Background: Patients with rheumatic diseases have profound alterations in the immune system as a result of underlying diseases and the treatments used, which increases the risk of occurrence and severity of infections...Background: Patients with rheumatic diseases have profound alterations in the immune system as a result of underlying diseases and the treatments used, which increases the risk of occurrence and severity of infections, including enteroparasitosis. The current treatment for rheumatoid arthritis involves immunosuppressive therapies powerfully needed for screening infectious processes. The prevalence of parasitic infections in rheumatoid arthritis patients is not currently documented in literature. The objective of the current study was to determine the prevalence of parasitic diseases in a population with RA. Methods: We collected demographic and socioeconomic data from 67 patients at the Hospital Universitário de Brasília from July 2015 to April 2016. All patients underwent a parasitological examination of their stool and multiple variables were analyzed using Poisson regression method. Results: The mean age of patients was 53.9 years. They were predominantly in women (94%) and caucasian (47.8%). The mean disease duration was 9.2 years and most patients had the disease in remission or light activity. The prevalence of parasitic infections in these patients was 11.9%, all cases being that of protozoa of the following species: Endolimax nana, Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba coli. The final multivariate analysis indicated that the presence of disease had a significant statistical relationship between the presence of enteroparasitosis and rheumatoid arthritis with no fatigue by VAS (p = 0.0488) and best current health index by VAS (p = 0.0012). Conclusion: This study indicates that the prevalence of enteroparasitoses in a population with Rheumatoid Arthritis was 11.9% and all cases were found of protozoa.展开更多
Non-human primates(NHPs)serve as necessary reservoir hosts of parasites that create diseases to human.A close interaction between human and NHP can make a pathway for transmission of zoonotic diseases.To prevent zoono...Non-human primates(NHPs)serve as necessary reservoir hosts of parasites that create diseases to human.A close interaction between human and NHP can make a pathway for transmission of zoonotic diseases.To prevent zoonotic infection of zoo keepers,park visitors as well as keeping the captive NHPs in healthy state,it is necessary to carry out regular parasitological examination and treatment.A total of 72 fecal samples of Olive Baboon(n=39)and Common Langur(n=33)irrespective of their age and sex were collected from two zoological gardens of Bangladesh.Eggs and oocysts of seven gastrointestinal(GI)parasites were observed and identified in samples of both host species.The prevalence of GI parasites recorded was 100%.In case of Olive Baboon,the protozoan prevalence was higher(53.83%)than that of helminths,but opposite scenario was seen in case of Common Langur.Besides,higher intensity of coccidian oocysts in both hosts was recorded in the study.展开更多
Esophageal stricture refers to a pathological narrowing of the esophageal lumen,causing dysphagia and impairing the patient's quality of life.There are various etiologies including esophageal malignancy,peptic inj...Esophageal stricture refers to a pathological narrowing of the esophageal lumen,causing dysphagia and impairing the patient's quality of life.There are various etiologies including esophageal malignancy,peptic injury,caustic ingestion,postsurgical anastomosis,radiation therapy,and inflammatory disorders such as eosinophilic esophagitis.The primary goal in managing esophageal strictures is to relieve dysphagia by maintaining luminal patency.Endoscopic dilation remains the mainstay of treatment for most benign strictures,with either bougie or balloon dilators.For patients who develop refractory or recurrent strictures that are difficult to manage with dilation alone,adjunctive therapies like intralesional steroid injections,topical or injected mitomycin C,incisional therapy,stent placement,and finally surgery may enhance outcomes and reduce the frequency of repeat procedures.The present review focuses on the basics of dilation and adjunctive strategies for the management of esophageal stricture.展开更多
Ultra-processed foods(UPFs)are believed to contribute to the development of multiple chronic inflammatory diseases,including inflammatory bowel diseases and metabolic syndrome,based on epidemiological studies and emer...Ultra-processed foods(UPFs)are believed to contribute to the development of multiple chronic inflammatory diseases,including inflammatory bowel diseases and metabolic syndrome,based on epidemiological studies and emerging preclinical and clinical research.Several aspects of food processing and for-mulation in the development of chronic inflammatory diseases are currently being studied.Ongoing research emphasizes epidemiological evidence and mechanistic insights regarding UPFs and their interaction with the intestinal microbiota.In this review,we explore UPFs,their interaction with the intestinal microbiota,and the implications for gastrointestinal health.展开更多
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder influenced by both behavioral and genetic factors.Among epigenetic regulators,the ANRIL gene has been proposed as a risk factor for periodontitis;however,fin...BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder influenced by both behavioral and genetic factors.Among epigenetic regulators,the ANRIL gene has been proposed as a risk factor for periodontitis;however,findings on the association between ANRIL polymorphisms and disease susceptibility remain inconsistent.AIM To analyze the association between the rs1333048 genetic polymorphism in the ANRIL gene and periodontitis via meta-analysis.METHODS A literature search was performed for studies published before May 2,2025.The Review Manager statistical program was used in analyses with calculations of heterogeneity index(I^(2))and odds ratio(OR)with 95%of confidence intervals(CI).Begg’s test and the Egger’s linear regression test were used for publication bias evaluation using Comprehensive meta-analysis software.P<0.05 was considered significant.da Silva FRP et al.ANRIL gene and periodontitis:A meta-analysis WJMA https://www.wjgnet.com 2 December 18,2025 Volume 13 Issue 4 RESULTS From 12 studies including 5489 participants across multiple ethnic groups,we observed a statistically significant association between ANRIL gene polymorphisms and periodontitis in the allelic contrast model(OR=1.2495%CI:1.15-1.34,P<0.00001).Conversely,the wild-type allele was significantly associated with the control group(OR=0.8095%CI:0.75-0.87,P<0.00001).Heterogeneity was low(I²=28%,Pheterogeneity=0.17),and no significant risk of publication bias was detected(P>0.05).CONCLUSION In conclusion,this meta-analysis demonstrated a significant association between the rs1333048 polymorphism and periodontitis in the overall analysis and in stratified analyses of Caucasian populations,but in for mixed-race populations.展开更多
We study the confinement of a spinless charged particle to a spherical quantum dot under the influence of a linear electric field.The spherical quantum dot is described by a short-range potential given by the power-ex...We study the confinement of a spinless charged particle to a spherical quantum dot under the influence of a linear electric field.The spherical quantum dot is described by a short-range potential given by the power-exponential potential.Then,by analysing the region near the spherical quantum dot centre,we discuss two cases where the energy levels can be obtained for s-waves and how the linear electric field modifies the spectrum of energy of the spherical quantum dot.展开更多
Rocky outcrops function as island-like environmental filters and pivotal ecological refuges for local and regional biodiversity,with their inherent topographic and microclimatic dynamics directly shaping vegetation co...Rocky outcrops function as island-like environmental filters and pivotal ecological refuges for local and regional biodiversity,with their inherent topographic and microclimatic dynamics directly shaping vegetation composition and distribution across slopes.This study inventoried the flora of a rocky outcrop slope within Brazil's Caatinga biome,a seasonally dry tropical forest,to analyze species distribution patterns and their relationship with microtopographic conditions.The slope was stratified into base,middle and top segments according to slope gradient,with specimens collected over seven months of field expeditions,followed by taxonomic processing to compile a floristic inventory.The survey documented 60 species,53 genera,and 28 families,with Fabaceae,Euphorbiaceae,and Malvaceae emerging as the most representative families;herbaceous species dominated,followed by trees and shrubs.Species richness declined along the topographic gradient as altitude increased,with 43%of flora comprising species widespread across Brazilian biomes and 20%endemic to the Caatinga.Variations in species distribution across slope positions suggest that topographic heterogeneity may drive distinct pedological and microclimatic conditions,directly influencing vegetation dynamics in rock outcrops.These findings underscore the role of microtopography in structuring plant communities in harsh environments.展开更多
The application of different coatings on solar photovoltaic(PV)panels can be an efficient solution to increase performance and further mitigate the emission of greenhouse gases.This study uses the Life Cycle Assessmen...The application of different coatings on solar photovoltaic(PV)panels can be an efficient solution to increase performance and further mitigate the emission of greenhouse gases.This study uses the Life Cycle Assessment(LCA)methodology and the environmental payback concept to analyze the effects of the application of a nano-silica coating on a solar PV system installed in the Brazilian Northeast.Firstly,an uncoated reference 16.4 MW PV system is designed,and the detailed inventory is presented(PV panels,supporting structure,inverters,junction boxes,cables,transportation,maintenance and operation-including the replacement of equipment).The results of the LCA quantify the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the PV system.Electricity production is estimated by technical and local climate data.Subsequently,the environmental payback time of the system is calculated,which is the time required for the PV system to offset the emissions associated with system manufacturing,operation,and disposal.This is the first Brazilian study to verify the effects of a self-cleaning coating on a solar PV system throughout its lifetime,compared to the uncoated(reference system).The original photovoltaic system emitted 22,534,773 kg CO_(2)-eq,with an environmental payback of 5 years and 1 day.When the self-cleaning coating is applied,the emissions are 21,511,317 kg CO_(2)-eq(almost 5%lower)with a payback of 4 years,1 month and 26 days.The application of self-cleaning coatings reduces the required area for installation(due to increased efficiency),and not only reduces emissions but is also aligned with global sustainability targets and contributes to the concept of sustainable and intelligent cities.展开更多
In this editorial,we discuss the recent article by Regassa et al,published in the World Journal of Diabetes,which highlights the potential role of platelet indices(PI)in predicting poor glucoregulation in patients wit...In this editorial,we discuss the recent article by Regassa et al,published in the World Journal of Diabetes,which highlights the potential role of platelet indices(PI)in predicting poor glucoregulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Given the high morbidity and mortality associated with T2DM,there is a constant need to find new and accessible methods for predicting and treating individuals with this condition.The pathophysiology of T2DM involves systemic inflammation,metabolic dysfunction,and an increased risk of vascular injury,which are commonly associated with the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications,such as cardiovascular diseases and neuropathies.The link between these complications and T2DM requires further elucidation but may be explained by prolonged exposure to high glycemic levels and increased advanced glycation end products.PI might play an important role in determining whether some individuals are prone to poor glucoregulation.Recent evidence encourages the scientific efforts to demonstrate the consistency of this role and its applicability in monitoring glucoregulation,underscoring the importance of the study by Regassa et al.展开更多
Rolling noise is produced by vibration of the wheels and track,induced by their combined surface roughness.It is important to know the relative contributions of the different sources,as this affects noise control stra...Rolling noise is produced by vibration of the wheels and track,induced by their combined surface roughness.It is important to know the relative contributions of the different sources,as this affects noise control strategies as well as acceptance testing of new rolling stock.Three different techniques are described that aim to use pass-by measurements to separate the wheel and track components of rolling noise.One is based on the TWINS model,which is tuned to measured track vibration.The second is based on the advanced transfer path analysis method,which provides an entirely experimental assessment.The third is based on the pass-by analysis method in combination with static vibroacoustic transfer functions which are obtained using a reciprocity method.The development of these methods is described and comparisons between them are presented using the results from three experimental measurement campaigns.These covered a metro train,a regional train and a high-speed train at a range of speeds.The various methods agree reasonably well in terms of overall trends,with moderate agreement in the mid-frequency region,and less consistent results at low and high frequency.展开更多
The Northeast region is the main producer of guava in Brazil,generating employment and income.However,water availability means that producer’s resort to using water with high salinity,which harms plant development,es...The Northeast region is the main producer of guava in Brazil,generating employment and income.However,water availability means that producer’s resort to using water with high salinity,which harms plant development,especially during the seedling formation phase.The adoption of techniques that mitigate the deleterious effect of salinity is increasingly necessary,such as the use of elicitors such as ascorbic acid.The purpose of this study was to analyze the morphophysiology of guava seedlings under saline and ascorbic acid levels.The study was carried out by applying treatments composed of five saline levels(SL=0.3;1.3;2.3;3.3 and 4.3 dS m^(-1))and four levels of ascorbic acid—AA(0,200,400,and 600 mg L^(-1)),in a 5×4 factorial arrangement,adopting a randomized block design.Gas exchange and growth of guava seedlings are limited from 0.3 dS m^(-1).Using 400 mg L^(-1)of AA reduces damage from salinity on stomatal conductance,transpiration,and net assimilation rate up to the estimated SL of 1.80 dS m^(-1).In contrast,AA level 412 mg L^(-1)increased instantaneous water use efficiency up to the salinity of 2.3 dS m^(-1).AA level of 600 mg L^(-1)attenuated salt stress effects on leaf area and height/stem diameter ratio up to SL of 2.05 dS m^(-1).The number of leaves and the absolute and relative growth rates were stimulated by AA under the lowest saline level.展开更多
Force control merged with motion control represent the fundamental low level requirements for the most complex tasks to be performed by any robot.In particular,robust motion and force controllers allow robots to deal ...Force control merged with motion control represent the fundamental low level requirements for the most complex tasks to be performed by any robot.In particular,robust motion and force controllers allow robots to deal with real-world uncertainties among other disturbances.In this paper,an admittance-based force controller using the Active Disturbance Rejection Control approach is proposed,which allows to perform robot force control without a force sensor.In addition,a theoretical synthesis of the control law including an extended state observer for the estimation of the robot–surface force interaction and their formal stability analysis is presented.The validation of the proposal is depicted by numerical simulations using the dynamical model of a two degrees of freedom robot manipulator,for both a constant and a time-varying force control tasks with an unknown curved surface,while considering joint measurement noise and force sensors noise and an external disturbance force.展开更多
Developing high-efficient flame-retardant coatings is crucial for fire safety polymer and battery fields.Traditional intumescent coatings and ceramifiable coatings struggle to provide immediate and prolonged protectio...Developing high-efficient flame-retardant coatings is crucial for fire safety polymer and battery fields.Traditional intumescent coatings and ceramifiable coatings struggle to provide immediate and prolonged protection simultaneously,which limits the applicability.To address this,an innovative bi-layered coating with organic/nano-inorganic additives is inspired by differential response behaviors,enabling relay response effect with both fast-acting and extended protection.Specifically,two layers function continuously in the form of a relay.With a mere 320 microns,the bi-layered coating withstands fire temperatures of up to 1400℃for at least 900 s.Consequently,the coating effective prevented burn through in aluminum plates and glass fabric-reinforced epoxy resin,which otherwise were burned through in 135 and 173 s,respectively.Meanwhile,the bi-layered coating suppressed the formation and decomposition of solid interface layer in lithium soft-package batteries,leading to prolonged electrochemical stability and fire safety.Additionally,the bi-layered coating with a fast response endows polyurethane foam with rapid self-extinguishing,preventing ignition even under exposure to strong fire of 1400℃.Shortly,our work offers new insights into the design and development of thin,high-performance,and multi-application flame-retardant coatings.展开更多
Advancing 3D magnesium(Mg)development beyond current limitations requires controlling Mg alloy degradation in pre-designed,low-dimension architectures.This study reveals a mechanistic switch in the corrosion behavior ...Advancing 3D magnesium(Mg)development beyond current limitations requires controlling Mg alloy degradation in pre-designed,low-dimension architectures.This study reveals a mechanistic switch in the corrosion behavior of Mg alloy(3.6%Al,0.8%Zn)diamond lattice structures,induced by plasma nanosynthesis(400 eV Ar^(+)ions,fluence 1×10^(17) ions/cm^(2)).Plasma treatment of the Mg alloy increases surface Mg from 1.5%to 14.5%,enhances carbonate formation,and generates a nanostructured surface with a Mg carbonate layer over an oxide/hydroxide layer.In vitro and in vivo analyses over 8 wk demonstrate how this treatment fundamentally alters the degradation process and stability of these 3D architectures.While untreated samples initially formed a protective film that subsequently diminished,DPNS-treated samples demonstrated an inverse corrosion behavior.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)confirmed the presence of a stable,protective layer composed of magnesium oxide,magnesium hydroxide,and magnesium carbonate on the DPNS-treated surfaces.After 14 days,the DPNS-treated sample exhibited a more positive corrosion potential(-0.69 V versus-1.36 V)and a marginally lower current density(0.73 mA/cm^(2)compared to 0.75 mA/c^(2))relative to the control.This protective layer,combined with modified surface topology,initiated a core-to-periphery degradation pattern that maintained structural integrity for up to 8 wk post-implantation.These findings support the conclusion that the DPNS-treated scaffold demonstrates sustained improved corrosion resistance over time compared to the untreated control.Micro-CT revealed plasma-treated samples retained larger struts(504.9±95.3μm at 8 wk)and formed larger H_(2) pockets extending 14.2 mm from the implant center,versus 4.9 mm in controls.This corrosion behavior switch enhances stability but risks pore clogging,offering insights for tailoring Mg alloy degradation and H_(2) evolution in 3D architectures for biomedical applications.展开更多
Purpose:This paper focuses on scientific journals’policies on open access and open science.The subject has gained increasing relevance,driven by the need for more-democratic access to knowledge and improved research ...Purpose:This paper focuses on scientific journals’policies on open access and open science.The subject has gained increasing relevance,driven by the need for more-democratic access to knowledge and improved research visibility,which require eliminating the financial,legal,and technical barriers that restrict access to scientific output.Design/methodology/approach:This paper uses the findings of FECYT’s 2023 Assessment of the Editorial and Scientific Quality of Spanish Scientific Journals,with 254 participating journals,as its case study.Open science indicators assess the transparency of policies on content access,reuse,openness,and reproducibility.Nonparametric tests analyse the relationship between the indicators and the dimensions of publisher type and subject area.Findings:High compliance rates are found for indicators related to publication licences and intellectual property rights.Only 37%of the journals examined post their editorial policy on Sherpa Romeo.Ninety-four percent publish open access.However,open peer review is rarely applied(0.38%of the journals).Journals in Communication,Information and Scientific Documentation,Fine Arts,Education Science,and Biomedical Sciences have high compliance percentages.Most journals(83%)are institutional,with universities and associations generally exhibiting better results.Research limitations:This study is based on specific indicators that do not cover all the factors that influence the transition toward open science;for example,editorial culture and technological infrastructure are not envisaged.Furthermore,differences in open science implementation are identified between disciplinary areas and between publisher types,but the underlying causes of these differences are not thoroughly investigated.Future research could address these points for a fuller understanding.Practical implications:This study highlights the need for journals to improve transparency by adopting open peer review and clear policies.These changes enhance accessibility and credibility,fostering inclusive knowledge dissemination.Institutions and policymakers should support these efforts to boost research impact.Originality/value:This study offers insights into open science practices in Spanish journals,a growing academic topic.Its originality lies in examining open science indicators across disciplines and publishers.By identifying strengths and gaps,the study helps journals enhance transparency.展开更多
AIM TO correlate Helicobacter pylori （H. pylorli）, EpsteinBarr virus （EBV） and human papillomavirus （HPV） with gastric cancer （GC） cases in Para State, Brazil.METHODS Tissue samples were obtained from 302 gast...AIM TO correlate Helicobacter pylori （H. pylorli）, EpsteinBarr virus （EBV） and human papillomavirus （HPV） with gastric cancer （GC） cases in Para State, Brazil.METHODS Tissue samples were obtained from 302 gastric adenocarcinomas. A rapid urease test was used to detect the presence of H. pylori, and the presence of the cagA gene in the HP-positive samples was confirmed by PCR. An RNA in situ hybridization test designed to complement Eberl RNA was used to detect the presence of EBV in the samples, and the L1 region of HPV was detected using nested PCR. Positive HPV samples were genotyped and analyzed for E6 and E7 viral gene expression. Infections were also correlated with the clinical and pathological characteristics of the patients.RESULTS The majority of the 302 samples analyzed were obtained from men （65%） aged 55 years or older （67%） and were classified as the intestinal subtype （55%）. All three pathogens were found in the samples analyzed in the present study （H. pylori： 87%, EBV： 20%, HPV： 3%）. Overall, 78% of the H. pylori-positive （H. pylorl＋） samples were cagA＋ （H. pylori-cagA＋）, and there was an association between the cytotoxic product of this gene and EBV. Coinfections of H. pylori-cagA＋ and EBV were correlated with the most advanced tumor stages. Although only 20% of the tumors were positive for EBV, infection with this virus was associated with distant metastasis. Only the HPV 16 and 18 strains were found in the samples, although no expression of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins was detected. The fundus of the stomach was the region least affected by the pathogens.CONCLUSION HPV was not involved in gastric tumorigenesis. Prophy- lactic and therapeutic measures against H. pylori and EBV may prevent the development of GC, especially the more aggressive forms.展开更多
Occult hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a new recently characterized entity. This occult infection can be present in two different clinical situations: in anti-HCV negative, serum HCV-RNA negative patients with ab...Occult hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a new recently characterized entity. This occult infection can be present in two different clinical situations: in anti-HCV negative, serum HCV-RNA negative patients with abnormal liver function tests and in anti-HCV positive subjects with normal values of liver enzymes and without serum HCV- RNA. This review describes recent studies of occult HCV infection in both kinds of patients.展开更多
Although it is now known that the human body is colonized by a wide variety of microbial populations in different parts(such as the mouth, pharynx and respiratory system, the skin, the gastro- and urogenital tracts), ...Although it is now known that the human body is colonized by a wide variety of microbial populations in different parts(such as the mouth, pharynx and respiratory system, the skin, the gastro- and urogenital tracts), many effects of the complex interactions between the human host and microbial symbionts are still not completely understood. The dysbiosis of the gastrointestinal tract microbiota is considered to be one of the most important contributing factors in the development of many gastrointestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome and colorectal cancer, as well as systemic diseases like obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Fecal microbial transplantations appear to be promising therapies for dysbiosis-associated diseases; however, probiotic microorganisms have been growing in popularity due to increasing numbers of studies proving that certain strains present health promoting properties, among them the beneficial balance of the intestinal microbiota. Inflammatory bowel diseases andobesity are the pathologies in which there are more studies showing this beneficial association using animal models and even in human clinical trials.In this review,the association of the human gut microbiota and human health will be discussed along with the benefits that probiotics can confer on this symbiotic activity and on the prevention or treatment of associated diseases.展开更多
Type 1 gastric neuroendocrine tumors （gNETs） are usually small lesions, restricted to mucosal and sub-mucosal layers of corpus and fundus, with low aggressive behavior, for the majority of cases. Nevertheless, some ...Type 1 gastric neuroendocrine tumors （gNETs） are usually small lesions, restricted to mucosal and sub-mucosal layers of corpus and fundus, with low aggressive behavior, for the majority of cases. Nevertheless, some cases present aggressive behavior. The increasing incidence of gNETs brings together a new relevant problem： how to identify potentially aggressive type I gNETs. The challenging problem seems to be finding out signs or features able to predict potentially aggressive cases, allowing a tailored approach, since the involved societies dedicated to provide guidelines for management of these neoplasms apparently failed in producing staging systems able to accurately predict prognosis of these tumors. Additionally, it is also important to try to find out explanations for increasing incidence, as well as to identify potential targets aiming to reach better control of this neoplasia. Here, we discuss potential pathways implicated in aggressive behavior, as well as new strategies to improve clinical management of these tumors.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the potential therapeutic effect of exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus) CRL 1190 fermented milk on chronic gastritis in Balb/c mice. METHODS: Balb/c mice ...AIM: To investigate the potential therapeutic effect of exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus) CRL 1190 fermented milk on chronic gastritis in Balb/c mice. METHODS: Balb/c mice were fed with the fermented milk for 7 d after inducing gastritis with acetyl-salicylic acid (ASA, 400 mg/kg body weight per day for 10 d). Omeprazole was included in this study as a positive therapeutic control. The gastric in? ammatory activity was evaluated from gastric histology and in? ammation score, number of interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-γ (INFγ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) cytokine-producing cells in the gastric mucosa, and thickness of the mucus layer. RESULTS: Animals receiving treatment with the EPS-producing S. thermophilus CRL 1190 fermented milk showed a conserved gastric mucosa structure similar to that of healthy animals. In? ammation scores of the fermented milk-treated mice were lower than those of mice in the gastritis group (0.2 ± 0.03 vs 2.0 ± 0.6, P < 0.05). A marked decrease in INFγ+ (15 ± 1.0 vs 28 ± 1.2, P < 0.05) and TNF-α+ (16 ± 3.0 vs 33 ± 3.0, P < 0.05) cells and an increase in IL-10+ (28 ± 1.5 vs 14 ± 1.3, P < 0.05) cells compared to the gastritis group, was observed. Also, an increase in the thickness of the mucus gel layer (2.2 ± 0.6 vs 1.0 ± 0.3; 5.1 ± 0.8 vs 1.5 ± 0.4 in the corpus and antrum mucosa, respectively, P < 0.05) compared with the gastritis group was noted. A milk suspension of the purif ied EPS from S. thermophilus CRL1190 was also effective as therapy for gastritis.展开更多
文摘Background: Patients with rheumatic diseases have profound alterations in the immune system as a result of underlying diseases and the treatments used, which increases the risk of occurrence and severity of infections, including enteroparasitosis. The current treatment for rheumatoid arthritis involves immunosuppressive therapies powerfully needed for screening infectious processes. The prevalence of parasitic infections in rheumatoid arthritis patients is not currently documented in literature. The objective of the current study was to determine the prevalence of parasitic diseases in a population with RA. Methods: We collected demographic and socioeconomic data from 67 patients at the Hospital Universitário de Brasília from July 2015 to April 2016. All patients underwent a parasitological examination of their stool and multiple variables were analyzed using Poisson regression method. Results: The mean age of patients was 53.9 years. They were predominantly in women (94%) and caucasian (47.8%). The mean disease duration was 9.2 years and most patients had the disease in remission or light activity. The prevalence of parasitic infections in these patients was 11.9%, all cases being that of protozoa of the following species: Endolimax nana, Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba coli. The final multivariate analysis indicated that the presence of disease had a significant statistical relationship between the presence of enteroparasitosis and rheumatoid arthritis with no fatigue by VAS (p = 0.0488) and best current health index by VAS (p = 0.0012). Conclusion: This study indicates that the prevalence of enteroparasitoses in a population with Rheumatoid Arthritis was 11.9% and all cases were found of protozoa.
基金Ministry of Science and Technology,Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.
文摘Non-human primates(NHPs)serve as necessary reservoir hosts of parasites that create diseases to human.A close interaction between human and NHP can make a pathway for transmission of zoonotic diseases.To prevent zoonotic infection of zoo keepers,park visitors as well as keeping the captive NHPs in healthy state,it is necessary to carry out regular parasitological examination and treatment.A total of 72 fecal samples of Olive Baboon(n=39)and Common Langur(n=33)irrespective of their age and sex were collected from two zoological gardens of Bangladesh.Eggs and oocysts of seven gastrointestinal(GI)parasites were observed and identified in samples of both host species.The prevalence of GI parasites recorded was 100%.In case of Olive Baboon,the protozoan prevalence was higher(53.83%)than that of helminths,but opposite scenario was seen in case of Common Langur.Besides,higher intensity of coccidian oocysts in both hosts was recorded in the study.
文摘Esophageal stricture refers to a pathological narrowing of the esophageal lumen,causing dysphagia and impairing the patient's quality of life.There are various etiologies including esophageal malignancy,peptic injury,caustic ingestion,postsurgical anastomosis,radiation therapy,and inflammatory disorders such as eosinophilic esophagitis.The primary goal in managing esophageal strictures is to relieve dysphagia by maintaining luminal patency.Endoscopic dilation remains the mainstay of treatment for most benign strictures,with either bougie or balloon dilators.For patients who develop refractory or recurrent strictures that are difficult to manage with dilation alone,adjunctive therapies like intralesional steroid injections,topical or injected mitomycin C,incisional therapy,stent placement,and finally surgery may enhance outcomes and reduce the frequency of repeat procedures.The present review focuses on the basics of dilation and adjunctive strategies for the management of esophageal stricture.
文摘Ultra-processed foods(UPFs)are believed to contribute to the development of multiple chronic inflammatory diseases,including inflammatory bowel diseases and metabolic syndrome,based on epidemiological studies and emerging preclinical and clinical research.Several aspects of food processing and for-mulation in the development of chronic inflammatory diseases are currently being studied.Ongoing research emphasizes epidemiological evidence and mechanistic insights regarding UPFs and their interaction with the intestinal microbiota.In this review,we explore UPFs,their interaction with the intestinal microbiota,and the implications for gastrointestinal health.
文摘BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder influenced by both behavioral and genetic factors.Among epigenetic regulators,the ANRIL gene has been proposed as a risk factor for periodontitis;however,findings on the association between ANRIL polymorphisms and disease susceptibility remain inconsistent.AIM To analyze the association between the rs1333048 genetic polymorphism in the ANRIL gene and periodontitis via meta-analysis.METHODS A literature search was performed for studies published before May 2,2025.The Review Manager statistical program was used in analyses with calculations of heterogeneity index(I^(2))and odds ratio(OR)with 95%of confidence intervals(CI).Begg’s test and the Egger’s linear regression test were used for publication bias evaluation using Comprehensive meta-analysis software.P<0.05 was considered significant.da Silva FRP et al.ANRIL gene and periodontitis:A meta-analysis WJMA https://www.wjgnet.com 2 December 18,2025 Volume 13 Issue 4 RESULTS From 12 studies including 5489 participants across multiple ethnic groups,we observed a statistically significant association between ANRIL gene polymorphisms and periodontitis in the allelic contrast model(OR=1.2495%CI:1.15-1.34,P<0.00001).Conversely,the wild-type allele was significantly associated with the control group(OR=0.8095%CI:0.75-0.87,P<0.00001).Heterogeneity was low(I²=28%,Pheterogeneity=0.17),and no significant risk of publication bias was detected(P>0.05).CONCLUSION In conclusion,this meta-analysis demonstrated a significant association between the rs1333048 polymorphism and periodontitis in the overall analysis and in stratified analyses of Caucasian populations,but in for mixed-race populations.
文摘We study the confinement of a spinless charged particle to a spherical quantum dot under the influence of a linear electric field.The spherical quantum dot is described by a short-range potential given by the power-exponential potential.Then,by analysing the region near the spherical quantum dot centre,we discuss two cases where the energy levels can be obtained for s-waves and how the linear electric field modifies the spectrum of energy of the spherical quantum dot.
基金CAPES(Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior)for the master's scholarship(Proc.n.88887.822653/202300)CNPq(Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-Brazil)for the PIBIC scholarship(Call 03/2023-UEPB/CNPq)+3 种基金CAPES(Coordenacco de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior)for the doctoral scholarship(Proc.n.88887.948069/202400)CAPES(Coordenacco de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior)for the doctoral scholarship(Proc.n.88887.995048/2024-00)CAPES(Coordenacco de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior)for the doctoral scholarship(Proc.n.88887.497186/202000)CNPq for the Research Productivity fellowship。
文摘Rocky outcrops function as island-like environmental filters and pivotal ecological refuges for local and regional biodiversity,with their inherent topographic and microclimatic dynamics directly shaping vegetation composition and distribution across slopes.This study inventoried the flora of a rocky outcrop slope within Brazil's Caatinga biome,a seasonally dry tropical forest,to analyze species distribution patterns and their relationship with microtopographic conditions.The slope was stratified into base,middle and top segments according to slope gradient,with specimens collected over seven months of field expeditions,followed by taxonomic processing to compile a floristic inventory.The survey documented 60 species,53 genera,and 28 families,with Fabaceae,Euphorbiaceae,and Malvaceae emerging as the most representative families;herbaceous species dominated,followed by trees and shrubs.Species richness declined along the topographic gradient as altitude increased,with 43%of flora comprising species widespread across Brazilian biomes and 20%endemic to the Caatinga.Variations in species distribution across slope positions suggest that topographic heterogeneity may drive distinct pedological and microclimatic conditions,directly influencing vegetation dynamics in rock outcrops.These findings underscore the role of microtopography in structuring plant communities in harsh environments.
基金support of the Paraíba State Research Foundation(FAPESQ)(call No.09/2021)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq Productivity Grants 309452/2021-0,308753/2021-6)+1 种基金Scientific Initiation Scholarships(PIBIC)within the Federal University of Paraíba(UFPB)Silvia Guillén Lambea thanks Grant RYC2021-034265-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by“European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR”。
文摘The application of different coatings on solar photovoltaic(PV)panels can be an efficient solution to increase performance and further mitigate the emission of greenhouse gases.This study uses the Life Cycle Assessment(LCA)methodology and the environmental payback concept to analyze the effects of the application of a nano-silica coating on a solar PV system installed in the Brazilian Northeast.Firstly,an uncoated reference 16.4 MW PV system is designed,and the detailed inventory is presented(PV panels,supporting structure,inverters,junction boxes,cables,transportation,maintenance and operation-including the replacement of equipment).The results of the LCA quantify the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the PV system.Electricity production is estimated by technical and local climate data.Subsequently,the environmental payback time of the system is calculated,which is the time required for the PV system to offset the emissions associated with system manufacturing,operation,and disposal.This is the first Brazilian study to verify the effects of a self-cleaning coating on a solar PV system throughout its lifetime,compared to the uncoated(reference system).The original photovoltaic system emitted 22,534,773 kg CO_(2)-eq,with an environmental payback of 5 years and 1 day.When the self-cleaning coating is applied,the emissions are 21,511,317 kg CO_(2)-eq(almost 5%lower)with a payback of 4 years,1 month and 26 days.The application of self-cleaning coatings reduces the required area for installation(due to increased efficiency),and not only reduces emissions but is also aligned with global sustainability targets and contributes to the concept of sustainable and intelligent cities.
文摘In this editorial,we discuss the recent article by Regassa et al,published in the World Journal of Diabetes,which highlights the potential role of platelet indices(PI)in predicting poor glucoregulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Given the high morbidity and mortality associated with T2DM,there is a constant need to find new and accessible methods for predicting and treating individuals with this condition.The pathophysiology of T2DM involves systemic inflammation,metabolic dysfunction,and an increased risk of vascular injury,which are commonly associated with the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications,such as cardiovascular diseases and neuropathies.The link between these complications and T2DM requires further elucidation but may be explained by prolonged exposure to high glycemic levels and increased advanced glycation end products.PI might play an important role in determining whether some individuals are prone to poor glucoregulation.Recent evidence encourages the scientific efforts to demonstrate the consistency of this role and its applicability in monitoring glucoregulation,underscoring the importance of the study by Regassa et al.
基金supported by the TRANSIT project(funded by EU Horizon 2020 and the Europe’s Rail Joint Undertaking under grant agreement 881771).
文摘Rolling noise is produced by vibration of the wheels and track,induced by their combined surface roughness.It is important to know the relative contributions of the different sources,as this affects noise control strategies as well as acceptance testing of new rolling stock.Three different techniques are described that aim to use pass-by measurements to separate the wheel and track components of rolling noise.One is based on the TWINS model,which is tuned to measured track vibration.The second is based on the advanced transfer path analysis method,which provides an entirely experimental assessment.The third is based on the pass-by analysis method in combination with static vibroacoustic transfer functions which are obtained using a reciprocity method.The development of these methods is described and comparisons between them are presented using the results from three experimental measurement campaigns.These covered a metro train,a regional train and a high-speed train at a range of speeds.The various methods agree reasonably well in terms of overall trends,with moderate agreement in the mid-frequency region,and less consistent results at low and high frequency.
基金supported by CNPq(National Council for Scientific and Technological Development—Processo:151057/2024-9),CAPES(Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel)financial code—001,and UFCG(Universidade Federal de Campina Grande).
文摘The Northeast region is the main producer of guava in Brazil,generating employment and income.However,water availability means that producer’s resort to using water with high salinity,which harms plant development,especially during the seedling formation phase.The adoption of techniques that mitigate the deleterious effect of salinity is increasingly necessary,such as the use of elicitors such as ascorbic acid.The purpose of this study was to analyze the morphophysiology of guava seedlings under saline and ascorbic acid levels.The study was carried out by applying treatments composed of five saline levels(SL=0.3;1.3;2.3;3.3 and 4.3 dS m^(-1))and four levels of ascorbic acid—AA(0,200,400,and 600 mg L^(-1)),in a 5×4 factorial arrangement,adopting a randomized block design.Gas exchange and growth of guava seedlings are limited from 0.3 dS m^(-1).Using 400 mg L^(-1)of AA reduces damage from salinity on stomatal conductance,transpiration,and net assimilation rate up to the estimated SL of 1.80 dS m^(-1).In contrast,AA level 412 mg L^(-1)increased instantaneous water use efficiency up to the salinity of 2.3 dS m^(-1).AA level of 600 mg L^(-1)attenuated salt stress effects on leaf area and height/stem diameter ratio up to SL of 2.05 dS m^(-1).The number of leaves and the absolute and relative growth rates were stimulated by AA under the lowest saline level.
基金Julio Antonio Caballero-Mora acknowledges the CONAHCYT Scholarship number 828530。
文摘Force control merged with motion control represent the fundamental low level requirements for the most complex tasks to be performed by any robot.In particular,robust motion and force controllers allow robots to deal with real-world uncertainties among other disturbances.In this paper,an admittance-based force controller using the Active Disturbance Rejection Control approach is proposed,which allows to perform robot force control without a force sensor.In addition,a theoretical synthesis of the control law including an extended state observer for the estimation of the robot–surface force interaction and their formal stability analysis is presented.The validation of the proposal is depicted by numerical simulations using the dynamical model of a two degrees of freedom robot manipulator,for both a constant and a time-varying force control tasks with an unknown curved surface,while considering joint measurement noise and force sensors noise and an external disturbance force.
基金the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 52273048 and 51973006)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 2222052)the financial support of this work by BIOFIRESAFE(PID2020-117274RB-I00)funded by MINECO,Spain。
文摘Developing high-efficient flame-retardant coatings is crucial for fire safety polymer and battery fields.Traditional intumescent coatings and ceramifiable coatings struggle to provide immediate and prolonged protection simultaneously,which limits the applicability.To address this,an innovative bi-layered coating with organic/nano-inorganic additives is inspired by differential response behaviors,enabling relay response effect with both fast-acting and extended protection.Specifically,two layers function continuously in the form of a relay.With a mere 320 microns,the bi-layered coating withstands fire temperatures of up to 1400℃for at least 900 s.Consequently,the coating effective prevented burn through in aluminum plates and glass fabric-reinforced epoxy resin,which otherwise were burned through in 135 and 173 s,respectively.Meanwhile,the bi-layered coating suppressed the formation and decomposition of solid interface layer in lithium soft-package batteries,leading to prolonged electrochemical stability and fire safety.Additionally,the bi-layered coating with a fast response endows polyurethane foam with rapid self-extinguishing,preventing ignition even under exposure to strong fire of 1400℃.Shortly,our work offers new insights into the design and development of thin,high-performance,and multi-application flame-retardant coatings.
基金supported by Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences at Penn State University through the Huck Innovative and Transformational Seed Grant(HITS).
文摘Advancing 3D magnesium(Mg)development beyond current limitations requires controlling Mg alloy degradation in pre-designed,low-dimension architectures.This study reveals a mechanistic switch in the corrosion behavior of Mg alloy(3.6%Al,0.8%Zn)diamond lattice structures,induced by plasma nanosynthesis(400 eV Ar^(+)ions,fluence 1×10^(17) ions/cm^(2)).Plasma treatment of the Mg alloy increases surface Mg from 1.5%to 14.5%,enhances carbonate formation,and generates a nanostructured surface with a Mg carbonate layer over an oxide/hydroxide layer.In vitro and in vivo analyses over 8 wk demonstrate how this treatment fundamentally alters the degradation process and stability of these 3D architectures.While untreated samples initially formed a protective film that subsequently diminished,DPNS-treated samples demonstrated an inverse corrosion behavior.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)confirmed the presence of a stable,protective layer composed of magnesium oxide,magnesium hydroxide,and magnesium carbonate on the DPNS-treated surfaces.After 14 days,the DPNS-treated sample exhibited a more positive corrosion potential(-0.69 V versus-1.36 V)and a marginally lower current density(0.73 mA/cm^(2)compared to 0.75 mA/c^(2))relative to the control.This protective layer,combined with modified surface topology,initiated a core-to-periphery degradation pattern that maintained structural integrity for up to 8 wk post-implantation.These findings support the conclusion that the DPNS-treated scaffold demonstrates sustained improved corrosion resistance over time compared to the untreated control.Micro-CT revealed plasma-treated samples retained larger struts(504.9±95.3μm at 8 wk)and formed larger H_(2) pockets extending 14.2 mm from the implant center,versus 4.9 mm in controls.This corrosion behavior switch enhances stability but risks pore clogging,offering insights for tailoring Mg alloy degradation and H_(2) evolution in 3D architectures for biomedical applications.
基金funding from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities for project PID2023-149340OB-I00, “Ciencia abierta y ciencia ciudadana para una sociedad más sostenible e inclusiva: aportaciones del Sistema Universitario Espanol”
文摘Purpose:This paper focuses on scientific journals’policies on open access and open science.The subject has gained increasing relevance,driven by the need for more-democratic access to knowledge and improved research visibility,which require eliminating the financial,legal,and technical barriers that restrict access to scientific output.Design/methodology/approach:This paper uses the findings of FECYT’s 2023 Assessment of the Editorial and Scientific Quality of Spanish Scientific Journals,with 254 participating journals,as its case study.Open science indicators assess the transparency of policies on content access,reuse,openness,and reproducibility.Nonparametric tests analyse the relationship between the indicators and the dimensions of publisher type and subject area.Findings:High compliance rates are found for indicators related to publication licences and intellectual property rights.Only 37%of the journals examined post their editorial policy on Sherpa Romeo.Ninety-four percent publish open access.However,open peer review is rarely applied(0.38%of the journals).Journals in Communication,Information and Scientific Documentation,Fine Arts,Education Science,and Biomedical Sciences have high compliance percentages.Most journals(83%)are institutional,with universities and associations generally exhibiting better results.Research limitations:This study is based on specific indicators that do not cover all the factors that influence the transition toward open science;for example,editorial culture and technological infrastructure are not envisaged.Furthermore,differences in open science implementation are identified between disciplinary areas and between publisher types,but the underlying causes of these differences are not thoroughly investigated.Future research could address these points for a fuller understanding.Practical implications:This study highlights the need for journals to improve transparency by adopting open peer review and clear policies.These changes enhance accessibility and credibility,fostering inclusive knowledge dissemination.Institutions and policymakers should support these efforts to boost research impact.Originality/value:This study offers insights into open science practices in Spanish journals,a growing academic topic.Its originality lies in examining open science indicators across disciplines and publishers.By identifying strengths and gaps,the study helps journals enhance transparency.
基金the National Council for scientific and technological development,No.(CNPq)402283/2013-9
文摘AIM TO correlate Helicobacter pylori （H. pylorli）, EpsteinBarr virus （EBV） and human papillomavirus （HPV） with gastric cancer （GC） cases in Para State, Brazil.METHODS Tissue samples were obtained from 302 gastric adenocarcinomas. A rapid urease test was used to detect the presence of H. pylori, and the presence of the cagA gene in the HP-positive samples was confirmed by PCR. An RNA in situ hybridization test designed to complement Eberl RNA was used to detect the presence of EBV in the samples, and the L1 region of HPV was detected using nested PCR. Positive HPV samples were genotyped and analyzed for E6 and E7 viral gene expression. Infections were also correlated with the clinical and pathological characteristics of the patients.RESULTS The majority of the 302 samples analyzed were obtained from men （65%） aged 55 years or older （67%） and were classified as the intestinal subtype （55%）. All three pathogens were found in the samples analyzed in the present study （H. pylori： 87%, EBV： 20%, HPV： 3%）. Overall, 78% of the H. pylori-positive （H. pylorl＋） samples were cagA＋ （H. pylori-cagA＋）, and there was an association between the cytotoxic product of this gene and EBV. Coinfections of H. pylori-cagA＋ and EBV were correlated with the most advanced tumor stages. Although only 20% of the tumors were positive for EBV, infection with this virus was associated with distant metastasis. Only the HPV 16 and 18 strains were found in the samples, although no expression of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins was detected. The fundus of the stomach was the region least affected by the pathogens.CONCLUSION HPV was not involved in gastric tumorigenesis. Prophy- lactic and therapeutic measures against H. pylori and EBV may prevent the development of GC, especially the more aggressive forms.
文摘Occult hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a new recently characterized entity. This occult infection can be present in two different clinical situations: in anti-HCV negative, serum HCV-RNA negative patients with abnormal liver function tests and in anti-HCV positive subjects with normal values of liver enzymes and without serum HCV- RNA. This review describes recent studies of occult HCV infection in both kinds of patients.
基金Supported by Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas No.CONICETthe Agencia Nacional de Promo-ción Científica y Tecnológica No.ANPCyT
文摘Although it is now known that the human body is colonized by a wide variety of microbial populations in different parts(such as the mouth, pharynx and respiratory system, the skin, the gastro- and urogenital tracts), many effects of the complex interactions between the human host and microbial symbionts are still not completely understood. The dysbiosis of the gastrointestinal tract microbiota is considered to be one of the most important contributing factors in the development of many gastrointestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome and colorectal cancer, as well as systemic diseases like obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Fecal microbial transplantations appear to be promising therapies for dysbiosis-associated diseases; however, probiotic microorganisms have been growing in popularity due to increasing numbers of studies proving that certain strains present health promoting properties, among them the beneficial balance of the intestinal microbiota. Inflammatory bowel diseases andobesity are the pathologies in which there are more studies showing this beneficial association using animal models and even in human clinical trials.In this review,the association of the human gut microbiota and human health will be discussed along with the benefits that probiotics can confer on this symbiotic activity and on the prevention or treatment of associated diseases.
文摘Type 1 gastric neuroendocrine tumors （gNETs） are usually small lesions, restricted to mucosal and sub-mucosal layers of corpus and fundus, with low aggressive behavior, for the majority of cases. Nevertheless, some cases present aggressive behavior. The increasing incidence of gNETs brings together a new relevant problem： how to identify potentially aggressive type I gNETs. The challenging problem seems to be finding out signs or features able to predict potentially aggressive cases, allowing a tailored approach, since the involved societies dedicated to provide guidelines for management of these neoplasms apparently failed in producing staging systems able to accurately predict prognosis of these tumors. Additionally, it is also important to try to find out explanations for increasing incidence, as well as to identify potential targets aiming to reach better control of this neoplasia. Here, we discuss potential pathways implicated in aggressive behavior, as well as new strategies to improve clinical management of these tumors.
基金Supported by CONICET, ANPCyT (project BID 1728 OC/AR PICTR 20801) and CIUNT, Argentina
文摘AIM: To investigate the potential therapeutic effect of exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus) CRL 1190 fermented milk on chronic gastritis in Balb/c mice. METHODS: Balb/c mice were fed with the fermented milk for 7 d after inducing gastritis with acetyl-salicylic acid (ASA, 400 mg/kg body weight per day for 10 d). Omeprazole was included in this study as a positive therapeutic control. The gastric in? ammatory activity was evaluated from gastric histology and in? ammation score, number of interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-γ (INFγ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) cytokine-producing cells in the gastric mucosa, and thickness of the mucus layer. RESULTS: Animals receiving treatment with the EPS-producing S. thermophilus CRL 1190 fermented milk showed a conserved gastric mucosa structure similar to that of healthy animals. In? ammation scores of the fermented milk-treated mice were lower than those of mice in the gastritis group (0.2 ± 0.03 vs 2.0 ± 0.6, P < 0.05). A marked decrease in INFγ+ (15 ± 1.0 vs 28 ± 1.2, P < 0.05) and TNF-α+ (16 ± 3.0 vs 33 ± 3.0, P < 0.05) cells and an increase in IL-10+ (28 ± 1.5 vs 14 ± 1.3, P < 0.05) cells compared to the gastritis group, was observed. Also, an increase in the thickness of the mucus gel layer (2.2 ± 0.6 vs 1.0 ± 0.3; 5.1 ± 0.8 vs 1.5 ± 0.4 in the corpus and antrum mucosa, respectively, P < 0.05) compared with the gastritis group was noted. A milk suspension of the purif ied EPS from S. thermophilus CRL1190 was also effective as therapy for gastritis.
