(9,8)nanotubes from as-synthesized SWCNT powders selectively and efficiently to yield high concentration(9,8)nanotube inks.The selective wrapping mechanism was elucidated by classical full-atomistic molecular dynamic(MD)simulations.Thin-film transistors(TFTs)were fabricated by depositing the SWCNT ink into device channels using aerosol jet printing.TFT performance was strongly influenced by polymer residues,the deposition condition(humidity),and ink concentration.Optimized TFTs showed excellent device-to-device uniformity with 108 on/off ratios.Further,optoelectronic transistors were fabricated,and their photoelectrical neuromorphic characteristics,storage,memory,and logic functions were characterized under the pulsed light and voltage stimulations,demonstrating excellent application potentials.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(09B084)the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,TIPC, Chinese Academy of Sciences(PCOM201114)
文摘Here we report a simple and scalable method to fabricate high performance thin-film field-effect transistors(FETs) with high yield based on chemically functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) by organic radical initiators.The UV-Vis-NIR spectra,Raman spectra and electrical characterization demonstrated that metallic species in CoMoCat 65 and HiPco SWNTs could be effectively eliminated after reaction with some organic radical initiators.The effects of the substrate properties on the electrical properties of FET devices were investigated,and the results showed that the electrical properties of FET devices fabricated on high hydrophobic substrates were better than those on low hydrophobic substrates.Furthermore,it was found that FET devices based on 1,1'-azobis(cyanocyclohexane)(ACN)-modified CoMoCat 65 SWNTs exhibited more excellent electrical performance with effective mobility of ～11.8 cm2/Vs and on/off ratio of ～2×105 as compared with benzoyl peroxide(BPO)-modified CoMoCat 65 SWNTs and lauoryl peroxideand(LPO)-modified HiPco SWNTs,likely due to the introduction of the electron-withdrawing groups(CN group) on the SWNT surface.This method does not require nontrivial reaction conditions or complicated purification after reaction,therefore promising low-cost production of high-performance devices for macroelectronics.
