The rapid advancement of modern electronics has led to a surge in solid electronic waste,which poses significant environmental and health challenges.This review focuses on recent developments in paper-based electronic...The rapid advancement of modern electronics has led to a surge in solid electronic waste,which poses significant environmental and health challenges.This review focuses on recent developments in paper-based electronic devices fabricated through low-cost,hand-printing techniques,with particular emphasis on their applications in energy harvesting,storage,and sensing.Unlike conventional plastic-based substrates,cellulose paper offers several advantages,including biodegradability,recyclability,and low fabrication cost.By integrating functional nanomaterials such as two-dimensional chalcogenides,metal oxides,conductive polymers,and carbon-based structures onto paper,researchers have achieved high-performance devices such as broadband photodetectors(responsivity up to 52 mA/W),supercapacitors(energy density~15.1 mWh/cm^(2)),and pressure sensors(sensitivity~18.42 kPa^(-1)).The hand-printing approach,which eliminates the need for sophisticated equipment and toxic solvents,offers a promising route for scalable,sustainable,and disposable electronics.This review outlines fabrication methods and key performance metrics,and discusses the current challenges and future directions for realizing robust,flexible devices aligned with green technology and the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.展开更多
AIM: To determine the incidence and risk factors for colorectal cancer(CRC) in patients with ulcerative colitis from a low prevalence region for CRC.METHODS: Our prospective database yielded a cohort of 430 patients [...AIM: To determine the incidence and risk factors for colorectal cancer(CRC) in patients with ulcerative colitis from a low prevalence region for CRC.METHODS: Our prospective database yielded a cohort of 430 patients [age: 44 ± 14.6 years; 248 men(57.7%)] with ulcerative colitis(median disease duration 6, range: 1-39 years) for analysis. Of these, 131(30.5%) had left-sided colitis and 159(37%) extensive colitis. Patients with histologically confirmed CRC within the segment with colitis were compared with those without CRC, to determine the risk factors for the development of CRC.RESULTS: Twelve patients(2.8%) developed CRC. The overall incidence density was 3.56/1000 patient-years of disease- 3/1000 in the first 10 years, 3.3/1000 at 10 to 20 years, and 7/1000 at > 20 years. Three of our 12 patients developed CRC within 8 years of disease onset. On univariate analysis, extensive colitis, longer duration of disease, and poor control of disease were associated with development of CRC. On multivariate analysis, duration of disease and extent of colitis remained significant.CONCLUSION: CRC occurred in 2.8% of patients with ulcerative colitis in our population- an incidence density similar to that in Western countries in spite of a low overall prevalence of colon cancer in our population.The risk increased with extent and duration of disease.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the leading primary liver cancer and its clinical outcome is still poor. MicroRNAs(mi RNAs) have demonstrated an interesting potential to regulate gene expression at post-transcription...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the leading primary liver cancer and its clinical outcome is still poor. MicroRNAs(mi RNAs) have demonstrated an interesting potential to regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level. Current findings suggest that mi RNAs deregulation in cancer is caused by genetic and/or epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional modifications resulting in abnormal expression and hallmarks of malignant transformation: aberrant cell growth, cell death, differentiation, angiogenesis, invasion and metástasis. The important role of mi RNAs in the development and progression of HCC has increased the efforts to understand and develop mechanisms of control overt this single-stranded RNAs. Several studies have analyzed tumoral response to the regulation and control of deregulated mi RNAs with good results in vitro and in vivo, proving that targeting aberrant expression of mi RNAs is a powerful anticancer therapeutic. Identification of up and/or down regulated mi RNAs related to HCC has led to the discovery of new potential application for detection of their presence in the affected organism. Mi RNAs represent a relevant new target for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment in a wide variety of pathologic entities, including HCC. This manuscript intends to summarize current knowledge regarding mi RNAs and their role in HCC development.展开更多
Potential of nanoscale triazine based dendritic macromolecules G1,G2 and G3 as solubility enhancers of drug was investigated.Effect of pH,concentration and generation of synthesized dendritic macromolecules on solubil...Potential of nanoscale triazine based dendritic macromolecules G1,G2 and G3 as solubility enhancers of drug was investigated.Effect of pH,concentration and generation of synthesized dendritic macromolecules on solubility of ketoprofen was studied.G3 dendrimer was further exploited as carrier for sustained release.Ketoprofen was encapsulated by inclusion complex method and also characterized by Flourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy.Sustained release study of ketoprofen from ketoprofen loaded dendrimer was carried out and compared with free ketoprofen.Hemolytic potential and Cytotoxicity assay using A-549 lung cancer cell lines revealed that synthesized triazine based dendritic macromolecules having more potential that commercially available PAMAM dendrimer.展开更多
Currently,there is growing interest regarding prostatespecific antigen(PSA) and the cardiovascular system.Increased PSA serum levels have been reported after prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation,cardiac surgery,ext...Currently,there is growing interest regarding prostatespecific antigen(PSA) and the cardiovascular system.Increased PSA serum levels have been reported after prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation,cardiac surgery,extracorporeal cardiopulmonary bypass,acute myocardial infarction(AMI) and coronary artery stenting.The possible role of PSA in cardiac events has been questioned due to the finding of PSA decrease during AMI and by the correlation of variation in PSA levels with coronary lesions and occurrence of major adverse cardiac events.Complexed PSA forms and uncomplexed PSA forms are observed in the bloodstream but the increasing formation of irreversible bound PSA seems to be a crucial finding during AMI.Large studies need to be carried out to confirm these preliminary results and to elucidate unclear aspects.These findings present many potential directions for future research including the role of uncomplexed forms of PSA,the possible distribution of PSA in the heart,the relative expression levels in heart disease states,the mode of expression regulation and other potential specific substrates.The journey of PSA investigation could be longer than initially expected.展开更多
Purpose: Osteoporosis is a global health disease. Increasing life span will add to the burden of osteoporosis, especially in postmenopausal women. The lifetime risk of osteoporotic fractures is 30% to 40%. Fractures p...Purpose: Osteoporosis is a global health disease. Increasing life span will add to the burden of osteoporosis, especially in postmenopausal women. The lifetime risk of osteoporotic fractures is 30% to 40%. Fractures pose an extensive burden on healthcare resources. Therefore, early diagnosis of osteoporosis is necessary. Methods: In this review, we provide a comprehensive approach to the current epidemiology, diagnosis aspects, treatments and fracture management in relation to the osteoporosis. Results: In assessing osteoporotic patients, good medical history with identification of clinical risk factors should be done. Along with basic blood investigations, bone mineral density, vertebral imaging, and bone turnover markers can aid the accurate diagnosis of bone loss. Modification of risk factors and dietary interventions are the first step in managing osteoporosis. Multiple options can be tailored to the individual needs in the treatment of osteoporosis. The frequency and duration for which the treatment is continued depend on the individual response to treatment. For fractures, surgical management is necessary whereas pharmacological interventions are needed to prevent further fractures. As osteoporosis often goes unrecognized until one or more fractures occur, it is important to understand the impact of osteoporosis. Conclusion: Osteoporosis remains a significant health problem globally that needs immediate attention to improve bone quality and prevent fractures associated with it optimally.展开更多
In acute coronary syndrome(ACS),the use of anticoagulants in conjunction with antiplatelet agents in the acute phase has resulted in reduced ischemic events and is more effective than either class of drug used alone.T...In acute coronary syndrome(ACS),the use of anticoagulants in conjunction with antiplatelet agents in the acute phase has resulted in reduced ischemic events and is more effective than either class of drug used alone.Though parenteral anticoagulation is essential at the time of diagnosis,a balance must be made between ischemic benefit and the increased risk of bleeding when prescribing anticoagulants.Adverse events associated with anticoagulants,such as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia,bleeding problems,and the need for close monitoring of anticoagulant activity,have contributed to finding agents that reduce these limitations.Studies like the Organization to Assess Strategies in Ischemic Syndromes 5 and 6 and their meta-analysis have proven the efficacy of Fondaparinux over the entire ACS spectrum.The convenience of administration(once daily),lack of monitoring,reduction in mortality,and better safety profile make Fondaparinux a simple and effective anti-coagulant for the management of ACS.展开更多
V-4Cr-4Ti is the leading candidate vanadium alloy as structural material of a V-Li blanket. Due to the interaction between Ti and interstitial solutes of C, N, and O, precipitation occurs at 600--700℃, increases the ...V-4Cr-4Ti is the leading candidate vanadium alloy as structural material of a V-Li blanket. Due to the interaction between Ti and interstitial solutes of C, N, and O, precipitation occurs at 600--700℃, increases the alloy strength significantly but reduce its ductility. As the ductility reduction is in an acceptable level, the strengthening might be utilized for the components that are subjected to high stress levels. Although cold work （CW） is known as an effective way to strengthen an alloy, so far few reports were found on strengthening a vanadium alloy by cold rolling.展开更多
Using electromagnetic treatment, an expression of effective nonlinear optical susceptibility χe [= χe^（2） ＋ χe^（3） E] is obtained for Ⅲ-Ⅴ semiconducting crystals in an applied transverse dc magnetic fieM und...Using electromagnetic treatment, an expression of effective nonlinear optical susceptibility χe [= χe^（2） ＋ χe^（3） E] is obtained for Ⅲ-Ⅴ semiconducting crystals in an applied transverse dc magnetic fieM under off-resonant transition regime. The origin of nonlinear interaction lies in nonlinear polarization arising from the crystal properties such as piezoelectricity and electrostriction. Numerical estimates have been made by a representative n-InSb crystal at 77K duly irradiated by a pulsed 10.6-μm CO2 laser under off-resonant transition regime. Efforts are dedicated to optimizing doping level and externally applied dc magnetic field to achieve maximum χe^（2） and χ3^（3）. The results are found to be in good agreement with the available literature. The analysis shows that χe^（2） and χe^（3） can be significantly enhanced in doped Ⅲ-Ⅴ semiconductors by the proper selection of doping concentration and dc magnetic field, which confirms its potential as a candidate material for the fabrication of nonlinear optical devices.展开更多
We report clinical, CT, invasive coronary angiography and intra-operative findings of a symptomatic elderly man with anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA). ALCAPA is a rare syndrome w...We report clinical, CT, invasive coronary angiography and intra-operative findings of a symptomatic elderly man with anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA). ALCAPA is a rare syndrome with anomalous origin of left main coronary artery (LMCA) from main pulmonary artery (MPA). Survival into adulthood is rare and our case is probably the oldest survivor who has undergone two coronary system repairs for this anomaly. The unique features of our case include: 1) Absence of “q” wave myocardial infarction on ECG;2) Absence of significant mitral regurgitation;3) Demonstration of stress induced perfusion defects in nuclear imaging which as per our knowledge has been done for the first time in the literature;4) A unique technique of closing anomalous LMCA origin by a pericardial patch, sutured on the internal aspect of MPA is the hallmark of this case.展开更多
Background: Asian cultures require floor-seated positions demanding a high range of motion (ROM). Ceramic-On-Ceramic (COC) interface allowed the use of larger head with reduced wear debris generation and adverse tissu...Background: Asian cultures require floor-seated positions demanding a high range of motion (ROM). Ceramic-On-Ceramic (COC) interface allowed the use of larger head with reduced wear debris generation and adverse tissue reactions. This study was conducted to analyze 6-year clinical-radiological outcome with large head fourth generation DeltaMotion®ceramic-on-ceramic (COC) hip articulation, with special emphasis on postoperative ROM, ability to sit cross-legged, stability, hip noise and revision surgery. Material and Methods: 150 consecutive hips were operated for primary cementless Total Hip Replacement (THR) using DeltaMotion®at a tertiary care center in Mumbai, India, between January 2010 and January 2015. Clinico-radiological outcome was assessed using the Harris Hip Score (HHS) and radiographs at 6 weeks, 6 months, and annually thereafter. Results: 108 (74.5%) patients were males and 37 (25.5%) were females with an average age of 50.87 years. Mean follow-up was 54 months (range: 37 - 86 months). The mean ROM was 120° in flexion, 10° in extension, 30° in adduction, 45° in abduction, 25° in internal rotation and 25° in external rotation. The mean HHS showed a statistically significant improvement of 64.5% (from 54.66 ± 6.42 pre-operatively to 89.95 ± 4.32 post operatively) (p-value: 0.001). 92% of patients were able to sit in squatting position and 92% were able to sit cross-legged on the floor at last follow-up. 0.7% joints (1 hip) had squeaking. Considering no revision surgery as the end point, 6-year prosthesis survivorship was 100%. Complications (superficial infection) occurred in three hips (2%). All patients reported to be satisfied with their outcome after surgery. Conclusion: We infer that DeltaMotion large head COC bearing allows scope for using larger head size in relatively smaller Indian hips due to factory fitted ceramic lining. At 6-year follow-up, high activity level was observed with excellent clinical-radiological outcomes and component longevity in relatively young Indian population.展开更多
Aim: In tricompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee, the patellofemoral articulation is severely affected due to degenerative changes. Patellaplasty is done as a part of total knee arthroplasty in these cases to smoot...Aim: In tricompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee, the patellofemoral articulation is severely affected due to degenerative changes. Patellaplasty is done as a part of total knee arthroplasty in these cases to smoothen the articular surface of patella. However, an ideal technique with easy reproducibility has been scarcely reported for the same. Method: We describe a method of using electrocautery and power saw with thin blades for patellaplasty. Results: Using this technique, we have produced results, which are comparable with cases where patellar resurfacing has been done. Conclusion: This described method for patellaplasty is easy with good reproducibility.展开更多
<b><span>Background</span></b><b><span>: </span></b><span>Bisphosphonate abuse is associated with atypical femur fractures, which despite different fixation method...<b><span>Background</span></b><b><span>: </span></b><span>Bisphosphonate abuse is associated with atypical femur fractures, which despite different fixation methods have increased non-union, delayed union, and re-operation rates. Therefore, there is a need for a surgical technique that may enhance union in such cases. Herein we are introducing a novel technique of sequential multiple vigorous reaming across the fracture site to introduce reaming debris/endosteal bone graft around the fracture site.</span><span> </span><b><span>Materials and Methods</span></b><b><span>: </span></b><span>We present a retrospective analysis of five prospectively treated patients with atypical diaphyseal femur fracture who presented to us from January 2015 to August 2019.</span><span> </span><span>All the patients were followed up at regular intervals and assessed both clinically and radiologically.</span><span> </span><b><span>Results</span></b><b><span>: </span></b><span>All 5 cases operated with our technique showed union at a mean follow-up of 16 weeks (12</span><span> </span><span>-</span><span> </span><span>20 weeks). There were no complications reported in our study at the last mean follow-up of 25 months (12</span><span> </span><span>-</span><span> </span><span>51 months).</span><span> </span><b><span>Conclusion</span></b><b><span>: </span></b><span>This technique of multiple vigorous reaming at and around the fracture site provides a new paradigm in the management of AFF. The autograft around the outer cortex promotes the formation of bridging callus and results in the early union.</span>展开更多
To improve high quality and/or retain achieved high quality of an academic program, time to time evaluation for quality of each covered course is often an integrated aspect considered in reputed institutions, however,...To improve high quality and/or retain achieved high quality of an academic program, time to time evaluation for quality of each covered course is often an integrated aspect considered in reputed institutions, however, there has been little effort regarding humanities courses. This research article deals with analysis of evaluation data collected regarding humanities course from a College of Commerce & Economics, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, on Likert type items. Appropriateness of one parametric measure and three non-parametric measures are discussed and used in this regard which could provide useful clues for educational policy planners. Keeping in view of the analytical results using these four measures, regardless of the threshold regarding satisfaction among students, overall performance of almost every subject has been un-satisfactory. There is a need to make a focused approach to take every course at the level of high performance. The inconsistency noticed under every threshold further revealed that under such poorly performing subjects globally, one needs to analyze merely at the global level item. Once the global level analysis reveals high performance of a course, then only item specific analysis may need to be focused to find out the items requiring further improvements.展开更多
<b>Background:</b><span "=""> The relationship of preoperative D-dimer and Venous thromboembolism (VTE) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) remains con...<b>Background:</b><span "=""> The relationship of preoperative D-dimer and Venous thromboembolism (VTE) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess the value of D-dimer in the detection of early VTE after TKA and THA. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 312 patients were evaluated in this retrospective study from 2016 to 2020 at a tertiary care centre, Mumbai who were operated for THA and TKA. The measurement of plasma D-dimer level was done preoperatively and clinically symptomatic patients were evaluated and confirmed for VTE by Colour Doppler Sonography. The plasma D-dimer levels were correlated statistically with the sonographic VTE. <b>Results:</b> 11 patients developed Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and 1 patient developed Pulmonary embolism (PE). Preoperative plasma D-dimer levels were significantly higher</span><span "=""> </span>(P < 0.01) in patients who developed DVT postoperatively. Colour Doppler Sonography showed that 2 thrombi were seen in proximal veins<span "=""> </span><span "="">(pelvic and femoral veins), and 2 thrombi were seen in distal veins (posterior tibial, peroneal, gastrocnemian veins) of the calf in THA patients, and all 8 thrombi were seen in the distal veins (posterior tibial, peroneal, gastrocnemian veins) of the calf in TKA patients. <b>Conclusion:</b> We infer that if the preoperative D-dimer levels were more than 0.5</span><span "=""> </span>mg/l, the chances of developing VTE postoperatively are more, which can be diagnosed clinically and further by other investigations. In this study, we have shown that doing preoperative D-dimer level can almost PREDICT the development of VTE and thus prevent complications.展开更多
The present paper deals with development of a course evaluation survey (CES) questionnaire regarding evaluation of humanities courses (e.g., Commerce/Economics/Law) and assessment of its validity and reliability. Taki...The present paper deals with development of a course evaluation survey (CES) questionnaire regarding evaluation of humanities courses (e.g., Commerce/Economics/Law) and assessment of its validity and reliability. Taking help from available questionnaires and also incorporating views from the teachers of the related subjects, the relevant Likert type items were selected. The drafted version of the questionnaire was finalized taking into account feedback from the subject experts. The focus was on simple language to ensure clarity to the students to facilitate accuracy of the collected data. The developed questionnaire consists of five domains involving fifteen Likert type items including a global item. For assessment of its reliability and validity, data were collected among two groups of undergraduate students studying two courses namely Accounts (n = 190) and Law (n = 90). For assessing questionnaire, Karl Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient and four factor solutions under factor analysis were used. The analytical results were quite consistent across the data sets (that are, accounts, law and pooled together) that exhibit good psychometric properties. It may thus be concluded that the questionnaire is valid, reliable and may measure what it is intended to measure.展开更多
Aim: To develop a method for closure of the arthrotomy wound and approximation of the medial periosteum at the level of tibial tuberosity after total knee arthroplasty in severe varus deformity. Method: We describe a ...Aim: To develop a method for closure of the arthrotomy wound and approximation of the medial periosteum at the level of tibial tuberosity after total knee arthroplasty in severe varus deformity. Method: We describe a technique of osteotendinous suturing through the tibial tuberosity for suturing of the medially elevated periosteum. Result: This is an easily reproducible technique which results in very early mobilisation and no additional complications and has several advantages over other methods of closure. Conclusion: The osteotendinous technique can be used for medial arthrotomy closure after correction of severe varus deformities and also after partial patellar tendon avulsions in total knee arthroplasty surgeries.展开更多
基金The Consortium for Scientific Research,Indore(CSR,Indore)(No.CRS/2021-22/01/426)is acknowledged by the authorsFor the research facilities,the authors are grateful to CHARUSAT University.
文摘The rapid advancement of modern electronics has led to a surge in solid electronic waste,which poses significant environmental and health challenges.This review focuses on recent developments in paper-based electronic devices fabricated through low-cost,hand-printing techniques,with particular emphasis on their applications in energy harvesting,storage,and sensing.Unlike conventional plastic-based substrates,cellulose paper offers several advantages,including biodegradability,recyclability,and low fabrication cost.By integrating functional nanomaterials such as two-dimensional chalcogenides,metal oxides,conductive polymers,and carbon-based structures onto paper,researchers have achieved high-performance devices such as broadband photodetectors(responsivity up to 52 mA/W),supercapacitors(energy density~15.1 mWh/cm^(2)),and pressure sensors(sensitivity~18.42 kPa^(-1)).The hand-printing approach,which eliminates the need for sophisticated equipment and toxic solvents,offers a promising route for scalable,sustainable,and disposable electronics.This review outlines fabrication methods and key performance metrics,and discusses the current challenges and future directions for realizing robust,flexible devices aligned with green technology and the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.
文摘AIM: To determine the incidence and risk factors for colorectal cancer(CRC) in patients with ulcerative colitis from a low prevalence region for CRC.METHODS: Our prospective database yielded a cohort of 430 patients [age: 44 ± 14.6 years; 248 men(57.7%)] with ulcerative colitis(median disease duration 6, range: 1-39 years) for analysis. Of these, 131(30.5%) had left-sided colitis and 159(37%) extensive colitis. Patients with histologically confirmed CRC within the segment with colitis were compared with those without CRC, to determine the risk factors for the development of CRC.RESULTS: Twelve patients(2.8%) developed CRC. The overall incidence density was 3.56/1000 patient-years of disease- 3/1000 in the first 10 years, 3.3/1000 at 10 to 20 years, and 7/1000 at > 20 years. Three of our 12 patients developed CRC within 8 years of disease onset. On univariate analysis, extensive colitis, longer duration of disease, and poor control of disease were associated with development of CRC. On multivariate analysis, duration of disease and extent of colitis remained significant.CONCLUSION: CRC occurred in 2.8% of patients with ulcerative colitis in our population- an incidence density similar to that in Western countries in spite of a low overall prevalence of colon cancer in our population.The risk increased with extent and duration of disease.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the leading primary liver cancer and its clinical outcome is still poor. MicroRNAs(mi RNAs) have demonstrated an interesting potential to regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level. Current findings suggest that mi RNAs deregulation in cancer is caused by genetic and/or epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional modifications resulting in abnormal expression and hallmarks of malignant transformation: aberrant cell growth, cell death, differentiation, angiogenesis, invasion and metástasis. The important role of mi RNAs in the development and progression of HCC has increased the efforts to understand and develop mechanisms of control overt this single-stranded RNAs. Several studies have analyzed tumoral response to the regulation and control of deregulated mi RNAs with good results in vitro and in vivo, proving that targeting aberrant expression of mi RNAs is a powerful anticancer therapeutic. Identification of up and/or down regulated mi RNAs related to HCC has led to the discovery of new potential application for detection of their presence in the affected organism. Mi RNAs represent a relevant new target for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment in a wide variety of pathologic entities, including HCC. This manuscript intends to summarize current knowledge regarding mi RNAs and their role in HCC development.
文摘Potential of nanoscale triazine based dendritic macromolecules G1,G2 and G3 as solubility enhancers of drug was investigated.Effect of pH,concentration and generation of synthesized dendritic macromolecules on solubility of ketoprofen was studied.G3 dendrimer was further exploited as carrier for sustained release.Ketoprofen was encapsulated by inclusion complex method and also characterized by Flourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy.Sustained release study of ketoprofen from ketoprofen loaded dendrimer was carried out and compared with free ketoprofen.Hemolytic potential and Cytotoxicity assay using A-549 lung cancer cell lines revealed that synthesized triazine based dendritic macromolecules having more potential that commercially available PAMAM dendrimer.
文摘Currently,there is growing interest regarding prostatespecific antigen(PSA) and the cardiovascular system.Increased PSA serum levels have been reported after prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation,cardiac surgery,extracorporeal cardiopulmonary bypass,acute myocardial infarction(AMI) and coronary artery stenting.The possible role of PSA in cardiac events has been questioned due to the finding of PSA decrease during AMI and by the correlation of variation in PSA levels with coronary lesions and occurrence of major adverse cardiac events.Complexed PSA forms and uncomplexed PSA forms are observed in the bloodstream but the increasing formation of irreversible bound PSA seems to be a crucial finding during AMI.Large studies need to be carried out to confirm these preliminary results and to elucidate unclear aspects.These findings present many potential directions for future research including the role of uncomplexed forms of PSA,the possible distribution of PSA in the heart,the relative expression levels in heart disease states,the mode of expression regulation and other potential specific substrates.The journey of PSA investigation could be longer than initially expected.
文摘Purpose: Osteoporosis is a global health disease. Increasing life span will add to the burden of osteoporosis, especially in postmenopausal women. The lifetime risk of osteoporotic fractures is 30% to 40%. Fractures pose an extensive burden on healthcare resources. Therefore, early diagnosis of osteoporosis is necessary. Methods: In this review, we provide a comprehensive approach to the current epidemiology, diagnosis aspects, treatments and fracture management in relation to the osteoporosis. Results: In assessing osteoporotic patients, good medical history with identification of clinical risk factors should be done. Along with basic blood investigations, bone mineral density, vertebral imaging, and bone turnover markers can aid the accurate diagnosis of bone loss. Modification of risk factors and dietary interventions are the first step in managing osteoporosis. Multiple options can be tailored to the individual needs in the treatment of osteoporosis. The frequency and duration for which the treatment is continued depend on the individual response to treatment. For fractures, surgical management is necessary whereas pharmacological interventions are needed to prevent further fractures. As osteoporosis often goes unrecognized until one or more fractures occur, it is important to understand the impact of osteoporosis. Conclusion: Osteoporosis remains a significant health problem globally that needs immediate attention to improve bone quality and prevent fractures associated with it optimally.
文摘In acute coronary syndrome(ACS),the use of anticoagulants in conjunction with antiplatelet agents in the acute phase has resulted in reduced ischemic events and is more effective than either class of drug used alone.Though parenteral anticoagulation is essential at the time of diagnosis,a balance must be made between ischemic benefit and the increased risk of bleeding when prescribing anticoagulants.Adverse events associated with anticoagulants,such as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia,bleeding problems,and the need for close monitoring of anticoagulant activity,have contributed to finding agents that reduce these limitations.Studies like the Organization to Assess Strategies in Ischemic Syndromes 5 and 6 and their meta-analysis have proven the efficacy of Fondaparinux over the entire ACS spectrum.The convenience of administration(once daily),lack of monitoring,reduction in mortality,and better safety profile make Fondaparinux a simple and effective anti-coagulant for the management of ACS.
基金Supported by the Core University Program （CUP） between Japan and China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （50271025）
文摘V-4Cr-4Ti is the leading candidate vanadium alloy as structural material of a V-Li blanket. Due to the interaction between Ti and interstitial solutes of C, N, and O, precipitation occurs at 600--700℃, increases the alloy strength significantly but reduce its ductility. As the ductility reduction is in an acceptable level, the strengthening might be utilized for the components that are subjected to high stress levels. Although cold work （CW） is known as an effective way to strengthen an alloy, so far few reports were found on strengthening a vanadium alloy by cold rolling.
文摘Using electromagnetic treatment, an expression of effective nonlinear optical susceptibility χe [= χe^（2） ＋ χe^（3） E] is obtained for Ⅲ-Ⅴ semiconducting crystals in an applied transverse dc magnetic fieM under off-resonant transition regime. The origin of nonlinear interaction lies in nonlinear polarization arising from the crystal properties such as piezoelectricity and electrostriction. Numerical estimates have been made by a representative n-InSb crystal at 77K duly irradiated by a pulsed 10.6-μm CO2 laser under off-resonant transition regime. Efforts are dedicated to optimizing doping level and externally applied dc magnetic field to achieve maximum χe^（2） and χ3^（3）. The results are found to be in good agreement with the available literature. The analysis shows that χe^（2） and χe^（3） can be significantly enhanced in doped Ⅲ-Ⅴ semiconductors by the proper selection of doping concentration and dc magnetic field, which confirms its potential as a candidate material for the fabrication of nonlinear optical devices.
文摘We report clinical, CT, invasive coronary angiography and intra-operative findings of a symptomatic elderly man with anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA). ALCAPA is a rare syndrome with anomalous origin of left main coronary artery (LMCA) from main pulmonary artery (MPA). Survival into adulthood is rare and our case is probably the oldest survivor who has undergone two coronary system repairs for this anomaly. The unique features of our case include: 1) Absence of “q” wave myocardial infarction on ECG;2) Absence of significant mitral regurgitation;3) Demonstration of stress induced perfusion defects in nuclear imaging which as per our knowledge has been done for the first time in the literature;4) A unique technique of closing anomalous LMCA origin by a pericardial patch, sutured on the internal aspect of MPA is the hallmark of this case.
文摘Background: Asian cultures require floor-seated positions demanding a high range of motion (ROM). Ceramic-On-Ceramic (COC) interface allowed the use of larger head with reduced wear debris generation and adverse tissue reactions. This study was conducted to analyze 6-year clinical-radiological outcome with large head fourth generation DeltaMotion®ceramic-on-ceramic (COC) hip articulation, with special emphasis on postoperative ROM, ability to sit cross-legged, stability, hip noise and revision surgery. Material and Methods: 150 consecutive hips were operated for primary cementless Total Hip Replacement (THR) using DeltaMotion®at a tertiary care center in Mumbai, India, between January 2010 and January 2015. Clinico-radiological outcome was assessed using the Harris Hip Score (HHS) and radiographs at 6 weeks, 6 months, and annually thereafter. Results: 108 (74.5%) patients were males and 37 (25.5%) were females with an average age of 50.87 years. Mean follow-up was 54 months (range: 37 - 86 months). The mean ROM was 120° in flexion, 10° in extension, 30° in adduction, 45° in abduction, 25° in internal rotation and 25° in external rotation. The mean HHS showed a statistically significant improvement of 64.5% (from 54.66 ± 6.42 pre-operatively to 89.95 ± 4.32 post operatively) (p-value: 0.001). 92% of patients were able to sit in squatting position and 92% were able to sit cross-legged on the floor at last follow-up. 0.7% joints (1 hip) had squeaking. Considering no revision surgery as the end point, 6-year prosthesis survivorship was 100%. Complications (superficial infection) occurred in three hips (2%). All patients reported to be satisfied with their outcome after surgery. Conclusion: We infer that DeltaMotion large head COC bearing allows scope for using larger head size in relatively smaller Indian hips due to factory fitted ceramic lining. At 6-year follow-up, high activity level was observed with excellent clinical-radiological outcomes and component longevity in relatively young Indian population.
文摘Aim: In tricompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee, the patellofemoral articulation is severely affected due to degenerative changes. Patellaplasty is done as a part of total knee arthroplasty in these cases to smoothen the articular surface of patella. However, an ideal technique with easy reproducibility has been scarcely reported for the same. Method: We describe a method of using electrocautery and power saw with thin blades for patellaplasty. Results: Using this technique, we have produced results, which are comparable with cases where patellar resurfacing has been done. Conclusion: This described method for patellaplasty is easy with good reproducibility.
文摘<b><span>Background</span></b><b><span>: </span></b><span>Bisphosphonate abuse is associated with atypical femur fractures, which despite different fixation methods have increased non-union, delayed union, and re-operation rates. Therefore, there is a need for a surgical technique that may enhance union in such cases. Herein we are introducing a novel technique of sequential multiple vigorous reaming across the fracture site to introduce reaming debris/endosteal bone graft around the fracture site.</span><span> </span><b><span>Materials and Methods</span></b><b><span>: </span></b><span>We present a retrospective analysis of five prospectively treated patients with atypical diaphyseal femur fracture who presented to us from January 2015 to August 2019.</span><span> </span><span>All the patients were followed up at regular intervals and assessed both clinically and radiologically.</span><span> </span><b><span>Results</span></b><b><span>: </span></b><span>All 5 cases operated with our technique showed union at a mean follow-up of 16 weeks (12</span><span> </span><span>-</span><span> </span><span>20 weeks). There were no complications reported in our study at the last mean follow-up of 25 months (12</span><span> </span><span>-</span><span> </span><span>51 months).</span><span> </span><b><span>Conclusion</span></b><b><span>: </span></b><span>This technique of multiple vigorous reaming at and around the fracture site provides a new paradigm in the management of AFF. The autograft around the outer cortex promotes the formation of bridging callus and results in the early union.</span>
文摘To improve high quality and/or retain achieved high quality of an academic program, time to time evaluation for quality of each covered course is often an integrated aspect considered in reputed institutions, however, there has been little effort regarding humanities courses. This research article deals with analysis of evaluation data collected regarding humanities course from a College of Commerce & Economics, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, on Likert type items. Appropriateness of one parametric measure and three non-parametric measures are discussed and used in this regard which could provide useful clues for educational policy planners. Keeping in view of the analytical results using these four measures, regardless of the threshold regarding satisfaction among students, overall performance of almost every subject has been un-satisfactory. There is a need to make a focused approach to take every course at the level of high performance. The inconsistency noticed under every threshold further revealed that under such poorly performing subjects globally, one needs to analyze merely at the global level item. Once the global level analysis reveals high performance of a course, then only item specific analysis may need to be focused to find out the items requiring further improvements.
文摘<b>Background:</b><span "=""> The relationship of preoperative D-dimer and Venous thromboembolism (VTE) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess the value of D-dimer in the detection of early VTE after TKA and THA. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 312 patients were evaluated in this retrospective study from 2016 to 2020 at a tertiary care centre, Mumbai who were operated for THA and TKA. The measurement of plasma D-dimer level was done preoperatively and clinically symptomatic patients were evaluated and confirmed for VTE by Colour Doppler Sonography. The plasma D-dimer levels were correlated statistically with the sonographic VTE. <b>Results:</b> 11 patients developed Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and 1 patient developed Pulmonary embolism (PE). Preoperative plasma D-dimer levels were significantly higher</span><span "=""> </span>(P < 0.01) in patients who developed DVT postoperatively. Colour Doppler Sonography showed that 2 thrombi were seen in proximal veins<span "=""> </span><span "="">(pelvic and femoral veins), and 2 thrombi were seen in distal veins (posterior tibial, peroneal, gastrocnemian veins) of the calf in THA patients, and all 8 thrombi were seen in the distal veins (posterior tibial, peroneal, gastrocnemian veins) of the calf in TKA patients. <b>Conclusion:</b> We infer that if the preoperative D-dimer levels were more than 0.5</span><span "=""> </span>mg/l, the chances of developing VTE postoperatively are more, which can be diagnosed clinically and further by other investigations. In this study, we have shown that doing preoperative D-dimer level can almost PREDICT the development of VTE and thus prevent complications.
文摘The present paper deals with development of a course evaluation survey (CES) questionnaire regarding evaluation of humanities courses (e.g., Commerce/Economics/Law) and assessment of its validity and reliability. Taking help from available questionnaires and also incorporating views from the teachers of the related subjects, the relevant Likert type items were selected. The drafted version of the questionnaire was finalized taking into account feedback from the subject experts. The focus was on simple language to ensure clarity to the students to facilitate accuracy of the collected data. The developed questionnaire consists of five domains involving fifteen Likert type items including a global item. For assessment of its reliability and validity, data were collected among two groups of undergraduate students studying two courses namely Accounts (n = 190) and Law (n = 90). For assessing questionnaire, Karl Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient and four factor solutions under factor analysis were used. The analytical results were quite consistent across the data sets (that are, accounts, law and pooled together) that exhibit good psychometric properties. It may thus be concluded that the questionnaire is valid, reliable and may measure what it is intended to measure.
文摘Aim: To develop a method for closure of the arthrotomy wound and approximation of the medial periosteum at the level of tibial tuberosity after total knee arthroplasty in severe varus deformity. Method: We describe a technique of osteotendinous suturing through the tibial tuberosity for suturing of the medially elevated periosteum. Result: This is an easily reproducible technique which results in very early mobilisation and no additional complications and has several advantages over other methods of closure. Conclusion: The osteotendinous technique can be used for medial arthrotomy closure after correction of severe varus deformities and also after partial patellar tendon avulsions in total knee arthroplasty surgeries.
