Oil palm fiber is a natural fiber derived from agricultural biomass and has gained significant attention as an alternative reinforcement material in composite materials due to its abundance,renewability,and environmen...Oil palm fiber is a natural fiber derived from agricultural biomass and has gained significant attention as an alternative reinforcement material in composite materials due to its abundance,renewability,and environmental benefits.This review explores the various enhancement techniques applied to oil palm fiber to improve its properties for composite material development.Key areas of focus include chemical treatments,physical modifications,and hybridization with other fibers to improve fiber-matrix bonding,mechanical strength,and thermal stability.Integration of nanomaterials and bio-based resins to enhance the performance and sustainability of oil palm fiber composites is also discussed.Applications in industries such as automotive,construction,packaging,and consumer goods highlighted the potential for these composites to replace traditional,non-renewable materials.Challenges such as fiber variability,production scalability,and market adoption were examined,along with future directions in advancing oil palm fiber-based composites.展开更多
The utilization of oil palm biomass in the production of high-value products has increased substantially.Due to the presence of sugars and starches in their tissues,oil palms have an exceptionally low natural resistan...The utilization of oil palm biomass in the production of high-value products has increased substantially.Due to the presence of sugars and starches in their tissues,oil palms have an exceptionally low natural resistance to fungi,making them susceptible to contamination.In this study,the properties of particleboard made from oil palmfibers,namely empty fruit bunches(EFB),oil palm trunks(OPT),and oil palm fronds(OPF)fibers and its poten-tial for fungal attack were evaluated.The chemical composition,spectroscopic characterization,morphological features,and elemental analysis of oil palm biomassfibers were identified and thoroughly examined.The mechan-ical properties and dimensional stability of the boards were assessed based on Japanese Industrial Standards(JIS)and American National Standards Institute(ANSI)guidelines.The density,strength,and moisture resistance of particleboard made from OPTfibers may vary from those made from OPF and EFB due to inherent changes in chemical composition andfiber structure.These differences have an impact on the overall performance of the particleboard.Based on the ANOVA and Tukey’s test results,significant differences in elasticity properties were observed mainly between OPT and otherfibers,while bending strength revealed notable differences between various pairs of particleboards.The evaluation also highlighted variations in dimensional stability and water absorption capabilities.However,bending strength properties did not demonstrate any significant deviations.For the fungi test,fungal activity on the boards was observed over a two-week period in a controlled environment.The study revealed that oil palm-based particleboard exhibited susceptibility to fungal attacks,particularly from Aspergillus sp.,Trichoderma sp.,and Paecilomyces variotii.Thesefindings highlight the necessity for additional treatments to control or prevent fungal growth,thereby enhancing the commercial value of the particleboards.展开更多
The use of organic fertilizers is less expensive and advantageous for both the development of the plant and the sanitation of the environment. This is why this investigation aims to promote the ash from emptying of oi...The use of organic fertilizers is less expensive and advantageous for both the development of the plant and the sanitation of the environment. This is why this investigation aims to promote the ash from emptying of oil mill boilers as a source of organic fertilization in the production of palm bunches. To do this, different doses of oil mill boiler emptying ash were tested on oil palms in production. The results showed that the oil palms responded favorably regardless of the dose of oil mill boiler emptying ash. Thus, the comparison of the different doses Tv1 (1 kg), Tv2 (1.5 kg), Tv3 (2 kg), Tv4 (3 kg), Tv5 (4 kg), Tv6 (5 kg) and Tv7 (7 kg) showed that the high doses led to an increase in the weight of the bunches. Better still, the Tv6 treatment at a dose of 5 kg/tree proved to be optimal for good production of palm bunches with a gain of 73.9% compared to the treatment without oil mill boiler emptying ash (absolute control).展开更多
The global palm oil industry continues to face persistent negative campaigns,often framed around environmental degradation,human rights concerns,and sustainability failures.Despite various corrective efforts,such as R...The global palm oil industry continues to face persistent negative campaigns,often framed around environmental degradation,human rights concerns,and sustainability failures.Despite various corrective efforts,such as Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil(RSPO)certification and deforestation-free commitments,these narratives remain dominant,particularly in Western consumer markets.This study was conducted to examine how the absence of a unified communication strategy among palm oil stakeholders has contributed to the longevity and strength of these negative perceptions.This research employs a qualitative approach,utilizing the Systematic Literature Review(SLR)method,which is designed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis(PRISMA)protocol.Data collection was carried out through a structured search within the ScienceDirect database,focusing on peer-reviewed research articles published between 2022 and 2025.A total of 41 articles met the inclusion criteria after screening for relevance,publication type,time frame,and open-access availability.Thematic analysis was applied to identify key patterns related to stakeholder narratives,communication gaps,and strategic messaging.The findings indicate that a fragmented communication ecosystem among producers,processors,regulators,and certification bodies has significantly weakened the industry’s ability to counter external criticisms.In contrast,unified messaging strategies were found to be more effective in shaping public perception and influencing policy responses.The study concludes that alignment in stakeholder narratives is essential for reputational resilience.Future research should explore collaborative frameworks and institutional mechanisms that can foster unified storytelling across the global palm oil supply chain.展开更多
Fractionation of palm kernel oil （PKO） by short path distillation （SPD） at two feed flow rates （135 g/h and 195 g/h） and six distillation temperatures, TD,s （200, 210, 220, 230, 240 and 250 ℃） was investigate...Fractionation of palm kernel oil （PKO） by short path distillation （SPD） at two feed flow rates （135 g/h and 195 g/h） and six distillation temperatures, TD,s （200, 210, 220, 230, 240 and 250 ℃） was investigated. Other distillation parameters, such as vacuum pressure （0.001 mbar）, blade rotation speed （400 rpm） and temperature of the feed material （60 ℃） were kept constant. The fractionated products, known as residue and distillate, were analysed for physico-chemical properties including fatty acid composition （FAC）, triacylglycerol （TAG） composition, slip melting point （SMP）, thermal analysis by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and solid fat content （SFC）. Product yield was measured as well. Crystallisation behaviour of PKO and the fractionated products were studied by measurement of isothermal crystallisation, Tc,. at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ℃. The distillates, collected at all fractionation temperatures, were enriched with caprylic, capric and lauric acids. These fractions were also concentrated with low molecular weight and C36 TAGs. Distillates obtained at higher TDis （230-250 ℃） exhibited higher in SMP and SFC. On the other hand, the residual oils collected at all fractionation temperatures contained higher amount of long-chain fatty acid and palmitic acid. These fractions were enriched with high molecular weight TAGs. Residues obtained at lower Tois （200-220 ℃） were low in SMP and comparable SFC with PKO. Changes in fatty acid and TAG composition resulted in different crystallisation behaviour of the fractions. Distillates collected at all fractionation temperatures crystallised in a sharper peak while residues obtained at higher T Dis （230-250 ℃） showed broader crystallisation peaks, as shown by the DSC thermograms.展开更多
Fruits of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are consumed throughout the world and are a vital component of the diet in most Arabian countries. The effect of partial replacement of wheat flour with a 1:1 mixture of wh...Fruits of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are consumed throughout the world and are a vital component of the diet in most Arabian countries. The effect of partial replacement of wheat flour with a 1:1 mixture of wheat bran and date palm fruit powder on rheological properties of the biscuit dough was studied. Levels of mixture used were 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. Dough rheology (farinograph, extensograph properties) and biscuit quality (physical properties, colour, sensory evaluation) were assessed. Results obtained indicated that water absorption gradually increased by increasing the levels of wheat bran: palm date powder, meanwhile mixing tolerance index decreased. Dough stability, which indicates the dough strength, also found to decrease by increasing mixture of wheat bran and date powder (1:1). Furthermore, dough development time gradually increased by increasing the mixture at all levels. It was 6.04 min at level of 40% compared to the control (2.5 min). Extensograph results showed that dough energy and dough resistance to extension and proportional number also increased compared with control sample. The proportional number (R/E) ratios increased largely from 3.20 to 5.27 at the level of 40.0%. Ash and fibre contents gradually increased as the mixture levels increased. However, mineral content progressively increased by increasing the level of date powder in the mixture. Incorporation of wheat bran and date powder mixture decreased the spread of the biscuits from 55.66 to 52.82 mm without change in the thickness of the biscuits. Organoleptic properties revealed that quality of biscuits was acceptable at mixture level of 30%.展开更多
This paper depicts a brief review on the applications of packed supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) in palm oil analyses and purifications from early 1990s to date. Packed SFC has been used for the analyses of va...This paper depicts a brief review on the applications of packed supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) in palm oil analyses and purifications from early 1990s to date. Packed SFC has been used for the analyses of various palm oil components. The analytical separations have also been scaled up to preparative scale that leads to the recovery of high value components from palm oil. This review encompasses both analytical and preparative SFC in the oil palm processing.展开更多
The red palm weevil （RPW） Rhynchophorusferrugineus is one of the most invasive insect pests causing massive damage on date palms over the world. Synthetic pyrethroid insecticide beta-cyfluthrin has been evaluated ag...The red palm weevil （RPW） Rhynchophorusferrugineus is one of the most invasive insect pests causing massive damage on date palms over the world. Synthetic pyrethroid insecticide beta-cyfluthrin has been evaluated against developmental stages of RPW under laboratory conditions. These stages were exposed to residual film of the insecticide on transparent cups using a Potter precision laboratory spray tower. Percent mortality of males and females were recorded 0.5, 2.0 and 24 h after treatment. Furthermore, date palm offshoots were infested in mesh house, two months later, offshoots treated with 300 ppm （p.g/mL） beta-eyfluthrin using two methods dipping and injection. Bioassay test showed beta-cyfluthrin at 300 ppm caused 86,7% and 93,3% mortality against males and females after 2 h respectively with LC50 135.74 and 109.4 ppm. By increasing the concentration at 400 ppm, mortality reached 100% against males and females after 24 h, Developmental stages, eggs and larvae were more sensitive toward the insecticide, where at 120 ppm no eggs hatched after 96 h and 86.7% mortality was recorded at 200 ppm against larvae after 30 rain with LC50 93.19 ppm. In addition, dipping method of date palm offshoots in 300 ppm beta-cyfluthrin was a very convenient way to control all RPW stages compared to injection method. So, it possible to recommend this method for treating the date palm offshoots in such insecticide as one of the most important elements of integrated pest management for standardizing insecticide based quarantine protocols.展开更多
Composite materials from oil palmfiber enhance sustainability by utilizing renewable resources,reducing depen-dence on non-renewable materials,and lessening environmental impact.Despite their mechanical and dimen-sion...Composite materials from oil palmfiber enhance sustainability by utilizing renewable resources,reducing depen-dence on non-renewable materials,and lessening environmental impact.Despite their mechanical and dimen-sional stability limitations,oil palmfiber-based polymer composites offer significant advantages,such as natural abundance,potential weight reduction,and cost-effectiveness due to local availability and renewability.The growing interest in oil palm hybrid composites,made from blending differentfibers,is due to their custo-mizable mechanical and physical properties.Hybridization is one of the most effective methods to reinforce and improve the performance of oil palm-derived composite materials.This review investigates the structural qualities of hybrid composites made from oil palmfibers,their suitability for diverse applications,and recent advancements in thefield.By focusing on the availability,properties,applications,challenges,and future direc-tions of oil palmfiber hybrid composites,this review highlights the potential of these materials to enhance mechanical and functional properties,thereby contributing to sustainable development and innovation in com-posite materials.展开更多
Wax esters were derived from long chain fatty acids and long chain alcohols with chain length of 12 carbons or more. These compounds have many potential applications in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and food industries. ...Wax esters were derived from long chain fatty acids and long chain alcohols with chain length of 12 carbons or more. These compounds have many potential applications in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and food industries. The present work focuses on the synthesis of wax esters using palm fatty acid distillate and oleyl alcohol catalyzed by Amberlyst 15. Response surface methodology （RSM） based on a five-level, three-variable central composite design （CCD） was used to evaluate the interactive effects of synthesis, of amount of Amberlyst 15 catalyst （21.6-38.4% w/w）, reaction time （18-102 min） and molar ratio （palm fatty acid distillate to oleyl alcohol, 1：1.16-1：2.84） on the percentage conversion of palm fatty acid distillate. The optimum conditions derived via RSM were： amount of catalyst 33% w/w, reaction time 95 minute and palm fatty acid to oleyl alcohol molar ratio 1：2.7. The actual experimental conversion was 81.52% under optimum condition, which compared well to the maximum predicted value of 80.50%. Analysis of the yield showed that at optimum condition, 80.54% wax esters were produced.展开更多
The oil palm leaf miner, Coelaenomenodera lameensis, is currently the most destructive pest of oil palm in Ghana and other African oil palm growing countries, causing significant losses in fresh fruit bunch yield. Pro...The oil palm leaf miner, Coelaenomenodera lameensis, is currently the most destructive pest of oil palm in Ghana and other African oil palm growing countries, causing significant losses in fresh fruit bunch yield. Progressive pruning is an oil palm pruning method in which pruning is done at the same time as fresh fruit bunch harvesting. This study evaluated the impact of progressive pruning on leaf miner population in oil palm and how these two factors (leaf miner and progressive pruning) affect the yield of oil palm at the Benso Oil Palm Plantation Public listed company (BOPP. Plc). Five distinct blocks in the plantation were selected for observations on fronds at various ranks (33, 25, or 17) based on the degree of defoliation by counting the number of pests on leaflets at different phases of insect development. Fronds from selected plots were sampled in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The size of plots used for the study ranged between 19 to 45 hectares. A minimum of 78 fronds were evenly cut from each block for pest count depending on the block size. Secondary data on annual yields of fresh fruit bunches before and after the introduction of progressive pruning were also obtained from BOPP. Plc records from 2011-2020. The results from the analyzed data on leaf miner index before and after the introduction of progressive pruning showed that progressive pruning has, to a high extent (64% to 36%), reduced leaf miner populations in the plantation. Paired t-test on fresh fruit bunch yield has also revealed a significant (p < 0.001) increase in annual fresh fruit bunch yield due to progressive pruning. A regression analysis, however, revealed a lower rate of yield loss (3.05 to 2.70 tonnes) to leaf miner infestation after the introduction of progressive pruning. The study recommends progressive pruning as a key cultural practice for improving crop yields in leaf miner prone plantations.展开更多
In this paper,authors explained on the possibility of using IfSAR(Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar)data to design,plan and develop new oil palm plantation.The study was carried out in MPOB(Malaysian Palm Oil B...In this paper,authors explained on the possibility of using IfSAR(Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar)data to design,plan and develop new oil palm plantation.The study was carried out in MPOB(Malaysian Palm Oil Board)research station located in Jerantut,Pahang.The importance of the study was to demonstrate the process of using IfSAR data using geospatial technology to visualize the land assessment for better plantation planning and future management.Development of plantation database such as block mapping,palm trees,soil type,roads and drainage length,topography etc.will give alternative uses to decision makers and land owners.Integration of these technologies and the availability of more spatial data will make planning,developing and monitoring of the current and future plantation activities become easier.Under the present stringent requirement with respect to the environment,these technologies could assist the plantation in meeting the certification standards.展开更多
The reproductive behavior of red palm weevil, Rhynchophorusferrugineus Olivier was studied in laboratory with several sets of unmated females paired with unmated males for different periods. The treatments in these co...The reproductive behavior of red palm weevil, Rhynchophorusferrugineus Olivier was studied in laboratory with several sets of unmated females paired with unmated males for different periods. The treatments in these controlled mating experiments included single mating, multiple mating for 24 h, multiple mating weekly, multiple mating on alternate days and multiple mating uninterrupted with a control group. During the study, observations were made on the number of eggs laid, incubation period, hatching percentage, ovipositional periods and adult longevity. Though unmated females laid a large number of eggs, these were infertile. This study clearly showed significant differences in the egg-laying capacity of females exposed to different frequencies of mating. The average number of eggs laid varied from 98.9 ± 9.7 eggs in a single-time mated female to 195.8± 24.3 eggs in females allowed to mate on alternate days throughout their life. As far as the percentage of egg-hatching is concerned, there were significant differences in single and multiple mated females with 22.4 ± 3.3% hatching in one time mated females as compared to 85.2 ± 1.9% in alternate day mated females. This study also showed direct impact of female matings on the number of eggs laid and their hatching percentage. Moreover, the unmated and mated female groups showed no significant differences in oviposition and post-ovipositional period and also there was very little difference in male and female adult longevity.展开更多
Oil palm germplasm collected from Angola,Africa in 1991 were subjected to genetic variability potential studies.The collection was planted in the form of open-pollinated families as trials at the Malaysian Palm Oil Bo...Oil palm germplasm collected from Angola,Africa in 1991 were subjected to genetic variability potential studies.The collection was planted in the form of open-pollinated families as trials at the Malaysian Palm Oil Board(MPOB)Kluang Research Station,Johor,Malaysia,in 1994.Dura palms from 52 families and tenera palms from 44 families of MPOB-Angola were evaluated for their bunch yield and bunch quality components.The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic variability among the families and performance of MPOB-Angola germplasm for yield improvement.The analysis of variance(ANOVA)revealed highly significant differences between the dura and tenera families for most of the traits,suggesting the presence of high genetic variability,which is essential for breeding programmes.Among the duras,family AGO 02.02 displayed the best yield performance,with a high fresh fruit bunch,oil yield and total economic product at 240.40,29.46 and 37.93 kg palm^(-1)year^(-1),respectively.As for the teneras,family AGO 03.04 recorded the highest FFB yield and oil yield at 249.25 and 45.22 kg palm^(-1)year^(-1),respectively.Besides that,several families with big fruit sizes or producing a mean fruit weight of 14-17 g were also identified.Both dura and tenera from AGO 01.01 recorded the highest oil to bunch(O/B)of 17.76%and 28.65%,respectively.These findings will facilitate the selection of palms from the MPOB-Angola germplasm for future breeding programmes.展开更多
A survey was conducted in 2011 in the major date growing regions of Saudi Arabia to identify and evaluate date palms with fruit characteristics preferred by the producers and consumers. The regions in the Kingdom surv...A survey was conducted in 2011 in the major date growing regions of Saudi Arabia to identify and evaluate date palms with fruit characteristics preferred by the producers and consumers. The regions in the Kingdom surveyed for this purpose were Al-Zulfi, Al-Hassa, Najran, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah and AI-Qassim. Seventy palms from seedlings were initially identified for the study based on the following fruit characteristics, i.e., fruit length, breadth, weight, color, taste, texture, sugar content, external appearance and also the market value. Subsequently, 12 palms （Al-Afiah, Duhiba, Adbah, Aliah, Shamshula, Masifat Al-Asedy, Suwaid, Batlyah, AI-Nassar, Hussan, Sukariyat Al-Zulfi and Al-Hamat） mainly from the Zulfi and Riyadh regions were found to meet the required standards with potential for commercial date farming. Among these, fruits of Adbah had the highest total sugars of 72.9% followed by Duhiba with a total sugar content of 71.9%. Fruit length was maximum （49.1 mm） in the variety Allah, while the fruits of the variety Hussan recorded the maximum weight of 19.5 g. Furthermore, it is pertinent to mention that fruit size of the 12 selected cultivars was generally large and comparable to Majdool, a well-known date palm cultivar of North Africa. The fruits of the selected cultivars were also tasty and can be stored separately.展开更多
The effects of 6-benzylaminopurine （6-BA） on several physiological indexes of Caryota mitis and C. obtusa seedlings treated at varied temperatures were conducted, the leaves of the two palm species were sprayed with...The effects of 6-benzylaminopurine （6-BA） on several physiological indexes of Caryota mitis and C. obtusa seedlings treated at varied temperatures were conducted, the leaves of the two palm species were sprayed with 0, 25, 50 and 100 mg · L1 6-BA solutions, the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD）, and the contents of malondialdehyde （MDA）, proline, soluble protein, chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/b were determined under 25 ℃, 5 ℃ and 25 ℃ for 24 h, respectively. The dynamics of a series of important physiological components derived from the leaves were studied. It was indicated that all the above mentioned physiological indexes varied with different concentrations of 6-BA and temperature. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation values for different concentrations of 6-BA at the recovery temperature 25℃ were 0.33, 0.28, 0.92 and 0.33, respectively for C. mitis, and 0.20, 0.49, 0.56 and 0.63, respectively for C. obtusa. It was concluded that leaves sprayed with different concentrations of 6-BA could affect the cold tolerance of palm seedlings. The optimal concentration of 6-BA was different for different palm species.展开更多
文摘Oil palm fiber is a natural fiber derived from agricultural biomass and has gained significant attention as an alternative reinforcement material in composite materials due to its abundance,renewability,and environmental benefits.This review explores the various enhancement techniques applied to oil palm fiber to improve its properties for composite material development.Key areas of focus include chemical treatments,physical modifications,and hybridization with other fibers to improve fiber-matrix bonding,mechanical strength,and thermal stability.Integration of nanomaterials and bio-based resins to enhance the performance and sustainability of oil palm fiber composites is also discussed.Applications in industries such as automotive,construction,packaging,and consumer goods highlighted the potential for these composites to replace traditional,non-renewable materials.Challenges such as fiber variability,production scalability,and market adoption were examined,along with future directions in advancing oil palm fiber-based composites.
文摘The utilization of oil palm biomass in the production of high-value products has increased substantially.Due to the presence of sugars and starches in their tissues,oil palms have an exceptionally low natural resistance to fungi,making them susceptible to contamination.In this study,the properties of particleboard made from oil palmfibers,namely empty fruit bunches(EFB),oil palm trunks(OPT),and oil palm fronds(OPF)fibers and its poten-tial for fungal attack were evaluated.The chemical composition,spectroscopic characterization,morphological features,and elemental analysis of oil palm biomassfibers were identified and thoroughly examined.The mechan-ical properties and dimensional stability of the boards were assessed based on Japanese Industrial Standards(JIS)and American National Standards Institute(ANSI)guidelines.The density,strength,and moisture resistance of particleboard made from OPTfibers may vary from those made from OPF and EFB due to inherent changes in chemical composition andfiber structure.These differences have an impact on the overall performance of the particleboard.Based on the ANOVA and Tukey’s test results,significant differences in elasticity properties were observed mainly between OPT and otherfibers,while bending strength revealed notable differences between various pairs of particleboards.The evaluation also highlighted variations in dimensional stability and water absorption capabilities.However,bending strength properties did not demonstrate any significant deviations.For the fungi test,fungal activity on the boards was observed over a two-week period in a controlled environment.The study revealed that oil palm-based particleboard exhibited susceptibility to fungal attacks,particularly from Aspergillus sp.,Trichoderma sp.,and Paecilomyces variotii.Thesefindings highlight the necessity for additional treatments to control or prevent fungal growth,thereby enhancing the commercial value of the particleboards.
文摘The use of organic fertilizers is less expensive and advantageous for both the development of the plant and the sanitation of the environment. This is why this investigation aims to promote the ash from emptying of oil mill boilers as a source of organic fertilization in the production of palm bunches. To do this, different doses of oil mill boiler emptying ash were tested on oil palms in production. The results showed that the oil palms responded favorably regardless of the dose of oil mill boiler emptying ash. Thus, the comparison of the different doses Tv1 (1 kg), Tv2 (1.5 kg), Tv3 (2 kg), Tv4 (3 kg), Tv5 (4 kg), Tv6 (5 kg) and Tv7 (7 kg) showed that the high doses led to an increase in the weight of the bunches. Better still, the Tv6 treatment at a dose of 5 kg/tree proved to be optimal for good production of palm bunches with a gain of 73.9% compared to the treatment without oil mill boiler emptying ash (absolute control).
文摘The global palm oil industry continues to face persistent negative campaigns,often framed around environmental degradation,human rights concerns,and sustainability failures.Despite various corrective efforts,such as Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil(RSPO)certification and deforestation-free commitments,these narratives remain dominant,particularly in Western consumer markets.This study was conducted to examine how the absence of a unified communication strategy among palm oil stakeholders has contributed to the longevity and strength of these negative perceptions.This research employs a qualitative approach,utilizing the Systematic Literature Review(SLR)method,which is designed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis(PRISMA)protocol.Data collection was carried out through a structured search within the ScienceDirect database,focusing on peer-reviewed research articles published between 2022 and 2025.A total of 41 articles met the inclusion criteria after screening for relevance,publication type,time frame,and open-access availability.Thematic analysis was applied to identify key patterns related to stakeholder narratives,communication gaps,and strategic messaging.The findings indicate that a fragmented communication ecosystem among producers,processors,regulators,and certification bodies has significantly weakened the industry’s ability to counter external criticisms.In contrast,unified messaging strategies were found to be more effective in shaping public perception and influencing policy responses.The study concludes that alignment in stakeholder narratives is essential for reputational resilience.Future research should explore collaborative frameworks and institutional mechanisms that can foster unified storytelling across the global palm oil supply chain.
文摘Fractionation of palm kernel oil （PKO） by short path distillation （SPD） at two feed flow rates （135 g/h and 195 g/h） and six distillation temperatures, TD,s （200, 210, 220, 230, 240 and 250 ℃） was investigated. Other distillation parameters, such as vacuum pressure （0.001 mbar）, blade rotation speed （400 rpm） and temperature of the feed material （60 ℃） were kept constant. The fractionated products, known as residue and distillate, were analysed for physico-chemical properties including fatty acid composition （FAC）, triacylglycerol （TAG） composition, slip melting point （SMP）, thermal analysis by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and solid fat content （SFC）. Product yield was measured as well. Crystallisation behaviour of PKO and the fractionated products were studied by measurement of isothermal crystallisation, Tc,. at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ℃. The distillates, collected at all fractionation temperatures, were enriched with caprylic, capric and lauric acids. These fractions were also concentrated with low molecular weight and C36 TAGs. Distillates obtained at higher TDis （230-250 ℃） exhibited higher in SMP and SFC. On the other hand, the residual oils collected at all fractionation temperatures contained higher amount of long-chain fatty acid and palmitic acid. These fractions were enriched with high molecular weight TAGs. Residues obtained at lower Tois （200-220 ℃） were low in SMP and comparable SFC with PKO. Changes in fatty acid and TAG composition resulted in different crystallisation behaviour of the fractions. Distillates collected at all fractionation temperatures crystallised in a sharper peak while residues obtained at higher T Dis （230-250 ℃） showed broader crystallisation peaks, as shown by the DSC thermograms.
文摘Fruits of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are consumed throughout the world and are a vital component of the diet in most Arabian countries. The effect of partial replacement of wheat flour with a 1:1 mixture of wheat bran and date palm fruit powder on rheological properties of the biscuit dough was studied. Levels of mixture used were 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. Dough rheology (farinograph, extensograph properties) and biscuit quality (physical properties, colour, sensory evaluation) were assessed. Results obtained indicated that water absorption gradually increased by increasing the levels of wheat bran: palm date powder, meanwhile mixing tolerance index decreased. Dough stability, which indicates the dough strength, also found to decrease by increasing mixture of wheat bran and date powder (1:1). Furthermore, dough development time gradually increased by increasing the mixture at all levels. It was 6.04 min at level of 40% compared to the control (2.5 min). Extensograph results showed that dough energy and dough resistance to extension and proportional number also increased compared with control sample. The proportional number (R/E) ratios increased largely from 3.20 to 5.27 at the level of 40.0%. Ash and fibre contents gradually increased as the mixture levels increased. However, mineral content progressively increased by increasing the level of date powder in the mixture. Incorporation of wheat bran and date powder mixture decreased the spread of the biscuits from 55.66 to 52.82 mm without change in the thickness of the biscuits. Organoleptic properties revealed that quality of biscuits was acceptable at mixture level of 30%.
文摘This paper depicts a brief review on the applications of packed supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) in palm oil analyses and purifications from early 1990s to date. Packed SFC has been used for the analyses of various palm oil components. The analytical separations have also been scaled up to preparative scale that leads to the recovery of high value components from palm oil. This review encompasses both analytical and preparative SFC in the oil palm processing.
文摘The red palm weevil （RPW） Rhynchophorusferrugineus is one of the most invasive insect pests causing massive damage on date palms over the world. Synthetic pyrethroid insecticide beta-cyfluthrin has been evaluated against developmental stages of RPW under laboratory conditions. These stages were exposed to residual film of the insecticide on transparent cups using a Potter precision laboratory spray tower. Percent mortality of males and females were recorded 0.5, 2.0 and 24 h after treatment. Furthermore, date palm offshoots were infested in mesh house, two months later, offshoots treated with 300 ppm （p.g/mL） beta-eyfluthrin using two methods dipping and injection. Bioassay test showed beta-cyfluthrin at 300 ppm caused 86,7% and 93,3% mortality against males and females after 2 h respectively with LC50 135.74 and 109.4 ppm. By increasing the concentration at 400 ppm, mortality reached 100% against males and females after 24 h, Developmental stages, eggs and larvae were more sensitive toward the insecticide, where at 120 ppm no eggs hatched after 96 h and 86.7% mortality was recorded at 200 ppm against larvae after 30 rain with LC50 93.19 ppm. In addition, dipping method of date palm offshoots in 300 ppm beta-cyfluthrin was a very convenient way to control all RPW stages compared to injection method. So, it possible to recommend this method for treating the date palm offshoots in such insecticide as one of the most important elements of integrated pest management for standardizing insecticide based quarantine protocols.
文摘Composite materials from oil palmfiber enhance sustainability by utilizing renewable resources,reducing depen-dence on non-renewable materials,and lessening environmental impact.Despite their mechanical and dimen-sional stability limitations,oil palmfiber-based polymer composites offer significant advantages,such as natural abundance,potential weight reduction,and cost-effectiveness due to local availability and renewability.The growing interest in oil palm hybrid composites,made from blending differentfibers,is due to their custo-mizable mechanical and physical properties.Hybridization is one of the most effective methods to reinforce and improve the performance of oil palm-derived composite materials.This review investigates the structural qualities of hybrid composites made from oil palmfibers,their suitability for diverse applications,and recent advancements in thefield.By focusing on the availability,properties,applications,challenges,and future direc-tions of oil palmfiber hybrid composites,this review highlights the potential of these materials to enhance mechanical and functional properties,thereby contributing to sustainable development and innovation in com-posite materials.
文摘Wax esters were derived from long chain fatty acids and long chain alcohols with chain length of 12 carbons or more. These compounds have many potential applications in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and food industries. The present work focuses on the synthesis of wax esters using palm fatty acid distillate and oleyl alcohol catalyzed by Amberlyst 15. Response surface methodology （RSM） based on a five-level, three-variable central composite design （CCD） was used to evaluate the interactive effects of synthesis, of amount of Amberlyst 15 catalyst （21.6-38.4% w/w）, reaction time （18-102 min） and molar ratio （palm fatty acid distillate to oleyl alcohol, 1：1.16-1：2.84） on the percentage conversion of palm fatty acid distillate. The optimum conditions derived via RSM were： amount of catalyst 33% w/w, reaction time 95 minute and palm fatty acid to oleyl alcohol molar ratio 1：2.7. The actual experimental conversion was 81.52% under optimum condition, which compared well to the maximum predicted value of 80.50%. Analysis of the yield showed that at optimum condition, 80.54% wax esters were produced.
文摘The oil palm leaf miner, Coelaenomenodera lameensis, is currently the most destructive pest of oil palm in Ghana and other African oil palm growing countries, causing significant losses in fresh fruit bunch yield. Progressive pruning is an oil palm pruning method in which pruning is done at the same time as fresh fruit bunch harvesting. This study evaluated the impact of progressive pruning on leaf miner population in oil palm and how these two factors (leaf miner and progressive pruning) affect the yield of oil palm at the Benso Oil Palm Plantation Public listed company (BOPP. Plc). Five distinct blocks in the plantation were selected for observations on fronds at various ranks (33, 25, or 17) based on the degree of defoliation by counting the number of pests on leaflets at different phases of insect development. Fronds from selected plots were sampled in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The size of plots used for the study ranged between 19 to 45 hectares. A minimum of 78 fronds were evenly cut from each block for pest count depending on the block size. Secondary data on annual yields of fresh fruit bunches before and after the introduction of progressive pruning were also obtained from BOPP. Plc records from 2011-2020. The results from the analyzed data on leaf miner index before and after the introduction of progressive pruning showed that progressive pruning has, to a high extent (64% to 36%), reduced leaf miner populations in the plantation. Paired t-test on fresh fruit bunch yield has also revealed a significant (p < 0.001) increase in annual fresh fruit bunch yield due to progressive pruning. A regression analysis, however, revealed a lower rate of yield loss (3.05 to 2.70 tonnes) to leaf miner infestation after the introduction of progressive pruning. The study recommends progressive pruning as a key cultural practice for improving crop yields in leaf miner prone plantations.
文摘In this paper,authors explained on the possibility of using IfSAR(Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar)data to design,plan and develop new oil palm plantation.The study was carried out in MPOB(Malaysian Palm Oil Board)research station located in Jerantut,Pahang.The importance of the study was to demonstrate the process of using IfSAR data using geospatial technology to visualize the land assessment for better plantation planning and future management.Development of plantation database such as block mapping,palm trees,soil type,roads and drainage length,topography etc.will give alternative uses to decision makers and land owners.Integration of these technologies and the availability of more spatial data will make planning,developing and monitoring of the current and future plantation activities become easier.Under the present stringent requirement with respect to the environment,these technologies could assist the plantation in meeting the certification standards.
文摘The reproductive behavior of red palm weevil, Rhynchophorusferrugineus Olivier was studied in laboratory with several sets of unmated females paired with unmated males for different periods. The treatments in these controlled mating experiments included single mating, multiple mating for 24 h, multiple mating weekly, multiple mating on alternate days and multiple mating uninterrupted with a control group. During the study, observations were made on the number of eggs laid, incubation period, hatching percentage, ovipositional periods and adult longevity. Though unmated females laid a large number of eggs, these were infertile. This study clearly showed significant differences in the egg-laying capacity of females exposed to different frequencies of mating. The average number of eggs laid varied from 98.9 ± 9.7 eggs in a single-time mated female to 195.8± 24.3 eggs in females allowed to mate on alternate days throughout their life. As far as the percentage of egg-hatching is concerned, there were significant differences in single and multiple mated females with 22.4 ± 3.3% hatching in one time mated females as compared to 85.2 ± 1.9% in alternate day mated females. This study also showed direct impact of female matings on the number of eggs laid and their hatching percentage. Moreover, the unmated and mated female groups showed no significant differences in oviposition and post-ovipositional period and also there was very little difference in male and female adult longevity.
文摘Oil palm germplasm collected from Angola,Africa in 1991 were subjected to genetic variability potential studies.The collection was planted in the form of open-pollinated families as trials at the Malaysian Palm Oil Board(MPOB)Kluang Research Station,Johor,Malaysia,in 1994.Dura palms from 52 families and tenera palms from 44 families of MPOB-Angola were evaluated for their bunch yield and bunch quality components.The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic variability among the families and performance of MPOB-Angola germplasm for yield improvement.The analysis of variance(ANOVA)revealed highly significant differences between the dura and tenera families for most of the traits,suggesting the presence of high genetic variability,which is essential for breeding programmes.Among the duras,family AGO 02.02 displayed the best yield performance,with a high fresh fruit bunch,oil yield and total economic product at 240.40,29.46 and 37.93 kg palm^(-1)year^(-1),respectively.As for the teneras,family AGO 03.04 recorded the highest FFB yield and oil yield at 249.25 and 45.22 kg palm^(-1)year^(-1),respectively.Besides that,several families with big fruit sizes or producing a mean fruit weight of 14-17 g were also identified.Both dura and tenera from AGO 01.01 recorded the highest oil to bunch(O/B)of 17.76%and 28.65%,respectively.These findings will facilitate the selection of palms from the MPOB-Angola germplasm for future breeding programmes.
文摘A survey was conducted in 2011 in the major date growing regions of Saudi Arabia to identify and evaluate date palms with fruit characteristics preferred by the producers and consumers. The regions in the Kingdom surveyed for this purpose were Al-Zulfi, Al-Hassa, Najran, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah and AI-Qassim. Seventy palms from seedlings were initially identified for the study based on the following fruit characteristics, i.e., fruit length, breadth, weight, color, taste, texture, sugar content, external appearance and also the market value. Subsequently, 12 palms （Al-Afiah, Duhiba, Adbah, Aliah, Shamshula, Masifat Al-Asedy, Suwaid, Batlyah, AI-Nassar, Hussan, Sukariyat Al-Zulfi and Al-Hamat） mainly from the Zulfi and Riyadh regions were found to meet the required standards with potential for commercial date farming. Among these, fruits of Adbah had the highest total sugars of 72.9% followed by Duhiba with a total sugar content of 71.9%. Fruit length was maximum （49.1 mm） in the variety Allah, while the fruits of the variety Hussan recorded the maximum weight of 19.5 g. Furthermore, it is pertinent to mention that fruit size of the 12 selected cultivars was generally large and comparable to Majdool, a well-known date palm cultivar of North Africa. The fruits of the selected cultivars were also tasty and can be stored separately.
基金Supported by Fund of Xiamen Municipal Science&Technology Commision(3502Z20092019)
文摘The effects of 6-benzylaminopurine （6-BA） on several physiological indexes of Caryota mitis and C. obtusa seedlings treated at varied temperatures were conducted, the leaves of the two palm species were sprayed with 0, 25, 50 and 100 mg · L1 6-BA solutions, the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD）, and the contents of malondialdehyde （MDA）, proline, soluble protein, chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/b were determined under 25 ℃, 5 ℃ and 25 ℃ for 24 h, respectively. The dynamics of a series of important physiological components derived from the leaves were studied. It was indicated that all the above mentioned physiological indexes varied with different concentrations of 6-BA and temperature. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation values for different concentrations of 6-BA at the recovery temperature 25℃ were 0.33, 0.28, 0.92 and 0.33, respectively for C. mitis, and 0.20, 0.49, 0.56 and 0.63, respectively for C. obtusa. It was concluded that leaves sprayed with different concentrations of 6-BA could affect the cold tolerance of palm seedlings. The optimal concentration of 6-BA was different for different palm species.
