We have reviewed a set of recently published studies that compared the anterior chamber depth（ACD） and/or white-to-white（WTW） distance obtained by means of different measuring devices.Since some of those studies r...We have reviewed a set of recently published studies that compared the anterior chamber depth（ACD） and/or white-to-white（WTW） distance obtained by means of different measuring devices.Since some of those studies reached contradictory conclusions regarding device interchangeability,this review was carried out in attempting to clarify which clinical devices can or cannot be considered as interchangeable in clinical practice to measure ACD and/or WTW distance,among these devices：A-scan,ultrasound biomicroscopy,Orbscan and Orbscan Ⅱ（Bausch＆Lomb Surgical Inc.,San Dimas,California,USA）,Pentacam and Pentacam HR（Oculus,Wetzlar,Germany）,Galilei（Ziemer,Switzerland）,Visante optical coherence tomography（Visante OCT,Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc.,Dublin,California,USA）,lOLMaster（Carl Zeiss Meditec,Jena,Germany）,and Lenstar LS 900/Biograph（Haag-Streit AG,Koeniz,Switzerland/Alcon Laboratories Inc.,Ft Worth,Texas,USA）.展开更多
AIM： To analytically assess the effect of pupil size upon the refractive power distributions of different designs of multifocal contact lenses.METHODS： Two multifocal contact lenses of center-near design and one mul...AIM： To analytically assess the effect of pupil size upon the refractive power distributions of different designs of multifocal contact lenses.METHODS： Two multifocal contact lenses of center-near design and one multifocal contact lens of center-distance design were used in this study. Their power profiles were measured using the NIMO TR1504 device （LAMBDA-X, Belgium）. Based on their power profiles, the power distribution was assessed as a function of pupil size. For the high addition lenses, the resulting refractive power as a function of viewing distance （far, intermediate, and near） and pupil size was also analyzed.RESULTS： The power distribution of the lenses was affected by pupil size differently. One of the lenses showed a significant spread in refractive power distribution, from about ？3 D to 0 D. Generally, the power distribution of the lenses expanded as the pupil diameter became greater. The surface of the lens dedicated for each distance varied substantially with the design of the lens.CONCLUSION： In an experimental basis, our results show how the lenses power distribution is affected by the pupil size and underlined the necessity of careful evaluation of the patient’s visual needs and the optical properties of a multifocal contact lens for achieving the optimal visual outcome.展开更多
Report a case of a male patient with a macular scar compatible with ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) in right eye (RE) and review the relevant literature on this disease. A patient, who attended for a routine contact lens fo...Report a case of a male patient with a macular scar compatible with ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) in right eye (RE) and review the relevant literature on this disease. A patient, who attended for a routine contact lens follow up, presented with amblyopic exotropia without any ocular disease. Best-corrected visual acuity of the affected eye was 20/40 with constant and mono-fixation exotropia. Ophthalmoscopic assessment revealed a macular scar compatible with OT. OT is the leading cause of infection in the posterior segment. Inactive cases could be asymptomatic and diagnosis requires a complete eye examination, providing a correct diagnosis and patient management.展开更多
Introduction: Corneal thickness measurement is an indirect assessment of the physiological corneal function in human eye. This value, especially in the central area, is an important data for clinical diagnosis, treatm...Introduction: Corneal thickness measurement is an indirect assessment of the physiological corneal function in human eye. This value, especially in the central area, is an important data for clinical diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of anterior segment pathologies. There are several technologies for non-invasively measuring corneal thickness like optical coherence tomography (OCT). However, there is little information available describing the effect of contact lens induced corneal swelling in OCT measures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the repeatability of OCT corneal pachymetry in eyes with and without contact lens induced corneal swelling. Material and Methods: This study included five visits over one week in six healthy subjects: baseline and after sleeping with four different CL of +0.50 D, +2.00 D, +5.00 D and +8.00 D (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson Vision Care) on four different days. Corneal pachymetry OCT 3D (Topcon) were measured three consecutive times during each visit. Besides, this measurement was repeated in 12 meridians (Scans #1 to #12), between 0°and 165°with 15° intervals. Results: Corneal pachymetry was significant different between before and after contact lens wear (p < 0.001 ANOVA). High repeatability was found without corneal swelling [Coefficient of variation (CV) = 0.68% p = 0.93] and with corneal swelling [CL -0.50 D (CV = 0.78% p = 0.95;590 ± 46 μm CI 95% 548 to 596), with CL + 2.00 D (CV = 0.72% p = 0.97;601 ± 46 μm CI 95% 595 to 607), with CL + 5.00 D (CV = 0.78% p = 0.66;608 ± 50 μm CI 95% 601 to 615) and with CL + 8.00 D (CV = 0.77% p = 0.97;607 ± 44 μm CI 95% 601 to 613)]. There were no differences (p = 1.00) in central corneal thickness along the 12 scans corneal [Scan #0 (593 ± 50 μm CI 95% 582 to 603), #1 (592 ± 50 μm CI 95% 581 to 603), #2 (591 ± 50 μm IC 95% 580 to 602), #3 (590 ± 49 μm CI 95% 579 to 600), #4 (590 ± 50 μm CI 95% 579 to 600), #5 (591 ± 50 μm CI 95% 581 to 602), #6 (590 ± 51 μm CI 95% 580 to 601), #7 (589 ± 50 μm CI 95% 578 to 600), #8 (590 ± 50 μm CI 95% 579 to 600), #9 (589 ± 50 μm CI 95% 579 to 600), #10 (592 ± 50 μm CI 95% 581 to 602) and #11 (591 ± 50 μm CI 95% 580 to 601). Conclusions: 3D OCT showed a high repeatability (CV < 1%) to measure central thickness in corneas with and without contact lens induced corneal swelling. This technology presents advantages over other clinical devices used to measure corneal thickness and could be the “gold standard” for future clinical studies and clinical practice for eye care practitioners.展开更多
Purpose:To measure axial and off-axis refraction patterns in myopic eyes with spectacle lenses correction and lens free emmetropes in young healthy subjects at different target distances from 2.00 m(0.50 D)to 0.20 m(5...Purpose:To measure axial and off-axis refraction patterns in myopic eyes with spectacle lenses correction and lens free emmetropes in young healthy subjects at different target distances from 2.00 m(0.50 D)to 0.20 m(5.00 D)in terms of sphere,astigmatism,and spherical equivalent refraction.Methods:Refraction was measured at the center,20 and 40 degrees from the line of sight both nasally and temporally in 15 emmetropic and 25 myopic young healthy subjects with an open field,binocular,infrared autorefractor(Grand Seiko WAM-5500,Hiroshima,Japan).Fixation target was a Maltese cross set at 2.00,0.50,0.33 and 0.20 m from the corneal plane.Changes in off-axis refraction with accommodation level were normalized with respect to distance axial values and compared between myopic eyes with spectacle lenses correction and lens free emmetropes.Results:Off-axis refraction in myopic eyes with spectacle lenses correction was significantly more myopic in the temporal retina compared to lens free emmetropes except for the closest target distance.Relative off-axis refractive error changed significantly with accommodation when compared to axial refraction particularly in the myopic group.This change in the negative direction was due to changes in the spherical component of refraction that became more myopic relative to the center at the 0.20 m distance as the J0 component of astigmatism was significantly reduced in both emmetropes and myopes for the closest target.Conclusion:Accommodation to very near targets(up to 0.20 m)makes the off-axis refraction of myopes wearing their spectacle correction similar to that of lens free emmetropes.A significant reduction in off-axis astigmatism was also observed for the 0.20 m distance.展开更多
文摘We have reviewed a set of recently published studies that compared the anterior chamber depth（ACD） and/or white-to-white（WTW） distance obtained by means of different measuring devices.Since some of those studies reached contradictory conclusions regarding device interchangeability,this review was carried out in attempting to clarify which clinical devices can or cannot be considered as interchangeable in clinical practice to measure ACD and/or WTW distance,among these devices：A-scan,ultrasound biomicroscopy,Orbscan and Orbscan Ⅱ（Bausch＆Lomb Surgical Inc.,San Dimas,California,USA）,Pentacam and Pentacam HR（Oculus,Wetzlar,Germany）,Galilei（Ziemer,Switzerland）,Visante optical coherence tomography（Visante OCT,Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc.,Dublin,California,USA）,lOLMaster（Carl Zeiss Meditec,Jena,Germany）,and Lenstar LS 900/Biograph（Haag-Streit AG,Koeniz,Switzerland/Alcon Laboratories Inc.,Ft Worth,Texas,USA）.
基金Supported by the AGEYE project(No.608049)the Marie Curie Initial Training Network program(No.FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN)the European Commission,Brussels,Belgium and by an Atraccióde Talent(University of Valencia)research scholarship granted to Antonio J.Deláguila-Carrasco(No.UV-INV-PREDOC14-179135)
文摘AIM： To analytically assess the effect of pupil size upon the refractive power distributions of different designs of multifocal contact lenses.METHODS： Two multifocal contact lenses of center-near design and one multifocal contact lens of center-distance design were used in this study. Their power profiles were measured using the NIMO TR1504 device （LAMBDA-X, Belgium）. Based on their power profiles, the power distribution was assessed as a function of pupil size. For the high addition lenses, the resulting refractive power as a function of viewing distance （far, intermediate, and near） and pupil size was also analyzed.RESULTS： The power distribution of the lenses was affected by pupil size differently. One of the lenses showed a significant spread in refractive power distribution, from about ？3 D to 0 D. Generally, the power distribution of the lenses expanded as the pupil diameter became greater. The surface of the lens dedicated for each distance varied substantially with the design of the lens.CONCLUSION： In an experimental basis, our results show how the lenses power distribution is affected by the pupil size and underlined the necessity of careful evaluation of the patient’s visual needs and the optical properties of a multifocal contact lens for achieving the optimal visual outcome.
文摘Report a case of a male patient with a macular scar compatible with ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) in right eye (RE) and review the relevant literature on this disease. A patient, who attended for a routine contact lens follow up, presented with amblyopic exotropia without any ocular disease. Best-corrected visual acuity of the affected eye was 20/40 with constant and mono-fixation exotropia. Ophthalmoscopic assessment revealed a macular scar compatible with OT. OT is the leading cause of infection in the posterior segment. Inactive cases could be asymptomatic and diagnosis requires a complete eye examination, providing a correct diagnosis and patient management.
文摘Introduction: Corneal thickness measurement is an indirect assessment of the physiological corneal function in human eye. This value, especially in the central area, is an important data for clinical diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of anterior segment pathologies. There are several technologies for non-invasively measuring corneal thickness like optical coherence tomography (OCT). However, there is little information available describing the effect of contact lens induced corneal swelling in OCT measures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the repeatability of OCT corneal pachymetry in eyes with and without contact lens induced corneal swelling. Material and Methods: This study included five visits over one week in six healthy subjects: baseline and after sleeping with four different CL of +0.50 D, +2.00 D, +5.00 D and +8.00 D (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson Vision Care) on four different days. Corneal pachymetry OCT 3D (Topcon) were measured three consecutive times during each visit. Besides, this measurement was repeated in 12 meridians (Scans #1 to #12), between 0°and 165°with 15° intervals. Results: Corneal pachymetry was significant different between before and after contact lens wear (p < 0.001 ANOVA). High repeatability was found without corneal swelling [Coefficient of variation (CV) = 0.68% p = 0.93] and with corneal swelling [CL -0.50 D (CV = 0.78% p = 0.95;590 ± 46 μm CI 95% 548 to 596), with CL + 2.00 D (CV = 0.72% p = 0.97;601 ± 46 μm CI 95% 595 to 607), with CL + 5.00 D (CV = 0.78% p = 0.66;608 ± 50 μm CI 95% 601 to 615) and with CL + 8.00 D (CV = 0.77% p = 0.97;607 ± 44 μm CI 95% 601 to 613)]. There were no differences (p = 1.00) in central corneal thickness along the 12 scans corneal [Scan #0 (593 ± 50 μm CI 95% 582 to 603), #1 (592 ± 50 μm CI 95% 581 to 603), #2 (591 ± 50 μm IC 95% 580 to 602), #3 (590 ± 49 μm CI 95% 579 to 600), #4 (590 ± 50 μm CI 95% 579 to 600), #5 (591 ± 50 μm CI 95% 581 to 602), #6 (590 ± 51 μm CI 95% 580 to 601), #7 (589 ± 50 μm CI 95% 578 to 600), #8 (590 ± 50 μm CI 95% 579 to 600), #9 (589 ± 50 μm CI 95% 579 to 600), #10 (592 ± 50 μm CI 95% 581 to 602) and #11 (591 ± 50 μm CI 95% 580 to 601). Conclusions: 3D OCT showed a high repeatability (CV < 1%) to measure central thickness in corneas with and without contact lens induced corneal swelling. This technology presents advantages over other clinical devices used to measure corneal thickness and could be the “gold standard” for future clinical studies and clinical practice for eye care practitioners.
基金supported by Strategic Project PEST-C/FIS/UI607/2011 from the Science and Technology Foundation of Portuguese Ministry of Science and Higher Education.
文摘Purpose:To measure axial and off-axis refraction patterns in myopic eyes with spectacle lenses correction and lens free emmetropes in young healthy subjects at different target distances from 2.00 m(0.50 D)to 0.20 m(5.00 D)in terms of sphere,astigmatism,and spherical equivalent refraction.Methods:Refraction was measured at the center,20 and 40 degrees from the line of sight both nasally and temporally in 15 emmetropic and 25 myopic young healthy subjects with an open field,binocular,infrared autorefractor(Grand Seiko WAM-5500,Hiroshima,Japan).Fixation target was a Maltese cross set at 2.00,0.50,0.33 and 0.20 m from the corneal plane.Changes in off-axis refraction with accommodation level were normalized with respect to distance axial values and compared between myopic eyes with spectacle lenses correction and lens free emmetropes.Results:Off-axis refraction in myopic eyes with spectacle lenses correction was significantly more myopic in the temporal retina compared to lens free emmetropes except for the closest target distance.Relative off-axis refractive error changed significantly with accommodation when compared to axial refraction particularly in the myopic group.This change in the negative direction was due to changes in the spherical component of refraction that became more myopic relative to the center at the 0.20 m distance as the J0 component of astigmatism was significantly reduced in both emmetropes and myopes for the closest target.Conclusion:Accommodation to very near targets(up to 0.20 m)makes the off-axis refraction of myopes wearing their spectacle correction similar to that of lens free emmetropes.A significant reduction in off-axis astigmatism was also observed for the 0.20 m distance.
