生产过程信息管理系统PIMS(Process Information Man-agement Systems),是一个生产过程信息管理软件,它提供了一个生产过程信息集成和管理的平台。是专门针对现已广泛应用在工业企业的各种控制系统而设计的。控制系统包括:集散控制系统(...生产过程信息管理系统PIMS(Process Information Man-agement Systems),是一个生产过程信息管理软件,它提供了一个生产过程信息集成和管理的平台。是专门针对现已广泛应用在工业企业的各种控制系统而设计的。控制系统包括:集散控制系统(DCS)、可编程控制器(PLC)、智能化仪表、现场总线仪表、数据采集与控制软件(HMI/SCADA)等。实现了办公室和生产现场的信息沟通。展开更多
Green design and manufacturing is a proactive approach to minimize wastes during a product’s design stage, thus preventing future environmental impacts. Current modular design method mainly focuses on product functio...Green design and manufacturing is a proactive approach to minimize wastes during a product’s design stage, thus preventing future environmental impacts. Current modular design method mainly focuses on product functional and manufacturing issues. In this paper, a theoretical scheme of multi-objective modularity analysis for discrete electromechanical product design was proposed. Product physical architecture was represented by a fuzzy graph, where fuzzy relationships contain environmental objectives and influence module formulation. Finally the optimal product modules combining all objectives can be searched by clustering algorithm.展开更多
Manual definition of inspection feature in Coordinate Measuring Machines(CMM)is time-consuming and error-potential.Since CAD model contains all design data,an integration system of CAD/CMM is constructed to automate a...Manual definition of inspection feature in Coordinate Measuring Machines(CMM)is time-consuming and error-potential.Since CAD model contains all design data,an integration system of CAD/CMM is constructed to automate above pro-cess.First,tolerance feature and its attributes,including tolerance type,value and tag of related geometry,are extracted from CAD model and written to QDAS file,based on feature technology.The tags are then added as attribute to related geometry in CAD model.Thereby they can be automatically remarked in the parameter list of their corresponding geometric item when exporting STEP file.At last,both STEP and QDAS file are imported to CMM system.Based on the mapping between geometric and toler-ance feature in neutral files,inspection features can be recognized by CMM without manual interruption.The system has been im-plemented on Unigraphics platform,and proved to applicable for all types of tolerance and geometry.展开更多
Objective: To identify the differential expression of candidate gluconeogenic genes which may initiate hepatitis C virus(HCV) related metabolic disorder during early stages of disease. Methods: Patients of diverse age...Objective: To identify the differential expression of candidate gluconeogenic genes which may initiate hepatitis C virus(HCV) related metabolic disorder during early stages of disease. Methods: Patients of diverse age and sex, with positive HCV genotype 3(HCV-3) RNA in serum and with no history of other related infections, co-infections, alcoholism, diabetes or chemotherapeutic treatments were considered for this study. Semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR analysis and quantitative fold change analysis of the fresh liver biopsies of eight chronically infected HCV-3 patients and six healthy individuals were evaluated for three potential biomarkers involved in glucose homeostasis induction, namely mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2(PCK2), glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit(G6PC) and associated forkhead box protein 01(FOXO1). Results: Symptomatic evaluation, clinical history and blood test were conducted according to general disease prognosis procedures and reported here. Significantly upregulated expression of PCK2 independent of age, sex and viral infectivity levels in all HCV patients was observed, whereas no significant changes in the expression of G6 PC and FOXO1 were found. Conclusions: PCK2 triggers initial gluconeogenic reactions which ultimately result in the accumulation of glycogen in the liver hepatocytes. We therefore suggest that the overproduction of PCK2 has important physiological role in the onset of metabolic disorder in the HCV-3 patients.展开更多
AIM To assess healthcare seeking trends among Pakistani children with acute respiratory infections through comparative analysis between demographic health surveys(DHS) 2006-2007 and 2012-2013. METHODS Data of the last...AIM To assess healthcare seeking trends among Pakistani children with acute respiratory infections through comparative analysis between demographic health surveys(DHS) 2006-2007 and 2012-2013. METHODS Data of the last born children 0-24 mo of age of the sampled households from both the DHS was analyzedafter seeking permission from the DHS open access website. These were children who had suffered from cough and/or breathing difficulty in the past two weeks and sought health care thereafter. The trends of health care seeking were determined separately for the individual, household and community level according to the study parameters. χ2 test was applied to compare these trends. A P-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Out of 2508 children in 2006-2007 there were 1590 with acute respiratory infections(ARI) according to case definition along with 2142 out of 3419 children in 2012-2013 DHS, whose data was analyzed. During 2006-2007, 69% cases sought healthcare for ARI which improved to 79% in 2012-2013. Additionally, it was revealed that when compared between 2006-2007 and 2012-2013, improvement in care seeking practices was observed among illiterate mothers(64% vs 77%) although there was minimal change in those literate. Similarly, those women working also showed an increase in healthcare seeking from 67% to 79%. Additionally, those belonging to low and middle socioeconomic class showed a marked increase as compared to those in the higher class where there was no significant change. Whereas those living in rural communities also showed an increase from 66% to 78%.CONCLUSION Increasing health budget, improving maternal education and strengthening multi-sectoral coordination are among the effective strategies to improve outcomes associated with healthcare seeking in ARI.展开更多
2019-nCoV is the third consecutive coronavirus spread during the last 2 decades, but this time, unlike the previous two occasions, has achieved a pandemic proportion threatening widespread loss of human lives and a ma...2019-nCoV is the third consecutive coronavirus spread during the last 2 decades, but this time, unlike the previous two occasions, has achieved a pandemic proportion threatening widespread loss of human lives and a massive setback to the global economy. The situation warrants drastic measures in terms of preventing the spread of the virus and treating the virus-infected patients. The development of a new vaccine is a time-intensive option. Although efforts are underway to find possible pharmacological options, e.g., chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, existing antiviral agents, etc., in the meanwhile we may work on the combinatorial interventional approach of combining drug therapy with passive immune therapy. It would be prudent to use a convalescent serum therapy approach with the serum from COVID-19 patients who have recovered from the infection.展开更多
Background: It is well known that colostrum is important for promoting health, growth and development of the newborn, and it also helps to prevent against the infections. Breast feeding is a common practice in Pakista...Background: It is well known that colostrum is important for promoting health, growth and development of the newborn, and it also helps to prevent against the infections. Breast feeding is a common practice in Pakistan but the importance of colostrums feeding is still poorly understood due to cultural variations. Objectives: The objectives are to assess the knowledge about the importance of colostrums feeding and to promote the practice of colostrums feeding in pregnant women. Methods: Data collection was done through semi-structured questionnaire regarding colostrum feeding among pregnant women. Gynaecology and Obstetrics Outpatient Department (OPD) and Antenatal Ward of Military Hospital Rawalpindi were selected for study purpose. Results: This study showed that 65% of women heard about colostrums from various sources like media, family and friends, and 35% heard from the health professional during antenatal visits. Only 6% of women knew that it is nutritious milk for the new born. Only women (9%) were aware about its protective effects and had knowledge that it helps to improve the growth of the babies and fight against infections. 35% of women perceived that there is something harmful which is not good for the newborn while 25% of women asked that this is the milk to be fed to baby and 15% of women asked this the milk to be discarded before feeding. There were still many women (39%) who lacked knowledge about colostrum, only 14% of the women in this study knew that the appropriate time for feeding colostrum is immediately after birth (1/2-1hour), whereas 86% of women starts feeding after 6 - 24 hrs. Majority of them who came from the rural areas were uneducated. Conclusion: Many women were aware about the importance of colostrum but the data still indicate that further efforts are required to improve the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of colostrums feeding.展开更多
Isolated duodenal perforation(IDP)in pediatric trauma is rarely reported.Since most of the children with blunt trauma are managed expectantly,timely diagnosis is imperative to avoid morbidity and mortality.We report a...Isolated duodenal perforation(IDP)in pediatric trauma is rarely reported.Since most of the children with blunt trauma are managed expectantly,timely diagnosis is imperative to avoid morbidity and mortality.We report a case of IDP and emphasize on certain specific clinical features indicating possibility of duodenal injury.We also stress upon the role of early contrast-enhanced computerized tomography(CECT)in such cases.展开更多
Stroke survivors often experience debilitating neural,physical,and cognitive impairments,particularly affecting upper limb functions.Conventional rehabilitations,though effective,are perceived as slow and monotonous b...Stroke survivors often experience debilitating neural,physical,and cognitive impairments,particularly affecting upper limb functions.Conventional rehabilitations,though effective,are perceived as slow and monotonous by stroke survivors.This review explores the potential of Virtual Reality(VR)as an engaging rehabilitation approach to address such limitations.Our findings show that VR-based rehabilitations can be beneficial in restoring post-stroke upper limb functions and improving routine life of survivors.Moreover,VR offers adaptability,and user-friendliness across age groups.However,further research with larger sample size studies and stronger evidence base is needed to definitively establish the effectiveness of VR in post-stroke rehabilitation.展开更多
文摘生产过程信息管理系统PIMS(Process Information Man-agement Systems),是一个生产过程信息管理软件,它提供了一个生产过程信息集成和管理的平台。是专门针对现已广泛应用在工业企业的各种控制系统而设计的。控制系统包括:集散控制系统(DCS)、可编程控制器(PLC)、智能化仪表、现场总线仪表、数据采集与控制软件(HMI/SCADA)等。实现了办公室和生产现场的信息沟通。
基金National Natural Science Foundation ofChina (No.50375086)
文摘Green design and manufacturing is a proactive approach to minimize wastes during a product’s design stage, thus preventing future environmental impacts. Current modular design method mainly focuses on product functional and manufacturing issues. In this paper, a theoretical scheme of multi-objective modularity analysis for discrete electromechanical product design was proposed. Product physical architecture was represented by a fuzzy graph, where fuzzy relationships contain environmental objectives and influence module formulation. Finally the optimal product modules combining all objectives can be searched by clustering algorithm.
文摘Manual definition of inspection feature in Coordinate Measuring Machines(CMM)is time-consuming and error-potential.Since CAD model contains all design data,an integration system of CAD/CMM is constructed to automate above pro-cess.First,tolerance feature and its attributes,including tolerance type,value and tag of related geometry,are extracted from CAD model and written to QDAS file,based on feature technology.The tags are then added as attribute to related geometry in CAD model.Thereby they can be automatically remarked in the parameter list of their corresponding geometric item when exporting STEP file.At last,both STEP and QDAS file are imported to CMM system.Based on the mapping between geometric and toler-ance feature in neutral files,inspection features can be recognized by CMM without manual interruption.The system has been im-plemented on Unigraphics platform,and proved to applicable for all types of tolerance and geometry.
文摘Objective: To identify the differential expression of candidate gluconeogenic genes which may initiate hepatitis C virus(HCV) related metabolic disorder during early stages of disease. Methods: Patients of diverse age and sex, with positive HCV genotype 3(HCV-3) RNA in serum and with no history of other related infections, co-infections, alcoholism, diabetes or chemotherapeutic treatments were considered for this study. Semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR analysis and quantitative fold change analysis of the fresh liver biopsies of eight chronically infected HCV-3 patients and six healthy individuals were evaluated for three potential biomarkers involved in glucose homeostasis induction, namely mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2(PCK2), glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit(G6PC) and associated forkhead box protein 01(FOXO1). Results: Symptomatic evaluation, clinical history and blood test were conducted according to general disease prognosis procedures and reported here. Significantly upregulated expression of PCK2 independent of age, sex and viral infectivity levels in all HCV patients was observed, whereas no significant changes in the expression of G6 PC and FOXO1 were found. Conclusions: PCK2 triggers initial gluconeogenic reactions which ultimately result in the accumulation of glycogen in the liver hepatocytes. We therefore suggest that the overproduction of PCK2 has important physiological role in the onset of metabolic disorder in the HCV-3 patients.
文摘AIM To assess healthcare seeking trends among Pakistani children with acute respiratory infections through comparative analysis between demographic health surveys(DHS) 2006-2007 and 2012-2013. METHODS Data of the last born children 0-24 mo of age of the sampled households from both the DHS was analyzedafter seeking permission from the DHS open access website. These were children who had suffered from cough and/or breathing difficulty in the past two weeks and sought health care thereafter. The trends of health care seeking were determined separately for the individual, household and community level according to the study parameters. χ2 test was applied to compare these trends. A P-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Out of 2508 children in 2006-2007 there were 1590 with acute respiratory infections(ARI) according to case definition along with 2142 out of 3419 children in 2012-2013 DHS, whose data was analyzed. During 2006-2007, 69% cases sought healthcare for ARI which improved to 79% in 2012-2013. Additionally, it was revealed that when compared between 2006-2007 and 2012-2013, improvement in care seeking practices was observed among illiterate mothers(64% vs 77%) although there was minimal change in those literate. Similarly, those women working also showed an increase in healthcare seeking from 67% to 79%. Additionally, those belonging to low and middle socioeconomic class showed a marked increase as compared to those in the higher class where there was no significant change. Whereas those living in rural communities also showed an increase from 66% to 78%.CONCLUSION Increasing health budget, improving maternal education and strengthening multi-sectoral coordination are among the effective strategies to improve outcomes associated with healthcare seeking in ARI.
文摘2019-nCoV is the third consecutive coronavirus spread during the last 2 decades, but this time, unlike the previous two occasions, has achieved a pandemic proportion threatening widespread loss of human lives and a massive setback to the global economy. The situation warrants drastic measures in terms of preventing the spread of the virus and treating the virus-infected patients. The development of a new vaccine is a time-intensive option. Although efforts are underway to find possible pharmacological options, e.g., chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, existing antiviral agents, etc., in the meanwhile we may work on the combinatorial interventional approach of combining drug therapy with passive immune therapy. It would be prudent to use a convalescent serum therapy approach with the serum from COVID-19 patients who have recovered from the infection.
文摘Background: It is well known that colostrum is important for promoting health, growth and development of the newborn, and it also helps to prevent against the infections. Breast feeding is a common practice in Pakistan but the importance of colostrums feeding is still poorly understood due to cultural variations. Objectives: The objectives are to assess the knowledge about the importance of colostrums feeding and to promote the practice of colostrums feeding in pregnant women. Methods: Data collection was done through semi-structured questionnaire regarding colostrum feeding among pregnant women. Gynaecology and Obstetrics Outpatient Department (OPD) and Antenatal Ward of Military Hospital Rawalpindi were selected for study purpose. Results: This study showed that 65% of women heard about colostrums from various sources like media, family and friends, and 35% heard from the health professional during antenatal visits. Only 6% of women knew that it is nutritious milk for the new born. Only women (9%) were aware about its protective effects and had knowledge that it helps to improve the growth of the babies and fight against infections. 35% of women perceived that there is something harmful which is not good for the newborn while 25% of women asked that this is the milk to be fed to baby and 15% of women asked this the milk to be discarded before feeding. There were still many women (39%) who lacked knowledge about colostrum, only 14% of the women in this study knew that the appropriate time for feeding colostrum is immediately after birth (1/2-1hour), whereas 86% of women starts feeding after 6 - 24 hrs. Majority of them who came from the rural areas were uneducated. Conclusion: Many women were aware about the importance of colostrum but the data still indicate that further efforts are required to improve the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of colostrums feeding.
文摘Isolated duodenal perforation(IDP)in pediatric trauma is rarely reported.Since most of the children with blunt trauma are managed expectantly,timely diagnosis is imperative to avoid morbidity and mortality.We report a case of IDP and emphasize on certain specific clinical features indicating possibility of duodenal injury.We also stress upon the role of early contrast-enhanced computerized tomography(CECT)in such cases.
文摘Stroke survivors often experience debilitating neural,physical,and cognitive impairments,particularly affecting upper limb functions.Conventional rehabilitations,though effective,are perceived as slow and monotonous by stroke survivors.This review explores the potential of Virtual Reality(VR)as an engaging rehabilitation approach to address such limitations.Our findings show that VR-based rehabilitations can be beneficial in restoring post-stroke upper limb functions and improving routine life of survivors.Moreover,VR offers adaptability,and user-friendliness across age groups.However,further research with larger sample size studies and stronger evidence base is needed to definitively establish the effectiveness of VR in post-stroke rehabilitation.
