Acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)is the name used to describe several potentially life-threatening infections and disorders that happen when HIV has severely compromised the immune system.The primary effect of...Acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)is the name used to describe several potentially life-threatening infections and disorders that happen when HIV has severely compromised the immune system.The primary effect of HIV is to decrease host immunity,exposing the host to external pathogens.The development of pharmaceutical drugs that directly cure the infection is crucial because of the current wide-ranging epidemic of HIV.Most therapeutic anti-HIV drugs are nucleosides.However,their high toxicity and potential for drug resistance restrict their use.Many of the most effective clinical drugs used to inhibit HIV,the activation of latent HIV,and AIDS have been obtained from natural sources.This review focuses on potential natural medicinal products for treating and managing HIV and AIDS.Notwithstanding,further clinical research studies are needed to understand the subject and its dynamics.展开更多
A rapid and simple method for the determination of potyhexamethylene biguanide （polyhexanide, PHMB） in liquid and gel-like pharmaceutical formulations by means of high performance liquid chromatography coupled to di...A rapid and simple method for the determination of potyhexamethylene biguanide （polyhexanide, PHMB） in liquid and gel-like pharmaceutical formulations by means of high performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode-array detection （HPLC DAD） was devel- oped. Best separation was achieved using a cyanopropyl bonded phase （Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-CN column 4.6mm x 75 mm with particle size of 3.5 μm） as well as gradient elution consisting of acetonitrile/deionized water at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The optimized and applied chromatographic conditions permitted separation of polyhexanide from interacting raatrix with subsequent detection at a wavelength of 235 nm with good sensitivity. The method validation was carried out with regard to the guidelines for analytical procedures demanded by the International Conference on Harmonisation （ICH）. Mean recoveries of 102% and 101% for gel-like as well as liquid preparations were obtained. Suitable repeatability as well as intermediate precision could bc achieved with limits of detection ≤0.004 mg/mL for both formulations, equivalent to ≤0.004% PHMB concerning sample preparation. Determination of PHMB was accomplished without tedious sample preparation. Interacting matrix could be eliminated by the chromatographicprocedure with excellent performance of system suitability. All analytical requirements were fulfilled permitting a reliable and precise determination of PHMB in pharmaceuticals. Further- more, the developed method was applied to stability testing of pharmaceutical preparations containing PHMB.展开更多
CONSPECTUS:The ability to gather information about materials and products,such as their origin,physicochemical properties or history of experienced environmental stimuli,is valuable for quality control,predictive main...CONSPECTUS:The ability to gather information about materials and products,such as their origin,physicochemical properties or history of experienced environmental stimuli,is valuable for quality control,predictive maintenance,delivery tracking,recycling,and more.Integrating additives capable of recording and storing information into materials offers a flexible approach to create“materials intelligence”.Common strategies utilize luminescent markers or DNA sequences that enable object identification and environmental impact monitoring.展开更多
Dengue fever is a flu-like ailment propagated by female mosquitos of the Aedes aegypti species.It is also known as dandaka jwara in Ayurveda.It is most common in the world’s subtropical and tropical climate zones.Vom...Dengue fever is a flu-like ailment propagated by female mosquitos of the Aedes aegypti species.It is also known as dandaka jwara in Ayurveda.It is most common in the world’s subtropical and tropical climate zones.Vomiting,severe headache,nausea,rashes,joint pain,pain behind the eyes,muscle pain,and swollen glands are all common dengue symptoms.If not handled promptly,these symptoms can lead to more severe issues such as exhaustion,blood in the vomit,continuous vomiting,bleeding gums,restlessness,severe abdominal pain,and rapid bleeding.Because there is no specific medication for dengue fever,the disease is treated by eliminating and managing the symptoms.Fortunately,there are a variety of ayurvedic remedies(like Carica papaya L.,Cissampelos pareira L.,etc.)that can help to tackle the same by strengthening the immune system and controlling hyperthermia.This review article provides a comprehensive overview of dengue virus infections,clinical symptoms,diagnosis,mitigation,and treatments,focusing on ayurvedic and herbal remedies.展开更多
Various vaccine platforms are geared against COVID-19 vaccine development to produce immunogens in cells.To design a recombinant protein-based COVID-19 vaccine,Vaxine pty Ltd used computer models of the spike protein ...Various vaccine platforms are geared against COVID-19 vaccine development to produce immunogens in cells.To design a recombinant protein-based COVID-19 vaccine,Vaxine pty Ltd used computer models of the spike protein and its human receptor,ACE2,to identify how the virus infects human cells.Based on this,the COVAX-19 ■vaccine is synthesized.It does reduce not only COVID-19 disease but also blocks virus shedding and transmission.Researchers are optimistic that this vaccine candidate could be clinically available soon with sufficient vaccine efficacy with a considerable amount of reduction in vaccination-related side effects.展开更多
Background:Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies affecting women worldwide,emphasizing the need for effective therapeutic strategies.Phytochemicals derived from plants have gained significant attention ...Background:Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies affecting women worldwide,emphasizing the need for effective therapeutic strategies.Phytochemicals derived from plants have gained significant attention due to their potential anticancer properties.Objective:This review aims to comprehensively assess the existing literature on using phytochemical-loaded for-mulations as a therapeutic approach for breast cancer.By analyzing the available evidence,we aim to determine the potential benefits and limitations of these formulations in terms of their anticancer activity,bioavailability,and safety.Methods:A systematic search of relevant databases was conducted to identify studies investigating phytochemical-loaded formulations in the context of breast cancer treatment.The inclusion criteria encompassed clinical trials,preclinical studies,and in-vitro experiments that reported using phytochemicals in various formulations for breast cancer treatment.Data extraction was performed to ensure the reliability and validity of the included studies.Results:The review highlights the diverse range of phytochemicals used in different formulations for breast cancer treatment.Findings suggest that these formulations exhibit promising anticancer effects by targeting mul-tiple signaling pathways in breast cancer progression,including cell proliferation,apoptosis,angiogenesis,and metastasis.Moreover,various delivery systems,such as nanoparticles,liposomes,and micelles,have enhanced phytochemicals’bioavailability and targeted delivery.Conclusion:Phytochemical-loaded formulations hold immense potential as a therapeutic approach for breast cancer treatment.The reviewed evidence indicates their ability to inhibit tumor growth,enhance chemotherapy effectiveness,and reduce adverse effects.However,further research is warranted to optimize the formulation strategies,investigate the long-term safety profiles,and conduct large-scale clinical trials to establish their efficacy and applicability in clinical settings.These findings contribute to developing novel phytochemical-based therapies for breast cancer,offering new avenues for personalized and targeted treatment options.展开更多
Background:Several trials have been conducted since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic to establish possible clinical treatments for the infected individuals.However,many these approaches have failed to demonstrat...Background:Several trials have been conducted since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic to establish possible clinical treatments for the infected individuals.However,many these approaches have failed to demonstrate positive results in human clinical trials.In the middle of this investigation,essential oils attracted interest due to their numerous benefits and possible role in management of illness.Essential oils have virucidal effects at nontoxic quantities due to their tiny molecular size,high lipophilicity,and quick commencement of action.Furthermore,the pulmonary exhalation,lower respiratory stimulus,and deep lung transport properties of essential oils increase their potential medicinal usefulness.Objective:The present review aimd to evaluate the potential efficacy of essential oil in management of COVID-19.Methods:Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis(PRISMA)guidelines,studies published in English up to January 2024 were searched in the PubMed,Scifinder,and Scopus database,using relevant keywords,such as“Essential oil and COVID-19”,“Essential Oil and Viral Infection”,etc.Those non-English articles,abstracts,conference papers,book chapters,and reviews were excluded.Results:A total of 108 potentially relevant articles were included for full-text review,with the emphasis is on scrutinizing the probable antiviral action of essential oils to inhibit the replication of viruses.We tried to provide an opinion based on different studies performed using the same concept in different corners of the world.Conclusion:Various essential oils hold a great potential to work as an adjuvant therapy in management and prevention of COVID-19.展开更多
Background:Male infertility poses a growing challenge to the healthcare system,with its prevalence on the rise.Unhealthy lifestyle,food,and addictions such as smoking,alcoholism,etc.accelerate the occurrence.While sev...Background:Male infertility poses a growing challenge to the healthcare system,with its prevalence on the rise.Unhealthy lifestyle,food,and addictions such as smoking,alcoholism,etc.accelerate the occurrence.While several approaches are being investigated to prevent and treat this condition,each therapeutic approach has its drawbacks.Traditional medications continue to play a crucial role in the healthcare system.In recent years,there has been a shift towards determining the efficacy of phytochemicals(or,herbal drugs)as remedies.Objective:To evaluate the effect of various herbs,plant,metabolites,or a part of plant in management of non-genetic male infertility.Methods:The male infertility-associated keywords were searched in PubMed,excluding those non-English writen papers.A total of 146 pertinent and closely connected records were included for full reading and inclusion in the systemic evaluation.Results:The manuscript focuses on individual herbal drug components,their active ingredients,their role in improving the condition and quality of life,and decreasing the prevalence of male infertility.Conclusion:Herbal medicinal plants show promising outcomes to treat male infertility.Herbal alternatives are appealing and have regained popularity.The future holds promise for some of these herbal treatments to advance with many showing improved outcomes in males with infertility issues.展开更多
Background:Phytochemicals encompass a diverse array of bioactive substances originating from plants,exhibit-ing a broad spectrum of possible health-promoting effects.Nonetheless,the clinical uses of these compounds ar...Background:Phytochemicals encompass a diverse array of bioactive substances originating from plants,exhibit-ing a broad spectrum of possible health-promoting effects.Nonetheless,the clinical uses of these compounds are restricted due to their limited solubility,stability,bioavailability,and target selectivity.Nanotechnology-based delivery methods present a viable approach to address these problems and enhance the properties and biological activity of phytochemicals.Nanoformulations have the potential to augment the solubility,bioavailability,and pharmacokinetics of phytochemicals by means of several methods.One potential approach to enhance the surface area and solubility of phytochemicals is by lowering their particle size.The process of adsorption of surfactants onto phytochemical particles can lead to the formation of micelles,which exhibit solubility in water.Nanofor-mulations have the potential to enhance the uptake of phytochemicals across many biological barriers,including the intestinal epithelium.Objective:To study the potential of nanoformulation in enhancing the therapeutic action of phytochemicals Method:Systemic review was performed while considering some aspects of PRISM guidelines.Result:The nanoparticles have a great potential in delivering the phytochemicals and could of great help in the management of various diseases.Although,exhaustive research and clinical trials are yet demanded to provide the evidential proof for the same.Conclusion:In conclusion,the utilisation of ligand-functionalized nanoparticles enables the precise targeting of phytochemicals to particular cells or tissues.The field of nanotechnology has significant promise in transform-ing the advancement and administration of phytochemicals for medicinal and preventative applications.The utilisation of nanotechnology holds promise in addressing the obstacles related to the physicochemical charac-teristics of phytochemicals,hence enabling the development of enhanced and precise delivery systems for these advantageous molecules.展开更多
基金funding this work through the Large Research Group Project under grant number RGP.02/513/45.
文摘Acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)is the name used to describe several potentially life-threatening infections and disorders that happen when HIV has severely compromised the immune system.The primary effect of HIV is to decrease host immunity,exposing the host to external pathogens.The development of pharmaceutical drugs that directly cure the infection is crucial because of the current wide-ranging epidemic of HIV.Most therapeutic anti-HIV drugs are nucleosides.However,their high toxicity and potential for drug resistance restrict their use.Many of the most effective clinical drugs used to inhibit HIV,the activation of latent HIV,and AIDS have been obtained from natural sources.This review focuses on potential natural medicinal products for treating and managing HIV and AIDS.Notwithstanding,further clinical research studies are needed to understand the subject and its dynamics.
文摘A rapid and simple method for the determination of potyhexamethylene biguanide （polyhexanide, PHMB） in liquid and gel-like pharmaceutical formulations by means of high performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode-array detection （HPLC DAD） was devel- oped. Best separation was achieved using a cyanopropyl bonded phase （Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-CN column 4.6mm x 75 mm with particle size of 3.5 μm） as well as gradient elution consisting of acetonitrile/deionized water at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The optimized and applied chromatographic conditions permitted separation of polyhexanide from interacting raatrix with subsequent detection at a wavelength of 235 nm with good sensitivity. The method validation was carried out with regard to the guidelines for analytical procedures demanded by the International Conference on Harmonisation （ICH）. Mean recoveries of 102% and 101% for gel-like as well as liquid preparations were obtained. Suitable repeatability as well as intermediate precision could bc achieved with limits of detection ≤0.004 mg/mL for both formulations, equivalent to ≤0.004% PHMB concerning sample preparation. Determination of PHMB was accomplished without tedious sample preparation. Interacting matrix could be eliminated by the chromatographicprocedure with excellent performance of system suitability. All analytical requirements were fulfilled permitting a reliable and precise determination of PHMB in pharmaceuticals. Further- more, the developed method was applied to stability testing of pharmaceutical preparations containing PHMB.
基金funded by the European Union(ERC,SmartRust,Grant No.101123921).
文摘CONSPECTUS:The ability to gather information about materials and products,such as their origin,physicochemical properties or history of experienced environmental stimuli,is valuable for quality control,predictive maintenance,delivery tracking,recycling,and more.Integrating additives capable of recording and storing information into materials offers a flexible approach to create“materials intelligence”.Common strategies utilize luminescent markers or DNA sequences that enable object identification and environmental impact monitoring.
文摘Dengue fever is a flu-like ailment propagated by female mosquitos of the Aedes aegypti species.It is also known as dandaka jwara in Ayurveda.It is most common in the world’s subtropical and tropical climate zones.Vomiting,severe headache,nausea,rashes,joint pain,pain behind the eyes,muscle pain,and swollen glands are all common dengue symptoms.If not handled promptly,these symptoms can lead to more severe issues such as exhaustion,blood in the vomit,continuous vomiting,bleeding gums,restlessness,severe abdominal pain,and rapid bleeding.Because there is no specific medication for dengue fever,the disease is treated by eliminating and managing the symptoms.Fortunately,there are a variety of ayurvedic remedies(like Carica papaya L.,Cissampelos pareira L.,etc.)that can help to tackle the same by strengthening the immune system and controlling hyperthermia.This review article provides a comprehensive overview of dengue virus infections,clinical symptoms,diagnosis,mitigation,and treatments,focusing on ayurvedic and herbal remedies.
文摘Various vaccine platforms are geared against COVID-19 vaccine development to produce immunogens in cells.To design a recombinant protein-based COVID-19 vaccine,Vaxine pty Ltd used computer models of the spike protein and its human receptor,ACE2,to identify how the virus infects human cells.Based on this,the COVAX-19 ■vaccine is synthesized.It does reduce not only COVID-19 disease but also blocks virus shedding and transmission.Researchers are optimistic that this vaccine candidate could be clinically available soon with sufficient vaccine efficacy with a considerable amount of reduction in vaccination-related side effects.
文摘Background:Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies affecting women worldwide,emphasizing the need for effective therapeutic strategies.Phytochemicals derived from plants have gained significant attention due to their potential anticancer properties.Objective:This review aims to comprehensively assess the existing literature on using phytochemical-loaded for-mulations as a therapeutic approach for breast cancer.By analyzing the available evidence,we aim to determine the potential benefits and limitations of these formulations in terms of their anticancer activity,bioavailability,and safety.Methods:A systematic search of relevant databases was conducted to identify studies investigating phytochemical-loaded formulations in the context of breast cancer treatment.The inclusion criteria encompassed clinical trials,preclinical studies,and in-vitro experiments that reported using phytochemicals in various formulations for breast cancer treatment.Data extraction was performed to ensure the reliability and validity of the included studies.Results:The review highlights the diverse range of phytochemicals used in different formulations for breast cancer treatment.Findings suggest that these formulations exhibit promising anticancer effects by targeting mul-tiple signaling pathways in breast cancer progression,including cell proliferation,apoptosis,angiogenesis,and metastasis.Moreover,various delivery systems,such as nanoparticles,liposomes,and micelles,have enhanced phytochemicals’bioavailability and targeted delivery.Conclusion:Phytochemical-loaded formulations hold immense potential as a therapeutic approach for breast cancer treatment.The reviewed evidence indicates their ability to inhibit tumor growth,enhance chemotherapy effectiveness,and reduce adverse effects.However,further research is warranted to optimize the formulation strategies,investigate the long-term safety profiles,and conduct large-scale clinical trials to establish their efficacy and applicability in clinical settings.These findings contribute to developing novel phytochemical-based therapies for breast cancer,offering new avenues for personalized and targeted treatment options.
文摘Background:Several trials have been conducted since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic to establish possible clinical treatments for the infected individuals.However,many these approaches have failed to demonstrate positive results in human clinical trials.In the middle of this investigation,essential oils attracted interest due to their numerous benefits and possible role in management of illness.Essential oils have virucidal effects at nontoxic quantities due to their tiny molecular size,high lipophilicity,and quick commencement of action.Furthermore,the pulmonary exhalation,lower respiratory stimulus,and deep lung transport properties of essential oils increase their potential medicinal usefulness.Objective:The present review aimd to evaluate the potential efficacy of essential oil in management of COVID-19.Methods:Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis(PRISMA)guidelines,studies published in English up to January 2024 were searched in the PubMed,Scifinder,and Scopus database,using relevant keywords,such as“Essential oil and COVID-19”,“Essential Oil and Viral Infection”,etc.Those non-English articles,abstracts,conference papers,book chapters,and reviews were excluded.Results:A total of 108 potentially relevant articles were included for full-text review,with the emphasis is on scrutinizing the probable antiviral action of essential oils to inhibit the replication of viruses.We tried to provide an opinion based on different studies performed using the same concept in different corners of the world.Conclusion:Various essential oils hold a great potential to work as an adjuvant therapy in management and prevention of COVID-19.
文摘Background:Male infertility poses a growing challenge to the healthcare system,with its prevalence on the rise.Unhealthy lifestyle,food,and addictions such as smoking,alcoholism,etc.accelerate the occurrence.While several approaches are being investigated to prevent and treat this condition,each therapeutic approach has its drawbacks.Traditional medications continue to play a crucial role in the healthcare system.In recent years,there has been a shift towards determining the efficacy of phytochemicals(or,herbal drugs)as remedies.Objective:To evaluate the effect of various herbs,plant,metabolites,or a part of plant in management of non-genetic male infertility.Methods:The male infertility-associated keywords were searched in PubMed,excluding those non-English writen papers.A total of 146 pertinent and closely connected records were included for full reading and inclusion in the systemic evaluation.Results:The manuscript focuses on individual herbal drug components,their active ingredients,their role in improving the condition and quality of life,and decreasing the prevalence of male infertility.Conclusion:Herbal medicinal plants show promising outcomes to treat male infertility.Herbal alternatives are appealing and have regained popularity.The future holds promise for some of these herbal treatments to advance with many showing improved outcomes in males with infertility issues.
文摘Background:Phytochemicals encompass a diverse array of bioactive substances originating from plants,exhibit-ing a broad spectrum of possible health-promoting effects.Nonetheless,the clinical uses of these compounds are restricted due to their limited solubility,stability,bioavailability,and target selectivity.Nanotechnology-based delivery methods present a viable approach to address these problems and enhance the properties and biological activity of phytochemicals.Nanoformulations have the potential to augment the solubility,bioavailability,and pharmacokinetics of phytochemicals by means of several methods.One potential approach to enhance the surface area and solubility of phytochemicals is by lowering their particle size.The process of adsorption of surfactants onto phytochemical particles can lead to the formation of micelles,which exhibit solubility in water.Nanofor-mulations have the potential to enhance the uptake of phytochemicals across many biological barriers,including the intestinal epithelium.Objective:To study the potential of nanoformulation in enhancing the therapeutic action of phytochemicals Method:Systemic review was performed while considering some aspects of PRISM guidelines.Result:The nanoparticles have a great potential in delivering the phytochemicals and could of great help in the management of various diseases.Although,exhaustive research and clinical trials are yet demanded to provide the evidential proof for the same.Conclusion:In conclusion,the utilisation of ligand-functionalized nanoparticles enables the precise targeting of phytochemicals to particular cells or tissues.The field of nanotechnology has significant promise in transform-ing the advancement and administration of phytochemicals for medicinal and preventative applications.The utilisation of nanotechnology holds promise in addressing the obstacles related to the physicochemical charac-teristics of phytochemicals,hence enabling the development of enhanced and precise delivery systems for these advantageous molecules.
