基于有限元法对比十字形调谐质量阻尼器(cross-type tuned mass damper,CTMD)、X形调谐质量阻尼器(X-type tuned mass damper,XTMD)及旋风形调谐质量阻尼器(tourbillion-type tuned mass damper,TTMD)在钢框架结构中的减震性能。建立钢...基于有限元法对比十字形调谐质量阻尼器(cross-type tuned mass damper,CTMD)、X形调谐质量阻尼器(X-type tuned mass damper,XTMD)及旋风形调谐质量阻尼器(tourbillion-type tuned mass damper,TTMD)在钢框架结构中的减震性能。建立钢框架结构模型,结合3种调谐质量阻尼器(tuned mass damper,TMD)构造形式,评估其在地震作用下的位移、加速度及弹簧出力特性。结果表明:3种TMD均能有效降低结构动力响应,其中TTMD综合性能最优,其Y向加速度减震率达97.09%,X向加速度减震率为72.4%,弹簧双向均衡出力对称性最优。展开更多
Toroidal torques,generated by the resonant magnetic perturbation(RMP)and acting on the plasma column,are numerically systematically investigated for an ITER baseline scenario.The neoclassical toroidal viscosity(NTV),i...Toroidal torques,generated by the resonant magnetic perturbation(RMP)and acting on the plasma column,are numerically systematically investigated for an ITER baseline scenario.The neoclassical toroidal viscosity(NTV),in particular the resonant portion,is found to provide the dominant contribution to the total toroidal torque under the slow plasma flow regime in ITER.While the electromagnetic torque always opposes the plasma flow,the toroidal torque associated with the Reynolds stress enhances the plasma flow independent of the flow direction.A peculiar double-peak structure for the net NTV torque is robustly computed for ITER,as the toroidal rotation frequency is scanned near the zero value.This structure is found to be ultimately due to a non-monotonic behavior of the wave-particle resonance integral(over the particle pitch angle)in the superbanana plateau NTV regime in ITER.These findings are qualitatively insensitive to variations of a range of factors including the wall resistivity,the plasma pedestal flow and the assumed frequency of the rotating RMP field.展开更多
Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a rare type of cancer which arises from the bile duct epithelium and carries a poor prognosis.One of the main risk factors in the Western world is primary sclerosing cholangitis.Surgical rese...Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a rare type of cancer which arises from the bile duct epithelium and carries a poor prognosis.One of the main risk factors in the Western world is primary sclerosing cholangitis.Surgical resection has traditionally been the only curative treatment but can only be offered to patients with early disease,excluding those with locally advanced disease.Despite initial poor outcomes,liver transplantation(LT)has evolved as a viable treatment for a select group of patients with CCAs that are deemed unresectable.This review aims to explore the evolution of the role of LT in patients with CCA.展开更多
Despite the proven beneficial role of type 2 cytokines in diabetes and obesity,IL-9,a predominant Th2 cytokine,has not been investigated in this context.The present study characterized the role of IL-9 signaling in ob...Despite the proven beneficial role of type 2 cytokines in diabetes and obesity,IL-9,a predominant Th2 cytokine,has not been investigated in this context.The present study characterized the role of IL-9 signaling in obesity and metabolic dysfunction.We found decreased IL-9 levels in human type 2 diabetes patients and decreased IL-9 signaling in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obese mice.On the other hand,recombinant IL-9(rIL-9)treatment reversed insulin insensitivity and inflammation following HFD consumption.IL-9R knockout(KO)mice fed a HFD presented faster weight gain,impaired glucose and insulin tolerance,defective insulin signaling,increased adipocyte size,and decreased energy expenditure.In the adipose tissue of HFD-fed IL-9R KO mice,a significant increase in the number of CD11c+macrophages and a decrease in the number of RELMα+macrophages,eosinophils and ILC2s were observed,along with increased TNF,decreased adiponectin production and increased expression of NLRP3.In vitro treatment of human and mouse macrophages with rIL-9 decreased the release of NLRP3-induced IL-1βand IL-18.In vivo treatment of HFD-fed IL-9R KO mice with a pharmacological inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome rescued body weight,insulin sensitivity and adipose tissue inflammation.Mechanistically,the STAT5 protein was found to be important for the IL-9-induced inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome in adipose tissue.In addition,we also demonstrated a potential role for IL-9 in the protective effects of helminth immunomodulation during obesity and insulin resistance in filaria-infected humans and in an animal model.Taken together,the results of this study highlight that IL-9 signaling improves insulin signaling by inhibiting NLRP3-induced inflammation.展开更多
文摘基于有限元法对比十字形调谐质量阻尼器(cross-type tuned mass damper,CTMD)、X形调谐质量阻尼器(X-type tuned mass damper,XTMD)及旋风形调谐质量阻尼器(tourbillion-type tuned mass damper,TTMD)在钢框架结构中的减震性能。建立钢框架结构模型,结合3种调谐质量阻尼器(tuned mass damper,TMD)构造形式,评估其在地震作用下的位移、加速度及弹簧出力特性。结果表明:3种TMD均能有效降低结构动力响应,其中TTMD综合性能最优,其Y向加速度减震率达97.09%,X向加速度减震率为72.4%,弹簧双向均衡出力对称性最优。
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.12075053,11505021 and 11975068)by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFE 03060002)+1 种基金by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2232024G-10)supported by the U.S.DoE Office of Science(No.DE-FG02–95ER54309)。
文摘Toroidal torques,generated by the resonant magnetic perturbation(RMP)and acting on the plasma column,are numerically systematically investigated for an ITER baseline scenario.The neoclassical toroidal viscosity(NTV),in particular the resonant portion,is found to provide the dominant contribution to the total toroidal torque under the slow plasma flow regime in ITER.While the electromagnetic torque always opposes the plasma flow,the toroidal torque associated with the Reynolds stress enhances the plasma flow independent of the flow direction.A peculiar double-peak structure for the net NTV torque is robustly computed for ITER,as the toroidal rotation frequency is scanned near the zero value.This structure is found to be ultimately due to a non-monotonic behavior of the wave-particle resonance integral(over the particle pitch angle)in the superbanana plateau NTV regime in ITER.These findings are qualitatively insensitive to variations of a range of factors including the wall resistivity,the plasma pedestal flow and the assumed frequency of the rotating RMP field.
文摘Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a rare type of cancer which arises from the bile duct epithelium and carries a poor prognosis.One of the main risk factors in the Western world is primary sclerosing cholangitis.Surgical resection has traditionally been the only curative treatment but can only be offered to patients with early disease,excluding those with locally advanced disease.Despite initial poor outcomes,liver transplantation(LT)has evolved as a viable treatment for a select group of patients with CCAs that are deemed unresectable.This review aims to explore the evolution of the role of LT in patients with CCA.
基金IK received funding from the BONFOR Research Funding program(2020-1B-05),University Hospital Bonn,Germany,and“Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft”(DFG)(GZ:KA 5869/1-1Principal Investigator Grant),Germany.AH,MPH,and FAS are funded by the DFG under Germany's Excellence Strategy-EXC2151-390873048-and MPH received DFG funding within the“African-German Cooperation Projects in Infectiology”(HU 2144/4-1).MPH received funding from the Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung(TTU 09.701).S.Wanji is a Senior Fellow Plus of EDCTP2(TMA2019SFP-2814).Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
文摘Despite the proven beneficial role of type 2 cytokines in diabetes and obesity,IL-9,a predominant Th2 cytokine,has not been investigated in this context.The present study characterized the role of IL-9 signaling in obesity and metabolic dysfunction.We found decreased IL-9 levels in human type 2 diabetes patients and decreased IL-9 signaling in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obese mice.On the other hand,recombinant IL-9(rIL-9)treatment reversed insulin insensitivity and inflammation following HFD consumption.IL-9R knockout(KO)mice fed a HFD presented faster weight gain,impaired glucose and insulin tolerance,defective insulin signaling,increased adipocyte size,and decreased energy expenditure.In the adipose tissue of HFD-fed IL-9R KO mice,a significant increase in the number of CD11c+macrophages and a decrease in the number of RELMα+macrophages,eosinophils and ILC2s were observed,along with increased TNF,decreased adiponectin production and increased expression of NLRP3.In vitro treatment of human and mouse macrophages with rIL-9 decreased the release of NLRP3-induced IL-1βand IL-18.In vivo treatment of HFD-fed IL-9R KO mice with a pharmacological inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome rescued body weight,insulin sensitivity and adipose tissue inflammation.Mechanistically,the STAT5 protein was found to be important for the IL-9-induced inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome in adipose tissue.In addition,we also demonstrated a potential role for IL-9 in the protective effects of helminth immunomodulation during obesity and insulin resistance in filaria-infected humans and in an animal model.Taken together,the results of this study highlight that IL-9 signaling improves insulin signaling by inhibiting NLRP3-induced inflammation.
