Objective To explore how to organically integrate the human anatomy curriculum with medical imaging,thereby enhancing medical students'spatial understanding and 3D reconstruction skills,and strengthening their ana...Objective To explore how to organically integrate the human anatomy curriculum with medical imaging,thereby enhancing medical students'spatial understanding and 3D reconstruction skills,and strengthening their anatomical foundation and clinical competence.This approach aims to bridge the gap between basic science and clinical practice while cultivating clinical thinking abilities.Methods In this study,the medical imaging knowledge was introduced into the anatomy curriculum in Peking University,enabling students to better understand the human body structure and its relationship to the clinical practice with aid of the ultrasound and MRI method.After the course concluded,we evaluated the examination result and learning satisfaction data from the anatomy course.Results The result showed that students provided positive feedback,showing increased interest in learning,enhanced initiative,significant improvement in their anatomy grades(P<0.01),and a notable enhancement in their ability to apply basic knowledge to solve clinical problems(P<0.05).Conclusion The integrated teaching approach of medical imaging and human anatomy courses provides innovative ideas and practical method for medical students to learn the basic medical course and enhance their clinical skills in the future.展开更多
This study examined the development of technician teams on large-scale instrument platforms in universities,using the State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs in the Peking University School of Pharmaceuti...This study examined the development of technician teams on large-scale instrument platforms in universities,using the State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs in the Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences as a case study.Data were collected through questionnaire surveys and interviews conducted in 2017,followed by a questionnaire survey in 2023,offering both subjective and objective insights.The evolution of the platform’s technician team over the past 5 years was analyzed,highlighting key experiences and identifying ongoing challenges.Recommendations to enhance technician team development include recruiting skilled faculty,clearly defining job responsibilities,and refining the assessment and incentive systems.展开更多
Universities serve as pivotal platforms for cultivating postdoctoral talent,particularly in pharmaceutical sciences.This study provided an empirical assessment of the key determinants influencing research productivity...Universities serve as pivotal platforms for cultivating postdoctoral talent,particularly in pharmaceutical sciences.This study provided an empirical assessment of the key determinants influencing research productivity among postdoctoral fellows in this field.We analyzed a cohort of postdoctoral researchers who entered the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Peking University between October 2016 and December 2024,gathering comprehensive data on their demographic characteristics and scholarly accomplishments throughout their fellowship.Indicators of postdoctoral success encompassed securing research funding,publishing scholarly articles,and filing patent applications.To identify the principal factors shaping these outcomes,we employed logistic regression analysis.The findings demonstrated that postdoctoral fellows enrolled in incentive programs exhibited markedly higher success rates in acquiring research grants,especially high-tier funding,as well as in publishing both general and high-impact research articles.Conversely,fellows engaged in interdisciplinary research showed significantly reduced success rates in obtaining both general and high-level grants.Additionally,extended fellowship durations were positively correlated with greater likelihoods of publishing high-impact papers and achieving patents.Notably,postdoctoral fellows specializing in Pharmaceutical Analysis had a significantly higher probability of securing prestigious research grants,while those focusing on Pharmaceutics demonstrated a superior capacity for research publication.Regarding intellectual property,fellows mentored by supervisors with overseas experience were substantially more likely to obtain patents,whereas those guided by tenure-track supervisors exhibited lower patent acquisition rates.In light of these insights,we proposed several recommendations for postdoctoral management bodies within pharmaceutical academic institutions.These included refining selection criteria for postdoctoral candidates,amplifying support through incentive mechanisms,enhancing interdisciplinary fellows’integration into pharmaceutical research paradigms,and optimizing postdoctoral training frameworks to nurture academic excellence and research innovation.展开更多
Seismotectonics is one of the new research areas of seismology with its main focus on studying the detailed seismic structure of lithosphere and upper mantle using seismic records, particularly the records collected a...Seismotectonics is one of the new research areas of seismology with its main focus on studying the detailed seismic structure of lithosphere and upper mantle using seismic records, particularly the records collected at portable seismic arrays. Development of new seismic methods utilizing seismic arrays such as receiver functions, SKS-splitting analysis, body- and surface-wave tomography, and recently ambient noise tomography （Langston, 1977; Dueker and Sheehan, 1997;展开更多
In order to carry out the comprehensive reform of the professional master’s degree training mode of clinical pharmacy, we carried out interviews among 91 persons on the professional master’s degree of clinical pharm...In order to carry out the comprehensive reform of the professional master’s degree training mode of clinical pharmacy, we carried out interviews among 91 persons on the professional master’s degree of clinical pharmacy in Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and collected extensive feedback. We preliminaries explore the mode of Doctor of Pharmacy（Pharm. D.） Education, laying the foundation for Doctor’s education of professional clinical pharmacy in China. We conducted investigations and interviews among 91 clinical pharmacists and students of Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences on the training of professional master’s degree and Pharm. D. education mode, which includes 67 postgraduates and 24 clinical pharmacists. Respondents put forward the problems of training mode and corresponding suggestions and opinions from different aspects during the investigation and interview. The results mainly divide into four aspects： curriculum setting, clinical practice, assessme nt system and teaching resources. Respondents put forward effective feedback on the above four aspects, which are beneficial to the comprehensive reform of the training mode of professional master degree in clinical pharmacy and preliminary exploration of Pharm. D. Education in China.展开更多
Traditional laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is a treatment choice in many developing countries and regions for most patients with localized prostate cancer; however, no system for predicting surgical difficulty and...Traditional laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is a treatment choice in many developing countries and regions for most patients with localized prostate cancer; however, no system for predicting surgical difficulty and risk has been established. This study aimed to propose a simple and standard preoperative classification system of prostate cancer using preoperative data to predict surgical difficulty and risk and to evaluate the relationship between the data and postoperative complications. We collected data from 236 patients and divided them into three groups to evaluate and validate the relationships among preoperative, operative, and postoperative data. This new scoring system is based on the body mass index, ultrasonic prostate volume, preoperative prostate-specific antigen level, middle lobe protrusion, and clinical stage. In the scoring group, we classified 89 patients into two groups： the low-risk group （score of 〈4） and high-risk group （score of ~4）, and then compared the postoperative data between the two groups. The positive surgical margin rate was higher in the high-risk group than low-risk group. The results in validation Groups A and B were similar to those in the scoring group. The focus of our scoring system is to allow for preliminary assessment of surgical difficulty by collecting the patients＇ basic information. Urologists can easily use the scoring system to evaluate the surgical difficulty and predict the risks of a positive surgical margin and urinary incontinence in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.展开更多
A practical 2.45-GHz microwave-driven Cs-free H^- source was improved based on the experimental H^- source at Peking University（PKU）. Several structural improvements were implemented to meet the practical requiremen...A practical 2.45-GHz microwave-driven Cs-free H^- source was improved based on the experimental H^- source at Peking University（PKU）. Several structural improvements were implemented to meet the practical requirements of Xi＇an Proton Application Facility（XiPaf）. Firstly, the plasma chamber size was optimized to enhance the plasma intensity and stability. Secondly, the filter magnetic field and electron deflecting magnetic field were enhanced to reduce co-extracted electrons. Thirdly, a new two-electrode extraction system with farther electrode gap and enhanced water cooling ability to diminish spark and sputter during beam extraction was applied. At last, the direct H^- current measuring method was adopted by the arrangement of a new pair of bending magnets before Faraday cup（FC） to remove residual electrons. With these improvements, electron cyclotron resonance（ECR） magnetic field optimization experiments and operation parameter variation experiments were carried out on the H^- ion source and a maximum 8.5-mA pure H^- beam was extracted at 50 kV with the time structure of 100 Hz/0.3 ms. The root-mean-square（RMS） emittance of the beam is 0.25 Π·mm·mrad. This improved H^- source and extraction system were maintenance-free for more than 200 hours in operation.展开更多
The Chinese National Compound Library of Peking University （PKU-CNCL） is a new high-throughput screening collection aimed at driving precompetitive drug discovery and target validation, and is one of satellite libra...The Chinese National Compound Library of Peking University （PKU-CNCL） is a new high-throughput screening collection aimed at driving precompetitive drug discovery and target validation, and is one of satellite libraries of the Chinese National Compound Library （CNCL）. It is a chemical database containing binding, functional, and ADMET information for a large number of drug-like bioactive compounds. These data are manually abstracted from the primary literature on a regular basis, and further curated and standardized to maximize their quality and utility across a wide range of chemical biology and drug-discovery research problems. Currently, the database contains 54 000 bioactivity measurements for more than 100 000 compounds. Access, data downloads, and web services are available at： http：//www.pkucncl.cn.展开更多
A miniaturized 2.45 GHz permanent magnet electron cyclotron resonance（PMECR） ion source, which has the ability of producing a tens-m A H＋beam, has been built and tested at Peking University（PKU）. Its plasma chamb...A miniaturized 2.45 GHz permanent magnet electron cyclotron resonance（PMECR） ion source, which has the ability of producing a tens-m A H＋beam, has been built and tested at Peking University（PKU）. Its plasma chamber dimension is Φ30 mm×40 mm and the whole size of the ion source is Φ180 mm×130 mm. This source has a unique structure with the whole source body embedded into the extraction system. It can be operated in both continuous wave（CW） mode and pulse mode. In the CW mode, more than 20 m A hydrogen ion beam at 40 k V can be obtained with the microwave power of 180 W and about 1 m A hydrogen ion beam is produced with a microwave power of 10 W. In the pulse mode, more than50 m A hydrogen ion beam with a duty factor of 10% can be extracted when the peak microwave power is 1800 W.展开更多
Optical emission spectroscopy（OES）, as a simple in situ method without disturbing the plasma, has been performed for the plasma diagnosis of a 2.45 GHz permanent magnet electron cyclotron resonance（PMECR） ion sour...Optical emission spectroscopy（OES）, as a simple in situ method without disturbing the plasma, has been performed for the plasma diagnosis of a 2.45 GHz permanent magnet electron cyclotron resonance（PMECR） ion source at Peking University（PKU）. A spectrum measurement platform has been set up with the quartz-chamber electron cyclotron resonance（ECR） ion source [Patent Number： ZL 201110026605.4] and experiments were carried out recently. The electron temperature and electron density inside the ECR plasma chamber have been measured with the method of line intensity ratio of noble gas. Hydrogen plasma processes inside the discharge chamber are discussed based on the diagnostic results. What is more, the superiority of the method of line intensity ratio of noble gas is indicated with a comparison to line intensity ratio of hydrogen. Details will be presented in this paper.展开更多
A multi-application ion beam analysis system and some research projects performed at this system are described. The lifetime of the RF ion source for He^- is discussed.
During the first week of September, 2007, the 67th world congress of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences,jointly hosted by the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) and the Chinese Pharmaceutical
A superconducting energy recovery linac test facility(PKU-SETF)was built at Peking University,and a 2 K cryogenic system,which is the first closed-loop 2 K cryogenic system for a superconducting accelerator in China,w...A superconducting energy recovery linac test facility(PKU-SETF)was built at Peking University,and a 2 K cryogenic system,which is the first closed-loop 2 K cryogenic system for a superconducting accelerator in China,was constructed for the 1.3 GHz 3+1/2 cell dc-SRF injector.The main accelerator consists of two nine-cell TESLA-type superconducting cavities of the PKU-SETF.The commissioning and stable operation of this 2 K cryogenic system was carried out.A helium pressure stability of better than±0.1 mbar and a total refrigeration capacity of 65 W at a temperature of 2 K was reached.展开更多
A 104-MHz ladder interdigital-H radio frequency quadrupole accelerator(T-IH-RFQ)is developed for applying RFQs to heavy ion implantation and accelerator-based mass spectroscopy in recent years at the Institute of Heav...A 104-MHz ladder interdigital-H radio frequency quadrupole accelerator(T-IH-RFQ)is developed for applying RFQs to heavy ion implantation and accelerator-based mass spectroscopy in recent years at the Institute of Heavy Ion Physics,Peking University.It could accelerate ions with a mass-to-charge ratio of less than 14,from 2.9 keV/u to 35.7 keV/u within a length of 1.1 m.The T-IH-RFQ cavity operating at H21(0)mode was constructed successfully.Based on a well designed rf power feeding system,the cavity was cold measured and tested with high rf power.In the case of cold measurement,the rf properties were obtained using a vector network analyzer with the help of a perturbation capacitor.During a high power test,the inter−electrode voltage was derived from the energy spectrum of x-rays measured by a high purity Ge detector.The results show that the specific shunt impedance of the T-IH-RFQ cavity reaches 178 kΩm,which could meet the requirements of beam dynamics design.展开更多
The polymer program at Peking University(PKU)was founded by Prof.Xinde Feng in 1953,and is the earliest polymer educational and research organization in China.Nine undergraduates specialized in polymer chemistry,the e...The polymer program at Peking University(PKU)was founded by Prof.Xinde Feng in 1953,and is the earliest polymer educational and research organization in China.Nine undergraduates specialized in polymer chemistry,the earliest in China,graduated in 1955.Postgraduate education in polymer chemistry at PKU was initiated by Prof.Feng,from 1953 to 1965,he supervised 13 postgraduate students.In 1978 when China resumed Regulations on Academic Degrees,Prof.Feng recruited 8 threeyear master's degree students.Since then,PKU polymer program,under the leadership of Prof.Feng,has entered into a rapid development stage of postgraduate training.The first doctor of science degree in polymer chemistry was awarded in 1984,and two post-doctoral fellows joined PKU polymer program in 1989.展开更多
Since the sustainable development has been widely acknowledged worldwide,the sustainable campus development based on low-carbon campus construction has already become a tendency of building resource-saving and environ...Since the sustainable development has been widely acknowledged worldwide,the sustainable campus development based on low-carbon campus construction has already become a tendency of building resource-saving and environment-friendly society.It is a hot and difficult topic in the current campus planning to measure,estimate and construct low-carbon campuses.This paper calculated the ecological footprint of traffic,water,energy and daily life on the campus of Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School,obtained the energy consumption of each item on campus and individual low-carbon activities using questionnaire survey and interview,compared the data with those of other domestic and foreign campuses.The results showed that(1) Ecological footprint of Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School in 2016 was 4,269 hm^2,and per capita ecological footprint was 1.49 hm^2;(2) Total carbon emission in 2016 was 13.4×107 kg,among which power generation and food produced the most carbon emission;(3) Students had strong awareness of low-carbon life,and the main obstacles for low-carbon life were "Hard to change living habits","Greedy vanity",and "No efficiency instruction";(4) In terms of the overall proportion,control of energy consumption is the main approach of reducing campus carbon emission,which is similar to other domestic and foreign campuses.The carbon emission of daily life in Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School was significantly higher than that of foreign campuses,while that of traffic was lower.Suggestions and improvement measures were put forward in view of the existing problems.展开更多
Based on the macroanalysis of the unbalanced development of the"demand side"and the"supply side"of clinical medicine in China,this paper elucidates the stakeholders,resources,and ecosystem of the s...Based on the macroanalysis of the unbalanced development of the"demand side"and the"supply side"of clinical medicine in China,this paper elucidates the stakeholders,resources,and ecosystem of the strategic scientific and technological capacity-building and calls for a larger coverage,smoother supply chain,and more sustainable ecosystem to ensure the development of clinical medicine.Furthermore,focusing on the establishment and development of clinical reproductive health in China,the authors introduce the strategic scientific and technological capacity-building of reproductive medicine in Peking University Third Hospital,with an attempt to inform similar efforts in other fields and even the whole clinical medicine in China.展开更多
Neutron imaging techniques were investigated at Peking University based on a 4.5 MV Van de Graaff accelerator.The thermal neutron radiography,fast neutron radiography and fast neutron resonance radiography were tested...Neutron imaging techniques were investigated at Peking University based on a 4.5 MV Van de Graaff accelerator.The thermal neutron radiography,fast neutron radiography and fast neutron resonance radiography were tested.The low neutron flux limits the image quality.A new radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator based on neutron source with a yield of 1 012 n/s is being set up.展开更多
Questionnaire survey and investigation were carried out to get students’feelings and cognition about campus of Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School,and active paths of their daily routine were analyzed to fi gu...Questionnaire survey and investigation were carried out to get students’feelings and cognition about campus of Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School,and active paths of their daily routine were analyzed to fi gure out the relationship between cognition and path.Characteristics of the students’space cognition and time-space active path were analyzed,and the causes of these characteristics explored to summarize the laws of students’daily life,and provide references to know psychologic status of students.展开更多
Objective To investigate the prevalence of nutritional risk, undernutrition, overweight/obesity, and the application of nutritional support among geriatrics so as to provide evidence for whether elderly inpatients wit...Objective To investigate the prevalence of nutritional risk, undernutrition, overweight/obesity, and the application of nutritional support among geriatrics so as to provide evidence for whether elderly inpatients with undernutrition and nutritional risk should receive timely nutritional support. Methods A total of 445 elderly inpatients in the Department of Geriatrics of Peking University People’s Hospital were consecutively enrolled from July 2010 to June 2011. The Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) questionnaire was used on the second day after admission. The application of nutritional support was investigated on the 14th day or the discharge day. The relationship between the nutritional risk and nutritional support was analyzed. A NRS 2002 score ≥ 3 was defined as nutritional risk. A body mass index (BMI)< 18.5 kg/m2 was defined as malnutrition, 24.0 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 28.0 kg/m2 as overweight, and a BMI ≥ 28.0 kg/m2 as obese. Results A total of 445 patients were enrolled and 423 patients (95.1%) completed the NRS 2002. The prevalence of undernutrition and nutritional risk was 4.7% and 13.2%, respectively. Among 230 patients who were overweight/obese, the prevalence of nutritional risk was 6.1%. In total, 15 of the 56 patients (26.8%) with NRS 2002 scores ≥ 3 received nutritional support, and 14 patients (3.8%) with NRS 2002 scores < 3 also received nutritional support. The average PN: EN ratio was 1.6:1. Conclusion A certain proportion of elderly inpatients in the department of geriatrics were experiencing undernutrition or were at nutritional risk. The prevalence of nutritional risk did not increase significantly with age. The current application of nutritional therapy is inappropriate. Evidence-based guidelines are required to improve this situation. The NRS 2002 may not applicable for overweight/obese elderly inpatients.展开更多
基金2024 Higher Education Science Research Planning Project(24KC0413)Peking University Health Science Center Medical Education Research Funding Project(2023YB43)+3 种基金The University-Industry Collaborative Education Program of the Ministry of Education(220903132204624)2022 Peking University Graduate Course Construction Funding2023 Peking University Medical Graduate Course Ideological and Political Construction ProjectZhejiang Natural Science Foundation Exploration Project Q-class Funding Project(242szhfhYB25)。
文摘Objective To explore how to organically integrate the human anatomy curriculum with medical imaging,thereby enhancing medical students'spatial understanding and 3D reconstruction skills,and strengthening their anatomical foundation and clinical competence.This approach aims to bridge the gap between basic science and clinical practice while cultivating clinical thinking abilities.Methods In this study,the medical imaging knowledge was introduced into the anatomy curriculum in Peking University,enabling students to better understand the human body structure and its relationship to the clinical practice with aid of the ultrasound and MRI method.After the course concluded,we evaluated the examination result and learning satisfaction data from the anatomy course.Results The result showed that students provided positive feedback,showing increased interest in learning,enhanced initiative,significant improvement in their anatomy grades(P<0.01),and a notable enhancement in their ability to apply basic knowledge to solve clinical problems(P<0.05).Conclusion The integrated teaching approach of medical imaging and human anatomy courses provides innovative ideas and practical method for medical students to learn the basic medical course and enhance their clinical skills in the future.
文摘This study examined the development of technician teams on large-scale instrument platforms in universities,using the State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs in the Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences as a case study.Data were collected through questionnaire surveys and interviews conducted in 2017,followed by a questionnaire survey in 2023,offering both subjective and objective insights.The evolution of the platform’s technician team over the past 5 years was analyzed,highlighting key experiences and identifying ongoing challenges.Recommendations to enhance technician team development include recruiting skilled faculty,clearly defining job responsibilities,and refining the assessment and incentive systems.
文摘Universities serve as pivotal platforms for cultivating postdoctoral talent,particularly in pharmaceutical sciences.This study provided an empirical assessment of the key determinants influencing research productivity among postdoctoral fellows in this field.We analyzed a cohort of postdoctoral researchers who entered the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Peking University between October 2016 and December 2024,gathering comprehensive data on their demographic characteristics and scholarly accomplishments throughout their fellowship.Indicators of postdoctoral success encompassed securing research funding,publishing scholarly articles,and filing patent applications.To identify the principal factors shaping these outcomes,we employed logistic regression analysis.The findings demonstrated that postdoctoral fellows enrolled in incentive programs exhibited markedly higher success rates in acquiring research grants,especially high-tier funding,as well as in publishing both general and high-impact research articles.Conversely,fellows engaged in interdisciplinary research showed significantly reduced success rates in obtaining both general and high-level grants.Additionally,extended fellowship durations were positively correlated with greater likelihoods of publishing high-impact papers and achieving patents.Notably,postdoctoral fellows specializing in Pharmaceutical Analysis had a significantly higher probability of securing prestigious research grants,while those focusing on Pharmaceutics demonstrated a superior capacity for research publication.Regarding intellectual property,fellows mentored by supervisors with overseas experience were substantially more likely to obtain patents,whereas those guided by tenure-track supervisors exhibited lower patent acquisition rates.In light of these insights,we proposed several recommendations for postdoctoral management bodies within pharmaceutical academic institutions.These included refining selection criteria for postdoctoral candidates,amplifying support through incentive mechanisms,enhancing interdisciplinary fellows’integration into pharmaceutical research paradigms,and optimizing postdoctoral training frameworks to nurture academic excellence and research innovation.
文摘Seismotectonics is one of the new research areas of seismology with its main focus on studying the detailed seismic structure of lithosphere and upper mantle using seismic records, particularly the records collected at portable seismic arrays. Development of new seismic methods utilizing seismic arrays such as receiver functions, SKS-splitting analysis, body- and surface-wave tomography, and recently ambient noise tomography （Langston, 1977; Dueker and Sheehan, 1997;
文摘In order to carry out the comprehensive reform of the professional master’s degree training mode of clinical pharmacy, we carried out interviews among 91 persons on the professional master’s degree of clinical pharmacy in Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and collected extensive feedback. We preliminaries explore the mode of Doctor of Pharmacy（Pharm. D.） Education, laying the foundation for Doctor’s education of professional clinical pharmacy in China. We conducted investigations and interviews among 91 clinical pharmacists and students of Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences on the training of professional master’s degree and Pharm. D. education mode, which includes 67 postgraduates and 24 clinical pharmacists. Respondents put forward the problems of training mode and corresponding suggestions and opinions from different aspects during the investigation and interview. The results mainly divide into four aspects： curriculum setting, clinical practice, assessme nt system and teaching resources. Respondents put forward effective feedback on the above four aspects, which are beneficial to the comprehensive reform of the training mode of professional master degree in clinical pharmacy and preliminary exploration of Pharm. D. Education in China.
文摘Traditional laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is a treatment choice in many developing countries and regions for most patients with localized prostate cancer; however, no system for predicting surgical difficulty and risk has been established. This study aimed to propose a simple and standard preoperative classification system of prostate cancer using preoperative data to predict surgical difficulty and risk and to evaluate the relationship between the data and postoperative complications. We collected data from 236 patients and divided them into three groups to evaluate and validate the relationships among preoperative, operative, and postoperative data. This new scoring system is based on the body mass index, ultrasonic prostate volume, preoperative prostate-specific antigen level, middle lobe protrusion, and clinical stage. In the scoring group, we classified 89 patients into two groups： the low-risk group （score of 〈4） and high-risk group （score of ~4）, and then compared the postoperative data between the two groups. The positive surgical margin rate was higher in the high-risk group than low-risk group. The results in validation Groups A and B were similar to those in the scoring group. The focus of our scoring system is to allow for preliminary assessment of surgical difficulty by collecting the patients＇ basic information. Urologists can easily use the scoring system to evaluate the surgical difficulty and predict the risks of a positive surgical margin and urinary incontinence in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11775007 and 11575013)
文摘A practical 2.45-GHz microwave-driven Cs-free H^- source was improved based on the experimental H^- source at Peking University（PKU）. Several structural improvements were implemented to meet the practical requirements of Xi＇an Proton Application Facility（XiPaf）. Firstly, the plasma chamber size was optimized to enhance the plasma intensity and stability. Secondly, the filter magnetic field and electron deflecting magnetic field were enhanced to reduce co-extracted electrons. Thirdly, a new two-electrode extraction system with farther electrode gap and enhanced water cooling ability to diminish spark and sputter during beam extraction was applied. At last, the direct H^- current measuring method was adopted by the arrangement of a new pair of bending magnets before Faraday cup（FC） to remove residual electrons. With these improvements, electron cyclotron resonance（ECR） magnetic field optimization experiments and operation parameter variation experiments were carried out on the H^- ion source and a maximum 8.5-mA pure H^- beam was extracted at 50 kV with the time structure of 100 Hz/0.3 ms. The root-mean-square（RMS） emittance of the beam is 0.25 Π·mm·mrad. This improved H^- source and extraction system were maintenance-free for more than 200 hours in operation.
基金National High Technology Research and Development Program 863(Grant No.2012AA020308)grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21272017)"Significant new drugs creation" special science and Technology Major project for Chinese National Chemical Library(CNCL)
文摘The Chinese National Compound Library of Peking University （PKU-CNCL） is a new high-throughput screening collection aimed at driving precompetitive drug discovery and target validation, and is one of satellite libraries of the Chinese National Compound Library （CNCL）. It is a chemical database containing binding, functional, and ADMET information for a large number of drug-like bioactive compounds. These data are manually abstracted from the primary literature on a regular basis, and further curated and standardized to maximize their quality and utility across a wide range of chemical biology and drug-discovery research problems. Currently, the database contains 54 000 bioactivity measurements for more than 100 000 compounds. Access, data downloads, and web services are available at： http：//www.pkucncl.cn.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2014CB845502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11575013)
文摘A miniaturized 2.45 GHz permanent magnet electron cyclotron resonance（PMECR） ion source, which has the ability of producing a tens-m A H＋beam, has been built and tested at Peking University（PKU）. Its plasma chamber dimension is Φ30 mm×40 mm and the whole size of the ion source is Φ180 mm×130 mm. This source has a unique structure with the whole source body embedded into the extraction system. It can be operated in both continuous wave（CW） mode and pulse mode. In the CW mode, more than 20 m A hydrogen ion beam at 40 k V can be obtained with the microwave power of 180 W and about 1 m A hydrogen ion beam is produced with a microwave power of 10 W. In the pulse mode, more than50 m A hydrogen ion beam with a duty factor of 10% can be extracted when the peak microwave power is 1800 W.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11175009 and 11575013)
文摘Optical emission spectroscopy（OES）, as a simple in situ method without disturbing the plasma, has been performed for the plasma diagnosis of a 2.45 GHz permanent magnet electron cyclotron resonance（PMECR） ion source at Peking University（PKU）. A spectrum measurement platform has been set up with the quartz-chamber electron cyclotron resonance（ECR） ion source [Patent Number： ZL 201110026605.4] and experiments were carried out recently. The electron temperature and electron density inside the ECR plasma chamber have been measured with the method of line intensity ratio of noble gas. Hydrogen plasma processes inside the discharge chamber are discussed based on the diagnostic results. What is more, the superiority of the method of line intensity ratio of noble gas is indicated with a comparison to line intensity ratio of hydrogen. Details will be presented in this paper.
文摘A multi-application ion beam analysis system and some research projects performed at this system are described. The lifetime of the RF ion source for He^- is discussed.
文摘During the first week of September, 2007, the 67th world congress of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences,jointly hosted by the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) and the Chinese Pharmaceutical
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Project(973)under Grant Nos 2011CB808303 and 2011CB808304.
文摘A superconducting energy recovery linac test facility(PKU-SETF)was built at Peking University,and a 2 K cryogenic system,which is the first closed-loop 2 K cryogenic system for a superconducting accelerator in China,was constructed for the 1.3 GHz 3+1/2 cell dc-SRF injector.The main accelerator consists of two nine-cell TESLA-type superconducting cavities of the PKU-SETF.The commissioning and stable operation of this 2 K cryogenic system was carried out.A helium pressure stability of better than±0.1 mbar and a total refrigeration capacity of 65 W at a temperature of 2 K was reached.
基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10775009 and 11079001.Y.C.Nie would like to thank the China Scholarship Council(CSC)for financial support when he was in Frankfurt.
文摘A 104-MHz ladder interdigital-H radio frequency quadrupole accelerator(T-IH-RFQ)is developed for applying RFQs to heavy ion implantation and accelerator-based mass spectroscopy in recent years at the Institute of Heavy Ion Physics,Peking University.It could accelerate ions with a mass-to-charge ratio of less than 14,from 2.9 keV/u to 35.7 keV/u within a length of 1.1 m.The T-IH-RFQ cavity operating at H21(0)mode was constructed successfully.Based on a well designed rf power feeding system,the cavity was cold measured and tested with high rf power.In the case of cold measurement,the rf properties were obtained using a vector network analyzer with the help of a perturbation capacitor.During a high power test,the inter−electrode voltage was derived from the energy spectrum of x-rays measured by a high purity Ge detector.The results show that the specific shunt impedance of the T-IH-RFQ cavity reaches 178 kΩm,which could meet the requirements of beam dynamics design.
文摘The polymer program at Peking University(PKU)was founded by Prof.Xinde Feng in 1953,and is the earliest polymer educational and research organization in China.Nine undergraduates specialized in polymer chemistry,the earliest in China,graduated in 1955.Postgraduate education in polymer chemistry at PKU was initiated by Prof.Feng,from 1953 to 1965,he supervised 13 postgraduate students.In 1978 when China resumed Regulations on Academic Degrees,Prof.Feng recruited 8 threeyear master's degree students.Since then,PKU polymer program,under the leadership of Prof.Feng,has entered into a rapid development stage of postgraduate training.The first doctor of science degree in polymer chemistry was awarded in 1984,and two post-doctoral fellows joined PKU polymer program in 1989.
文摘Since the sustainable development has been widely acknowledged worldwide,the sustainable campus development based on low-carbon campus construction has already become a tendency of building resource-saving and environment-friendly society.It is a hot and difficult topic in the current campus planning to measure,estimate and construct low-carbon campuses.This paper calculated the ecological footprint of traffic,water,energy and daily life on the campus of Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School,obtained the energy consumption of each item on campus and individual low-carbon activities using questionnaire survey and interview,compared the data with those of other domestic and foreign campuses.The results showed that(1) Ecological footprint of Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School in 2016 was 4,269 hm^2,and per capita ecological footprint was 1.49 hm^2;(2) Total carbon emission in 2016 was 13.4×107 kg,among which power generation and food produced the most carbon emission;(3) Students had strong awareness of low-carbon life,and the main obstacles for low-carbon life were "Hard to change living habits","Greedy vanity",and "No efficiency instruction";(4) In terms of the overall proportion,control of energy consumption is the main approach of reducing campus carbon emission,which is similar to other domestic and foreign campuses.The carbon emission of daily life in Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School was significantly higher than that of foreign campuses,while that of traffic was lower.Suggestions and improvement measures were put forward in view of the existing problems.
文摘Based on the macroanalysis of the unbalanced development of the"demand side"and the"supply side"of clinical medicine in China,this paper elucidates the stakeholders,resources,and ecosystem of the strategic scientific and technological capacity-building and calls for a larger coverage,smoother supply chain,and more sustainable ecosystem to ensure the development of clinical medicine.Furthermore,focusing on the establishment and development of clinical reproductive health in China,the authors introduce the strategic scientific and technological capacity-building of reproductive medicine in Peking University Third Hospital,with an attempt to inform similar efforts in other fields and even the whole clinical medicine in China.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10735020No.10575006)
文摘Neutron imaging techniques were investigated at Peking University based on a 4.5 MV Van de Graaff accelerator.The thermal neutron radiography,fast neutron radiography and fast neutron resonance radiography were tested.The low neutron flux limits the image quality.A new radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator based on neutron source with a yield of 1 012 n/s is being set up.
文摘Questionnaire survey and investigation were carried out to get students’feelings and cognition about campus of Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School,and active paths of their daily routine were analyzed to fi gure out the relationship between cognition and path.Characteristics of the students’space cognition and time-space active path were analyzed,and the causes of these characteristics explored to summarize the laws of students’daily life,and provide references to know psychologic status of students.
文摘Objective To investigate the prevalence of nutritional risk, undernutrition, overweight/obesity, and the application of nutritional support among geriatrics so as to provide evidence for whether elderly inpatients with undernutrition and nutritional risk should receive timely nutritional support. Methods A total of 445 elderly inpatients in the Department of Geriatrics of Peking University People’s Hospital were consecutively enrolled from July 2010 to June 2011. The Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) questionnaire was used on the second day after admission. The application of nutritional support was investigated on the 14th day or the discharge day. The relationship between the nutritional risk and nutritional support was analyzed. A NRS 2002 score ≥ 3 was defined as nutritional risk. A body mass index (BMI)< 18.5 kg/m2 was defined as malnutrition, 24.0 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 28.0 kg/m2 as overweight, and a BMI ≥ 28.0 kg/m2 as obese. Results A total of 445 patients were enrolled and 423 patients (95.1%) completed the NRS 2002. The prevalence of undernutrition and nutritional risk was 4.7% and 13.2%, respectively. Among 230 patients who were overweight/obese, the prevalence of nutritional risk was 6.1%. In total, 15 of the 56 patients (26.8%) with NRS 2002 scores ≥ 3 received nutritional support, and 14 patients (3.8%) with NRS 2002 scores < 3 also received nutritional support. The average PN: EN ratio was 1.6:1. Conclusion A certain proportion of elderly inpatients in the department of geriatrics were experiencing undernutrition or were at nutritional risk. The prevalence of nutritional risk did not increase significantly with age. The current application of nutritional therapy is inappropriate. Evidence-based guidelines are required to improve this situation. The NRS 2002 may not applicable for overweight/obese elderly inpatients.
