China is known for its skill,inspiration and innovation.The Chinese people,the followers of thinkers and philosophers like Confucius(551-476 B.C.),are recognized in the global community as a collective of brilliant mi...China is known for its skill,inspiration and innovation.The Chinese people,the followers of thinkers and philosophers like Confucius(551-476 B.C.),are recognized in the global community as a collective of brilliant minds and progressive ideas.China's leaders,then,have long been known to embark on major maneuvers with the sole aim of serving the people of China and humanity as a whole.展开更多
Answering reachability queries is one of the fundamental graph operations.Existing approaches either accelerate index construction by constructing an index that covers only partial reachability relationship,which may ...Answering reachability queries is one of the fundamental graph operations.Existing approaches either accelerate index construction by constructing an index that covers only partial reachability relationship,which may result in performing cost traversing operation when answering a query;or accelerate query answering by constructing an index covering the complete reachability relationship,which may be inefficient due to comparing the complete node labels.We propose a novel labeling scheme,which covers the complete reachability relationship,to accelerate reachability queries processing.The idea is to decompose the given directed acyclic graph(DAG)G into two subgraphs,G1 and G2.For G1,we propose to use topological labels consisting of two integers to answer all reachability queries.For G2,we construct 2-hop labels as existing methods do to answer queries that cannot be answered by topological labels.The benefits of our method lie in two aspects.On one hand,our method does not need to perform the cost traversing operation when answering queries.On the other hand,our method can quickly answer most queries in constant time without comparing the whole node labels.We confirm the efficiency of our approaches by extensive experimental studies using 20 real datasets.展开更多
Travelling along the Karakoram Highway (KKH) is an unforgettable experience. Traversing some of the highest mountains of the world, it presents a picture of pristine beauty and scenery. It also makes one marvel at thi...Travelling along the Karakoram Highway (KKH) is an unforgettable experience. Traversing some of the highest mountains of the world, it presents a picture of pristine beauty and scenery. It also makes one marvel at this engineering feat of Chinese and Pakistanis who worked to make it into a symbol of eternal friendship between Pakistan and China. The KKH winds its way through some of the world's highest mountain ranges, the Karakoram,展开更多
Pakistan-China friendship is often characterized as "all-weather" and "time-tested." It is rooted in the popular ethos and is based on complete trust and mutual understanding. It has over the years...Pakistan-China friendship is often characterized as "all-weather" and "time-tested." It is rooted in the popular ethos and is based on complete trust and mutual understanding. It has over the years matured into a comprehensive strategic partnership for peace and development.展开更多
文摘China is known for its skill,inspiration and innovation.The Chinese people,the followers of thinkers and philosophers like Confucius(551-476 B.C.),are recognized in the global community as a collective of brilliant minds and progressive ideas.China's leaders,then,have long been known to embark on major maneuvers with the sole aim of serving the people of China and humanity as a whole.
基金This work was partly supported by National Key R&D Program of China,Grant No.2017YFB0309800the grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61472339,No.61303040,No.61572421,No.61272124)+1 种基金Shanghai Alliance Program(LM201552)Shanghai University of Engineering and Technology School-Enterprise cooperation projects(15)(DZ-025).
文摘Answering reachability queries is one of the fundamental graph operations.Existing approaches either accelerate index construction by constructing an index that covers only partial reachability relationship,which may result in performing cost traversing operation when answering a query;or accelerate query answering by constructing an index covering the complete reachability relationship,which may be inefficient due to comparing the complete node labels.We propose a novel labeling scheme,which covers the complete reachability relationship,to accelerate reachability queries processing.The idea is to decompose the given directed acyclic graph(DAG)G into two subgraphs,G1 and G2.For G1,we propose to use topological labels consisting of two integers to answer all reachability queries.For G2,we construct 2-hop labels as existing methods do to answer queries that cannot be answered by topological labels.The benefits of our method lie in two aspects.On one hand,our method does not need to perform the cost traversing operation when answering queries.On the other hand,our method can quickly answer most queries in constant time without comparing the whole node labels.We confirm the efficiency of our approaches by extensive experimental studies using 20 real datasets.
文摘Travelling along the Karakoram Highway (KKH) is an unforgettable experience. Traversing some of the highest mountains of the world, it presents a picture of pristine beauty and scenery. It also makes one marvel at this engineering feat of Chinese and Pakistanis who worked to make it into a symbol of eternal friendship between Pakistan and China. The KKH winds its way through some of the world's highest mountain ranges, the Karakoram,
文摘Pakistan-China friendship is often characterized as "all-weather" and "time-tested." It is rooted in the popular ethos and is based on complete trust and mutual understanding. It has over the years matured into a comprehensive strategic partnership for peace and development.
