Children are less susceptible to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and they have manifested lower morbidity and mortality after infection, for which a multitude of mechanisms may be considered. Whether the normal d...Children are less susceptible to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and they have manifested lower morbidity and mortality after infection, for which a multitude of mechanisms may be considered. Whether the normal development of the gut-airway microbiome in children is affected by COVID-19 has not been evaluated. Here, we demonstrate that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)infection alters the upper respiratory tract and the gut microbiomes in nine children. The alteration of the microbiome is dominated by the genus Pseudomonas, and it sustains for up to 25e58 days in different individuals. Moreover, the patterns of alternation are different between the upper respiratory tract and the gut. Longitudinal investigation shows that the upper respiratory tract and the gut microbiomes are extremely variable among children during the course of COVID-19. The dysbiosis of microbiome persists in7 of 8 children for at least 19e24 days after discharge from the hospital. Disturbed development of both the gut and the upper respiratory microbiomes and prolonged dysbiosis in these nine children imply possible long-term complications after clinical recovery from COVID-19, such as predisposition to the increased health risk in the post-COVID-19 era.展开更多
Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia and borders Thailand,Myanmar and Cambodia,the three countries in this region that have been hardest hit by human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).Laos has been regarded...Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia and borders Thailand,Myanmar and Cambodia,the three countries in this region that have been hardest hit by human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).Laos has been regarded as a low-HIVprevalence country for decades.To understand the status of HIV in Laos in recent years,a retrospective study was performed among 2851 patients visiting a hospital in Vientiane,the capital of Laos,from November 2011 to May 2012.Whole blood samples were obtained from the patients,and DNA was extracted.HIV status was determined by HIV gag fragment-specific PCR assay.Sixty-nine samples were detected as HIV proviral DNA positive with a positive rate of 2.4%(69/2851).Sixty-one near full-length genomic sequences were obtained from the positive samples.The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that the vast majority(91.8%)of the HIV strains belonged to CRF01AE,and the other five(8.2%)strains were identified as a new HIV circulating recombinant form CRF9701B,which had a CRF01AE backbone with an insertion of subtype B in the gag-pol region.Phylogeographic analysis revealed that HIV CRF01AE circulating in Laos were multiply introduced from Thailand.These results indicated that Laos might be suffering a considerably more serious impact of HIV than previously believed.To keep this country from undergoing the same increase in HIV prevalence observed in its neighbors,immediate intervention measures and sufficient epidemiological research are urgently needed.展开更多
Dear Editor,Since early December 2019, a large outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus(COVID-19) had emerged in Wuhan, China(Wu et al. 2020 a, b;Zhou et al. 2020;Zhu et al. 2020;Jiang and Shi 2020). Simila...Dear Editor,Since early December 2019, a large outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus(COVID-19) had emerged in Wuhan, China(Wu et al. 2020 a, b;Zhou et al. 2020;Zhu et al. 2020;Jiang and Shi 2020). Similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV),the new coronavirus also belongs to Betacoronavirus。展开更多
In the original version of this article,the legend to Figure 1 was incorrect.The corrected legend is given below.Fig.1 A Location of the primers in SARS-CoV-2 genome.B Sequence comparison among seven human coronavirus...In the original version of this article,the legend to Figure 1 was incorrect.The corrected legend is given below.Fig.1 A Location of the primers in SARS-CoV-2 genome.B Sequence comparison among seven human coronaviruses(SARS-CoV-2,SARS-CoV,MERS-CoV,HCoVOC43,HCoV-HKU-1,HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E).C Cross-reactivity test of the novel SARS-CoV-2 RTLAMP assay to other common respiratory viruses.Tested common respiratory viruses include HCoV-HKU-1,HCoV-NL63,HCoV-OC43,HCoV-229E,influenza A,B,and C viruses,parainfluenza viruses type 1-3,enterovirus,respiratory syncytial virus A and B groups,human rhinovirus,human metapneumovirus,adenovirus and bocavirus.展开更多
基金supported by the grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC2000500 and 2017ZX10103009002)Major Science and Technology Project in Yunnan Province of China (202001BB050001)+3 种基金the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (STEP) program (2019QZKK0503)the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (FZDSW219)the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation of China (31970571)grants specific for coronavirus disease 2019 from the Children’s Hospital of Fudan University (EKXGZX006)。
文摘Children are less susceptible to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and they have manifested lower morbidity and mortality after infection, for which a multitude of mechanisms may be considered. Whether the normal development of the gut-airway microbiome in children is affected by COVID-19 has not been evaluated. Here, we demonstrate that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)infection alters the upper respiratory tract and the gut microbiomes in nine children. The alteration of the microbiome is dominated by the genus Pseudomonas, and it sustains for up to 25e58 days in different individuals. Moreover, the patterns of alternation are different between the upper respiratory tract and the gut. Longitudinal investigation shows that the upper respiratory tract and the gut microbiomes are extremely variable among children during the course of COVID-19. The dysbiosis of microbiome persists in7 of 8 children for at least 19e24 days after discharge from the hospital. Disturbed development of both the gut and the upper respiratory microbiomes and prolonged dysbiosis in these nine children imply possible long-term complications after clinical recovery from COVID-19, such as predisposition to the increased health risk in the post-COVID-19 era.
基金supported in part by Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1302224,81601802,81271892,81902106)
文摘Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia and borders Thailand,Myanmar and Cambodia,the three countries in this region that have been hardest hit by human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).Laos has been regarded as a low-HIVprevalence country for decades.To understand the status of HIV in Laos in recent years,a retrospective study was performed among 2851 patients visiting a hospital in Vientiane,the capital of Laos,from November 2011 to May 2012.Whole blood samples were obtained from the patients,and DNA was extracted.HIV status was determined by HIV gag fragment-specific PCR assay.Sixty-nine samples were detected as HIV proviral DNA positive with a positive rate of 2.4%(69/2851).Sixty-one near full-length genomic sequences were obtained from the positive samples.The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that the vast majority(91.8%)of the HIV strains belonged to CRF01AE,and the other five(8.2%)strains were identified as a new HIV circulating recombinant form CRF9701B,which had a CRF01AE backbone with an insertion of subtype B in the gag-pol region.Phylogeographic analysis revealed that HIV CRF01AE circulating in Laos were multiply introduced from Thailand.These results indicated that Laos might be suffering a considerably more serious impact of HIV than previously believed.To keep this country from undergoing the same increase in HIV prevalence observed in its neighbors,immediate intervention measures and sufficient epidemiological research are urgently needed.
基金supported by the grants from the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (2019YFC1200603, 2017ZX10103009-002)。
文摘Dear Editor,Since early December 2019, a large outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus(COVID-19) had emerged in Wuhan, China(Wu et al. 2020 a, b;Zhou et al. 2020;Zhu et al. 2020;Jiang and Shi 2020). Similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV),the new coronavirus also belongs to Betacoronavirus。
文摘In the original version of this article,the legend to Figure 1 was incorrect.The corrected legend is given below.Fig.1 A Location of the primers in SARS-CoV-2 genome.B Sequence comparison among seven human coronaviruses(SARS-CoV-2,SARS-CoV,MERS-CoV,HCoVOC43,HCoV-HKU-1,HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E).C Cross-reactivity test of the novel SARS-CoV-2 RTLAMP assay to other common respiratory viruses.Tested common respiratory viruses include HCoV-HKU-1,HCoV-NL63,HCoV-OC43,HCoV-229E,influenza A,B,and C viruses,parainfluenza viruses type 1-3,enterovirus,respiratory syncytial virus A and B groups,human rhinovirus,human metapneumovirus,adenovirus and bocavirus.
