BACKGROUND： In 2011, a pilot program for deceased organ donation was initiated in China. We describe the first successful series of liver transplants in the pilot program.METHODS： From July 2011 to August 2012, our ...BACKGROUND： In 2011, a pilot program for deceased organ donation was initiated in China. We describe the first successful series of liver transplants in the pilot program.METHODS： From July 2011 to August 2012, our center performed 26 liver transplants from a pool of 29 deceased donors. All organ donation and allograft procurement were conducted according to the national protocol. The clinical data of donors and recipients were collected and summarized retrospectively.RESULTS： Among the 29 donors, 24 were China Category II donors（organ donation after cardiac death）, and five were China Category III donors（organ donation after brain death followed by cardiac death）. The recipients were mainly the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The one-year patient survival rate was 80.8% with a median follow-up of 422（2-696） days. Among the five mortalities during the follow-up,three died of tumor recurrence. In terms of post-transplant complications, 9 recipients（34.6%） experienced early allograft dysfunction, 1（3.8%） had non-anastomotic biliary stricture,and 1（3.8%） was complicated with hepatic arterial thrombosis.None of these complications resulted in patient death. Notably,primary non-function was not observed in any of the grafts.CONCLUSION： With careful donor selection, liver transplant from deceased donors can be performed safely and plays acritical role in overcoming the extreme organ shortage in China.展开更多
Mycophenolic acid(MPA),the active moiety of both mycophenolate mofetil(MMF)and enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium(EC-MPS),serves as a primary immunosuppressant for maintaining solid organ transplants.Therapeutic drug...Mycophenolic acid(MPA),the active moiety of both mycophenolate mofetil(MMF)and enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium(EC-MPS),serves as a primary immunosuppressant for maintaining solid organ transplants.Therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM)enhances treatment outcomes through tailored approaches.This study aimed to develop an evidence-based guideline for MPA TDM,facilitating its rational application in clinical settings.The guideline plan was drawn from the Institute of Medicine and World Health Organization(WHO)guidelines.Using the Delphi method,clinical questions and outcome indicators were generated.Systematic reviews,Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)evidence quality evaluations,expert opinions,and patient values guided evidence-based suggestions for the guideline.External reviews further refined the recommendations.The guideline for the TDM of MPA(IPGRP-2020CN099)consists of four sections and 16 recommendations encompassing target populations,monitoring strategies,dosage regimens,and influencing factors.High-risk populations,timing of TDM,area under the curve(AUC)versus trough concentration(C0),target concentration ranges,monitoring frequency,and analytical methods are addressed.Formulation-specific recommendations,initial dosage regimens,populations with unique considerations,pharmacokinetic-informed dosing,body weight factors,pharmacogenetics,and drug–drug interactions are covered.The evidence-based guideline offers a comprehensive recommendation for solid organ transplant recipients undergoing MPA therapy,promoting standardization of MPA TDM,and enhancing treatment efficacy and safety.展开更多
Background:Over the past two decades robotic surgery has been introduced to many areas including liver surgery.Laparoscopic liver surgery is an alternative minimally invasive approach.However,moving on to the complexi...Background:Over the past two decades robotic surgery has been introduced to many areas including liver surgery.Laparoscopic liver surgery is an alternative minimally invasive approach.However,moving on to the complexity of living donor hepatectomies,the advantages of robotic versus laparoscopic approach have convinced us to establish the robotic platform as a standard for living donor hepatectomy.Methods:From November 2018 to January 2022,501 fully robotic donor hepatectomies,including 177 left lateral donor lobes,112 full left lobes and 212 full right lobes were performed.Grafts were donated to 296 adult recipients and 205 pediatric recipients.Donor age,sex,body weight,body mass index(BMI),graft weight,graft to body weight ratio(GBWR),operative time,blood loss,first warm ischemic time,pain score,length of intensive care unit(ICU)stay and hospital stay,and complications were retrospectively analyzed based on a prospectively kept database.Recipients were evaluated for graft and patient survival,age,sex,BMI,body weight,model of end-stage liver disease score,blood loss,transfusions,operative time,cold ischemic time,length of hospital stay and complications.Results:There was no donor mortality.Two cases needed to be converted to open surgery.The median blood loss was 60 mL(range 20-800),median donor operative time was 6.77 h(range 2.93-11.53),median length of hospital stay was 4 days(range 2-22).Complication rate in donors classified following ClavienDindo was 6.4%(n=32)with one grade Ⅲ complication.Three-year actual recipient overall survival was 91.4%;87.5% for adult recipients and 97.1% for pediatric recipients.Three-year actual graft overall survival was 90.6%;87.5% for adult recipients and 95.1% for pediatric recipients.In-hospital mortality was 6%,9.1%(27/296)for adult recipients and 1.4%(3/205)for pediatric recipients.The recipients’morbidity was 19.8%(n=99).Twenty-eight recipients(5.6%)had biliary and 22(4.4%)vascular complications.Six(12.0%)recipients needed to be re-transplanted.Conclusions:With growing experience it is nowadays possible to perform any donor hepatectomy by robotic approach regardless of anatomical variations and graft size.Donor morbidity and quality for life results are encouraging and should motivate other transplant centers with interest in minimally invasive donor surgery to adopt this robotic technique.展开更多
AIM: To study the effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy on the prevention of acute rejection and graft vs host disease following small bowel transplantation.
BACKGROUND:Marked hemodynamic alteration,commonly referred to as postreperfusion syndrome(PRS),often occurs after revascularization of the donor organ during orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT)and is associated with...BACKGROUND:Marked hemodynamic alteration,commonly referred to as postreperfusion syndrome(PRS),often occurs after revascularization of the donor organ during orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT)and is associated with poor outcomes.This study aimed to investigate the incidence,predictive factors and clinical outcomes of PRS in Chinese patients following OLT at a liver transplantation center in China.METHODS:Over a 5-year period,330 consecutive patients who had undergone OLT for hepatocellular carcinoma or cirrhosis were included in this retrospective study.PRS was defined as a>30%decrease in the mean arterial pressure compared with that before revascularization for more than 1 minute during the first 5 minutes of graft reperfusion.The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the development of PRS:group 1(patients with PRS,n=56)and group 2(patients without PRS,n=274).The demographic characteristics,operative and postoperative courses,and outcomes of the patients were analyzed using SPSS version 18.0.RESULTS:Multivariate regression analysis showed that left ventricular diastolic dysfunction determined by echocardiography and prolonged cold ischemia time were the independent risk factors for PRS.More patients in group 1 showed postoperative renal dysfunction than those in group 2(19.23%vs 8.4%).Moreover,patients in group 1 also had higher intraoperative(7.14%vs 0%)and postoperative mortalities(26.92%vs 12.04%).CONCLUSION:Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and prolonged cold ischemia time contribute to a high incidence of PRS,which is associated with adverse outcomes in Chinese patients following OLT.展开更多
Background:The effectiveness and safety of marginal donor livers remain controversial.This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of marginal donor livers in patients with liver transplantation(LT).Methods:T...Background:The effectiveness and safety of marginal donor livers remain controversial.This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of marginal donor livers in patients with liver transplantation(LT).Methods:This study included 199 liver donors(including 16 split donors)and 206 liver recipients from January 1,2018 to January 27,2020,with case follow-up until July 31,2021.Clinical data of donors and recipients were retrospectively analyzed and were divided into the marginal donor and standard donor groups according to the criteria of marginal donor livers.Indices of liver and kidney functions,complications,and survival curves of the two groups were compared.Results:Compared with the standard donor group,the blood creatinine levels were significantly higher in the marginal donor group in the first week after operation(P<0.05);there were no significant differences in alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,and total bilirubin levels after LT(all P>0.05);there was no significant difference in the incidence of complications after LT(P>0.05);there was also no significant difference in the survival curve(P=0.335).Conclusions:There were no significant differences in liver and kidney function and survival curve between the standard donor and marginal donor groups.The marginal donor liver appears safe and reliable for LT and may be an important strategy to expand the donor pool and solve the shortage of organs.展开更多
Background:Tumor recurrence after liver transplantation(LT)for selective patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in the setting of cirrhosis is the greatest challenge effecting the prognosis of these pati...Background:Tumor recurrence after liver transplantation(LT)for selective patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in the setting of cirrhosis is the greatest challenge effecting the prognosis of these patients.The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sirolimus on the prognosis for these recipients.Methods:The data from 193 consecutive HCC patients who had undergone LT from January 2015 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.These patients were divided into the sirolimus group[patients took sirolimus combined with calcineurin inhibitors(CNIs)(n=125)]and non-sirolimus group[patients took CNI-based therapy without sirolimus(n=68)].Recurrence-free survival(RFS)and overall survival(OS)were compared between the two groups.The prognostic factors and independent risk factors for RFS and OS were further evaluated.Results:Non-sirolimus was an independent risk factor for RFS(HR=2.990;95%CI:1.050-8.470;P=0.040)and OS(HR=3.100;95%CI:1.190-8.000;P=0.020).A higher proportion of patients beyond Hangzhou criteria was divided into the sirolimus group(69.6%vs.80.9%,P=0.030).Compared with the non-sirolimus group,the sirolimus group had significantly better RFS(P<0.001)and OS(P<0.001).Further subgroup analysis showed similar results.Conclusions:This study demonstrated that sirolimus significantly decreased HCC recurrence and prolonged RFS and OS in LT patients with different stage of HCC.展开更多
Objective:Sex-specific differences are observed in various liver diseases,but the influence of sex on the outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)after liver transplantation(LT)remains to be determined.This study is ...Objective:Sex-specific differences are observed in various liver diseases,but the influence of sex on the outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)after liver transplantation(LT)remains to be determined.This study is the first Chinese nationwide investigation of the role of sex in post-LT outcomes in patients with HCC.Methods:Data for recipients with HCC registered in the China Liver Transplant Registry between January 2015 and December 2020 were analyzed.The associations between donor,recipient,or donor-recipient transplant patterns by sex and the post-LT outcomes were studied with propensity score matching(PSM).The survival associated with different sex-based donor-recipient transplant patterns was further studied.Results:Among 3,769 patients enrolled in this study,the 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival(OS)rates of patients with HCC after LT were 96.1%,86.4%,and 78.5%,respectively,in female recipients,and 95.8%,79.0%,and 70.7%,respectively,in male recipients after PSM(P=0.009).However,the OS was comparable between recipients with female donors and male donors.Multivariate analysis indicated that male recipient sex was a risk factor for post-LT survival(HR=1.381,P=0.046).Among the donor-recipient transplant patterns,the male-male donor-recipient transplant pattern was associated with the poorest post-LT survival(P<0.05).Conclusions:Our findings highlighted that the post-LT outcomes of female recipients were significantly superior to those of male recipients,and the male-male donor-recipient transplant pattern was associated with the poorest post-LT survival.Livers from male donors may provide the most benefit to female recipients.Our results indicate that sex should be considered as a critical factor in organ allocation.展开更多
IN June 2018, the 18th Meeting of the Council of Heads of Member States of the Shanghai Coop-eration Organization (SCO) will be convened in Qingdao, China. Tis is the frst summit since the organization granted full me...IN June 2018, the 18th Meeting of the Council of Heads of Member States of the Shanghai Coop-eration Organization (SCO) will be convened in Qingdao, China. Tis is the frst summit since the organization granted full membership to India and Pakistan last year. Now the SCO has eight member states, covering a fourth of the world’s land mass and host to the bulk of the world’s population. Te signif-cant expansion in geographical area and large increase in economic and resource aggregation render the orga-nization greater potential. Given these developments, the SCO Qingdao meeting will be a milestone in the SCO’s 17 years of history, marking a new stage in terms of regional cooperation.展开更多
Introduction Organ transplantation increases survival and improves qual-ity of life to many patients with end-stage organ failure.Or-gan shortage is a worldwide problem that restricts organ trans-plantation[1].Organ p...Introduction Organ transplantation increases survival and improves qual-ity of life to many patients with end-stage organ failure.Or-gan shortage is a worldwide problem that restricts organ trans-plantation[1].Organ procurement and preservation as well as ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)after transplantation are the im-portant factors affecting prognosis of recipients.Since the de-velopment of organ transplantation technology in the 20th cen-tury,organ protection technology has been a most promising con-cept in this field.Organ preservation solutions such as the Collins solution,University of Wisconsin(UW)solution,and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate(HTK)solution were developed sequen-tially[2],which developed rapidly in static cold storage(SCS)tech-niques.SCS remains the standard preservation technique for organ transplantation[2].展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(2012AA021008)the Special Fund for Science Research by Ministry of Health(201302009)
文摘BACKGROUND： In 2011, a pilot program for deceased organ donation was initiated in China. We describe the first successful series of liver transplants in the pilot program.METHODS： From July 2011 to August 2012, our center performed 26 liver transplants from a pool of 29 deceased donors. All organ donation and allograft procurement were conducted according to the national protocol. The clinical data of donors and recipients were collected and summarized retrospectively.RESULTS： Among the 29 donors, 24 were China Category II donors（organ donation after cardiac death）, and five were China Category III donors（organ donation after brain death followed by cardiac death）. The recipients were mainly the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The one-year patient survival rate was 80.8% with a median follow-up of 422（2-696） days. Among the five mortalities during the follow-up,three died of tumor recurrence. In terms of post-transplant complications, 9 recipients（34.6%） experienced early allograft dysfunction, 1（3.8%） had non-anastomotic biliary stricture,and 1（3.8%） was complicated with hepatic arterial thrombosis.None of these complications resulted in patient death. Notably,primary non-function was not observed in any of the grafts.CONCLUSION： With careful donor selection, liver transplant from deceased donors can be performed safely and plays acritical role in overcoming the extreme organ shortage in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.72304007)the Huatong Guokang Medical Research Fund(No.2023HT010)。
文摘Mycophenolic acid(MPA),the active moiety of both mycophenolate mofetil(MMF)and enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium(EC-MPS),serves as a primary immunosuppressant for maintaining solid organ transplants.Therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM)enhances treatment outcomes through tailored approaches.This study aimed to develop an evidence-based guideline for MPA TDM,facilitating its rational application in clinical settings.The guideline plan was drawn from the Institute of Medicine and World Health Organization(WHO)guidelines.Using the Delphi method,clinical questions and outcome indicators were generated.Systematic reviews,Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)evidence quality evaluations,expert opinions,and patient values guided evidence-based suggestions for the guideline.External reviews further refined the recommendations.The guideline for the TDM of MPA(IPGRP-2020CN099)consists of four sections and 16 recommendations encompassing target populations,monitoring strategies,dosage regimens,and influencing factors.High-risk populations,timing of TDM,area under the curve(AUC)versus trough concentration(C0),target concentration ranges,monitoring frequency,and analytical methods are addressed.Formulation-specific recommendations,initial dosage regimens,populations with unique considerations,pharmacokinetic-informed dosing,body weight factors,pharmacogenetics,and drug–drug interactions are covered.The evidence-based guideline offers a comprehensive recommendation for solid organ transplant recipients undergoing MPA therapy,promoting standardization of MPA TDM,and enhancing treatment efficacy and safety.
文摘Background:Over the past two decades robotic surgery has been introduced to many areas including liver surgery.Laparoscopic liver surgery is an alternative minimally invasive approach.However,moving on to the complexity of living donor hepatectomies,the advantages of robotic versus laparoscopic approach have convinced us to establish the robotic platform as a standard for living donor hepatectomy.Methods:From November 2018 to January 2022,501 fully robotic donor hepatectomies,including 177 left lateral donor lobes,112 full left lobes and 212 full right lobes were performed.Grafts were donated to 296 adult recipients and 205 pediatric recipients.Donor age,sex,body weight,body mass index(BMI),graft weight,graft to body weight ratio(GBWR),operative time,blood loss,first warm ischemic time,pain score,length of intensive care unit(ICU)stay and hospital stay,and complications were retrospectively analyzed based on a prospectively kept database.Recipients were evaluated for graft and patient survival,age,sex,BMI,body weight,model of end-stage liver disease score,blood loss,transfusions,operative time,cold ischemic time,length of hospital stay and complications.Results:There was no donor mortality.Two cases needed to be converted to open surgery.The median blood loss was 60 mL(range 20-800),median donor operative time was 6.77 h(range 2.93-11.53),median length of hospital stay was 4 days(range 2-22).Complication rate in donors classified following ClavienDindo was 6.4%(n=32)with one grade Ⅲ complication.Three-year actual recipient overall survival was 91.4%;87.5% for adult recipients and 97.1% for pediatric recipients.Three-year actual graft overall survival was 90.6%;87.5% for adult recipients and 95.1% for pediatric recipients.In-hospital mortality was 6%,9.1%(27/296)for adult recipients and 1.4%(3/205)for pediatric recipients.The recipients’morbidity was 19.8%(n=99).Twenty-eight recipients(5.6%)had biliary and 22(4.4%)vascular complications.Six(12.0%)recipients needed to be re-transplanted.Conclusions:With growing experience it is nowadays possible to perform any donor hepatectomy by robotic approach regardless of anatomical variations and graft size.Donor morbidity and quality for life results are encouraging and should motivate other transplant centers with interest in minimally invasive donor surgery to adopt this robotic technique.
文摘AIM: To study the effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy on the prevention of acute rejection and graft vs host disease following small bowel transplantation.
基金supported by a grant from the Key Programs of STCSM(No.10411951300)
文摘BACKGROUND:Marked hemodynamic alteration,commonly referred to as postreperfusion syndrome(PRS),often occurs after revascularization of the donor organ during orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT)and is associated with poor outcomes.This study aimed to investigate the incidence,predictive factors and clinical outcomes of PRS in Chinese patients following OLT at a liver transplantation center in China.METHODS:Over a 5-year period,330 consecutive patients who had undergone OLT for hepatocellular carcinoma or cirrhosis were included in this retrospective study.PRS was defined as a>30%decrease in the mean arterial pressure compared with that before revascularization for more than 1 minute during the first 5 minutes of graft reperfusion.The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the development of PRS:group 1(patients with PRS,n=56)and group 2(patients without PRS,n=274).The demographic characteristics,operative and postoperative courses,and outcomes of the patients were analyzed using SPSS version 18.0.RESULTS:Multivariate regression analysis showed that left ventricular diastolic dysfunction determined by echocardiography and prolonged cold ischemia time were the independent risk factors for PRS.More patients in group 1 showed postoperative renal dysfunction than those in group 2(19.23%vs 8.4%).Moreover,patients in group 1 also had higher intraoperative(7.14%vs 0%)and postoperative mortalities(26.92%vs 12.04%).CONCLUSION:Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and prolonged cold ischemia time contribute to a high incidence of PRS,which is associated with adverse outcomes in Chinese patients following OLT.
基金supported by a grant from the start-up fund for scientific research of high-level talents in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University(3631)。
文摘Background:The effectiveness and safety of marginal donor livers remain controversial.This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of marginal donor livers in patients with liver transplantation(LT).Methods:This study included 199 liver donors(including 16 split donors)and 206 liver recipients from January 1,2018 to January 27,2020,with case follow-up until July 31,2021.Clinical data of donors and recipients were retrospectively analyzed and were divided into the marginal donor and standard donor groups according to the criteria of marginal donor livers.Indices of liver and kidney functions,complications,and survival curves of the two groups were compared.Results:Compared with the standard donor group,the blood creatinine levels were significantly higher in the marginal donor group in the first week after operation(P<0.05);there were no significant differences in alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,and total bilirubin levels after LT(all P>0.05);there was no significant difference in the incidence of complications after LT(P>0.05);there was also no significant difference in the survival curve(P=0.335).Conclusions:There were no significant differences in liver and kidney function and survival curve between the standard donor and marginal donor groups.The marginal donor liver appears safe and reliable for LT and may be an important strategy to expand the donor pool and solve the shortage of organs.
基金supported by a grant from Post-Doctoral Applied Research Project of Qingdao City(RZ2000002871)。
文摘Background:Tumor recurrence after liver transplantation(LT)for selective patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in the setting of cirrhosis is the greatest challenge effecting the prognosis of these patients.The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sirolimus on the prognosis for these recipients.Methods:The data from 193 consecutive HCC patients who had undergone LT from January 2015 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.These patients were divided into the sirolimus group[patients took sirolimus combined with calcineurin inhibitors(CNIs)(n=125)]and non-sirolimus group[patients took CNI-based therapy without sirolimus(n=68)].Recurrence-free survival(RFS)and overall survival(OS)were compared between the two groups.The prognostic factors and independent risk factors for RFS and OS were further evaluated.Results:Non-sirolimus was an independent risk factor for RFS(HR=2.990;95%CI:1.050-8.470;P=0.040)and OS(HR=3.100;95%CI:1.190-8.000;P=0.020).A higher proportion of patients beyond Hangzhou criteria was divided into the sirolimus group(69.6%vs.80.9%,P=0.030).Compared with the non-sirolimus group,the sirolimus group had significantly better RFS(P<0.001)and OS(P<0.001).Further subgroup analysis showed similar results.Conclusions:This study demonstrated that sirolimus significantly decreased HCC recurrence and prolonged RFS and OS in LT patients with different stage of HCC.
基金supported by funding from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021 YFA1100500)The Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.92159202)+3 种基金Key Program,National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81930016)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82300743)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LQ23H160044)Key Research&Development Program of Zhejiang Province(Grant Nos.2019C03050,2022C03108,and 2021C03118)。
文摘Objective:Sex-specific differences are observed in various liver diseases,but the influence of sex on the outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)after liver transplantation(LT)remains to be determined.This study is the first Chinese nationwide investigation of the role of sex in post-LT outcomes in patients with HCC.Methods:Data for recipients with HCC registered in the China Liver Transplant Registry between January 2015 and December 2020 were analyzed.The associations between donor,recipient,or donor-recipient transplant patterns by sex and the post-LT outcomes were studied with propensity score matching(PSM).The survival associated with different sex-based donor-recipient transplant patterns was further studied.Results:Among 3,769 patients enrolled in this study,the 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival(OS)rates of patients with HCC after LT were 96.1%,86.4%,and 78.5%,respectively,in female recipients,and 95.8%,79.0%,and 70.7%,respectively,in male recipients after PSM(P=0.009).However,the OS was comparable between recipients with female donors and male donors.Multivariate analysis indicated that male recipient sex was a risk factor for post-LT survival(HR=1.381,P=0.046).Among the donor-recipient transplant patterns,the male-male donor-recipient transplant pattern was associated with the poorest post-LT survival(P<0.05).Conclusions:Our findings highlighted that the post-LT outcomes of female recipients were significantly superior to those of male recipients,and the male-male donor-recipient transplant pattern was associated with the poorest post-LT survival.Livers from male donors may provide the most benefit to female recipients.Our results indicate that sex should be considered as a critical factor in organ allocation.
文摘IN June 2018, the 18th Meeting of the Council of Heads of Member States of the Shanghai Coop-eration Organization (SCO) will be convened in Qingdao, China. Tis is the frst summit since the organization granted full membership to India and Pakistan last year. Now the SCO has eight member states, covering a fourth of the world’s land mass and host to the bulk of the world’s population. Te signif-cant expansion in geographical area and large increase in economic and resource aggregation render the orga-nization greater potential. Given these developments, the SCO Qingdao meeting will be a milestone in the SCO’s 17 years of history, marking a new stage in terms of regional cooperation.
基金Major Science and Technology Projects of Hainan Province(ZDKJ2019009)Research Project of Ji’nan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Labora-tory(JNL-2022002A and JNL-2022023C)+3 种基金Public Projects of Zhe-jiang Province(LGF21H030006)Research Unit Project of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019-I2M-5-030)the National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China(81721091,62073211)the Na-tional S&T Major Project for Infectious Diseases(2017ZX10203205).
文摘Introduction Organ transplantation increases survival and improves qual-ity of life to many patients with end-stage organ failure.Or-gan shortage is a worldwide problem that restricts organ trans-plantation[1].Organ procurement and preservation as well as ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)after transplantation are the im-portant factors affecting prognosis of recipients.Since the de-velopment of organ transplantation technology in the 20th cen-tury,organ protection technology has been a most promising con-cept in this field.Organ preservation solutions such as the Collins solution,University of Wisconsin(UW)solution,and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate(HTK)solution were developed sequen-tially[2],which developed rapidly in static cold storage(SCS)tech-niques.SCS remains the standard preservation technique for organ transplantation[2].
